椎体肿瘤椎体重建术前选择性动脉栓塞临床应用研究

目的 探讨选择性动脉栓塞后肿瘤椎体切除重建的疗效及价值. 资料与方法 选择有脊髓压迫症状的胸腰椎肿瘤患者24例,分成对照组(n=11)和研究组(n=13).对照组直接行肿瘤椎体切除人工椎体置换椎体重建术;研究组先行肿瘤供血动脉栓塞化疗后,再行肿瘤椎体重建术. 结果 对照组4例手术失败,7例手术成功,成功率57%,术中平均出血量为3385 ml、平均手术时间5 h;研究组13例肿瘤椎体全部手术切除成功,成功率达100%,术中平均出血量为842 ml,平均手术时间3 h.研究组与对照组比较术中平均出血量、手术时间差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).所有患者随访6～36个月神经功能恢复满意,椎体重建稳定性良好. 结论 术前胸腰椎动脉栓塞便于肿瘤椎体切除及重建,可提高患者的生存质量.     

脊椎原发性骨肿瘤的介入治疗

目的研究脊椎原发性骨肿瘤术前化疗及选择性动脉栓塞的安全性、疗效评价标准及临床价值。方法对术前采用化疗及选择性动脉栓塞且术后经病理证实的16例资料完整的椎体肿瘤进行回顾性分析。采用Seldinger技术,将导管超选择性地插入所需栓塞的肿瘤供血动脉,进行化疗,再以明胶海绵颗粒为栓塞材料进行选择性动脉栓塞。结果化疗、栓塞后肿瘤供血动脉大部分阻断,肿瘤染色较栓塞前减少>75%,术中出血量为500～2000ml,平均为810ml,手术切除顺利;术后标本病检肿瘤细胞坏死率为91%～95%;疼痛症状缓解率为95%。本组均未发生严重并发症。结论脊椎肿瘤术前行化疗及选择性动脉栓塞,是一种操作简便,安全可靠的有效方法。     

骶骨肿瘤术前栓塞的临床应用研究

目的：探讨经导管行肿瘤供血动脉术前栓塞在手术切除骶骨肿瘤中的价值和作用。方法：11例骶骨肿瘤患者进行数字减影血管造影明确靶血管情况后,采用明胶海绵结合弹簧圈栓塞靶血管,并于栓塞后1-3天行骶骨肿瘤切除。结果：11例肿瘤靶血管栓塞后,肿瘤染色基本消失,手术切除顺利,术中出血明显减少,平均出血量为750ml。11例平均随访12个月,未见局部复发。结论：骶骨肿瘤的术前动脉栓塞能有效降低术中出血,减少并发症的发生。增加了肿瘤切除率和彻底切除的可能性,是十分安全有效的治疗方法。     

骨盆肿瘤术前经导管动脉栓塞治疗的价值

目的　评价骨盆肿瘤术前局部动脉内灌注化疗和栓塞治疗的价值。资料与方法　术前栓塞治疗 4 8例骨盆肿瘤患者 (栓塞组 ) ,观察其临床改善情况 ,计算术中失血量和手术时间 ,并与 16例术前未栓塞骨盆肿瘤患者(对照组 )进行对照。结果　血管造影可清楚显示肿瘤的大小及血供特点 ,栓塞组术中失血量 2 177.1± 96 9.8ml,手术时间 198.9± 97.4min ;对照组术中失血量 4 4 6 2 .5± 1876 .8ml,手术时间 2 86 .4± 14 4 .5min。栓塞组均明显低于对照组 (P <0 .0 1)。手术时机的选择影响栓塞治疗的效果。组织学证实 :肿瘤均有不同程度的坏死、液化和囊性变 ,部分肿瘤有假包膜形成。结论　术前栓塞是骨盆肿瘤手术前最有效的辅助治疗手段 ,并且使手术易于操作。手术时机应选择在栓塞后 6天以内     

脊柱肿瘤术前选择性动脉栓塞的临床应用价值

目的探讨脊柱肿瘤术前选择性动脉栓塞(selective arterial embolization,SAE)的临床应用价值。方法 36例脊柱肿瘤患者于外科手术术前行介入栓塞治疗,对SAE血管造影表现、栓塞材料的应用、栓塞后-外科手术间隔时间、外科手术术中出血量、外科手术时间、栓塞后并发症进行回顾性分析。结果 36例患者术中造影均见明显的肿瘤染色,共栓塞血管63支。栓塞后,肿瘤染色大部分消失;外科手术术中出血量为100~2 600ml,平均出血量1 100ml,手术平均时间163min;栓塞后48h内行外科手术;栓塞后未出现严重并发症;治疗后1年内均恢复良好。结论 SAE可有效的减少脊柱肿瘤术中出血量,缩短手术时间,降低手术风险,对脊柱肿瘤的综合治疗意义重大。     

症状性椎体血管瘤术前行选择性动脉栓塞的的临床价值

目的探讨症状性椎体血管瘤(symptomatic vertebral hemangioma, SVH)外科手术前行选择性动脉栓塞(selective arterial embolization, SAE)的临床应用价值。方法收集我院2014年7月～2017年10月期间在外科手术前行介入栓塞治疗的SVH患者共22例,对血管造影及栓塞结果、栓塞并发症、外科手术术中出血量、外科手术时长、手术成功率进行回顾性分析。结果 22例患者术中造影结果均为阳性,阳性率100%;共发现靶血管67支,栓塞血管67支,栓塞成功率100%;栓塞后均未出现严重并发症;外科手术术中出血量350～2 400ml,平均1 100ml;手术平均时长130min;所有手术均成功完成,手术成功率100%。结论 SAE可有效的减少椎体血管瘤术中出血量,缩短手术时间,降低手术风险,提高手术成功率,是一种安全有效的术前干预治疗方式。     

The curative effect of preoperative superselective arterial chemoembolization for sacrum tumor

目的:评估骶骨肿瘤术前超选择性动脉灌注化疗栓塞的疗效.方法:将22例行术前超选择性动脉灌注化疗栓塞(栓塞组)和16例未行化疗栓塞(对照组)骶骨肿瘤患者手术中失血量、输血量、术后引流量、手术时长、并发症发生率、住院天数及总费用、术后1年内复发率进行对比分析.结果:栓塞组平均术中出血量、输血量、术后引流量、手术时间均优于对照组(P＜0.05);栓塞组住院天数、住院费用与对照组差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);术后骶神经损伤等并发症的发生率差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);栓塞组的术后1年复发率明显低于对照组(P＜0.05);术后组织病理学证实:栓塞组肿瘤组织均有不同程度坏死、变性、液化、假包膜形成.结论:骶骨肿瘤术前超选择动脉灌注化疗栓塞在不增加医疗费用的情况下有利于手术切除、减少术中出血、缩短手术时间、延长存活时间.     

双侧髂内动脉栓塞在骨盆肿瘤化疗栓塞中的临床应用

目的 :探讨双侧髂内动脉栓塞在骨盆肿瘤化疗栓塞中的临床应用价值。方法 :对 2 3例骨盆肿瘤患者采用Co bra或Yashiro导管进行超选择插管 ,找出肿瘤的所有供血动脉 ,然后根据血供进行超选择性灌注化疗 ,并用明胶海绵随机对其中 11例患者进行所有肿瘤供血动脉的选择性栓塞 (单纯栓塞组 ) ;对其中 12例患者除进行所有肿瘤供血动脉的选择性栓塞外 ,还对双侧髂内动脉主干进行栓塞 (双侧髂内动脉栓塞组 ) ,栓塞后 2 4～ 4 8h由同一组医生进行手术 ,计算术中出血量与手术时间。结果 :双侧髂内动脉栓塞组手术中暴露肿瘤的出血量为 80± 2 6 6 3ml,术中总出血量为 775± 2 35 97ml,手术时间为 16 4 17± 2 6 4 4min ;单纯栓塞组上述指标分别为 2 0 0± 4 8 5 8ml、176 3 6 4± 390 5 7ml、2 2 8 18± 37 37min。双侧髂内动脉栓塞组明显少于单纯栓塞组 (P <0 0 0 1)。手术中术野更清楚 ,易剥离 ,出血少 ,缩短手术时间。术后随访 6～ 18个月未见肿瘤复发和转移。结论 :双侧髂内动脉栓塞法能有效减少骨盆肿瘤的术中出血 ,利于肿瘤彻底切除 ,结合化疗能减少肿瘤复发或转移 ,是一种有价值的术前辅助性治疗方法     

术前肿瘤动脉栓塞联合术中腹主动脉球囊阻断在骶骨肿瘤切除术中的应用

目的 探讨术前肿瘤动脉栓塞联合术中腹主动脉球囊阻断在骶骨肿瘤切除术中的应用价值.方法 本研究纳入56例患者.对照组(24例)行常规外科切除骶骨肿瘤;试验组(32例)行术前骶骨肿瘤动脉栓塞联合术中腹主动脉球囊阻断.计算两组的手术时间、术中出血量、术后1年肿瘤复发率,并进行统计学分析.结果 试验组患者造影显示骶骨肿瘤由多支血管供血,分别给予栓塞后在球囊阻断腹主动脉的辅助下成功切除肿瘤.试验组术中手术视野清晰,骶骨肿瘤切除时出血明显减少,术后未出现异位栓塞、肾缺血和肢体缺血等并发症.两组手术时间、术中出血量、术后1年肿瘤复发率差异均有统计学意义(P ＜ 0.05).结论 术前肿瘤动脉栓塞联合腹主动脉球囊阻断能有效缩短手术时间、减少术中出血,使肿瘤切除术中的手术视野更加清晰,明显提高了手术的安全性.     

脊柱肿瘤术前靶动脉栓塞

目的　探讨脊柱肿瘤术前栓塞的临床应用价值。方法　肿瘤分布为颈椎 13例 ,胸椎 17例 ,腰椎 15例 ,骶椎 9例。造影后选择性栓塞肿瘤供养动脉 ,栓塞物质为直径 1mm的明胶颗粒、PVA颗粒或钢圈。手术时机为栓塞后 1～ 7d。结果　共栓塞 4 3例患者的 79支血管 ,其中颈升动脉 1支 ,椎动脉 1支 ,肋间动脉 39支 ,腰动脉 19支 ,髂内动脉 15支 ,骶正中动脉 4支。栓塞后手术的 4 1例患者术中估计出血量 (EBL)为 30 0～ 30 0 0ml,平均 1312ml;同期 33例未行术前栓塞脊柱肿瘤术中EBL为 15 0 0～ 5 0 0 0ml,平均 2 375ml(P <0 .0 1)。本组全部栓塞病例均无并发症。结论　脊柱肿瘤术前栓塞能显著减少术中出血 ,可使肿瘤有更多的机会获得完全切除。     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.     

Bronchial stump fistula :treatment with covered retrievable hinged metallic stents-preliminary clinical experience

Objective To evaluate the preliminaily clinical efficacy and retrievability of a retrievable hinged covered metallic stent in the treatment of the bronchial stump fistula （BSF）. Methods Between April 2003 and March 2005, 8 patients with bronchial stump fistula after pneumonectomy or lobectomy were treated with two types （A and B） of retrievable hinged covered metallic stents. Type A stent was placed in 6 patients and type B in 2 under fluoroscopic guidance. The stent was removed with a retrieval set when BSF was healed or complications occurred. Results Stent placement in the bronchial tree was technically successful in all patients, without procedure-related complications. Immediate closure of the BSF was achieved in all patients after the procedure. Stents were removed from all patients but one. Removal of the stents was difficult in two patients due to tissue hyperplasia. Patients were followed up for 6 - 21 months. Placement of the stents remained stable in all patients except one due to severe cough. Permanent closure of BSF was achieved in 7 （87.5%） of 8 patients. Conclusion Use of a retrievable hinged covered expandable metallic stent is a simple, safe, and effective procedure for closure of the BSF. Retrieval of the stent seems to be feasible. （J Intervent Radiol, 2007, 16： 253-257）     

Prevalence and severity of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male football: a cross‐sectional cohort study of 695 players

The purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to investigate the prevalence of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male adult football in Denmark and (b) to explore the association between prevalence and duration of hip and groin pain in the previous season with the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS) in the beginning of the new season. In total 695 respondents from 40 teams (Division 1–4) were included. Players completed in the beginning of the new season (July–Sept 2011) a self‐reported paper questionnaire on hip and/or groin pain during the previous season and HAGOS. In total 49% (95% CI: 45–52%) reported hip and/or groin pain during the previous season. Of these, 31% (95% CI: 26–36%) reported pain for >6 weeks. Players with the longest duration of pain during the previous season had the lowest HAGOS scores, when assessed at the beginning of the new season, P < 0.001. This study documents that half of sub‐elite male adult football players report pain in the hip and/or groin during a football season. The football players with the longest duration of pain in previous season displayed the lowest HAGOS scores in the beginning of the new season.