共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 63 毫秒
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血管钙化(Vascular calcification,VC)是慢性肾脏病(chronic kidney disease,CKD)、衰老、动脉粥样硬化、骨质疏松、糖尿病血管病变等疾病发生发展过程中普遍存在的病理生理现象.VC在CKD各个阶段均存在,随着肾功能恶化逐渐加重,CKD5期时达到顶峰.血管钙化是ESRD患者发生心血管事件与死亡的强有力的预测因素,与动脉粥样硬化斑块数量、心肌梗死和心脏骤停等心血管事件关系密切.因此,有效治疗血管钙化对于减少CKD患者心血管事件、改善患者预后具有十分重要的意义. 相似文献
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总结了终末期肾病透析患者血管钙化的种类、诱因及治疗策略,认为不同的透析方式及透析膜、透析液等对透析患者体内炎症的水平有很大影响。 相似文献
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韦珍妮 《临床检验杂志(电子版)》2020,(1):241-242
高磷血症是慢性肾脏病患者最常出现的并发症之一,而高磷血症的出现也在一定程度上加剧了血管钙化,增加了慢性肾脏病患者的发病率和死亡率。为此,应加大对高磷血症的研究力度,采取合理的解决和控制措施,进而降低慢性肾脏病患者的风险,提升临床治疗水平。 相似文献
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<正>心血管疾病是慢性肾脏病(chronic kidney disease,CKD)患者的主要致死原因。慢性肾衰竭终末期肾病患者心血管事件造成的死亡占总死亡原因的50%以上,发病率是同年龄普通人群20~30倍[1]; 相似文献
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目的:比较不同影像学方法及血管组织钙化染色评估尿毒症血液透析患者外周血管钙化的敏感性差异.方法:尿毒症血液透析患者38例因动静脉内瘘失功行内瘘重建术,术前作彩色多普勒超声、X线摄片及螺旋CT血管成像(CTA)检测桡动脉有无血管钙化.术中取桡动脉残端0.3~1.0 cm行石蜡切片VonKossa钙化染色观察血管钙化情况,比较不同方法检测血管钙化的敏感性.结果:38例患者桡动脉钙化染色检出血管钙化29例,占65.79%;术前CTA检查检出15例,占39.4%;X线摄片检出11例,占28.9%;彩色多普勒超声检出8例,占21.1%.统计学分析钙化染色法检出率明显高于术前三种影像学方法(P<0.01),三种影像学方法以CTA检出率较高,与彩色多普勒超声比较有统计学意义,与X线摄片比较无统计学意义.结论:尿毒症血液透析患者普遍存在外周血管钙化,单靠影像学方法检测可能低估血管钙化的发生率.影像学方法中以CTA检出率较高. 相似文献
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目的:通过观察阿仑磷酸钠干预后血管钙化模型大鼠血管的组织病理学变化,验证阿仑磷酸钠对血管钙化的治疗作用。方法:选用SD大鼠30只,适应性喂养1周后,按随机数字表法分成3组(n=10),维生素D3模型组及阿仑磷酸钠组分别在分组即时、分组后24,48h给予维生素D325万U/(kg·d),正常对照组在同一时刻给予等容量生理盐水对照灌胃。实验第4天开始,阿仑磷酸钠组给予阿仑磷酸钠0.9mg/(kg·d)进行治疗。所有大鼠于实验第6周末麻醉后处死,取主动脉,主动脉弓固定后切片,苏木精-伊红染色后光镜下观察其病理变化;测血管钙含量;行Von Kossa染色,用Image-Pro Plus6.0病理图像分析软件计算各组大鼠钙化斑块面积百分比;同时检测大鼠血脂含量。结果:阿仑磷酸钠组大鼠主动脉弓血管壁有乳白色钙化斑块,但数量较维生素D3模型组明显减少;镜下可见血管中层平滑肌有较少部位出现坏死,坏死面积明显少于维生素D3模型组。阿仑磷酸钠组大鼠血管钙含量、钙化面积百分比及血清总胆固醇浓度均较维生素D3模型组下降(P<0.01)。结论:组织病理学观察结果显示,阿仑磷酸钠可明显减少维生素D3造成的血管钙化大鼠模型的血管钙化面积;同时定量结果也证实,阿仑磷酸钠可降低血管钙及血清总胆固醇水平。 相似文献
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血管钙化是慢性肾脏病(chronic kidney disease,CKD)患者重要的并发症之一,钙磷代谢紊乱、炎症、氧化应激、细胞凋亡、自噬及促钙化因子与抑钙化因子的失衡等各种因素均会加重钙化的进展,增加肾脏疾病的进展及心血管病死率.因此,本文将对CKD患者血管钙化的临床特点、发病机制、评估方法及治疗方法的相关进展进... 相似文献
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心血管疾病是导致慢性肾脏病患者死亡的主要并发症,而血管钙化在心血管疾病的发生中起重要作用。但目前慢性肾脏病引发血管钙化的机制尚不明确。miRNA是一类非编码RNA,与慢性肾脏病血管钙化的发生、发展密切相关。本文就miRNA在慢性肾脏病血管钙化中作用的研究进展作一综述。 相似文献
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血管钙化是一种主动的、可调控的复杂生物学过程,也是心血管事件的独立危险因素,目前尚缺乏有效的治疗方法。铁死亡是一种新型调节性细胞死亡方式,其发生机制与铁代谢、脂质代谢、谷胱甘肽代谢等多种途径密切相关,近年来研究显示铁死亡可能参与血管钙化的发生发展。该文在介绍铁死亡发生机制的基础上,分别探讨铁死亡与内膜钙化、中膜钙化以及心脏瓣膜钙化等不同类型钙化的密切关系,为血管钙化的防治提供新的思路。 相似文献
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E Siemers 《Comprehensive therapy》1992,18(9):20-24
Because of the number of different types of anti-Parkinsonian medications, a number of options in the treatment of PD are now available. Each patient's medication regimen should be individualized. Many of the medication choices are made based on the stage of the disease. For patients who have newly diagnosed PD, and who are on no medications, treatment with deprenyl should be strongly considered. While some controversy remains concerning its possible slowing of the rate of disease progression, there is no evidence to suggest that its use is detrimental. It is generally well tolerated in patients with early disease. These factors must be weighed against the cost of the medication, and the fact that little if any therapeutic effect is seen in most patients who are not being treated with LD. A useful analogy when considering this issue is the prophylactic use of aspirin for cerebrovascular or cardiovascular disease. Newly diagnosed patients requiring treatment, who have tremor as their only symptom or their most prominent symptom, may be given an anticholinergic medication. Patients who have significant bradykinesia, rigidity or gait disturbance can be given amantadine. A combination of these two medications may be useful, and a combination of deprenyl with an anticholinergic drug or amantadine may provide excellent relief of early symptoms. At some point, most patients' symptoms progress such that treatment with LD is considered. Given its possible, but unproven, acceleration of the rate of disease progression, this decision should be weighed carefully. In a relatively young patient who may be treated for many years, a dopamine receptor agonist can be initiated without LD therapy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
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血流感染诊断及治疗进展 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:6
败血症(septicemia)是由各种病原微生物(细菌或真菌)和毒素侵入血流所引起的血液感染,主要临床表现为:骤发寒战,高热,心动过速,呼吸急促,皮疹,肝脾肿大和精神、神志改变等一系列严重临床症状,严重可引起休克、弥散性血管内凝血(DIC)和多脏器功能衰竭。若细菌仅短暂人血,而无临床明显的毒血症状(如血管相关性感染)则称为菌血症(bacteremia)。目前将败血症和菌血症统称为血流感染(bloodstream infection)。 相似文献
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血液透析患者血管钙化的防治 总被引:12,自引:2,他引:12
心血管疾病是慢性肾脏病(CKD)患者的第一死亡原因,占50%左右。钙磷代谢紊乱导致的血管钙化在其中具有重要作用。当钙和(或)磷浓度在局部和循环中的浓度超过磷酸盐的溶解度乘积时,不溶解的碱性磷酸钙(BCP)在细胞外基质沉积,导致血管钙化。CKD5期患者冠状动脉和血管钙化的发生率高于一般人群,且随年龄和透析时间增加而增高,年轻透析患者比正常人早几十年发生血管钙化。透析20年和50岁以上透析患者,100%有血管钙化。用电子束CT(EBCT)检查,20~30岁透析患者16例中14例有血管钙化,而同龄正常人60例中仅有3例。 相似文献
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Makoto Yoshiba MD 《Journal of infection and chemotherapy》1998,4(2):41-49
Orthotopic liver transplantation is regarded as the only reliable treatment of fulminant hepatic failure in Western countries.
The majority of hepatologists in Japan agree with this opinion. Liver transplantation is, however, only a symptomatic treatment
of liver failure. The cause of fulminant hepatic failure is not taken into consideration in the decision of whether to proceed
with liver transplantation. The term “fulminant hepatitis,” often used instead of “fulminant hepatic failure” in Japan, implies
that the underlying liver disease is hepatitis in nature. Therefore, patients with fulminant hepatitis should be treated not
only for the symptoms of liver failure, but for the underlying hepatitis as well. Such treatment includes antivirals and immunosuppressants
for fulminant viral hepatitis, and immunosuppressants for fulminant autoimmune and drug-induced hepatitis. Using these treatment
strategies, we have obtained a survival rate of 23/31 (74.1%) for the past 3.5 years in patients with fulminant hepatitis.
We are currently attempting to cure all cases of severe hepatitis by predicting fulminant hepatitis and starting the treatment
of hepatitis before the onset of coma. 相似文献