新生血管性青光眼患者房水和血浆中VEGF、TGF-β1和IL-6的测定及意义

背景 新生血管性青光眼(NVG)以虹膜和房角新生血管为主要特征,发病机制尚未完全阐明.研究证实多个细胞因子和炎性因子与新生血管的形成有关,但这些细胞因子与NVG的关系研究尚不完全清楚. 目的 探讨NVG患者房水和血浆中血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、转化生长因子β1(TGF-p1)和白细胞介素-6(IL-6)质量浓度的变化及其意义.方法 采用前瞻性病例对照研究方法,纳入2014年5月至2015年3月于上海市东方医院确诊的NVG患者8例8眼、原发性开角型青光眼(POAG)患者10例10眼及年龄相关性白内障(ARC)患者10例10眼.眼部手术前1d收集患者空腹肘静脉血3～4 ml,离心后取上清液0.3～0.4 ml,于眼部手术时收集房水0.1 ～0.2 ml,采用ELISA法分别检测患者房水及血浆中VEGF、TGF-β1和IL-6质量浓度,对检测结果进行组间比较. 结果 NVG组患者房水和血浆中VEGF质量浓度分别为(2 769.85±390.88) pg/ml和(529.93±95.20) pg/ml,明显高于POAG组的(208.12±58.59) pg/ml和(219.28 ±24.44) pg/ml及ARC组的(158.88±12.35) pg/ml和(172.82±31.91) pg/ml,组间总体比较差异均有统计学意义(房水:F=433.80,P＜0.01;血浆:F=103.84,P＜0.01).NVG组患者房水和血浆中TGF-β1质量浓度分别为(157.94±113.00) pg/ml和(3 895.78±2 318.00) pg/ml,明显高于POAG组的(54.48±35.58) pg/ml和(2 196.13±1 185.39)pg/ml以及ARC组的(47.98±17.69) pg/ml和(1 937.28±933.27) pg/ml,组间总体比较差异有统计学意义(房水:F=7.88,P＜0.01;血浆:F=4.18,P＜0.05).NVG组房水和血浆中IL-6质量浓度分别为(234.87±41.64) pg/ml和(26.97±8.19) pg/ml,明显高于POAG组的(38.97±19.06) pg/ml和(19.54±5.11) pg/ml以及ARC组的(29.48±14.61) pg/ml和(18.50±3.57) pg/ml,组间总体比较差异均有统计学意义(房水:F=166.27,P＜0.01;血浆:F=5.59,P＜0.05). 结论 NVG患者房水及血浆中VEGF、TGF-β1、IL-6质量浓度明显高于POAG及ARC患者,提示3种细胞因子均参与NVG的发生及虹膜新生血管的形成,可能成为NVG治疗的靶点.     

新生血管性青光眼血管内皮生长因子和血小板衍生生长因子含量及其相关影响因素

目的 观察新生血管性青光眼（NVG）患者眼内血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）和血小板衍生生长因子（PDGF）含量,并分析其相关影响因素.方法 实验研究.NVG患者54 例（54眼）,其中视网膜中央静脉阻塞（CRVO）17眼,糖尿病性视网膜病变（DR）22眼,视网膜血管炎（Eales病）4眼,视网膜脱离（RD）术后4眼,未知原因7眼.虹膜新生血管Ⅰ级17眼,Ⅱ级12眼,Ⅲ级13眼,Ⅳ级12眼.36眼曾行视网膜光凝和（或）冷凝治疗.10只新鲜健康角膜供体眼作为正常对照组.抽取两组的房水和玻璃体液样本,采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测其中VEGF和PDGF含量.对NVG组和正常对照组VEGF和PDGF含量的比较采用Mann-Whitney U检验,不同原发病、不同等级虹膜新生血管、视网膜光凝和（或）冷凝治疗组与未治疗组之间VEGF和PDGF含量的比较分别采用方差分析、LsD-t检验和独立样本t检验,并对各组VEGF和PDGF含量进行Pearson相关分析.结果 NVG组房水中VEGF和PDGF含量分别为（926.3±223.5）ng/L和（226.2±81.5）ng/L,玻璃体液中分别为（1096.1±235.9）ng/L和（375.3±141.5）ng/L,均高于正常对照组（Z 房水VECG=-4.993,Z房水PDGF=-4.891,Z玻璃体VEGF=-4.991,Z玻璃体PDGF＝-4.992,P均=0.000）.不同原发病组比较：CRVO组房水和玻璃体液中VEGF含量均高于不明原凶组（t房水=1.746,P房水＝0.033;t玻璃体=1.917,P玻璃体=0.027）,其他各组之间VEGF含量差异均无统计学意义;DR组房水和玻璃体液中PDGF含量高于Eales病组（t房水=1.697,P房水：0.043;t玻璃体=1.762,P玻璃体=0.038）,其他各组间PDGF含量差异均无统计学意义.不同虹膜新牛血管分级组比较：各组房水和玻璃体液中VEGF含量差异均无统计学意义：虹膜新生血管Ⅳ级组玻璃体液中PDGF含量高于Ⅲ级组（t=1.740,P=0.049）.视网膜光凝和（或）冷凝治疗后,房水及玻璃体液中VEGF和PDGF的含量均低于未治疗组（Z房水VEGF＝2.945,P房水VEGF=0.003;t房水PDGF＝3.199,P房水PDGF＝0.002;Z玻璃体VEGF=3.165,P玻璃体VEGF＝002;t玻璃体PDGF＝2.984,P玻璃体PDGF＝0.004）.相关分析显示：NVG组房水中VEGF和PDGF含量呈正相关（r=0.305,P=0.025）,玻璃体液中VEGF和PDGF含量也呈正相关（r=0.303,P＝0.026）;CRVO组玻璃体液中VEGF和PDGF含量呈正相关（r=0.503,P＝0.040）;DR组房水中VEGF和PDGF含量呈正相关（r=0.462,P=0.030）.结论 NVG中VEGF和PDGF含量的变化与其原发病、虹膜新生血管严重程度有关,视网膜光凝和（或）冷凝治疗可抑制VEGF和PDGF的产生.     

Increased interleukin-6 in aqueous humor of a patient with lung-metastatic intraocular adenocarcinoma

PURPOSE: We report increased interleukin (IL)-6 level in aqueous humor of a case of lung adenocarcinoma with metastasis to iris and anterior chamber. DESIGN: Interventional case report. METHODS: In one case and 11 healthy cataract patients as controls, we checked the levels of IL-6, IL-2, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha in aqueous humor and serum by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: Levels of these three cytokines in serum were almost the same as with the levels in aqueous humor in the control group. The IL-6 concentrations ranged from 12.6 to 27.0 pg/ml (mean, 23.5 pg/ml) in serum and 15.0 to 43.1 pg/ml (mean, 22.4 pg/ml) in aqueous humor. There was no statistically significant difference between them. Compared with the control, the IL-6 concentration in aqueous humor of this patient, 282.0 pg/ml, increased more than 10-fold. CONCLUSION: This is a report describing elevated IL-6 level in the aqueous humor of a patient with intraocular metastasis from lung adenocarcinoma.     

VEGF、IL-6的水平与糖尿病视网膜病变关系的研究

目的:检测2型糖尿病患者眼房水中血管内皮生长因子(Vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)和白细胞介素-6(Interleukin-6,IL-6)的含量,并探讨其临床意义.方法:在白内障手术过程中获取66例2型糖尿病患者的房水,采用双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)法测定VEGF和IL-6的含量.根据手术后散瞳眼底检查和眼底荧光素血管造影检查确定糖尿病视网膜病变的分期.实验组分为:无糖尿病视网膜病变组(NDR)21例、单纯型糖尿病性视网膜病变组(BDR)26例、增生型糖尿病性视网膜病变组(PDR)19例,正常对照组为健康的老年性白内障患者20例.结果:NDR组、BDR组、PDR组的房水VEGF含量分别为(240.30±26.15)pg/ml、(292.27±58.91)pg/ml、(477.41±91.01)pg/ml,IL-6含量分别为(160.83±33.41)pg/ml、(238.60±62.23)pg/ml、(389.13±90.35)pg/ml,对照组房水VEGF含量为(140.58±26.27)pg/ml、IL-6含量为(82.72±21.53)pg/ml,对照组与实验组比较差异均有统计学意义(F=113.67,P＜0.01;F=106.53,P＜0.01).实验组房水中的VEGF与IL-6含量有相关性(r=0.995,P＜0.01);糖尿病患者的病程与房水中VEGF(r=0.792,0.826,0.841均P＜0.01)、IL-6(r=0.829,0.817,0.896均P＜0.01)含量有相关性.结论:VEGF、IL-6在糖尿病视网膜病变的形成过程中有重要作用,且两者之间有相关性.     

前部视网膜冷凝术对新生血管性青光眼患者房水中血管内皮生长因子含量的影响

目的 探讨前部视网膜冷凝术对新生血管性青光眼患者房水中血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）含量的影响以及VEGF含量的变化与虹膜新生血管之间的关系。方法对28例确诊为新生血管性青光眼患者行虹膜血管造影,确定新生血管的范围和数量后,行前部视网膜冷凝术,7～14d后经虹膜血管造影确定虹膜新生血管大部分消退后,再行小梁切除术。分别于前部视网膜冷凝术前和小梁切除术前抽取房水标本,另取30例老年性白内障患者房水标本。采用酶联免疫吸附法分别测定全部房水标本中的VEGF含量。结果小梁切除术前房水中VEGF的含量[（2．096±0．512）ng／ml]明显低于前视网膜冷凝术前房水中VEGF含量[（0．478±0．312）ng／ml],两者比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。小梁切除术前房水中VEGF含量明显高于老年性白内障患者房水中VEGF的含量[（0．198±0．045）ng／ml],两者比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论VEGF在虹膜新生血管的形成中可能发挥一定的作用;阻断促使虹膜产生新生血管的VEGF来源,可抑制新生血管性青光眼的发生.（中华眼科杂志．2007．43：622-625）     

血清及房水中VEGF、IL-6水平与新生血管性青光眼的相关性研究

目的测定新生血管性青光眼（NVG）患者血清及房水中血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）的水平,探讨VEGF、IL-6在NVG发生发展中的作用。方法选取NVG患者20例（20只眼）作为实验组（A组）,原发性慢性闭角型青光眼患者（B组）、老年性白内障患者（C组）各20例（20只眼）作为对照组。采集3组患者血清及房水标本,通过双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA法）分别检测血清与房水中VEGF、IL-6的水平。结果 （1）A组房水中VEGF、IL-6的水平（1336.80±70.15）pg/ml、（691.15±50.09）pg/ml明显高于B组（311.60±31.06）pg/ml、（168.25±11.95）pg/ml和C组（165.75±13.95）pg/ml,（92.10±9.59）pg/ml,3组间两两比较,差异均具有统计学意义（F=4019.334,P〈0.01;F=2275.019,P〈0.01）。A组血清中VEGF、IL-6的水平（545.40±155.49）pg/ml、（291.35±22.66）pg/ml高于B组（321.15±52.57）pg/ml、（104.35±13.21）pg/ml和C组（176.30±20.38）pg/ml、（87.00±12.70）pg/ml,3组间两两比较,差异均具有统计学意义（F=75.940,P〈0.01;F=906.947,P〈0.01）。（2）A组房水中VEGF与IL-6的水平呈显著的正相关性,差异具有统计学意义（r=0.857,P〈0.01）。其余各组标本中无显著的相关性（P〉0.05）。结论 NVG患者房水及血清中VEGF、IL-6的水平明显高于对照组,且房水中二者水平呈明显正相关,提示在NVG病理机制过程中,VEGF、IL-6作为促血管生成因子,相互促进、相互影响,共同导致了NVG的发生和发展。     

新生血管性青光眼患者房水中血小板反应蛋白－1的表达及其与血管内皮生长因子相关关系的临床研究

目的检测新生血管性青光眼(NVG)与年龄相关性白内障患者房水中血小板反应蛋白－1(TSP－1)的表达情况,并分析NVG患者房水中的TSP－1与血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)的关系。 方法纳入30例(30只眼)NVG患者(NVG患者组)以及30例(30只眼)年龄相关性白内障患者(对照组)。所有NVG患者在行抗青光眼手术前抽取房水,同时在白内障手术时抽取年龄相关性白内障患者房水。采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测房水以及血液中TSP－1与VEGF的浓度。房水和血液中VEGF浓度和TSP－1浓度采用均数±标准差( ±s)表示,采用独立样本t检验进行组间比较。各细胞因子之间、细胞因子浓度与年龄、眼压之间的相关性用采用Spearman's相关分析。 结果NVG组患者房水中TSP－1浓度为(15.47±2.28) ng/ml,而对照组患者房水中TSP－1浓度为(2.28±1.59)ng/ml,NVG组患者房水中TSP－1浓度明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t＝12.70,P<0.05)。NVG组患者与对照组患者房水中VEGF浓度分别为(3355.81±2284.54)pg/ml及(262.68±125.66 )pg/ml,差异有统计学意义(t＝7.41,P<0.05)。NVG组患者血浆中TSP－1浓度为(0.65±0.27)ng/ml,对照组患者血浆中TSP－1浓度为(0.57±0.25)ng/ml,两组之间浓度相当,差异无统计学意义(t＝1.16,P>0.05)。NVG组患者的VEGF血浆浓度为(13.01±7.60)pg/ml,对照组患者的VEGF血浆浓度为(14.62±6.96)pg/ml。二者比较,差异无统计学意义(t＝－0.86,P>0.05)。NVG患者房水中TSP－1与VEGF浓度呈显著正相关(r＝0.479,P<0.05)。在NVG组中,不管是TSP－1因子还是VEGF,其房水中的浓度与血浆中的浓度均无显著相关性。同样,在对照组中,房水TSP－1浓度与血浆TSP－1浓度无相关性,且房水VEGF浓度与血浆VEGF浓度亦无相关性。 结论NVG患者房水中TSP－1与VEGF表达明显上调,明显上调的TSP－1与VEGF呈现显著正相关。     

Neovascular glaucoma following central retinal vein obstruction

The results of a prospective clinical and fluorescein angiographic study of 155 patients with central retinal vein obstruction (CRVO) were analyzed to identify risk factors contributing to the subsequent development of iris neovascularization (NVI) and neovascular glaucoma (NVG). Of 144 untreated eyes, 20% developed NVG. The eyes were classified as having either an ischemic or a hyperpermeable type of CRVO according to the extent of retinal capillary nonperfusion demonstrated by the initial fluorescein angiogram. The risk of developing NVG was found to be approximately 60% in those eyes with extensive retinal ischemia. None of the 22 eyes with an ischemic CRVO treated with panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) prior to the onset of NVI developed NVG.     

增生性糖尿病视网膜病变患者房水及血清IL-1β与IL-1Ra含量分析

目的 探索增生性糖尿病视网膜病变（proliferative diabetic retinopathy,PDR）患者房水及血清白介素1β（IL-1β）、白介素1受体拮抗剂（IL-1Ra）与血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）水平的变化及其意义。设计 前瞻性比较性病例系列。研究对象 36例PDR患者与26例非糖尿病白内障患者（对照组）。方法 采集患者外周血,并于白内障摘除术或玻璃体切除术中抽取未稀释的房水。采用免疫磁珠多重因子检测方法分析房水与血清中IL-1β、IL-1Ra、VEGF含量。比较两组细胞因子含量的差异。主要指标 房水与血清中IL-1β、IL-1Ra、VEGF含量。结果 PDR组房水中的IL-1β（6.7±4.3 pg/ml）和IL-1Ra（657.9 ± 445.6 pg/ml）含量均高于对照组（3.3±3.2 pg/ml和300.8 ± 368.0 pg/ml,P均=0.001）;血清中的IL-1β（7.6±4.6 pg/ml）和IL-1Ra（437.8±270.2 pg/ml）含量亦高于对照组（4.9±3.7 pg/ml和279.2±226.7 pg/ml,P均=0.02）。两组房水及血清中VEGF含量差异均无统计学意义。两组房水或血清中IL-1β含量均与各自同一样本中IL-1Ra的含量呈高度正相关。PDR组房水与血清中的IL-1β（r=0.50,P=0.003）、房水与血清中的IL-1Ra（r=0.66,P<0.001）含量均为正相关,但房水与血清中的VEGF含量之间无明显相关（r=-0.06,P=0.72）。结论 PDR患者房水与血清中炎症因子升高的同时伴随抗炎因子的代偿性增高。针对炎症反应的调控可能为DR的治疗开拓新的思路。血清中炎症因子与抗炎因子水平可能作为DR发生的生物标志物。（眼科,2021, 30： 449-452）     

新生血管性青光眼转化生长因子β2含量及其相关影响因素

目的 观察新生血管性青光眼(NVG)眼内房水和玻璃体液中转化生长因子(TGF)-β2总量和活化含量,并分析其相关影响因素.方法 前瞻性研究NVG患者54例(54只眼)房水和玻璃体液中总TGF-β2(tTGF-β2)和活化TGF-β2 (aTGF-β2)含量,其中视网膜中央静脉阻塞(CRVO)17只眼,糖尿病视网膜病变(...     

人高度近视眼房水中免疫因子含量的研究

目的 比较高度近视患者及正视眼患者房水中与胶原代谢相关,或与损伤巩膜胶原的眼部炎性疾病相关的免疫因子的表达情况,探讨房水中的免疫因子与高度近视的相关性。设计 前瞻性对照研究。研究对象2019年9~12月北京同仁眼科中心高度近视20例（实验组）和正视眼白内障20例（对照组）的房水标本。方法 将房水标本通过流式CBA法检测白介素-6（IL-6）、IL-10、转化生长因子-β1（TGF-β1）、碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（bFGF）、IL-1β的含量。比较两组间各因子含量的差异。主要指标 房水中IL-6,IL-10,TGF-β1,bFGF,IL-1β的含量。 结果 实验组和对照组患眼的房水中IL-6分别为（7.60±7.64）pg/ml和（30.02±43.02） pg/ml（t=-2.71,P<0.01）;IL-10分别为（1.00±0.91）pg/ml和（1.84±0.97） pg/ml（t=-2.29,P=0.02）;bFGF分别为（0.00±0.00）pg/ml和（0.56±1.20 ）pg/ml（t=-2.25,P=0.03）;TGF-β1分别为（6.52±10.75）pg/ml和（4.97±7.25）pg/ml（t=-0.43,P=0.67）;IL-1β分别为（2.50±2.14）pg/ml和（2.91±1.12）pg/ml（t=-0.72,P=0.47）。结论 高度近视患者房水中免疫因子表达与正视眼者存在差异,可能与高度近视发病原因相关。     

新生血管性青光眼患者眼内液血管 内皮生长因子的检测

目的了解新生血管性青光眼(neovascular glaucoma, NVG)患者房水及玻璃体中血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor, VEGF)的含量以及对虹膜新生血管发生的影响。方法应用酶联免疫吸附测定法(enzyme linked immu nosorbent assay, ELISA)分别对11例NVG患者行内眼手术时抽取的房水、玻璃体22个标本以及同期6例黄斑裂孔手术患者(对照组)房水、玻璃体12个标本进行VEGF检测。结果NVG患者房水、玻璃体中VEGF含量分别为(1.451±0.247)、(1.610±0.125) ng/ml,较对照组房水、玻璃体中的 VEGF含量(0.189±0.038)、(0.201±0.055) ng/ml明显增高, 两组间差别有非常显著性意义(t=12.007,P<0.001;t=26.057,P<0.001)。结论NVG患者房水、玻璃体中VEGF浓度显著增高,提示VEGF在NVG患者虹膜新生血管形成过程中可能具有一定作用。(中华眼底病杂志,2001,17:305-306)     

虹膜荧光素血管造影在虹膜新生血管诊断中的应用

目的 探讨虹膜荧光素血管造影(IFA)在缺血性视网膜中央静脉阻塞(CRVO)虹膜新生血管(NVI)诊断中的价值.方法 经荧光素眼底血管造影(FFA)检查确诊的CRVO患者51例51只眼纳入研究.所有患者均行视力、裂隙灯显微镜检查、眼前节彩色照相、眼压及FFA+IFA检查.根据FFA检查结果分为非缺血性和缺血性CRVO,分别为20、31只眼.非缺血性CRVO20只眼中,男性11只眼,女性9只眼;年龄41～59岁.缺血性CRVO31只眼中,男性21只眼,女性10只眼;年龄28～62岁.采用德国海德堡眼底荧光血管造影仪进行FFA+IFA检查,将典型图像存入计算机图像处理系统进行分析.对比观察裂隙灯显微镜和IFA NVI的检出率.缺血性CRVO31只眼均行全视网膜激光光凝(PRP)治疗,其中,完成治疗27只眼,未坚持完成治疗4只眼.完成治疗后6个月,随访观察NVI消退情况.结果 非缺血性CRVO20只眼裂隙灯显微镜检查瞳孔缘及虹膜未见新生血管,占100.0%;IFA检查虹膜未见显影,呈色素遮蔽荧光,占100.0%.缺血性CRVO31只眼中,裂隙灯显微镜检查显示瞳孔缘及虹膜有细小新生血管13只眼,占41.9%;IFA检查显示NVI 23只眼,占74.2%.2种检查方法NVI检出率比较,差异有统计学意义(Z=-3.425,P=0.001).IFA检查NVI分别表现为小团状、细线状或不规则交叉网状强荧光染色及渗漏.完成PRP治疗的27只眼IFA检查结果显示,瞳孔缘及虹膜表面未见荧光染色及渗漏;未坚持完成PRP治疗4只眼,1～2个月后出现新生血管性青光眼(NVG).结论 IFA可以提示眼前节的缺血状态,具有较高的特异性,辅助CRVO缺血型早期诊断,预测是否发展NVG.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate the application value of iris fluorescein angiography (IFA) in the diagnosis of ischemic center retinal vein occlusion (CRVO). Methods Fifty-one patients (51 eyes) with CRVO which had been diagnosed by fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) were studied. All patients underwent the examination of visual acuity, slit lamp biomicroscope, anterior segment color photography,intraocular pressure, FFA and IFA. The patients were classified as non-ischemic CRVO (20 eyes) and ischemic CRVO (31 eyes). The 20 non-ischemic CRVO patients included 11 males and nine females, aged from 41 to 59 years. The 31 ischemic CRVO patients included 21 males and 10 females, aged from 28 to 62 years. FFA and IFA were performed for all the patients using Heidelberg retina angiograph, and the classic pictures were analyzed by the computer image processing system. The detection rate of iris neovascularization (NVI) by slit lamp biomicroscope and IFA was analyzed. All ischemic CRVO eyes underwent panretinal photocoagulation (PRP), and PRP was completed in 27 eyes and not completed in four eyes. Six months after PRP the regression of iris NVI was followed up. Results All non-ischemic CRVO eyes (100. 0% ) had no neovascularization on papillary margin and iris by slit lamp biomicroscopy, and had no fluorescence (pigment blocked fluorescence) on IFA. Thirteen eyes (41.9%) and 23 eyes (74.2%) of the 31 ischemic eyes had NVI by slit lamp biomicroscope and IFA, respectively. The NVI detection rate of those two methods was statistically different (Z= - 3. 425, P = 0. 001 ). NVI showed strong fluorescence and leakage with variable patterns (small blocks, thin lines and irregular cross-links) by IFA. There was no fluorescence staining and leakage on papillary margin and iris in 27 eyes who completed the PRP, but the neovascular glaucoma (NVG) occurred in one eyes who discontinued the PRP treatment after one to two months. Conclusions IFA has a high specificity in CRVO which hints the ischemic state of anterior segment. It is helpful to the early diagnosis of ischemic CRVO and the turnover of NVG.     

Increased levels of transforming growth factor-betal and -beta2 in the aqueous humor of patients with neovascular glaucoma.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To measure the concentrations of transforming growth factor-betal and beta2 (TGF-beta1 and TGF-beta2) in the aqueous humor of patients with neovascular glaucoma (NVG). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients were divided into four groups: NVG secondary to central retinal vein occlusion (group 1), NVG secondary to proliferative diabetic retinopathy (group 2), central retinal vein occlusion without rubeosis (group 3), and senile cataract (group 4). The total TGF-beta 1 and TGF-beta2 concentrations in the aqueous humor of the four groups were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: The mean concentrations of total TGF-betal were 600.7 +/-436.7 microg/mL in group 1, 802.0 +/-359.5 pg/mL in group 2, and undetectable in groups 3 and group 4 (P < .05). The mean concentrations of total TGF-beta2 were 6,307.9+/- 2,206.2 microg/mL in group 1, 5,908.0+/-2,033.2 microg/mL in group 2, 899.7+/- 425.6 microg/mL in group 3, and 385.7 +/-89.9 microg/mL in group 4. The total TGF-betal and TGF-beta2 concentrations in groups 1 and 2 were significantly higher than those in groups 3 and 4, whereas the total TGF-beta2 concentration in group 3 was significantly higher than that in group 4 (P < .05). There was no significant difference in the TGF-betal or TGF-beta2 concentrations between groups 1 and 2 (P> .05). CONCLUSIONS: The abnormally high concentrations of TGF-betal and TGF-beta2 in the aqueous humor of patients with NVG may explain some aspects of the pathogenesis of NVG and the high failure rate of filtering operations in NVG.     

Pathogenesis of macular edema with branch retinal vein occlusion and intraocular levels of vascular endothelial growth factor and interleukin-6

PURPOSE: To determine whether correlations between vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) or interleukin-6 (IL-6) contribute to the pathogenesis of macular edema in eyes of patients with branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO). DESIGN: Retrospective case-control study. METHODS: Nineteen patients with macular edema with BRVO and seven patients with non-ischemic ocular disease (control group) were studied. The degree of retinal ischemia was evaluated in terms of the area of capillary non-perfusion, and the severity of macular edema was examined by optical coherence tomography. Aqueous humor samples were obtained at the time of combined vitrectomy and cataract surgery, and VEGF and IL-6 levels in aqueous humor and plasma were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: Aqueous levels of VEGF (351 +/- 273 pg/ml) and IL-6 (7.10 +/- 6.51 pg/ml) were significantly elevated in patients with BRVO compared with the control patients (119 +/- 38.7 pg/ml and 2.27 +/- 1.11 pg/ml, respectively) (P = .0017 and P = .0052, respectively). Aqueous level of VEGF was significantly correlated with that of IL-6 (P = .0396), and aqueous levels of VEGF and IL-6 were correlated with the size of the BRVO non-perfused area (P < .0001 and P = .0331, respectively). Aqueous level of VEGF was correlated with the severity of macular edema (P = .0306). CONCLUSIONS: VEGF and IL-6 may be involved in the pathogenesis of macular edema with BRVO. The increase in these cytokines might be used as a unique index of BRVO, through which we can determine the severity of the ischemic condition as being in a quiescent state or an exacerbation of macular edema.     

糖尿病视网膜病变患者房水VEGF和IL-6水平的测定及其临床意义

目的 探讨糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)程度与房水中血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)和白细胞介素-6(IL-6)含量之间的关系.方法 采用双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附(EIISA)法,测定88例房水中VEGF和IL-6的含量,根据散瞳眼底检查和眼底荧光素血管造影检查后,实验组分为:无糖尿病视网膜病变组(NDR)21例、单纯型糖尿病性视...     

白细胞介素2在铁粉诱发早期眼内炎性反应中的作用

目的探讨白细胞介素2(IL2)在铁粉诱发早期眼内炎性反应中的作用。方法将新西兰雄性白兔12只,随机均分为对照组、晶状体内铁粉异物组、晶状体内铁性异物+前房注射水溶性细胞白介素2受体(SIL2R)组,每组8只眼。分别于手术后3、5、7、10d,对各组兔眼的前房炎性反应进行观察,测定各组家兔眼房水中的IL2水平并对3组家兔眼做组织切片,进行HE染色和铁染色。并对各组结果进行比较。结果晶状体内铁性异物+前房注射SIL2R组术后前房炎性反应明显轻于晶状体内铁粉异物组;晶状体内铁性异物+前房注射SIL2R组前房水IL2含量明显低于晶状体内铁粉异物组(P<001);晶状体内铁性异物+前房注射SIL2R组前囊膜下胶原纤维板紊乱程度、铁锈范围均轻于晶状体内铁粉异物组。结论IL2在眼球内铁性异物诱发的眼内早期炎性反应中起重要作用,前房水中的IL2的含量与前房的炎性反应强度明显相关,阻断IL2的作用可减轻铁锈引起的眼内早期炎性反应的程度。     

Efficacy of Panretinal Photocoagulation in Preventing Neovascular Glaucoma Following Ischemic Central Retinal Vein Obstruction

Ninety-three percent of eyes that develop neovascular glaucoma (NVG) following central retinal vein obstruction (CRVO) have an ischemic index greater than 50%. An ischemic index (percentage of retinal capillary nonperfusion) of 50% represents approximately 10 disc areas of retinal ischemia as determined by computer analysis of standard 30° fluorescein angiograms. The difficulties of following patients clinically and angiographically at frequent intervals over extended periods of time, and the tendency for iris neovascularization (NVI) to develop and to progress rapidly to NVG with painful loss of vision emphasizes the importance of early recognition and treatment of high-risk eyes. In this prospective study (1976–81), 100 consecutive eyes with an ischemic CRVO pattern (average ischemic index 82%) received early argon laser panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) and none developed NVG unless another ischemic event occurred following treatment. Prophylactic PRP in high-risk ischemic CRVO eyes appears to eliminate virtually the devastating complications of NVG.     

雷帕霉素缓释片防治兔高危角膜移植免疫排斥反应和新生血管增殖的研究

目的探讨雷帕霉素(RAPA)缓释片防治兔高危角膜移植术后免疫排斥反应和角膜新生血管增殖的疗效及其作用机制。方法RAPA缓释片制作:RAPA与载体乙交酯-丙交酯-己内酯三元共聚物(PGLC)制成RAPA缓释片(W/W=50/50),每粒缓释片含RAPA0·5mg。65只健康新西兰大白兔,其中45只兔(45只眼)采用缝线法诱导角膜新生血管生成,选择大于3个象限、新生血管长入角膜超过3mm的40只兔按照随机数字表法分为对照组(A组)、1mgPGLC载体前房植入组(B组)、1%RAPA滴眼液组(C组)及0·5mgRAPA缓释片前房植入组(D组),每组10只兔;余20只兔为供体。对4组兔行右眼同种异体穿透性角膜移植术,术后观察90d,记录排斥指数(RI,为植片水肿、混浊及血管长入评分合计)和新生血管指数(NI,为血管长入植片评分)。定期检测C、D组兔房水中RAPA浓度;术后3周,原位杂交法对4组兔角膜植片中白细胞介素(IL)-2R、单核细胞化学吸引蛋白质(MCP)-1、Fas/FasL进行检测,采用免疫组化法对肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)α和血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF)进行检测。术后90d,病理组织学检查视网膜、肝肾结构变化。结果(1)免疫排斥:A、B、C及D组兔发生免疫排斥反应的平均时间分别为(16·5±2·5)、(16·0±2·6)、(47·1±13·2)、(87·6±5·8)d(P=0·000)。术后2周,4组兔植片RI分别为4·9±2·2、3·9±0·9、0·8±0·4、0·3±0·6(P=0·000)。术后12周分别为10·4±0·8、10·0±0·0、7·2±2·2、2·0±3·3(P=0·000)。(2)角膜新生血管:术后2周,4组NI数分别为2·4±0·7、2·1±0·5、0·6±0·5、0·3±0·5(P=0·000)。术后12周分别为3·8±0·5、3·8±0·4、0·8±0·7、0·4±0·8(P=0·000)。(3)房水中RAPA浓度:术后第2、4、8、12周,D组房水中RAPA浓度分别10·7、12·0、9·2、7·0ng/ml,C组房水中RAPA浓度检测不出。(4)细胞因子表达:A、B组植片大量表达IL-2R、MCP-1、TNF-α、VEGF细胞因子,C、D组不表达上述细胞因子,4组植片中Fas/FasL均不表达。(5)组织病理:4组兔视网膜、肝肾组织结构正常。结论局部应用RAPA可以防治兔高危角膜移植术后免疫排斥反应和角膜新生血管增殖,RAPA缓释片疗效优于滴眼液。     

Comparison of healing patterns of different side-cut angulations after FS-LASIK

AIM: To investigate and evaluate healing patterns around flaps made with different side-cut angulations after femtosecond laser in situ keratomileusis(FS-LASIK).METHODS: Thirty-four patients(68 eyes) received a 90° side-cut(n=34) or a 120° side-cut flaps(n=34) made with a femtosecond laser. One day, 1 wk, 1 and 3 mo postoperatively, side-cut scar was evaluated under slit-lamp photography according to a new grading system(Grade 0=transparent scar, 1=faint healing opacity, and 2=evident healing opacity). In vivo corneal confocal microscopy and anterior segment optical coherence tomography(AS-OCT) were used to observe wound-healing patterns around flap margin in the two groups. Sirius Scheimpflug Analyzer was also used to analyze higher order aberrations 3 mo after surgery.RESULTS: There were no significant differences in flap wound-healing patterns at each follow up between the two groups(P>0.05). Three months after surgery, the flap edge scar classified as Grade 0 had excellent apposition and rapid nerve regeneration. At 3 mm and 5 mm pupil diameters, there were significant differences in trefoil aberrations between the two groups(P<0.05), but no statistically significant differences were found in total higher order aberrations(HOAs), spherical aberrations or coma in any of the pupil size conditions(P>0.05).CONCLUSION: Flap edge scars classified as Grade 0 have excellent apposition and rapid nerve regeneration, and 120° side-cut angle flaps induce less trefoil aberrations after FS-LASIK.