维A酸对慢性阻塞性肺疾病基质金属蛋白酶的影响

目的 利用维A酸对实验性大鼠慢性阻塞性肺疾病的干预,检测其基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)的变化.方法 Wistar雄性大鼠36只,随机分为正常对照组、模型组和用药组,每组12只.将模型组大鼠放人染毒箱内,每天被动吸烟2次,每次16支(30 min),2次间隔4 h,连续75 d;用药组每天被动吸烟染毒前通过胃管给大鼠灌胃维A酸15 mg/kg,共75 d;对照组气管内滴人等量的生理盐水25 d后处死大鼠.模型组大鼠用药后观察各组大鼠肺组织的病理改变,免疫组化方法及酶联免疫试验观察肺组织基质金属蛋白酶表达情况.结果 模型组MMP-2和MMP-9的活性分别为(1.03±0.21)ng/ml、(0.984±0.182)ng/ml,其表达与正常对照组[(0.49±0.15)ng/ml、(0.415±0.084)ng/ml]比较差异有显著性(P<0.01);用药组MMP-2和MMP-9的活性((0.91±0.19)ng/ml、(0.670±0.012)ng/ml]和表达与模型组比较差异有显著性(P<0.01).结论 维A酸对慢性阻塞性肺疾病防治及治疗有很好的作用.     

H2松弛素对慢性阻塞性肺疾病大鼠支气管平滑肌增殖的抑制作用

目的探讨H2松弛素对慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)大鼠支气管平滑肌增殖的抑制作用。方法观察正常对照组、COPD模型组及松弛素治疗组大鼠肺组织的病理变化,比较各组大鼠支气管壁及平滑肌厚度,检测基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)-1、MMP-9、基质金属蛋白酶组织抑制剂(TIMP)-1表达水平及MMP-1/TIMP-1、MMP-9/TIMP-1比值。结果与正常对照组大鼠相比,COPD模型组大鼠肺支气管壁及平滑肌厚度显著增厚,且松弛素治疗组大鼠肺支气管壁厚度及平滑肌厚度与COPD模型组大鼠相比显著降低(P0.05)。COPD模型组大鼠组织中MMP-1、MMP-9、TIMP-1的表达水平均高于正常对照组(P0.05),且MMP-1/TIMP-1、MMP-9/TIMP-1比值与正常对照组相比,呈现明显升高趋势(P0.05);而对比COPD模型组大鼠,松弛素治疗组大鼠组织中MMP-1、MMP-9、TIMP-1的表达有所降低(P0.05),且MMP-1/TIMP-1、MMP-9/TIMP-1比值与COPD模型组相比均降低(P0.05)。结论松弛素能抑制大鼠肺组织结构病理变化,抑制COPD气道平滑肌的增殖。     

全反式维甲酸对COPD大鼠肺组织中基质金属蛋白酶-2,9表达的影响

目的:探讨MMP-2,MMP-9及TIMP-1在肺损伤和修复过程中的作用及全反式维甲酸(ATRA)拮抗COPD的机制。方法:100只健康雄性SD大鼠被随机分为4组:正常对照组、模型组、ATRA预防组、ATRA治疗组。采用烟熏加内毒素致大鼠COPD模型,观察病理组织形态学改变,应用免疫组化检测肺组织中MMP及TIMP的表达,及ATRA对它们的影响。结果:正常肺组织MMP-2、MMP-9、TIMP-1有少量染色阳性,模型组比正常对照组表达明显增强。ATRA预防和治疗组比模型组表达明显下降,但仍比正常对照组增高。结论:MMP-2、MMP-9表达增强,使细胞外降解增加,可能是肺气肿形成机制之一。ATRA可以降低COPD大鼠的MMP-2和MMP-9表达。     

滇白珠水提物对慢性阻塞性肺疾病大鼠转化生长因子-β1、白细胞介素-8的影响

目的利用滇白珠水提物对慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)实验性大鼠进行干预,检测其转化生长因子(TGF)-β1、白细胞介素(IL)-8的变化并对其机制进行探讨。方法健康SD雄性大鼠36只,随机分为正常对照组、模型组和用药组,每组12只。模型组大鼠用药后观察各组大鼠肺组织的病理改变,免疫组化法观察肺组织中TGF-β1的表达及酶联免疫试验观察肺泡灌洗液和血清中的TGF-β1、IL-8的表达情况。结果模型组TGF-β1的表达为(0.732±0.083),与正常对照组(0.168±0.018)比较差异显著(P<0.01);用药组支气管灌洗液中TGF-β1、IL-8的活性分别为(61.48±6.89)ng/ml,(148.69±21.47)ng/ml,与模型组比较差异显著。用药组血清中TGF-β1、IL-8的活性分别为(63.48±7.33)ng/ml,(0.69±0.09)ng/ml,与模型组比较差异显著(P<0.01)。结论滇白珠对COPD治疗有很好的指导意义。     

白细胞介素17在大鼠慢性阻塞性肺疾病和支气管哮喘模型中的变化及意义

目的了解白细胞介素17(IL17)在大鼠慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)和支气管哮喘(简称哮喘)模型中的变化。方法SD雄性大鼠随机分为COPD组(13只)、哮喘组(11只)、吸烟组(11只)和正常对照组(12只);观察各组大鼠气道病理改变,采用酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)法检测大鼠支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)及肺组织匀浆IL17水平;免疫组化及图像分析法检测肺组织IL17及胞间黏附分子1(ICAM1),CD3、CD4、CD8的表达。结果COPD组和哮喘组肺组织匀浆IL17和BALF中IL17均显著增高,与正常对照组和吸烟组比较差异有显著性(P均<001);COPD组IL17主要在支气管上皮细胞内表达,哮喘组则在气道周围单核淋巴细胞内表达;COPD组和哮喘组IL17表达量均显著高于正常对照组及吸烟组(P<001或<005)。COPD组肺组织匀浆IL17与BALF中中性粒细胞(r=0676,P=0002)以及BALF中IL17与小气道平滑肌增生均呈正相关(r=0641,P=0046);肺组织匀浆IL17与ICAM1呈正相关(r=0550,P=0051);哮喘组肺组织匀浆IL17分别与BALF中嗜酸粒细胞(r=0884,P=0001)和肺组织CD3T细胞呈正相关(r=0812,P=0002)。结论COPD中IL17可能通过增强ICAM1的表达等途径促进中性粒细胞在气道内聚集,参与对COPD气道炎症的调节。IL17在哮喘中的作用可能与其促进嗜酸粒细胞在气道内聚集有关。     

滇白珠水提物对慢性阻塞性肺疾病大鼠氧化应激的影响

目的观察滇白珠水提物干预慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)大鼠超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力和丙二醛(MDA)浓度的变化,探讨其在COPD中的作用机制。方法选取雄性SD大鼠36只,将其随机分为对照组、模型组和用药组,各12只。用药组在模型组基础上于每天吸烟前利用灌胃针灌滇白珠水提物,对照组则在模型组基础上灌等量0.9%氯化钠溶液。观察3组大鼠肺组织形态学变化,以及肺组织及肺泡灌洗液(BALF)中SOD、MDA表达情况。结果对照组肺组织和BALF中SOD浓度高于用药组,用药组SOD浓度高于模型组(P0.05);模型组肺组织和BALF中MDA浓度高于用药组,用药组MDA浓度高于对照组(P0.05)。结论滇白珠水提物可降低COPD大鼠SOD、MDA的表达,对COPD的防治有一定指导意义。     

氨茶碱对支气管哮喘气道重塑大鼠肺组织MMP-9及其基因表达的调节

目的 观察氨茶碱对支气管哮喘气道重塑大鼠气道形态学和转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)、基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)及其基因表达的调节作用.方法 24只SD大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、治疗组(35 mg/kg),每组8只,除正常组外以卵蛋白致敏并吸入激发法制备大鼠哮喘模型,治疗组、模型组从第1次哮喘激发开始(第15天)分别给予氨茶碱、生理盐水1次/d灌胃给药,用药4 w后处死大鼠,取肺组织HE染色,彩色图像分析仪测量支气管壁面积、支气管平滑肌面积,采用免疫组化法测定TGF-β1含量,ELISA法测定肺组织MMP-9含量,RT-PCR法测定MMP-9 mRNA含量.结果 与正常组比较,模型组大鼠支气管壁面积、平滑肌面积、肺组织MMP-9含量及MMP-9 mRNA含量明显增加(P＜0.01);与模型组相比,治疗组大鼠支气管壁面积、平滑肌面积、肺组织TGF-β1、MMP-9、MMP-9 mRNA含量均显著降低(P＜0.01).结论 氨茶碱可通过下调哮喘气道重塑大鼠肺组织MMP-9 mRNA表达、抑制MMP-9合成、抑制TGF-β1产生从而抑制支气管哮喘大鼠气道重塑.     

MMP-9和紧密连接蛋白Occludin在慢性阻塞性肺疾病大鼠肺部的表达

目的探讨基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)-9和紧密连接蛋白Occludin在慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)大鼠肺部的表达。方法 Wistar大鼠30只随机分为COPD组和对照组,采用单纯被动吸烟法建立COPD大鼠模型,以酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定两组大鼠血清及支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)中MMP-9水平。采用免疫组化染色(SABC)法测定两组大鼠肺部组织Occludin的表达。结果 COPD组血清及BALF MMP-9的水平均显著高于对照组血清中MMP-9的水平(P<0.05);COPD组BALF中MMP-9水平显著高于对照组BALF(P<0.05);Occludin在COPD组大鼠肺泡上皮细胞表达显著少于对照组(P=0.000)。结论 MMP-9参与了COPD的发病过程,COPD大鼠肺泡上皮屏障功能与Occludin蛋白表达的数量及改变的一系列变化有关。     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期模型大鼠肺组织基质金属蛋白酶的变化及通塞颗粒的治疗作用

目的 探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)急性加重期大鼠肺组织基质金属蛋白酶活性的变化及通塞颗粒的治疗作用。方法 以肺炎克雷白杆菌经鼻腔滴入的方法建立大鼠COPD模型，酶谱法检测大鼠肺组织基质金属蛋白酶。结果 稳定模型组、急重模型组、高剂量组、低剂量组、中药对照组、西药对照组92、72、82、62kD均明显高于空白对照组。急重模型组、西药对照组92、72、82、62kD明显高于稳定模型组，高、低剂量组明显低于中药对照组、西药对照组、急重模型组。结论 MMP-2、MMP-9的活性升高参与COPD肺组织基质损伤。通塞颗粒抑制MMP-2、MMP-9的活性可能是其治疗COPD的主要机制之一。     

天星健骨胶囊对佐剂性关节炎大鼠足爪组织MMP-2及MMP-9表达的影响

目的观察天星健骨胶囊对佐剂性关节炎大鼠足爪组织MMP-2、MMP-9表达的影响。方法采用注射弗氏完全佐剂制作大鼠佐剂性关节炎模型,将造模成功的50只SD大鼠随机分为模型组、天星健骨胶囊低、中、高剂量组(0.4、0.6、0.8 g/kg)、地塞米松组(2 mg/kg)各10只,另设正常组(10只)。观察各组大鼠足爪肿胀度;至28 d采用免疫组化法检测大鼠足爪组织中MMP-2和MMP-9蛋白的表达。结果模型组和正常组,肿胀度差异显著(P0.01),各治疗组肿胀度与模型组比较均有下降(P0.05或P0.01),中药中、高剂量组MMP-2、MMP-9阳性密度明显降低(P0.05或P0.01)。结论天星健骨胶囊可明显改善佐剂性关节炎模型大鼠的症状,其机制可能与其下调MMP-2、MMP-9表达有关。     

维A酸对大鼠实验性阻塞性肺气肿的预防作用及其机制探讨

目的　观察维A酸 (RA)对慢性阻塞性肺气肿大鼠的预防效果并对其机制进行探讨。方法　Wistar大鼠 36只随机分为三组 ,正常对照组、模型组和用药组 ,每组 12只 ,模型组和用药组大鼠进行熏香烟实验 ,用药组同时用RA进行预防。吸烟实验结束后 ,观察各组大鼠的病理及肺功能情况 ,酶联免疫吸附试验 (ELISA)检测基质金属蛋白酶 2 (MMP 2 )和MMP 9的活性变化 ,免疫组化法观察MMP 2和MMP 9以及增殖细胞核抗原 (PCNA)的表达情况。结果　模型组肺功能指标 0 3秒用力呼气容积 (FEV0 3 )、FEV0 3 /FVC(用力肺活量 )和功能残气量 (FRC)分别为 [(5 1± 0 4 )ml、(71± 10 )ml/s、(7 2± 2 2 )ml],与正常对照组 [(6 0± 0 3)ml、(87± 3)ml/s、(2 9± 1 1)ml]比较 ,差异有显著性(P <0 0 1) ;模型组MMP 2和MMP 9的活性分别为 [(1 0 6± 0 2 3)ng/ml、(0 96 0± 0 2 30 )ng/ml],其表达与正常对照组 [(0 5 3± 0 17)ng/ml、(0 30 0± 0 0 90 )ng/ml]比较 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 0 1)。用药组肺功能指标分别为 [(5 2± 0 4 )ml、(81± 5 )ml/s、(6 1± 2 7)ml/s],与模型组比较差异有显著性 (P <0 0 5 ) ;用药组MMP 2和MMP 9的活性 [(0 83± 0 2 3)ng/ml、(0 5 70± 0 0 10 )ng/ml]和表达与模型组比     

白果内酯通过NLRP3相关通路发挥对乙醇致大鼠胃溃疡的保护作用

背景白果内酯对胃溃疡胃黏膜损伤有一定的保护作用,但其具体的作用机制尚不清楚.目的探讨白果内脂通过NOD样受体热蛋白结构域相关蛋白3(NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3,NLRP3)通路改善乙醇诱导胃溃疡的分子机制.方法将60只SD大鼠随机分为空白组(A组,不做处理),模型组(B组,乙醇诱导的急性胃溃疡模型),对照组(C组,20 mg/mL奥美拉唑),低剂量组(D组,1 mg/mL白果内酯)、中剂量组(E组,2.5 mg/mL白果内酯)和高剂量组(F组,5 mg/mL白果内酯),每组10只,比较不同组别大鼠的胃液pH值、胃泌素、胃蛋白酶以及溃疡指数(ulcer index,UI)等,采用Elisa方法检测大鼠腹主动脉血清以及眼眶血清中的NLRP3、半胱氨酸蛋白酶-1(Caspase-1)、IL-18和IL-1β、超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)、丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)和还原型谷胱甘肽(reduced glutathione,GSH)含量.采用实时荧光定量PCR、免疫印迹(WB)法以及免疫荧光法检测胃组织中NLRP3相关通路中NLRP3、白介素-18(IL-1β)、IL-1β、Caspase-1和调亡相关斑点样蛋白(apoptosis associated blotch-like protein,ASC)的表达量变化.结果B组UI、胃泌素、总酸度和胃蛋白酶总活性均明显高于A组(P<0.01),C组,E组和F组的UI、总酸度和胃蛋白酶总活性均低于B组(P<0.01).C组,D组,E组和F组大鼠血清中SOD值和GSH值较B组明显升高(P<0.01).B组大鼠MDA值、NLRP3、Caspase-1、IL-18、IL-1β、Caspase-1和ASC蛋白的mRNA水平和蛋白表达量均明显高于A组(P<0.01).C组,D组,E组和F组大鼠胃组织中MDA值、NLRP3、Caspase-1、IL-18、IL-1β、Caspase-1和ASC蛋白的mRNA水平和蛋白表达量均低于B组(P<0.01).结论白果内脂可通过NLRP3通路抗炎机制达到胃溃疡的保护作用.     

吉法酯对三硝基苯磺酸诱导大鼠实验性结肠炎的作用

目的 观察吉法酯对三硝基苯磺酸(TNBS)诱导的大鼠实验性结肠炎髓过氧化物酶(MPO)、环氧合酶(COX)-1及COX-2表达的影响,探讨吉法酯对溃疡性结肠炎的治疗作用.方法 选用雌性健康SD大鼠40只,均分为A、B、C、D组.A、B、C三组大鼠采用TNBS/乙醇灌肠制作大鼠结肠炎模型.造模后第2天,A组每天给予0.9%氯化钠溶液1 ml灌肠;B组每天给予5-氨基水杨酸(5-ASA)1 ml灌肠(100 mg/kg);C组每天给予吉法酯1 ml灌胃.D组为正常对照组.分别于造模后第7天及第14天每组处死5只大鼠,按疾病活动指数(DAI)的评分标准进行大体损伤评分,HE染色进行组织损伤评分.同时取结肠病变部位组织,生化法检测MPO活性,免疫组化法检测COX-1与COX-2的组织表达.结果 与A组比较,B组和C组的DAI评分、大体损伤形态和组织学损伤评分及MPO活性均降低(P<0.05).与A组相比,B、C、D组第7天和第14天COX-1表达水平升高(P<0.05),分别为0.87±0.18和0.93±0.15比1.86±0.51和1.96±0.41,1.73±0.68和1.79±0.6以及1.91±0.34和1.99±0.45;COX-2水平降低(P<0.05),分别为3.50±0.23和3.06±0.27比1.53±0.19和0.73±0.15,1.73±0.94和0.86±0.29,0.24±0.18和0.18±0.16.D组COX-2表达极弱,与B、C两组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 吉法酯对TNBS诱导的大鼠结肠炎有较好的治疗作用,其疗效与5-ASA相似,其作用机制可能是降低肠组织中MPO的活性和调节COX-1/COX-2表达.     

壳聚糖对大鼠动脉粥样硬化的影响及其机制探讨

目的:研究壳聚糖对大鼠动脉粥样硬化斑块及一氧化氮合酶(NOS)的影响。方法:40只Wistar大鼠均分为:A组(正常对照组);B组:饲以高脂饲料(不含维生素D3);C组:一次性给予大鼠维生素D3(30万U/kg体重)肌肉注射,以球囊损伤主动脉内皮和饲以含维生素D3(1.25×106U/kg)的高脂饲料;D组在C组的基础上饲料中加入5%壳聚糖。90 d后检测主动脉动脉粥样硬化斑块形成及NOS的活性。结果:(1)90 d后C组大鼠胸主动脉形成了明显的动脉粥样硬化斑块,而仅饲以高脂饲料的大鼠胸主动脉结构未见改变,D组大鼠胸主动脉未形成动脉粥样硬化斑块;(2)血管中内皮型一氧化合酶(eNOS)后三组较A组均活性下降(P<0.01),而三者之间无统计学差异;(3)诱导型一氧化氮合成酶(iNOS):B组较A组无差异,而C组较A、B两组表达和活性均显著增加(P<0.05~<0.01),较之C组,D组的水平下降(P<0.01),但仍高于A、B组(P<0.01);(4)较之A组,B、C组的TC、TG、LDL-C水平上升(P<0.05~<0.01),D组的较C组下降(P<0.05~<0.01);B、C组的HDL-C水平较A组明显下降(P<0.01)。结论:壳聚糖可通过抑制胆固醇、甘油三酯等的吸收而发挥抗动脉粥样硬化作用,并通过对血脂的作用而间接发挥对NOS的影响。     

Therapeutic effect of Captopril on rheumatoid arthritis in rats

Objective:To investigate the therapeutic effect of the intervention treatment with different doses of Captopril on TNF-α contents in serum of rheumatoid arthritis(RA) rats,and to provide the theoretical proofs for clinical application of Captopril in treatments ol rheumatoid diseases.Methods:Fifty Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups,namely.Group A,Group 13.Group C.Group D,Group E with 10 rats in each group.Injection of Freund's complete adjuvant was employed to establish adjuvant-induced arthritis model in rats.Group A was model group;after model establishment,rats were treated with 20 mL normal saline as placebo(ip.).Rats in Group B were treated with 8 mg/kg cyclophosphamide(ip.).Rats in Group C.D and E were intraperitoneally injected with 30 mg/kg.100 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg Captopril respectively.Rats in each group were subjected to continuous treatment for 3 weeks,and then sacrificed.Eyeballs of rats were excised and blood was collected.TNF- α content in serum were detected using ELISA:each group rats were compared for the hind legs arthrocele.Right ankle tissues of rats were collected to prepare section,and microscopic observation of pathological changes was performed.Results:TNF- α content in serum of Group A rats was significantly higher than that of rats in other 4 groups(P0.05).TNF- α content in serum of Group B rats was significantly lower compared with that of rats in Groups C.D and E.The highest TNF- α content in serum of rats treated with Captopril was found in Group C,followed by Groups D and E(P0.05).Right ankle arthrocele of rats in Groups B.C.D and E in early stage showed no statistical difference compared with that of Group A rats(P0.05).From Day 8,ankle arthrocele of rats in Groups B.C.D and E was obviously relieved compared with that of Group A rats:the anti-inflammatory effects were gradually enhanced with the extension of medication time.Treatments of Groups C.D and E showed significant activities against tardive aithrocele:the degree of ankle arthrocele in rats of these three groups was lower than that of Group A rats(P0.01).Histological observation showed that large amount of inflammatory cells and plasmocyte infiltration was found in ankle synovial tissues of Group A rats.Relief of hyperaemia and edema of right ankle synovial tissues as well as significant decrease in synoviocyte layer hyperplasia,intra—articular inflammatory cells infiltration and cartilage articularis damage degree etc.were observed in Groups B.C.D and E.Conclusions:Intervention treatment with Captopril can effectively reduce the TNF- α content in serum of rheumatoid arthritis rats and inhibit the generation of inflammatory factors,so as to achieve the therapeutic effect.     

奥曲肽对胰腺癌组织SST2R和SST2RmRNA表达的影响

目的：探索SD大鼠胰腺癌组织SST2R及SST2R mRNA的表达以及外源性生长抑素类似物善得定治疗后其表达量的变化。方法：采用二甲基苯丙蒽（DMBA）诱导鼠胰腺癌模型。将实验大鼠随机分为胰腺癌组（A组）、胰腺癌治疗组（B组）、模型制作后未形成胰腺癌的假阳性组（C组），以及正常大鼠组（D组）。在善得定（10μg/kg，每6h1次）治疗前和治疗后的3d、7d、14d，分别取各组胰腺组织标本。分别采用放射免疫法、逆转录聚合酶链法（RT－PCR）分析各组胰腺癌组织SST2R及SST2RmRNA的表达。结果：A、B组SST2R及SST2RmRNA的表达比C、D组显著减少（P＜0．05），尤以善得定治疗后的B组减少更为明显，其与A组比较有显著性差异（P＜0．05）。B组在治疗后3d、7d、14d时相互比较无显著性差异（P＞0．05），但与其治疗前比较有显著性差异（P＜0．05）。结论；SD大鼠胰腺癌组织SST2RmRNA和SST2Rr 的表达量明显减少；在善得定治疗后其表达量下降量更为明显（P＜0．05）。我们认为，胰腺癌组织SST2R mRNA表达量明显减少可能是导致SSTR表达量显著减少和外源性生长抑素类似物治疗临床胰腺癌效果不佳的主要原因之一。     

钩藤碱对苯丙胺诱导的大鼠条件性位置偏爱的影响及机制探讨

目的 观察钩藤碱对苯丙胺诱导的大鼠条件性位置偏爱的影响,并探讨其机制。方法 将40只雄性SPF级SD大鼠分为空白对照组（A组）、苯丙胺组（B组）、氯胺酮＋苯丙胺组（C组）、钩藤碱＋苯丙胺组（D组）和钩藤碱＋生理盐水组（E组）,每组各8只。分别给予相应药物。第4天将各组大鼠置于条件性位置偏爱箱中并记录其在白箱中的停留时间,同时用脑电超慢涨落分析仪绘制全脑分维参数地形图并检测大鼠脑中内啡肽的水平。结果 氯胺酮和钩藤碱均能消除苯丙胺诱导的大鼠位置偏爱;钩藤碱本身不能引起位置偏爱。A组大鼠的全脑分维参数地形图呈现“脑功能平衡图”,苯丙胺使其完全偏离平衡状态,经氯胺酮或钩藤碱治疗后可恢复。B组大鼠脑内的内啡肽水平明显下降。C、D、E组与A组大鼠脑内内啡肽水平差异无统计学意义。结论 钩藤碱可能通过提高脑中内啡肽含量治疗苯丙胺诱导的条件性位置偏爱;且钩藤碱本身无精神依赖性。     

Anti-inflammatory mechanism of oxymatrine in dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis of rats

AIM: To investigate the anti-inflammatory mechanism of oxymatrine in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis of rats. METHODS: Acute colitis was induced by giving 2% DSS orally in drinking water for 8 d. Twenty-six male rats were randomized into oxymatrine-treated group (group A, 10 rats), DSS control (group B, 10 rats) and normal control (group C, 6 rats). The rats in group A were injected muscularly with oxymatrine at the dosage of 63 mg/(kg·d) from d 1 to 11 and drank 2% DSS solution from d 4 to 11. The rats in group B were treated with 0.9% saline in an equal volume as group A and drank 2% DSS solution from d 4 to 11. The rats in group C were treated with 0.9% saline as group B from d 1 to 11 and drank water normally. Diarrhea and bloody stool as well as colonic histology were observed. The levels of serum tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were determined by ELISA, and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activity and the expression of inter-cellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1) in colonic mucosa were detected by immunohistochemistry method. RESULTS: Compared with DSS contror group, the inflammatory symptoms and histological damages of colonic mucosa in oxymatrine-treated group were significantly improved, the serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and the expression of NF-κB, ICAM-1 in colonic mucosa were significantly reduced. CONCLUSION: The fact that oxymatrine can reduce the serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and the expression of NF-κB and ICAM-1 in colonic mucosa in DSS-induced colitis of rats indicates that oxymatrine may ameliorate the colonic inflammation and thus alleviate diarrhea and bloody stool.     

The relationship between disease activity,quality of life,and personality types in rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis patients

We hypothesized that clinical outcomes might be influenced by personality type (A, B, C, D) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS). One hundred ninety-four patients (104 with RA, 90 with AS) participated in a questionnaire study. We evaluated health-related quality of life (HRQoL) using the Medical Outcome Study Short-Form 36 (SF-36), personality type A/B with the Jenkins Activity Survey, type C with the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory Anger-in Scale, type D with the Type D Personality Scale, and disease activity with Disease Activity Score with 28 joints for RA and Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index for AS. We used Pearson’s correlation coefficient, independent samples t tests, and multivariate analyses of variance. In the RA group, type D personality was significantly correlated with 7/12 SF-36 components. AS patients with type D personality had deficits in all SF-36 subscales. Type D was related with higher disease activity in RA and AS. Both RA and AS type C patients had more active disease forms and negatively affected HRQoL subscales. In the RA group, type A personality did not correlate with HRQoL, but it positively influenced pain visual analog scale scores. In AS patients, type A personality was linked with higher HRQoL and with less active disease. Type C and type D personality types were correlated with decreased HRQoL and higher disease activity in RA and AS patients. Type A personality was associated with less active disease and higher HRQoL in AS patients and with less pain in RA patients.     

2756GG genotype of methionine synthase reductase gene is more prevalent in rheumatoid arthritis patients treated with methotrexate and is associated with methotrexate-induced nodulosis

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the distribution of the A2756G polymorphism of the methionine synthase reductase (MTR) gene in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treated with methotrexate (MTX) compared with a healthy control group; and to examine the relationships among the A2756G polymorphism, plasma total homocysteine (tHcy), serum folate and vitamin B12 levels, disease activity, and MTX toxicity in patients with RA. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was performed on 86 MTX-treated RA patients, consisting of a clinical interview and physical examination to determine disease activity and MTX-related adverse reactions. Genotype analysis of the MTR gene was performed. Fasting plasma tHcy, serum folate, and vitamin B12 levels were measured. Allele and genotype distributions were compared to a healthy control group. RESULTS: The frequency of the 2756GG genotype (16.3%) in the RA study group was higher than that expected in the general population (3.6%; p < 0.000001). This genotype was associated with MTX-induced accelerated rheumatoid nodulosis (MIARN). No association of disease activity variables or plasma homocysteine with MTR A2756G polymorphisms was observed. The MTR 2756GG genotype, low plasma vitamin B12 levels, and the presence of rheumatoid nodules predicted MIARN. No association of nodulosis with any other indicator of disease activity or medical treatment was found. CONCLUSION: In our population of MTX-treated RA patients the 2756GG genotype of the MTR gene was more common than expected and was associated with MIARN.