腹腔镜与剖腹手术治疗早期子宫颈癌37例临床分析

目的　探讨腹腔镜手术治疗早期子宫颈癌的价值。　方法　对 18例临床Ⅰb～Ⅱa 期宫颈癌施行腹腔镜下广泛全子宫切除和盆腔淋巴结清扫术 (腹腔镜组 ) ,其中Ⅰb 期 17例 ,Ⅱa1例。同期 19例早期子宫颈癌行开腹广泛全子宫切除和盆腔淋巴结清扫术 (剖腹组 ) ,比较两种术式的手术时间、术中出血量、术后恢复情况及手术并发症等。　结果　腹腔镜组平均手术时间 (2 72 8min± 80 3min)与开腹组 (2 2 6 5min± 6 6 8min)无明显统计学差异 (t=1 92 1,P =0 0 6 3)。腹腔镜组平均切除淋巴结 15 6± 5 1个 ,开腹组 16 8± 5 7个 ,两组比较差异无显著性 (t=0 6 74 ,P =0 5 0 5 )。腹腔镜组术后肠道功能恢复时间较开腹组明显缩短 (34 2hvs.6 0 7h ,P <0 0 1)。两组均无严重并发症发生。腹腔镜组术后并发症发生率为 33 3% (6 18) ,开腹组为 31 6 % (6 19) ,两组差异无显著性 (P =0 812 )。　结论　腹腔镜与剖腹手术都可作为子宫颈癌根治术的术式之一 ,腹腔镜手术具有创伤小 ,术后恢复快等优点。     

腹腔镜下广泛子宫切除加淋巴结清扫术治疗子宫恶性肿瘤42例分析

目的探讨腹腔镜广泛子宫切除加淋巴结清扫术治疗子宫恶性肿瘤的可行性及临床效果。方法回顾分析2007年3月～2011年12月42例腹腔镜手术与同期46例开腹手术行子宫广泛切除、淋巴结清扫治疗的子宫恶性肿瘤的临床资料,比较2组的术中、术后情况。结果与开腹组相比,腹腔镜组术中出血量少[(303.4±118.2)ml vs.(407.6±120.2)ml,t=-4.094,P=0.000],切除淋巴结多[(27.5±5.1)个vs.(20.6±4.3)个,t=6.881,P=0.000],术后排气早[(1.5±0.5)d vs.(2.1±0.6)d,t=-5.069,P=0.000];2组手术病理分期、手术时间、术后并发症的发生率差异无显著性。结论腹腔镜下治疗子宫恶性肿瘤创伤小,恢复快,是一种安全有效的手术方法。     

PK刀在腹腔镜下早期子宫恶性肿瘤手术中的应用

目的探讨等离子刀(PK刀)在腹腔镜下广泛子宫切除术和盆腔淋巴结切除术治疗子宫恶性肿瘤中的应用价值。方法2003年1月~2006年12月,应用PK刀行腹腔镜下广泛子宫切除术和盆腔淋巴结切除术治疗30例经活检证实的早期子宫恶性肿瘤,其中子宫颈癌19例,子宫内膜癌11例。结果30例均在腹腔镜下完成手术,无一例中转开腹手术。手术时间(253.2±55.3)min,术中出血量(310.0±147.7)ml,淋巴结切除时间(73.5±23.6)min,淋巴结切除(17.0±6.2)枚,术后肛门排气时间(32.3±11.2)h,术后应用抗生素时间(5.5±1.5)d,术后住院(12±5)d。术中损伤膀胱1例,术后最高体温≥38.5℃3例,尿潴留4例,淋巴囊肿1例。结论PK刀作为兼备切割和止血的腹腔镜手术器械,其止血效果好,创伤小,具有较高的安全性,在子宫恶性肿瘤腹腔镜下行广泛子宫切除术和盆腔淋巴结切除术是安全、可行的。     

腹腔镜广泛子宫切除术641例并发症分析

目的:探讨腹腔镜广泛子宫切除术后并发症的发生原因及处理方法.方法:回顾性分析2006年1月-2011年1月在解放军总医院妇产科临床诊断为宫颈癌和子宫内膜癌并行腹腔镜广泛子宫切除术的641例患者手术并发症的发生和处理情况,并与963例行开腹广泛子宫切除术的宫颈癌和子宫内膜癌患者的术后并发症发生情况进行比较.结果:行腹腔镜...     

腹腔镜下广泛子宫切除、盆腔淋巴结清扫术治疗子宫恶性肿瘤

目的探讨腹腔镜广泛子宫切除、盆腔淋巴结清扫术治疗子宫恶性肿瘤的可行性及临床效果。方法比较2007年3月～2008年3月11例腹腔镜手术与同期26例开腹手术行广泛子宫切除、盆腔淋巴结清扫治疗的子宫内膜癌、子宫颈癌的临床资料,观察2组手术时间、术中出血量、淋巴结切除数量、术后病率、肠道排气时间、住院日等。结果腹腔镜组子宫内膜腺癌3例（ⅠB期2例,ⅡA期1例）,子宫颈鳞癌8例（ⅠA期1例,ⅠB期5例,ⅡA期2例）;开腹组子宫内膜腺癌7例（ⅠB期5例,ⅡA期2例）,子宫颈鳞癌19例（ⅠA期2例,ⅠB期14例,ⅡA期3例）。2组差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。与开腹组相比,腹腔镜组术中出血量少[（216．8±125．4）ml vs（402．1±135．2）ml,t=-3．889,P=0．000],切除淋巴结多[（19．9±6．5）个vs（14．6±5．6）个,t=2．510,P=0．017],术后排气早[（34．6±6．5）h vs（56．4±7．6）h,t=-8．300,P=0．000],住院时间短[（14．6±3．5）d vs（19．4±5．6）d,t=-2．622,P=0．013];2组手术时间、术后病率、尿潴留的发生率差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。2组分别随访（11．0±3．2）和（12．0±2．8）月,无复发证据。结论腹腔镜下治疗子宫恶性肿瘤创伤小,恢复快,是一种安全有效的手术方法。     

腹腔镜下广泛全子宫切除联合盆腔淋巴结清扫术治疗早期宫颈癌临床效果分析

目的 探讨腹腔镜广泛子宫切除术和盆腔淋巴结清扫术治疗早期宫颈癌的临床价值。方法 2010-06—2014-06间共实施47例经腹腔镜(腹腔镜组)和42例开放(开放组)广泛子宫切除加盆腔淋巴结清扫术,回顾性分析患者的临床资料。记录2组手术时间、术中出血量、淋巴结切除数量、胃肠功能恢复时间、住院时间、手术并发症发生率等。结果 腹腔镜组术中出血量、切除的淋巴结数、胃肠功能恢复时间、术后住院时间明显优于开放组(P0.05),2组手术时间无显著差异(P0.05)。腹腔镜组平均随访(28.8±6.6)月,并发症发生率为14.9%(7/47),开放组平均随访(26.2±5.8)月,并发症发生率为14.3%(6/42),2组差异无统计学意义。结论 腹腔镜下广泛全子宫切除加盆腔淋巴结清扫术治疗早期宫颈癌,安全有效,具有创伤小,恢复快等优势。     

综合护理措施预防子宫颈癌术后尿潴留的疗效观察

目的研究宫颈癌患者广泛子宫切除术+盆腔淋巴结清扫术术后预防尿潴留的综合护理措施的疗效。方法122例宫颈癌术后病人随机分为对照组和试验组,对照组采用常规护理方法,试验组在常规护理方法上加用综合护理措施。2组尿潴留发生率之间利用检验,检验水准α=0.05。结果对照组和试验组的尿潴留发生率间差异显著(P0.005)。结论子宫颈癌术后尿潴留综合护理措施可以有效的减少尿潴留发生。     

腹腔镜下广泛子宫切除加盆腔淋巴结清扫术(附30例报告)

目的:评价腹腔镜下广泛子宫切除加盆腔淋巴结清扫术治疗子宫颈癌和子宫内膜癌的实用价值,总结其优点及手术注意事项。方法:对12例子宫内膜癌、18例子宫颈癌施行腹腔镜下广泛子宫切除加盆腔淋巴结清扫术。结果:除1例中转开腹外,其余患者均在腹腔镜下完成手术,切除淋巴结19.5个(13~24个)。术中重要脏器损伤2例,发生率为6.67%。术后并发症发生率13.33%。子宫内膜癌术后复发率8.33%。子宫颈癌术后复发率5.56%。结论:腹腔镜下广泛子宫切除加盆腔淋巴结清扫术具有创伤小、术野清晰、并发症少、术后康复快等优点,并具有开腹手术的效果。     

腹腔镜手术治疗子宫恶性肿瘤62例报告

目的探讨腹腔镜下子宫广泛切除和盆腹腔淋巴结切除治疗妇科恶性肿瘤的可行性。方法2003年2月-2005年8月，采用腹腔镜下子宫广泛切除和盆腔及腹主动脉周围淋巴结切除治疗62例经活检证实的早期妇科恶性肿瘤，其中子宫内膜癌26例，子宫颈癌36例。62例根据病变部位和淋巴结切除术适应证行盆腔淋巴结切除术，5例行选择性腹主动脉周围淋巴结切除，再行腹腔镜辅助阴式广泛子宫切除术。结果61例腹腔镜下完成手术，1例术中静脉损伤出血中转开腹。手术时间165—265min，平均217min；术中出血量150—1200ml，平均260ml；切除淋巴结数13—23枚，平均17枚。1例发生膀胱损伤，镜下修补后恢复良好。术后发生尿潴留4例，淋巴囊肿5例。61例随访1—28个月，1例宫颈鳞腺癌Ⅱ。期术后3个月复发，放弃治疗4个月死亡；其余60例无复发。结论子宫恶性肿瘤腹腔镜下行子宫广泛切除和盆腹腔淋巴结切除术安全、可行。分期可靠、准确。     

腹腔镜辅助阴式与开腹广泛子宫切除术治疗早期宫颈癌的比较

目的 探讨腹腔镜辅助阴式广泛子宫切除联合盆腔淋巴结清扫术治疗早期宫颈癌的临床效果.方法 回顾性分析我院2005年6月～2011年12月146例临床资料完整的Ⅰ a2～Ⅱb期宫颈癌,83例腹腔镜辅助阴式广泛子宫切除联合盆腔淋巴结清扫术设为研究组,63例开腹广泛子宫切除联合盆腔淋巴结清扫术设为对照组,比较2组手术时间、术中出血量、切除淋巴结数量、术后镇痛药应用、术后排气时间、体温恢复正常时间、拔除盆腔引流管时间、手术并发症、术后生存情况等.结果 与对照组比较,研究组术中出血少[(283.3±162.3) ml vs.(372.9±194.5) ml,t=-3.032,P=0.003]、术后应用镇痛药例数少[15例vs.57例,x2=75.116,P=0.000]、术后排气早[(39.1 ±17.5)h vs.(48.3±19.4)h,t=-3.002,P=0.003]、体温恢复正常快[(47.5±19.7)h vs.(56.1±23.2)h,t=-2.419,P=0.017]、拔除盆腔引流管早[(3.6±1.6)d vs.(4.4±2.7)d,t=-2.090,P=0.039].2组在手术时间[(227.3 ±62.5)min vs.(235.1±67.7)min,t=-0.721,P=0.472]、切除淋巴结数[(22.6±5.7)枚vs.(20.7±6.4)枚,t=1.892,P=0.061]、并发症发生率[41.0％ (34/83) vs.57.1％ (36/63),x2=3.756,P=0.053]及术后复发率[13.2％(11/83) vs.14.3％(9/63),x2=0.032,P=0.857]比较无统计学差异.截止2012年5月30日,研究组83例术后平均随访63.4月(5～77个月),对照组63例术后平均随访62.3月(9～ 79个月),2组术后生存率比较无统计学差异(x2=0.026,P=0.872).结论 腹腔镜辅助阴式广泛子宫切除术创伤小,术后恢复快,近、远期疗效好,是治疗早期宫颈癌安全有效的手术方法.     

腹腔镜根治性宫颈切除术联合盆腔淋巴结清扫术治疗早期宫颈癌6例报告

目的 探讨腹腔镜根治性宫颈切除术联合盆腔淋巴结清扫术治疗早期宫颈癌的可行性。方法 2003年4月～2005年4月，我院对要求保留子宫的6例早期宫颈癌先行腹腔镜下盆腔淋巴结清扫术，若冰冻病理回报阴性，在不离断子宫血管及圆韧带的情况下，游离输尿管，切断主韧带2cm，然后经阴道横断子宫颈及2cm阴道。结果 手术时间75～150min，平均120min。术中出血量100～250ml，平均150ml。6例均无并发症，术后1个月恢复正常月经。6例随访5～24个月，平均14．6月，均未发现复发，1例怀孕13周。结论 早期宫颈癌行腹腔镜根治性宫颈切除联合盆腔淋巴结清扫术可行，可以保留患者的生殖功能。     

Complications of laparoscopic radical hysterectomy and lymphadenectomy for invasive cervical cancer: experience based on 317 procedures

Background This report presents the incidence of complications and conversions during laparoscopic radical hysterectomy and lymphadenectomy performed for invasive cervical carcinoma. The data are analyzed, and strategies to help prevent future complications are discussed. Methods From July 2000 to December 2005 at the authors’ institution, 317 laparoscopic radical hysterectomy and lymphadenectomy procedures for invasive cervical carcinoma were performed. The authors reviewed the database of patients who underwent laparoscopic radical hysterectomy and lymphadenectomy to examine complications and analyze factors associated with conversion to an open surgical procedure. Results All but four surgical procedures were laparoscopically completed. Pelvic lymphadenectomy was performed for all the remaining 313 patients, 143 of whom underwent paraaortic lymphadenectomy. Major and minor intraoperative complications occurred for 4.4% (n = 14) of the patients. The overall conversion rate was 1.3% (n = 4), including 3 emergencies and 1 elective conversion. Seven patients had vessel injuries, five of which were repaired or treated laparoscopically. One left external iliac vein required laparotomy, and one patient underwent laparotomy to control bleeding sites. Operative cystotomies occurred in five patients, which were repaired laparoscopically. Two patients underwent laparotomy because of hypercapnia and ascending colon injury. Postoperative surgery complications occurred in 5.1% (n = 16) of the patients, including 5 patients with ureterovaginal fistula, 4 with vesicovaginal fistula requiring reoperation, 1 with ureterostenosis treated by placement of a double-J ureteral stent, and 6 with bladder dysfunctions (retention) that exhibited complete resolution within 3 to 6 months by intermittent training and catheterization. Conclusions Laparoscopic radical hysterectomy and lymphadenectomy is becoming a routine procedure in the armamentarium of many gynecologists. Complications unique to laparoscopy do exist, but they decrease with repeated training of the procedure and gradually enriched experiences.     

腹腔镜根治性膀胱癌切除术中标准盆腔淋巴结切除的手术改进

目的探讨腹腔镜根治性膀胱癌切除术中标准盆腔淋巴结切除手术方法的改进及疗效。 方法回顾性分析2013年2月至2019年12月,采用自行设计和改进的方法对腹腔镜根治性膀胱切除患者进行标准盆腔淋巴结切除的临床资料。本组145例中,男性133例,女性12例。临床分期T1期9例,T2期105例,T3期31例。 结果所有患者均按改进的手术方法完成了标准盆腔淋巴结切除,术中出血平均25 ml。双侧盆腔淋巴结切除时间35～62 min,平均42 min。清除的淋巴结8～32枚,平均16.3枚。术中术后均未输血。 结论通过对手术方法的优化和改进,可有效的减少标准盆腔淋巴结切除术中的出血,提高盆腔淋巴结切除的彻底性,降低手术的并发症。     

腹腔镜广泛子宫切除及盆腔淋巴结清扫术的临床体会

目的:总结腹腔镜广泛子宫切除及盆腔淋巴结清扫术的手术经验及并发症的预防。方法:回顾分析2010年3月至2011年6月为32例患者施行腹腔镜广泛子宫切除及盆腔淋巴结清扫术的临床资料。结果:32例患者中,1例术后9 d发生膀胱阴道瘘(迟发性电损伤所致);1例术毕查看尿袋,见气体充盈张力较大,证实膀胱损伤;余30例手术效果满意。结论:腹腔镜广泛子宫切除及盆腔淋巴结清扫术出血少,并发症少,术后康复快,安全可行,充分体现了妇科领域微创手术的优势。     

Robotic radical hysterectomy versus total laparoscopic radical hysterectomy with pelvic lymphadenectomy for treatment of early cervical cancer

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: To compare intraoperative, pathologic and postoperative outcomes of robotic radical hysterectomy (RRH) to total laparoscopic radical hysterectomy (TLRH) in patients with early stage cervical carcinoma. METHODS: We prospectively analyzed cases of TLRH or RRH with pelvic lymphadenectomy performed for treatment of early cervical cancer between 2000 and 2008. RESULTS: Thirty patients underwent TLRH and pelvic lymphadenectomy for cervical cancer from August 2000 to June 2006. Thirteen patients underwent RRH and pelvic lymphadenectomy for cervical cancer from April 2006 to January 2008. There were no differences between groups for age, tumor histology, stage, lymphovascular space involvement or nodal status. No statistical differences were observed regarding operative time (323 vs 318 min), estimated blood loss (157 vs 200 mL), or hospital stay (2.7 vs 3.8 days). Mean pelvic lymph node count was similar in the two groups (25 vs 31). None of the robotic or laparoscopic procedures required conversion to laparotomy. The differences in major operative and postoperative complications between the two groups were not significant. All patients in both groups are alive and free of disease at the time of last follow up. CONCLUSION: Based on our experience, robotic radical hysterectomy appears to be equivalent to total laparoscopic radical hysterectomy with respect to operative time, blood loss, hospital stay, and oncological outcome. We feel the intuitive nature of the robotic approach, magnification, dexterity, and flexibility combined with significant reduction in surgeon's fatigue offered by the robotic system will allow more surgeons to use a minimally invasive approach to radical hysterectomy.     

加速康复外科理念在腹腔镜下宫颈癌根治术中的管理实践及效果评价

目的:制定适用于腹腔镜下宫颈癌根治术的妇科加速康复外科(Enhanced recovery after surgery,ERAS)方案,评价该方案临床应用效果.方法:组建妇科ERAS多学科团队,筛选最佳实施策略,确立妇科ERAS方案,进行人员培训和方案实施,固化有效措施,并在院内交流实施经验.选择方案实施前146例宫颈癌患者为对照组,实施后128例宫颈癌患者为试验组,比较两组患者术后恢复情况.结果:试验组术后并发症总发生率为21.09％,显著低于对照组(38.36％),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).两组患者术后住院日、住院费用和术后30d再入院率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).试验组术后初次下床活动时间、胃肠功能恢复时间均显著低于对照组(P<0.05).结论:将细节落至实处的妇科加速康复外科方案可安全应用于腹腔镜下宫颈癌根治术,缩短患者术后身体功能恢复时间.     

多功能保留在甲状腺癌颈淋巴结清扫术中的应用

目的探讨多功能保留在甲状腺癌颈淋巴结清扫术中的可行性及意义。方法回顾性分析我院2006年4月至2009年12月因甲状腺癌行甲状腺切除加Ⅱ~Ⅵ区多功能保留颈淋巴结清扫术61例,4例行双侧颈淋巴结清扫,共65例次。其中甲状腺乳头状癌54例,甲状腺滤泡状癌3例,甲状腺髓样癌4例。结果 61例中保留耳大神经60例次,枕小神经50例次,锁骨上皮神经59例次,颈横动、静脉48例次。术后患者随访0.5~4年,1例术后18个月复发,1例3年复发,59例无复发,术后患者均于3个月内耳廓感觉恢复,下颈部及肩部无麻木感,颈部外观无改变。结论多功能保留在甲状腺癌颈淋巴结清扫术中应用,既可达到根治肿瘤的目的,又能有效保留耳廓区、颈部、锁骨上区的感觉,具合理性、可行性。     

Challenges of laparoscopic resection of abdominal neuroblastoma with lymphadenectomy

BACKGROUND: The laparoscopic procedure involving total resection of abdominal neuroblastoma combined with lymphadenectomy has not been reviewed in English literature. The aim of this study was to evaluate the significance and accuracy of laparoscopic resection of abdominal neuroblastoma. METHODS: Since July 1997, five patients with abdominal neuroblastoma underwent laparoscopic resection combined with lymphadenectomy or sampling of the lymph nodes. The length of operation, intraoperative blood loss, resectability, and complications were retrospectively reviewed and evaluated. RESULTS: Four cases were managed laparoscopically, but one case was converted to open procedure because of poor visualization around large vessels. The mean operation time was 135 min and the intraoperative blood loss 52 ml. CONCLUSIONS: Good visualization of the primary tumor and large vessels is, arguably, the most important factor for successful completion of this procedure laparoscopically. Precise indicators for laparoscopic resection of abdominal neuroblastoma provide a better prognosis and a good quality of life for children with neuroblastoma.