交通伤颌面骨折临床病例回顾性研究

本文对西安第四军医大学口腔医院１０年间５８１名交通事故颌面骨折住院患者进行了临床流行病学回顾性研究。男女发病人数比例为４．３∶１，发病年龄高峰为２０～３０岁，交通事故是颌面骨折的首要原因，占４７．４３％。颌面部交通伤以多发性骨折为主，人均骨折部位１．９处。下颌骨最易发生骨折，其次是颧骨和上颌骨。在致伤原因中，交通伤颌面骨折严重程度最大，且合并其他部位损伤最多，颅脑合并伤的发生率为４８．５％，居于首位。     

颌面创伤3 958例临床回顾

目的 对口腔颌面创伤患者性别、年龄、致伤原因、骨折特点及合并损伤等进行临床流行病学总结。方法对四川大学华西口腔医学院口腔颌面外科1955年至2001年，47年间收治的3958例口腔颌面部创伤患者的病历资料进行统计和分析。结果3958例颌面创伤患者男女比例为4．27：1；21～30岁（33．4％）为发病的高峰年龄段；交通事故（30．6％）在致伤原因中居首位。在颌面部创伤中，下颌骨骨折2299例，占骨折的72．7％，发生率最高。合并损伤以颅脑损伤最为多见，有916例（23．1％）发生。结论颌面创伤住院患者以骨折多见。骨折发生的数量、部位等与致伤原因、受力性质及相应部位的解剖结构有关。颅脑损伤为最严重的并发症，应予以充分重视。     

548例颌面创伤患者的回顾性分析

目的：通过回顾分析本院颌面创伤住院患者的临床资料，了解西安地区颌面创伤病例的构成、发病特点和临床流行病学现状。方法：对第四军医大学口腔医学院口腔颌面外科2003年7月～2006年6月3年间548例口腔颌面创伤患者的年龄、性别、时间、致伤原因、骨折特点、好发部位、神经损伤以及合并损伤等方面进行流行病学调查分析，采用SPSS10．12软件录入、分析所有数据。结果：颌面创伤患者占本院同期住院患者的22％，男女比例为3．9：1，21～40岁为发病高峰年龄。颌面创伤患者以7月份最多，2月份最少。交通事故在致伤原因中占50．91％，居于首位。颌面损伤以多发性骨折为主，人均骨折部位数为2．3处。在颌面骨骼中，下颌骨骨折最常见，其次是上颌骨和颧弓。在颌面部神经中，眶下神经和面神经损伤最常见。颅脑伤、四肢伤和眼损伤是颌面骨折最常见的合并伤。结论：近年来颌面创伤发病率逐年上升，且伤度加重、伤情复杂，交通事故伤呈上升趋势，创伤患者有年轻化趋势，男女比率有一定下降。     

1693名颌面创伤患者临床病例回顾性研究

对第四军医大学口腔医院1986-1995年10年间1693名颌面创伤住院患者进行了临床流行病学回顾性研究。颌面创伤患者人数占住院总人数的16%，并呈逐年递增趋势；男女比例为6：1，20-30岁为发病高峰年龄，交通事故在致伤原因中占47%，居地首位，颌面损伤以多发性骨折为主，人均骨折部位数为1.7个，在颌面骨骼中，下颌骨骨折最常见，其次是颧骨和上颌骨，颅脑伤是颌面骨折最常见的合并伤，面中部较面下部骨折更易造成颅脑损伤。     

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目的回顾性分析颌面部骨折患者的临床资料,对患者性别、年龄、致伤原因、合并损伤及治疗方法进行临床流行病学总结。方法对中国医科大学口腔医学院2004年9月至2007年12月收治的580例颌面部骨折患者的病例资料进行统计和分析。结果580例颌面部骨折患者男女比例为3.75:1。>20～40岁为发生的高峰年龄段,占55.0%。骨折以5、8、9月份多发。交通事故在致伤原因中居首位,占57.24%。颌面部骨折类型以下颌骨骨折发生率最高,占61.72%。伴有神经损伤者219例,其中以眶下神经损伤发生率最高,占47.94%。合并损伤以四肢损伤最为多见,占合并损伤患者的37.86%,颅脑损伤居第2位,占26.70%。颌面骨折治疗以坚固内固定为主要方式,占83.60%。结论颌面部骨折发病率逐年上升,交通事故为主要致伤原因,发病人群以青壮年为主,坚固内固定为主要治疗方式。     

颌面部创伤356例的临床分析

目的:回顾分析356例颌面部创伤患者的临床资料,探讨口腔颌面部创伤好发人群、受伤原因、骨折部位及合并症等临床流行病学特点。方法:对356例口腔颌面部创伤患者的临床资料进行流行病学调查分析。结果:男女患者比例为3.75∶1;21～40岁组为高发年龄段(58.5%);交通事故为最常见受伤原因(52.5%);下颌骨骨折发生率最高(68.5%),其次是颧骨颧弓骨折(15.8%);颅脑损伤是最常见的合并伤。结论:交通事故伤呈上升趋势,颅脑损伤为最严重的并发症,危及生命,应及时救治。     

煤矿医院口腔颌面创伤 885 例临床分析

目的:对煤矿医院 885 例口腔颌面创伤病例进行临床流行病学分析.方法:对山西阳泉阳煤集团总医院口腔科 1980.1～2006.10 间住院治疗的 885 例口腔颌面创伤患者的病例资料进行统计分析.结果:885 例中男女比例为7.68:1;发病高峰年龄段为20～29岁(37.5%);致伤原因中煤矿井下作业伤居首位,交通事故伤居次.885 例中,骨折604例,占 68.2%;其中下颌骨骨折371例,占骨折的60%.结论:煤矿医院颌面创伤住院患者以骨折多见,井下作业伤为致伤首位原因.     

下颌骨骨折的临床分析（附98例报告）

目的探讨下颌骨骨折的特点及治疗方法。方法收集整理了我院口腔科1995～2000年间98例下颌骨骨折住院患者,对其致伤因素、骨折部位、骨折合并伤及治疗方法进行了整理分析。结果本组病例中,车祸为主要致伤原因,占57.14％;下颌骨体部骨折居首位,占40.54％,最常见的合并伤为面中份骨折,其次分别为胸、腹、四肢伤,颅脑损伤;近年来,坚固内固定在下颌骨骨折治疗中取得了满意临床疗效。结论下颌骨骨折以下颌骨体部、颏部最多;坚固内固定为今后治疗下颌骨骨折的主要发展方向。     

1001例口腔颌面部创伤患者临床分析

目的:通过对1001例口腔颌面创伤患者回顾分析,了解口腔颌面部创伤患者的流行病学特点。方法:对第四军医大学口腔医院口腔颌面外科2008年8月—2011年3月期间收治的1001例口腔颌面创伤患者的病历资料进行统计分析。结果:1001例口腔颌面创伤患者男女比为2.80∶1;20～29岁(30.07%)为发病的高峰年龄段;交通事故(48.45%)在致伤原因中居首位。在口腔颌面创伤中,下颌骨骨折573例,发生率最高。合并伤以眼部最多见(171例),其次为颅脑伤和四肢创伤。结论:口腔颌面创伤患者以骨折多见。骨折发生的数量、部位等与致伤原因、受力性质及相应部位的解剖结构有关。眼部创伤、颅脑创伤及四肢创伤为最常见的并发症,应予以充分重视,治疗时不可忽视全身状况。     

呼和浩特地区颌面部骨折的临床流行病学研究

目的通过大量临床病例资料的流行病学回顾性研究,明确呼和浩特地区颌面部骨折患者的流行病学特点,为呼和浩特地区颌面部骨折的防治提供流行病学依据。方法收集呼和浩特地区医院2002年7月～2007年6月五年间颌面部骨折住院患者的病例资料,对每位患者的年龄、性别、居住地区、损伤原因、骨折部位、合并损伤及治疗方法等内容进行统计学分析。结果共收集病例516例,男性454例,女性62例,男：女为7.32：1,好发年龄为21～40岁。交通事故是主要损伤原因,占64.66%,其中摩托车致伤158例,占49.07%;汽车致伤152例,占47.20%;非机动车辆致伤12例,占3.73%。经统计分析,郊区的交通事故高于市区,摩托车肇事是造成郊区交通事故的主要原因。下颌骨是最常见的骨折部位。四肢、颅脑是最常见的合并损伤。结论在救治颌面创伤的同时,应观察患者的生命体征,注意颅脑、四肢等合并伤的救治。     

西藏地区588例颌面部创伤的临床分析

目的:回顾性分析西藏地区颌面部损伤的临床流行病学特点.方法:对西藏军区总医院口腔科2001-06-2010-06间收治的588名颌面部创伤患者的病历资料进行回顾性研究.结果:颌面部损伤患者人数占本科住院总人数的26.4％,男女比例为4.8∶1,21～50岁为发病高峰年龄段,5～10月份为高发期.交通事故在致伤原因中居首...     

颌面部骨折1264例临床回顾分析

目的:探讨和总结颌面部骨折的临床特点和治疗方法。方法:对我院2012年6月—2017年6月收治的1264例颌面部骨折住院病例进行回顾分析,包括年龄、性别、致伤原因、损伤部位、全身损伤及治疗方法。结果:男942例（74.53%）,女322例（25.47%）;20~50岁（59.10%）为好发年龄段;意外摔伤965例（76.35%）;276例(21.84%)伴全身损伤,颅脑损伤120例（37.62%）;1107例（87.58%）采用坚固内固定。结论:颌面部骨折中男性占大多数,意外摔伤是最主要的原因。颅脑损伤是最常见的并发症,开放复位内固定术是目前最主要的治疗方法:。     

Maxillofacial injuries associated with domestic violence.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to report the incidence, causes, and patterns of maxillofacial injury associated with domestic violence. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective review of patients treated for domestic violence injuries at an inner-city hospital over a 5-year period was done, and data were collected on type and location of injury, mechanism of injury, alcohol involvement, and treatment. RESULTS: The sample consisted of 236 emergency room admissions. The majority (81%) of victims presented with maxillofacial injuries. The fist was a favorite means for assaults (67%). The middle third of the face was most commonly involved (69%). Soft tissue injuries were the most common type of injury (61%). Facial fractures were present in 30% of victims. The average number of mandible fractures per patient was 1.32. The majority of facial fractures (40%) were nasal fractures. Left-sided facial injuries were more common than right sided. CONCLUSIONS: These data confirm that most victims of domestic violence sustain maxillofacial injuries. Midface injuries predominate. The preponderance of facial injuries makes it very likely that oral and maxillofacial surgeons will be involved in the care of these patients.     

Assessment of Oro-Maxillofacial Trauma According to Gender,Age, Cause and Type of the Injury

Objectives

The occurrence and causes of maxillofacial trauma varies in different regions of the world. The aim of this study was to identify the occurrence, types and causes of maxillofacial injuries according to the age and gender differences in patients treated at the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Center Osijek, between January 2011 and December 2013.

Materials and methods

A total of 64 patients, 41 males (64.1%) and 23 females (35.9%), aged from 18 to 86 years (mean age 42) participated in the study. Data collected and analyzed included gender, age, cause of injury and the type of maxillofacial injuries.

Results

The most common cause of injuries in both gender groups was falling down (39% males; 65% females). The second leading cause of injuries in males was interpersonal violence (29%) and in females traffic accident (26%) (p<0.05). The most common type of injury in both gender groups was bone injury (50%; in males zygomatic bones 55%, in females mandible 40%) (p>0.05). The most common causes of injuries in the youngest patients was violence (43%), and in others fall (50-70%; p<0.05). The most common reported type of injury in all age groups was bone injury (more than 50%; p>0.05). The majority of the falls and violence caused bone tissue injuries, and soft tissue and dentalveolar injuries were detected in traffic and sports accidents (p>0.05).

Conclusion

Falling down was the most common cause of oro-maxillofacial injuries in both men and women and in all three age groups. The leading type of injury was bone injury. The data obtained from this study provide important information for future prevention from injuries.Key words: maxillofacial trauma, soft-tissue injury, bone injury, dento-alveolar injury     

Maxillofacial injuries in patients with major trauma

Major trauma is an important cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Mortality is high with rates over 10% commonly reported. We studied the epidemiology and aetiology of maxillofacial injuries in patients who presented with major trauma as recorded nationally by retrospectively analysing the database of the Trauma Audit Research Network from 2001 to 2015. All patients who had major trauma with associated maxillofacial injuries were included in the analysis. Of 104 645 patients recorded as having had major trauma during the study period, 22 148 (21.2%) had an associated maxillofacial injury. Most of them were male (74.2%), and the type of injury was usually blunt (97.5%). Road traffic collisions were the most common mechanism (44.1%), followed by falls of less than 2 m (21.6%). An associated serious head injury was more common in those who had a facial injury (81% compared with 60.6%, p < 0.0001). Nearly all the facial injuries (94%) were minor, or moderately severe. Maxillofacial injuries commonly present with major trauma but are rarely severe. A maxillofacial injury may indicate an increased likelihood of an associated head injury.     

Motorcycle accident is the main cause of maxillofacial injuries in the Penang Mainland,Malaysia

Abstract – Background/Aim: Maxillofacial injuries are among the commonest forms of body injuries. There are three divisions, namely, facial bone fractures, soft tissue injuries, and dentoalveolar injuries. Etiologies include motor vehicle accidents, assaults, falls, and sporting injuries. The aim of this study was to determine the profiles including the causes of maxillofacial injuries seen in an urban government hospital in the mainland of Penang State, Malaysia. Materials and methods: This was a cross‐sectional study that recruited cases reported within a period of 1 year. The source population was maxillofacial injury patients presenting to the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department of an urban hospital in the Penang Mainland, North Malaysia between May 2007 and May 2008. Cases of patients involved in accidents that occurred outside the reference vicinity were excluded. A case report form was developed and completed by the attending clinicians. Data were analyzed using spss version 12.0. Results: A total of 194 cases were studied, with the mean patient age being 27.8 (SD 15.20) years. The majority of patients were Malay men between 20 and 29 years of age. The main cause of injury was motorcycle accident (53.6%). The commonest injury (in isolation/combination with other injuries) involved the soft tissues (87.2%), dentoalveolar region (33.4%), and facial bones (23.9%). Laceration was the commonest soft tissue injury, and crown fracture was the most frequent dentoalveolar injury. The facial bone that was most highly involved in the injury was the zygoma. Subjects involved in motorcycle accidents had a significantly higher incidence of sustaining facial bone fractures. Conclusions: Motorcycle accidents were the commonest cause of maxillofacial injuries in the Penang Mainland, Malaysia. Most patients were young men. Hence, it is prudent to reinforce appropriate road safety and awareness interventions particularly focusing young male motorcyclists so as to reduce the risk of accidents.     

Incidence of oral and maxillofacial skiing injuries due to different injury mechanisms.

PURPOSE: This study emphasizes the significance of maxillofacial injuries in skiing accidents, correlating injury mechanisms and patterns, by evaluating a large population of maxillofacial injuries over a 6-year period. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between 1991 and 1996, of 5,623 patients showing oral and maxillofacial injuries, 1,859 were sports-related. Records of 579 patients with 882 incidents of oral and maxillofacial injury due to skiing were reviewed and analyzed according to age, sex, type of injury, cause of accident, location, and frequency of fractures. Additionally, the five main injury mechanisms were analyzed. RESULTS: The oral and maxillofacial injuries in 10.3% of all trauma patients, or 33% of all sports-related trauma patients, were due to skiing. A total of 310 patients (53.5%) had facial bone fractures, 236 patients (40.8%) suffered from dentoalveolar trauma, and 336 patients (58%) showed soft tissue injuries. Five major causes and mechanisms of injury existed, namely, 263 falls (45%); 135 collisions with other skiers (23%); 70 individuals struck by their own ski equipment (12%); 46 collisions against stationary objects (8%); and 34 lift-track accidents (6%). Sex distribution showed an overall male-to-female ratio of 1.9:1.0, but varied depending on the injury mechanism. The age distribution ranged from 2 to 81 years. CONCLUSION: The results of this study show the high incidence of oral and maxillofacial injuries due to skiing accidents. Depending on the mechanism of injury, different patterns occur. Facial bone fractures are more likely in collisions with other persons, falls, and collisions with stationary objects, whereas dentoalveolar trauma is more common when persons are struck by their own ski equipment, or when accidents on lift-tracks occur.     

Patterns of maxillofacial injuries caused by terrorist attacks in Iraq: retrospective study

Over the past 5 years, Iraq has witnessed daily terrorist attacks mainly using improvised explosive devices. The aim of this study was to analyze the patterns of maxillofacial injuries caused by terrorist attacks in a sample of Iraqi casualties. Records from two hospitals, including 551 patients who sustained maxillofacial injuries due to terrorists attacks, were analyzed according to the patients’ age, sex, site of injury, type of injury and cause of injury. Concomitant injuries and mortality were also considered. The most common age group affected was those aged 15-29 years. Most of these injuries were caused by improvised explosive devices (71%). More than one facial zone was injured in 212 patients (38%). Isolated soft tissues injuries were detected in (54%) of victims. Pure maxillofacial injuries comprised 33%. The most common injuries associated with this type of trauma were eye injuries (29%). The mortality rate was 2% from pure maxillofacial injuries. Terrorist attacks cause unique maxillofacial injuries, which should be considered a new entity in the trauma field.     

Maxillofacial trauma with emphasis on soft-tissue injuries in Malaysia

Soft-tissue injuries with or without facial bone involvement are the most common presentation following maxillofacial trauma. The objective of this study was to look at the distribution, pattern and type of soft-tissue injury in relation to aetiology. Records of patients over a period of 5 years (1998-2002), who sustained maxillofacial injuries and were treated at Kajang Hospital, a secondary referral hospital, were reviewed. Out of 313 patients with maxillofacial injuries, 295 patients sustained soft-tissue injuries. Males (79%) between 21 and 30 years old (34%) were the majority of patients. Road-traffic accident was the main cause of soft-tissue injuries (75%) with motorcycle accident being the most frequent (40%). The upper lips (23%) and the lower lips (18%) were the most common extraoral site involved, while the labial mucosa and sulcular areas, both accounting for 21%, were the most common intraoral sites. Stringent road-traffic regulations should be practiced in developing countries, as morbidity arising from road-traffic accidents poses a national economic and social problem.