中国HIV-1 CRF01_AE流行株结构基因和调节/辅助基因DNA疫苗的构建和免疫原性研究

目的 构建表达gag-env融合基因和tat-rev-integrase(c-holf)-vif-nef融合基因的DNA疫苗,并评价其免疫原性.方法 按人源密码子使用频率对AE2f株的gag、env、tat、rev、integrase、vif和nef基因序列进行优化,构建真核表达质粒.用Western blot法验证体外表达情况;用ELISPOT法检测小鼠的细胞免疫反应.结果 限制性酶切及DNA测序结果表明两个融合基因质粒构建正确,可以表达相应的融合蛋白.ELISPOT结果显示,Gag-Env特异性的T细胞反应强度为(3010±566)SFC/10~6脾细胞;Tat-Rev-Integrase(C-half)-Vif-Nef融合蛋白特异性的T细胞反应为(948±737)SFC/10~6脾细胞,均显著高于空载体组.结论 构建的表达HIV-1 CRF01_AE流行株gag-env融合基因和tat-rev-integrase(c-half)-vif-nef融合基因的DNA疫苗可以正确表达所编码的融合蛋白并有效地激活机体的T细胞免疫反应.     

表达HIV-1 B亚型env基因的质粒DNA及腺病毒载体疫苗的免疫原性研究

目的 构建表达中国B亚型HIV-1流行株env基因的DNA及重组腺病毒载体疫苗,将其用于预防或治疗HIV感染.方法 构建质粒DNA疫苗pVR-gp160及重组腺病毒载体疫苗rAdV-gp160.将这两种疫苗以不同的方式免疫BALB/c小鼠,分别采用ELISPOT方法 和ELISA方法 检测免疫小鼠中HIV-1 Gp120特异性细胞免疫反应及抗体反应.结果 DNA疫苗单独免疫及DNA疫苗初免/腺病毒疫苗加强免疫的联合免疫方案皆可诱导较高水平的Gp120特异性细胞免疫反应;而在体液免疫方面,各实验组产生的Gp120特异性抗体水平都较低.结论 所构建的DNA疫苗及rAdV疫苗能有效表达Gp160蛋白,并可有效激活机体的细胞免疫反应.     

HIV-2 gag rFPV与rDNA疫苗的联合免疫研究

目的 探讨HIV-2核心蛋白基因gag重组DNA疫苗与重组鸡痘病毒进行联合免疫引起小鼠的免疫应答，为研究HIV-2基因重组疫苗的免疫策略提供实验基础。方法 大量制备并纯化HIV-2 gag重组DNA疫苗和重组鸡痘病毒，以肌肉注射的方式免疫BALB／c小鼠，ELISA法检测小鼠血清HIV-2抗体，流式细胞仪测定CD4^＋、CD8^＋T淋巴细胞亚类数量，乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）释放法检测脾CTL对HIV-2靶细胞的杀伤活性。结果 重组DNA疫苗和重组鸡痘病毒单独免疫及二者联合免疫均刺激小鼠产生HIV-2特异性抗体，脾T细胞亚类数量增加，并产生针对HIV-2靶细胞的特异性CTL杀伤活性，但联合免疫组在各项指标上均高于单独免疫组。结论 以HIV-2gag重组DNA疫苗进行基础免疫、以HIV-2gag重组鸡痘病毒进行加强免疫能诱导小鼠产生更强的特异性细胞和体液免疫应答。     

体内电穿孔在质粒介导的基因转移及DNA免疫中的应用

目的 研究体内电穿孔技术对于质粒DNA介导的体内基因表达以及HIV-1 Env DNA疫苗免疫效果的影响.方法 将携带荧光素酶Luciferase基因的表达质粒p1.0-Luc和携带HIV-1 CN54 env基因的DNA疫苗质粒p1.0-gp1455m通过单独肌肉注射或肌肉注射后加电穿孔两种不同方法 注射小鼠.用IVIS(R)活体成像系统实时检测Luciferase报告基因在体内的表达情况.用ELISA检测HIV-1 Env特异的抗体反应,用IFN-γ ELISPOT检测HIV-1 Env特异的T细胞免疫反应.结果 体内电穿孔技术可以显著提高Luciferase在小鼠体内的表达水平,幅度达35倍.HIV-1 Env DNA疫苗免疫结果 显示,8μg质粒剂量电穿孔途径诱导的体液和细胞免疫应答强于40μg质粒剂量单纯肌肉注射组;体内电穿孔途径免疫2次与单纯肌肉注射途径免疫3次诱导的体液和细胞免疫应答水平相当.结论 体内电穿孔技术可以大幅度提高报告基因在体内的表达水平和DNA疫苗的免疫应答.     

IL-18和HIV-1 gag-gp120嵌合基因DNA疫苗联合免疫小鼠的免疫应答

目的 :探讨IL 18和HIV 1gag gp12 0嵌合基因的DNA疫苗联合免疫小鼠的免疫应答。方法 :构建含IL 18的真核表达质粒pVAXIL18,将他与表达HIV 1gag gp12 0嵌合基因的核酸疫苗质粒pVAXGE共同肌注免疫BALB/c小鼠 ,检测免疫小鼠脾特异性CTL杀伤活性和血清抗体滴度。结果 :联合免疫组小鼠脾特异性CTL杀伤活性和血清抗体水平均显著高于单独免疫组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,空白质粒对照组 (P <0 .0 1)和PBS对照组 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :IL 18和HIV 1gag gp12 0嵌合基因的DNA疫苗联合免疫可诱导小鼠产生特异性细胞和体液免疫 ,且IL 18发挥了免疫佐剂的作用。     

三个不同亚型HIV-1调节/辅助基因DNA疫苗的构建和免疫原性研究

目的 构建表达中国主要流行亚型HIV-1 tat-rev-integrase(c-half)-vif-nef(TRIVN)融合基因的DNA疫苗,并比较其免疫原性.方法 按人源密码子使用频率对HIV-1 CN54(B'/C重组亚型)与RL42(B'亚型)的tat、rev、integrase(C端144个氨基酸)、vif和nef基因序列进行优化,构建DNA疫苗.通过Western blot测定上述DNA疫苗与HIV-1 AE2f株来源的tat-rev-integrase(c-half)-vifnef融合基因DNA疫苗的体外表达效率;利用小鼠模型比较3个DNA疫苗单独免疫与混合免疫的免疫原性特征.结果 限制性酶切及DNA测序结果表明两个融合基因重组质粒构建正确;Western blot 检测结果显示:3个DNA疫苗的体外表达效率基本相当.小鼠免疫后ELISPOT检测结果显示:在总T细胞反应强度方面AE2f-TRIVN最强[(948.0±330.0)SFCs/106脾细胞],次之为混合DNA免疫组(500.0±155.0 SFCs/106脾细胞),再者为RL42-TRIVN[(195.1±44.0)SFCs/106脾细胞],CN54-TRIVN最弱[(89.5±17.0)SFCs/106脾细胞].T细胞反应分布情况显示:3个DNA疫苗单独免疫时,T细胞反应主要集中在Integrase和Vif蛋白上;而混合免疫可以部分改善针对Nef蛋白的免疫识别.结论 3个亚型TRIVN DNA疫苗中以AE2f-TRIVN的免疫原性最强;DNA疫苗混合免疫倾向于促进特异性T细胞反应在TRIVN融合抗原上的均匀分布.

Abstract：

0bjective To determine the immunogenicities of DNA vaccines expressing tat-rev-integrase(c-half)-vif-neffusion genes(TRIVN) derived from prevalent B', B'/C and AE recombinant subtypes of HIV-1 in China. Methods Two DNA vaccines were constructed by inserting the codon optimized tat-revintegrase(c-half)-vif-nef fusion genes derived from B' and B'/C subtype of HIV-1 into mammalian expression vector pSVI. 0. DNA vaccine containing tat-rev-integrase (c-half)-vif-nef fusion gene derived from HIV-1AE2f has been constructed previously. In vitro expression efficiencies of three DNA vaccines were determined by Western blot and their immunogenicities were compared by immunizing female BALB/c mice. IFN-γ ELISPOT assay was used to read out the specific T cell immunity. Results The constructed DNA vaccines were validated by restriction enzyme digestion and DNA sequencing. Western blot assay showed three constructed DNA vaccines could be expressed at a comparable level in vitro. After vaccination, AE-TRIVN mounted T cell immune responses at (948.0 ± 330.0) SFCs/106 splenocytes, followed by the mixed DNA vaccine[ (500.0 ± 155.0) SFCs/106 splenocytes ], RL-TRIVN r[ ( 195. 1 ± 44.0) SFCs/106 splenocytes ]and CN-TRIVN [ (89.5 ± 17.0) SFCs/106 splenocytes]. Interestingly, we observed that single DNA vaccination induced specific T cell responses predominantly targeting Integrase (C-half) and Vif, whereas the mixed DNA could significantly improve T cell responses against Nef. Conclusion AE-TRIVN was the most immunogenic among the three DNA vaccines and the mixed DNA vaccination could change the immunogenic hierarchy of T cell epitopes across the fusion genes vaccine.     

HIV DNA疫苗与重组腺病毒伴随病毒联合免疫效果的研究

目的 构建含HIV-1B亚型中国株gagV3基因的DNA疫苗及重组腺病毒伴随病毒(rAAV)疫苗，并研究DNA疫苗和rAAV联合免疫的免疫效果。方法 将HIV-1B亚型中国株gagV3基因克隆入真核表达载体pCI-neo上，构建了含HIV-1 gagV3基因的DNA疫苗pCI-gagV3。采用电击法将pCI-gagV3质粒转染p815细胞，用G418压力筛选，得到转入重组质粒的细胞系p815-gagV3，用免疫酶法检测细胞系中HIV-1基因的表达。用该DNA疫苗进行小鼠免疫实验，检测免疫效果；用该DNA疫苗初次免疫，含同样gagV3基因的重组腺病毒伴随病毒rAAV-gagV3加强免疫，采用免疫酶法检测免疫小鼠血清中HIV-1特异性的抗体水平，用乳酸脱氢酶法检测免疫小鼠的HIV-1特异性CTL水平。结果 pCI-gagV3可以在p815细胞中表达HIV-1的基因，免疫BALB／c小鼠后可以在小鼠体内诱发HIV-1特异性的细胞和体液免疫反应。HIV-1特异性抗体滴度为1：20；效靶比为50：1时，CTL平均杀伤率为41．7％。pCI-gagV3与rAAV-gagV3联合免疫并不能明显提高抗体水平，但可以提高CTL反应，效靶比为50：1时，CTL平均杀伤率为61.3％，高于单独用DNA疫苗或重组AAV疫苗免疫后产生的CTL活性。结论 DNA疫苗与重组腺病毒伴随病毒联合免疫可以提高免疫小鼠产生的HIV-1特异性CTL反应。     

表达HIV-1 gag-gp120嵌合基因的DNA疫苗在小鼠体内的免疫应答

目的 :检测表达HIV 1gag gp12 0嵌合基因的DNA疫苗在小鼠体内的免疫应答效果。方法 :将真核表达质粒pVAXGE肌肉注射BALB C小鼠 ,观察免疫小鼠脾T淋巴细胞亚群的数量、特异性CTL杀伤率及小鼠免疫后不同时间点血清中IgG抗体滴度。结果 :重组质粒pVAXGE免疫组小鼠脾淋巴细胞进行了增殖 ,脾特异性CTL杀伤率显著高于对照组 (P <0 0 1) ;小鼠免疫后于第 8周血清抗体达到最高。结论 :表达HIV 1gag gp12 0嵌合基因的DNA疫苗质粒可诱导BALB C小鼠发生免疫应答     

HIV-1C亚型nef基因构建的DNA质粒诱导小鼠免疫反应的研究

目的构建表达中国流行株HIV-1C亚型调控nef基因的重组质粒pVAX-nef，并免疫BALB／c小鼠，观察其免疫效果，为探索新型HIV DNA疫苗提供数据。方法利用分子生物学技术，将nef基因克隆到pVAX，并在体外进行表达与鉴定。以纯化的Nef蛋白作为包被抗原，用ELISA检测其体液免疫反应，用ELISPOT检测其细胞免疫反应。结果重组质粒pVAX-nef成功构建。接种小鼠后2周，ELISPOT结果显示产生了针对HIV特异的CD4和CD8细胞抗原表位的免疫应答，且与免疫剂量存在一定的正相关性。ELISA实验诱导产生了抗HIV-1特异性抗体，其中40μg免疫组诱导的抗体水平最高。结论重组质粒pVAX-nef免疫小鼠后可有效地诱导机体产生细胞免疫和体液免疫反应。     

塞姆利基森林病毒翻译增强序列对HIV Gag DNA疫苗抗原表达和免疫原性的调节

目的 研究塞姆利基森林病毒（Semliki forest virus，SFV）衣壳蛋白5’翻译增强区对基于该病毒复制子的HIV Gag DNA疫苗抗原表达水平和免疫原性的影响：方法将SFV衣壳蛋白（capsid，C蛋白）基因的5’端102bp翻译增强区插入到SFT复制子DNA疫苗载体pCMV-Rep的SFV亚基因启动子下游，得到DNA疫苗载体pCMV-RepC。将删除ATG的HIV-1 gag基因插入pCMV-RepC，使gag编码区与翻详增强区融合，得到DNA疫苗质粒pCMV-RepC-gag。同时，构建携带未融合翻译增强序列的DNA疫苗质粒pCMV-Rep-gag。Western blot检测翻译增强序列对Gag表达水平的影响。用上述两种DNA疫苗分别免疫BALB／c雌性小鼠，ELISA检测Gag特片的抗体反应，ELISPOT和细胞内因子染色技术检测细胞免疫应答。结果衣壳蛋白5’翻译增强区增强了Gag表达水平，对体液免疫应答没有显著影响，但显著增强了特异性细胞免疫应答水平。结论SFVC蛋白翻译增强区能显著提高SFV复制子DNA疫苗的抗原表达和抗原特异性细胞免疫反心。     

不同基因融合方式对HIV-1AE2f Tat、Rev和Nef蛋白免疫原性的影响

目的 构建表达HIV-1 AE2f gp145-tat-rev-nef融合基因的DNA疫苗,并比较gp145-tat-rev-nef(AE-Gp145TRN)和tat-rev-integrase(c-half)(AE-TRIVN)两种不同基因融合方式对Tat、Rev和Nef蛋白免疫原性的影响.方法 按人源密码子使用频率对HIV-1 AE2f的gp145、tat、rev和nef基因序列进行优化并构建DNA疫苗.经Western blot进行体外表达检测后,利用小鼠模型比较AE-Gp145TRN与AE-TRIVN的免疫原性.结果 限制性酶切及DNA测序结果表明AE-Gp145TRN融合基因表达重组质粒构建正确;Western blot结果显示其能够在体外表达相应的融合蛋白.小鼠免疫后IFN-γ ELISPOT检测结果显示:AE-TRIVN所活化的针对Tat、Rev和Nef蛋白的总T细胞反应强度[(148±91)SFCs/106脾细胞]显著高于Gp145TRN[(55±28)SFCs/106脾细胞,P=0.017].T细胞反应分布情况显示:AE-TRIVN所活化的T细胞反应主要集中在Rev蛋白上;而Gp145TRN则可以显著提高对Nef蛋白的免疫识别.结论 AE-TRIVN与Gp145TRN在小鼠体内所活化的T细胞反应特征有明显区别,提示不同的抗原融合方式可能影响融合基因DNA疫苗的免疫结果.

Abstract：

Objective To construct DNA vaccine expressing HIV-1 AE2f gp145-tat-rev-nef fusion gene( AE-Gp145TRN) and to compare the immunogenicities of DNA vaccines expressing Tat, Rev and Nef in gene fusion formulations of tat-rev-integrase(c-half)-vif-nef( AE-TRIVN) and AE-Gpl45TRN. Methods DNA vaccine was constructed by inserting the codon optimized HIV-1 AE2( gp145-tat-rev-nef fusion gene into mammalian expression DNA vector. In vitro expression efficiency of the constructed DNA vaccine was determined by Western blot and the immunogenicities of AE-Gpl45TRN and AE-TRIVN were compared by immunizing female BALB/c mice. IFN-r ELISPOT assay was used to read out the specific T cell immunity. Results Western blot assay showed the constructed DNA vaccine could be expressed efficiently in vitro. After vaccination, AE-TRIVN mounted significantly higher T cell responses against Tat, Rev and Nef[(148±91)SFCs/106 splenocytes]than Gpl45TRN[(55±28) SFCs/106 splenocytes]. Specific T cell responses elicited by AE-TRIVN predominantly targeting Rev, whereas Gpl45TRN could significantly enhance T cell responses against Nef. Conclusion AE-TRIVN and Gpl45TRN induced distinct T cell response modalities, which implied different gene fusion formulations may affect the immunogenicity of specific DNA vaccines.     

Enhanced cellular immune response elicited by a DNA vaccine fused with Ub against Mycobacterium tuberculosis

This study evaluated the immune response elicited by a Ub-fused Ag85A DNA vaccine against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. BALB/c mice were vaccinated with plasmid DNA encoding Ag85A protein, Ub-fused Ag85A DNA vaccine (UbGR-Ag85A) and negative DNA vaccines, respectively. Ag85A DNA vaccine immunization induced a Th(l)-polarized immune response. The production of Th(l)-type cytokine (IFN-γ) and proliferative T cell responses was enhanced significantly in mice immunized with UbGR-Ag85A fusion DNA vaccine, compared with non-fusion DNA vaccine. Moreover, this fusion DNA vaccine also resulted in an increased relative ratio of IgG(2a) to IgG(l) and the cytotoxicity of T cells. IFN-γ intracellular staining of splenocytes indicated that UbGR-Ag85A fusion DNA vaccine activated CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells, particularly CD8(+) T cells. Thus, this study demonstrated that the UbGR-Ag85A fusion DNA vaccine inoculation could improve antigen-specific cellular immune responses, which is helpful for protection against TB infection.     

结核杆菌Hsp65与EGFP融合基因的构建及DC疫苗的制备

目的: 构建结核杆菌H37Rv株Hsp65与增强型绿色荧光蛋白 (EGFP)的融合基因pEGHsp65, 并以其转染小鼠的树突状细胞 (DC), 制备抗结核的DC疫苗。方法: 采用PCR技术, 从培养的结核杆菌H37Rv株中抽提Hsp65基因,克隆到含有EGFP基因的质粒pEGFP- C1中, 构建pEGHsp65融合基因。以其转染Hela细胞, 在共聚焦激光扫描荧光显微镜下观测不同时间荧光表达的强弱, 并用RT- PCR检测Hsp65mRNA的表达。以pEGHsp65融合基因转染小鼠骨髓细胞经GM- CSF和IL -4诱导分化的DC, 用MTT比色法检测DC疫苗刺激未致敏脾细胞的增殖。结果: 用EcoRⅠ和BglⅡ双酶切鉴定证实, H37Rv株Hsp65DNA已插入重组表达载体pEG -FP- C1中。将融合基因转染入Hela细胞, 48h转染率最高;用RT- PCR在mRNA水平上可检测到Hsp65mRNA的表达。用MTT比色法检测表明, 融合基因转染的DC能激活并引起未致敏的脾细胞增殖。结论: 成功地构建pEGHsp65融合基因和以其制备的DC疫苗, 为进一步观察其治疗结核病的效应奠定了基础。     

DNA vaccine encoding human immunodeficiency virus-1 Gag, targeted to the major histocompatibility complex II compartment by lysosomal-associated membrane protein, elicits enhanced long-term memory response

Antigen presentation by major histocompatibility complex type II (MHC II) molecules and activation of CD4+ helper T cells are critical for the generation of immunological memory. We previously described a DNA vaccine encoding human immunodeficiency virus-1 p55Gag as a chimera with the lysosome-associated membrane protein (LAMP/gag). The LAMP/gag chimera protein traffics to the MHC II compartment of transfected cells and elicits enhanced immune responses as compared to a DNA vaccine encoding native gag not targeted to the MHC II compartment. We have now investigated the long-term responses of immunized mice and show that the LAMP/gag DNA vaccine promotes long-lasting B cell- and CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell memory responses induced by DNA encoding non-targeted Gag decay rapidly and elicit very low or undetectable levels of gag DNA is sufficient to generate T-cell memory. Following this initial priming immunization with LAMP/gag DNA, booster immunizations with native gag DNA or the LAMP/gag chimera are equally efficient in eliciting B- and T-cell secondary responses, results in accordance with observations that secondary expansion of CD8+ cells in the boost phase does not require additional CD4+ help. These findings underscore the significance of targeting DNA-encoded vaccine antigens to the MHC II processing compartments for induction of long-term immunological memory.     

HIV-2 DNA疫苗免疫小鼠的免疫反应观察

目的：用构建的HIV－2外膜蛋白gp105和核心蛋白gag基因的DNA疫苗免疫小鼠，评价其免疫效果。方法：将HIV－2型gp 105和gag基因克隆到表达载体pIRES1neo中，构建重组DNA疫苗质粒。间接免疫荧光试验证明，构建的DNA疫苗在真核细胞中表达了gp105或／和gag.构建的疫苗免疫小鼠后，用流式细胞仪测定CD4^ 、CD8^ T淋巴细胞亚类数，并用HIV－2抗体ELISA检测试剂盒检测免疫鼠血清中抗HIV－2抗体水平。结果：构建了3种HIV－2 DNA疫苗pIRES1gag、pIRSE1gp105和pIRES1gag-gp105，转染BHK细胞后均能表达抗原蛋白，免疫小鼠后可有效地刺激淋巴细胞增殖并诱导产生抗HIV－2特异性抗体，其中pIRES1gag-gp105免疫鼠中，淋巴细胞增殖最显著，而pIRES1gp105免疫鼠中HIV－2特异性抗体水平最高。结论：构建的DNA疫苗均能诱导机体产生免疫反应，其中pIRES1gp105诱导的体液免疫应答最显著，而pIRES1gag-gp105 诱导的细胞免疫响应最显著。     

Cross-clade CD8 T-cell responses to HIV(IIIB) and Chinese B' and C/B' viruses in North American and Chinese HIV-seropositive donors

HIV variation presents an obstacle to a global AIDS vaccine. Viral diversity and host variations in MHC expression both affect vaccine responses. Whether CD8 T cells from HIV-infected donors in 1 part of the world cross-recognize isolates from other regions will provide guidance about whether country-specific vaccines are needed. We compared recognition of HIV(IIIB) and representative B' (Thai B) and recombinant C/B' virus strains endemic in China by CD8 T cells from 7 HIV-infected North American donors and 4 Chinese donors. IFN-gamma production in response to HIV(IIIB) or the Chinese viruses was comparable. Although 1.6 +/- 0.8% of American donor CD8 T cells produced IFN-gamma above the background level in response to IIIB virus, 1.5 +/- 0.8% responded to B' virus, and 1.4 +/- 0.7% responded to C/B' virus. Responses to adherent cells infected with vaccinia viruses expressing B' and C/B' virus gag and env were also comparable in magnitude with responses to IIIB virus. Cytolysis of CD4 T cells infected with B' virus was comparable with lysis of cells infected with IIIB virus, but lysis of the more divergent C/B' virus was somewhat reduced. T cells, selected for IFN-gamma production to IIIB virus, also efficiently lysed cells infected with Chinese viruses. Therefore, cross-clade CD8 T-cell responses to IIIB virus and prevalent Chinese viral strains are common.     

中国流行株HIV—1gag和hIL—2／hIL—6核酸疫苗构建与实验免疫研究

目的 探讨中国流行株ＨＩＶ－１ｇａｇ与ｈＩＬ－２／ｈＩＬ－６共表达重组核酸疫苗闰的免疫效果。方法 以核酸疫苗质粒ｐＩＲＥＳ１ｎｅｏ为表达载体,构建重组核酸疫苗质料ｐＩＲＥＳ１－ｇａｇ、ｐＩＲＥＳ１－ｇａｇ－ｈＩＬ－２、ｐＩＲＥＳ１－ｇａｇ－ｈＩＬ－６,通过间接免疫荧光试验、Ｄｏｔ－ＥＬＩＳＡ检测ｇａｇ／ｈＩＬ－２／ｈＩＬ－６基因的表达产物。另将此重组核酸疫苗质粒免疫Ｂａｌｂ／ｃ小鼠,进行淋巴细胞转化试验、ＣＤ４＾＋、ＣＤ８＾＋Ｔ淋巴细胞数量测定、细胞毒性Ｔ淋巴细胞（ＣＴＬ）特异性杀伤作用检测及血清抗体检测,结果 构建的重组质粒转染ＢＨＫ细胞后可表达目的基因,免疫小鼠后可有效地刺激淋巴细胞增殖、诱导特异性ＣＴＬ反应,当和ｈＩＬ－２／ｈＩＬ－６共表达时免疫效果更加显著。讨论 与Ｇａｇ蛋白共表达的ｈＩＬ－２／ｈＩＬ－     

Properties of a herpes simplex virus multiple immediate-early gene-deleted recombinant as a vaccine vector

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) recombinants induce durable immune responses in rhesus macaques and mice and have induced partial protection in rhesus macaques against mucosal challenge with virulent simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). In this study, we evaluated the properties of a new generation HSV vaccine vector, an HSV-1 multiple immediate-early (IE) gene deletion mutant virus, d106, which contains deletions in the ICP4, ICP27, ICP22, and ICP47 genes. Because several of the HSV IE genes have been implicated in immune evasion, inactivation of the genes encoding these proteins was expected to result in enhanced immunogenicity. The d106 virus expresses few HSV gene products and shows minimal cytopathic effect in cultured cells. When d106 was inoculated into mice, viral DNA accumulated at high levels in draining lymph nodes, consistent with an ability to transduce dendritic cells and activate their maturation and movement to lymph nodes. A d106 recombinant expressing Escherichia coli beta-galactosidase induced durable beta-gal-specific IgG and CD8(+) T cell responses in naive and HSV-immune mice. Finally, d106-based recombinants have been constructed that express simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) gag, env, or a rev-tat-nef fusion protein for several days in cultured cells. Thus, d106 shows many of the properties desirable in a vaccine vector: limited expression of HSV gene products and cytopathogenicity, high level expression of transgenes, ability to induce durable immune responses, and an ability to transduce dendritic cells and induce their maturation and migration to lymph nodes.