计算中国男性人体环节体积的二元回归方程的研究

采用CT－－图像分析法,在尸体研究的基础上,对50例中国男性样本（18－23岁）进行了全身CT横以扫描、影像分析和测算,获得了样本各环节的长度和体积等惯性数据。进而确定了中国男性青年人体体积的分布,并据此建立了以身高、体重为自变量的直接计算中国青年人体各环节体积的二元回归方程。     

THE PATHOLOGY OF ASTHMA, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO CHANGES IN THE BRONCHIAL MUCOSA

The pathological features of 20 cases dying in status asthmaticus have been studied. In gross sections the lungs showed no emphysema, but mucus plugs in the air passages and focal areas of collapse were outstanding features. Five cases showed cystic bronchiectasis which was of a similar distribution to the focal areas of collapse, occurring in the upper lobes as commonly as in the lower lobes.     

PATHOLOGICAL STUDY ON THE CHANGES OF LYMPHATIC TISSUES IN SHOCK WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO SECONDARY NODULE LESIONS

The present authors carried out a pathological study on the changes in the lymphatic tissues of 38 autopsy cases associated with fatal shock. As a result, they confirmed that; (1) the microscopic lesion characterized by prominent destruction of the constituent cells of the secondary nodules appeared systematically in the lymphatic tissues of various regions, added by other occasional changes, such as coagulation necrosis, hemorrhages and transudation; (2) there occurred also marked atrophy of the secondary nodules in the cases with long duration of mild shock, or in those with temporary recovery from severe shock; and (3) the cellular destruction of the secondary nodules was closely correlated with the duration and severity of shock.     

AN ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC STUDY OF ERYTHROLEUKEMIA, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE STRUCTURE OF ERYTHROBLASTS

The bone marrow taken by either sternal or iliac crest aspiration of four cases of erythroleukemia was studied electron microscopically to reveal the following results.
The erythroblast in erythroleukemia showed abnormalities both in the nucleus and cytoplasmic organelles, especially in the nucleolus and mitochondria. In two cases of erythroleukemia, unclassifiable blastic cells which were usually located near the sinus, were observed. Generally, the erythroblast has a few, high electron dense granules having no internal structure.     

IMMUNOPATHOLOGIC STUDIES OF RENAL GLOMERULAR CHANGE IN LIVER CIRRHOSIS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ITS PATHOGENESIS

The kidneys from 62 proven liver cirrhosis cases were examined by immunofluorescence (IF), and 94% of the cases were positive for some immune reactants deposition. Combined deposition of immunoglobulin(s), both or each one of Clq and C4, and further with C3 were observed in about 70% of all IF positive cases. The morphological alterations of the glomeruli correlated with the intensities of regional immune reactants depositions. Guinea pig C3 was frequently activated in vitro on the glomeruli of these cases. Immune reactants depositions in the glomeruli appeared to form immune complex locally. Smooth muscle and liver cell antigens in the immune complex at the glomeruli were examined by indirect method of IF using monospecific antibodies and positive cases concerning each antigen were found in about 1/3 of the kidneys from 21 liver cirrhosis cases. These facts suggest that the high rate of the occurrence of immune com.plex deposition type glomerulo-nephritis may be due to the glomerular deposition of some autoantigen-antibody complexes including smooth muscle and liver cell antigens. ACTA PATH. JAP. 29: 571–583, 1979.     

ON THE VASCULAR LESIONS OF THROMBOTIC THROM-BOCYTOPENIC PURPURA WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ITS PATHOGENESIS*

Morphological studies were made on the vascular lesions of five cases of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and those of other diseases as control. The occurrence of thrombi at the bifurcations of arteriolocapillary junctions was characteristic of this disease. The side of thrombus attachment strongly suggested the important role of blood flow in the establishment of the thrombi. The granular nature, contraction and end-othelialization process of an early thrombus, together with the lack of evidence of an increased vascular permeability at the bases of early granular thrombi suggested that the mural thrombi characteristically observed in this disease were formed as a consequence of organization process of minute intravascular platelet aggregations established on the endothelial cells at the bifurcation. The possible mechanism of endothelial involvement at the bifurcation, probably a fundamental event in this disease, was discussed from the view of immune disorder of vascular endothelium.     

HISTOPATHOLOGICAL STUDY OF CONGENITAL CYSTIC KIDNEYS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE MULTICYSTIC, DYSPLASTIC TYPE

Ten autopsy cases of congenital cystic kidneys were studied by histopathological examination. Eight cases with dysplastic type revealed immature mesoderm, cartilage, localized tight fibrous tissue, hemangiomatous lesion consisting of arterlo-capillary-venous elements, extramedullary hematopoiesis, primitive lymph nodes, adipose tissue, and abundant neural tissue in the kidney as well as cystic lesions. These findings strongly suggest that congenital cystic kidneys of dysplastic type are derived from hamartoma or hamartomatous changes chiefly consisting of mesodermal tissue, most of which corresponds to tissue anomaly and is very close to the aberrant form of Wilms'tumor. The presence of focal fibrosis and lymphoid cell infiltration forming focal renal tissue destruction suggest local disturbance of tissue dmerentiation due to some causal elements. As common feature of this type, it is revealed that the babies show lower weights for their fetal ages and die shortly after birth or are delivered as still birth due to hypoplasia and atelectasis of the pulmonary tissue.