内镜下睫状体光凝联合白内障超声乳化手术治疗合并白内障的难治性青光眼的观察研究

目的观察眼内窥镜下睫状体光凝术(endoscopic cyclophotocoagulation,ECP)联合白内障超声乳化吸除加人工晶体植入术(Phaco+IOL)治疗合并白内障青光眼的疗效。方法应用E2激光内窥镜系统,对24例(28只眼)合并有白内障难治性青光眼患者进行ECP联合Phaco+IOL治疗,比较术前和术后眼压、视力,观察术后前房炎症反应、人工晶体位置以及并发症等情况。术后随访6~12个月。结果 28只眼术前眼压21.3~63(37.69±13.41)mm Hg,术后第6个月眼压7~29(14.36±4.98)mm Hg,术前、术后眼压差异有统计学意义(P0.000 1)。术后6月后无需药物治疗而眼压≤21 mm Hg者21眼(75.00%),术后视力提高者19只眼(67.86%)。28只眼中有6只眼术后第1天出现眼压高,1周后仍有2只眼在未用降眼压药物的情况下眼压偏高。所有患者术后均未出现人工晶状体偏位或脱位、视网膜或脉络膜脱离、眼内炎、低眼压等并发症。结论内窥镜下睫状体光凝术联合白内障超声乳化吸除加人工晶体植入术能安全有效地治疗青光眼合并白内障。     

晶体囊外摘除联合人工晶体植入术治疗闭角型青光眼

目的 探讨治疗晶体膨胀期伴有房角窄而致眼压高的白内障继发青光眼的方法.方法 采用大切口晶状体囊外 人工晶体植入或小切口晶体囊外摘除联合人工晶体植入手术治疗25例29眼急性闭角型青光眼合并白内障患者,对其结果进行分析.结果 术前平均眼压39.56 mmHg,术后随访最终平均眼压降至(14±4.8) mmHg.最终矫正视力范围为4.3～5.0,其中4.7以上者5眼(占17.2%).术后早期有并发症,角膜水肿11眼(37.9%),术后第2天丁达氏征( ～ )6眼,人工晶体表面形成纤维膜3眼,经活动瞳孔、激素治疗5～10天缓解.结论 采用晶体摘除联合人工晶体植入术治疗晶体膨胀期伴有房角窄而致眼压高的白内障继发青光眼,是一种有效、便捷、可重复、并发症少的治疗急性闭角型青光眼的手术方式.     

青光眼白内障联合手术治疗高眼压状态下的白内障继发青光眼的疗效

目的探讨青光眼白内障联合手术治疗高眼压状态下的白内障继发青光眼的疗效。方法收集22例22眼白内障继发青光眼患者,术前眼压>21 mmHg(1 mmHg≈0.133 kPa),及时行白内障超声乳化联合后房型人工晶体植入术+小梁切除术。结果本组术后眼压平均为(14.5±3.2)mmHg,均控制在21mmHg以下。术后随访末次矫正视力,22眼20眼视力超过0.05,其中<0.05者为青光眼性视神经萎缩所致。本组术后18眼出现不同程度的角膜基质水肿或角膜内皮皱褶及房水闪光阳性,予以妥布霉素地塞米松滴眼液滴眼及球旁注射地塞米松针5 mg治疗,5 d左右恢复;有4例出现虹膜部分后粘连,未见其他严重并发症。结论对高眼压状态下的白内障继发青光眼患者,青光眼白内障联合手术是一种安全及有效的治疗手段。     

颞侧小切口非超乳白内障摘除合并人工晶体植入治疗原发性闭角型青光眼临床观察

目的 初步观察颢侧小切口白内障摘除联合人工晶体植入术治疗合并有白内障的原发性闭角型青光眼的疗效.方法 合并有不同程度白内障的原发性闭角型青光眼患者48例(52只眼),入院用药物控制眼压正常或接近正常后,均行颞侧小切口白内障摘除合并人工晶体植入术,术前及术后3个月～1年检查视力、眼压、前房深度和房角.结果 术后46只限(88.5%)裸眼视力均有不同程度的提高.术后38只眼(73.1%)眼压低于21 mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa),术前、术后眼压比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).术前、术后前房深度分别为(1_95±0.41)mm、(3.54±0.50)mm,相比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).术后所有房角均较术前有不同程度的增宽和开放,粘连范围缩小或消失,无1例浅前房、低眼压和恶性青光眼并发症发生.结论 颞侧小切口非超乳白内障囊外摘除合并人工晶体植入术治疗合并白内障的闭角型青光眼,具有经济、安全、有效、易于推广的优点,可达到降低眼压、提高视力和保留角膜上方青光眼手术位置的目的 .     

隧道式小切口联合小梁切除术治疗白内障合并青光眼26例

目的 观察隧道式小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除人工晶体植入联合小梁切除术治疗白内障合并青光眼的疗效.方法 应用隧道式小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除人工晶体植入联合小梁切除术,对26例27眼白内障合并青光眼患者进行手术治疗.术后观察视力、眼压、滤过泡及并发症情况.结果 术后视力＞0.5者15眼(55.6%),0.2～0.5者10眼(37.0%),2眼为眼前指数(7.4%),术后视力均有不同的提高,术前术后视力差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).术后随访4～24个月,平均眼压为(14.4±2.2)mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa),较术前平均眼压(23.2±4.3)mm Hg明显下降.术前术后眼压差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 隧道式小切口白内障青光眼联合手术是治疗白内障合并青光眼的一种损伤小、安全有效的手术方法.     

晶状体玻璃体切除治疗外伤性晶状体脱位继发青光眼的临床观察

目的:观察晶状体玻璃体切除治疗外伤性晶状体脱位继发青光眼的临床效果.方法:对48例(49只眼)外伤性晶状体脱位继发青光眼患者进行晶状体、玻璃体切除手术治疗,并对术眼致伤原因、术前、后视力、眼压及术后并发症进行分析.结果:术后44例患者(45只眼)眼压＜21mmHg(91.67％);2例患者(2只眼)眼压21～30mmHg(4.16％);2例患者(2只眼)眼压＞30mmHg(4.16％).35例患者术后矫正视力提高;12例患者术后矫正视力无提高;1例患者术后矫正视力较术前差.2例患者术后视网膜脱离,3例患者出现葡萄膜炎,2例患者术后眼压仍大于30mmHg,1例患者术后出现黄斑水肿.结论:继发性青光眼是外伤性晶状体脱位的最常见并发症,其发生机制与玻璃体产生的阻滞有关,晶状体玻璃体切除手术是治疗此类青光眼的一种安全有效的方法.     

白内障超声乳化吸除与囊外摘除分别联合小梁切除术的疗效比较

目的:观察白内障超声乳化吸除联合小梁切除术治疗青光眼合并白内障的临床疗效.方法:回顾分析患青光眼白内障在我院行超声乳化白内障吸除人工晶体植入联合小梁切除术(超乳三联术组)的患者82例(82只眼)和行白内障囊外摘除人工晶体植入联合小梁切除术(囊外三联术组)的患者52例(54只眼),记录手术前、后的视力和眼压,记录手术并发症和滤过泡情况.术后随访至少3个月.结果:两组术后1周和3个月矫正视力较术前明显提高,眼压较术前明显降低(均P＜0.05).两组间术后视力和眼压比较,差异无显著性意义(P＞0.05).术后3个月随访,眼压≥21 mmHg者,超乳三联术组2只眼,囊外三联术组4只眼,两组比较差异无显著性意义(P＞0.05).手术并发症超乳三联术组明显低于囊外三联术组,差异有极显著性意义(P＜0.01).两组术后均无严重并发症发生.结论:超声乳化白内障吸除人工晶体植入联合小梁切除术,可安全有效治疗青光眼合并白内障,且效果优于白内障囊外摘除人工晶体植入联合小梁切除术.     

青白联合术治疗虹膜劈裂合并白内障青光眼的临床疗效观察

[目的]观察超声乳化并人工晶状体植入及小梁切除术治疗虹膜劈裂合并青光眼白内障的治疗效果.[方法] 对虹膜劈裂合并青光眼白内障的患者3眼行白内障超声乳化吸出术并人工晶体植入术及小梁切除术,术后观察视力、眼压、视野、结膜滤过泡、角膜、前房、虹膜、房角及人工晶状体的情况.[结果] 随诊6～14个月,3例患者视力分别由术前0.2(矫正0.3),0.1(矫正0.3),0.12(矫正0.2),提高至0.6(矫正0.7),0.5(矫正0.8),0.4(矫正0.8),术后术眼眼压波动于12～18 mmHg,视野缺损好转或无变化,滤过泡弥散,角膜光滑,角膜后少许色素KP,前房较术前明显加深,虹膜劈裂及纤维破裂范围扩大,虹膜脱色素加重,房角大量色素沉着,人工晶体位置正常,前表面少许色素沉着.[结论] 虹膜劈裂合并青光眼白内障的患者行白内障超声乳化吸出并人工晶体植入术及小梁切除术术后近期效果明确,无明显并发症,远期效果有待进一步观察.     

超声乳化术治疗膨胀期白内障继发青光眼34例

目的评价透明角膜切口超声乳化白内障吸除联合人工晶体植入术,治疗膨胀期白内障继发青光眼的临床疗效。方法回顾分析34例（41眼）膨胀期白内障继发青光眼患者临床资料,其中用药后眼压控制良好择期手术34眼、高眼压条件下急诊手术7眼,均采用透明角膜切口白内障超声乳化联合后房折叠型人工晶体植入术。术后随访2个月-3年,对比术前术后视力、眼压、前房深度和房角开放范围。结果术中、术后所有患者均未发生严重手术并发症。术后最佳矫正视力明显好于术前（P〈0．01）;眼压比入院接诊时明显下降（P〈0．001）;前房深度加深,术前术后差异有统计学意义（P〈0．001）。41眼中有2眼术后半年加用抗青光眼药物。所有患者原狭窄房角增宽,关闭的房角部分开放。结论白内障超声乳化摘除联合人工晶体植入术是治疗膨胀期白内障继发青光眼的一种有效手段。     

Nd:YAG激光治疗白内障超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入术后继发恶性青光眼

目的 评价Nd:YAG激光治疗白内障超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入术后继发恶性青光眼的效果.方法 回顾性分析6例(6只眼)白内障超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入术后继发恶性青光眼病例资料,采用Nd:YAG激光切开瞳孔区晶状体后囊膜及玻璃体前界膜,观察术后矫正视力、前房深度、眼压变化及并发症.结果 2只眼接受3次激光治疗,3只眼接受2次激光治疗,1只眼接受1次激光治疗.治疗后随访8～14个月[平均(10.0±2.5个月)].治疗前后矫正视力分别为(0.03±0.03)和(0.2±0.1)(P=0.00).治疗前后前房深度分别为(0.52±0.14)和(2.19±0.52)mm(P=0.00).治疗前和末次随访时平均眼压分别为(38.5±8.2)和(17.7±1.4)mmHg(P=0.00).所有病例均未出现严重并发症.结论 Nd:YAG激光晶状体后囊膜及玻璃体前界膜切开治疗人工晶状体眼继发恶性青光眼是安全有效的.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.