消化系统神经内分泌肿瘤29例临床分析

目的探讨消化系统神经内分泌肿瘤（NEN）的诊断及治疗策略。方法回顾性分析2000年1月至2012年12月间大连医科大学附属第一医院收治的29例NEN患者的临床资料,依照新的WHO分类法对其治疗方式及预后进行重新评估。结果29例患者中男19例,女10例,平均年龄46．5岁。全部病例均无类癌综合征的临床表现。所有病例均行手术治疗,其中2例胃神经内分泌癌分别行根治性全胃切除和根治性远端胃切除;3例位于十二指肠,其中2例为神经内分泌癌、1例为神经内分泌瘤,均行胰十二指肠切除;2例小肠神经内分泌癌均行小肠部分切除术;3例位于阑尾,其中1例神经内分泌癌行根治性右半结肠切除,2例神经内分泌瘤行阑尾切除术;1例升结肠神经内分泌癌行根治性右半结肠切除术：18例位于直肠,其中4例神经内分泌癌行经腹直肠癌前切除术或腹会阴联合直肠癌根治术,14例神经内分泌瘤则予以经腹直肠前切除术、经肛局部切除术或内镜黏膜切除术。全组13例神经内分泌癌患者术后1年生存率为38．4％,3年生存率为7．7％;16例神经内分泌瘤患者术后5年生存率为8113％。结论消化系统NEN的临床表现无特异性,多位于直肠,手术治疗是有效的方法;神经内分泌癌预后较差,而神经内分泌瘤预后良好。     

胃癌同时性肝转移的临床病理分析和外科治疗效果评价

目的分析影响胃癌同时性肝转移的临床病理因素，探讨胃癌肝转移的治疗方法。方法回顾性分析1994年8月至2004年2月间收治的44例胃癌同时性肝转移患者的病例资料，并与同期收治的无转移的576例胃癌病例资料进行比较，分析影响同时性肝转移的临床病理因素。对胃癌肝转移根治性切除、姑息性切除和探查性手术的生存状况进行分析比较。结果单因素分析显示，腹水、盆结节、腹膜侵犯、浆膜浸润、淋巴结转移、周围脏器受累以及肿瘤Borrmarm分型、浸润深度都与胃癌肝转移有关（P〈0．01）；Logistic回归分析发现，腹膜侵犯（P=0．003）、浆膜浸润（P=0．000）、淋巴结转移（P=0．081）是影响胃癌肝转移最重要的因素。本组胃癌肝转移患者行根治性切除16例（36．4％），姑息性切除15例（34．1），探察性手术13例（29．5％）；中位生存期分别为19．5、11．0和6．2个月：3组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论胃癌肝转移是胃癌的晚期事件；根治性切除胃癌原发病灶和肝转移灶，仍然可以明显提高患者的生存率。     

胃癌切除术切端癌残留的病理特点

目的了解胃癌手术切缘癌残留的病理特点,以探讨相应预防对策。方法整理分析1964年12月至2004年12月间胃癌术后108例发生切端残留癌患者的临床资料。结果108例手术切端残留癌患者占同期有完整资料的胃癌手术患者1670例的6．5％。男女比例为1．4：1．0：年龄23～82（中位年龄54）岁。根治性、姑息性胃癌切除术切端残留癌发生率分别为3．6％（48／1333）和17．8％（60／337）（P=0．000）。早期和进展期胃癌切除术切端残留癌发生率分别为2．3％（3／129）和6．8（105／1541）（P=0．046）。远、近端胃癌切除术切端癌残留率分别为4．5％（37／815）和8．0％（55／689）（P=0．000）。胃上部癌、Borrmann Ⅲ、Ⅳ型、进展期癌、癌肿直径大于或等于5cm、低和未分化癌以及癌肿侵破浆膜者,易发生癌残留（均P〈0．05）。结论癌残留与患者病期及肿瘤的Borrmann分型、大小、分化程度和浸润深度有关。     

胃肝样腺癌三例报告并文献复习

目的 探讨胃肝样腺癌（HAS）的临床病理特点及其诊治,以期指导临床治疗.方法 对华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院胃肠外科诊治的3例HAS和2003年至2013年间国内文献报道的94例HAS病例进行汇总分析.结果 97例HAS患者中男性77例,女性20例,年龄33 ～ 84岁,肿瘤原发于胃窦部54例、胃体部12例、胃底贲门部17例、胃体窦部7例、胃底体部5例.患者血清AFP升高者64例,伴淋巴结转移者59例,伴肝转移者54例,伴肺转移者或腹腔转移6例.有效统计本组63例HAS患者的预后,中位生存期为13个月,3年累积生存率为11.1％.结论 胃肝样腺癌是一类特殊而少见类型的胃癌,原发灶多位于胃窦部,血清AFP水平大都升高,易发生肝脏转移及淋巴结转移,预后较差,应予以重视.     

新辅助化疗对可切除胃神经内分泌癌预后的影响

目的:探讨新辅助化疗（NAC）对胃神经内分泌癌预后的影响。方法:回顾性分析经根治性手术治疗的102例胃神经内分泌癌患者的临床资料,并按是否行NAC进行分组,对比两组患者的无病生存率（DFS）和总体生存率（OS）情况。结果:102例患者中有19例接受了NAC和手术的联合治疗,83例在确诊后直接行手术切除。直接手术组和NA...     

12岁少儿胃癌一例并文献复习

目的探讨少儿胃癌的诊断及治疗以提高诊疗水平。方法总结福建医科大学附属协和医院胃外科于2011年12月17日收治的1例经胃镜确诊的少儿胃癌患者的临床及病理资料;查阅1995年1月至2011年12月间发表的关于少儿胃癌的文献．具体检索福建医科大学图书馆网页MEDLINE、EMBBASE及The Cochrane Library等数据库．检索词为“Children／Pediatricgastriccancer／careinoma”：检索福建医科大学图书馆网页中文期刊全文数据库（CNKI）及中国生物医学期刊文献数据库（CMCC）,检索词为“少儿胃癌”;对少儿胃癌的发病情况、临床表现、治疗及预后进行分析。结果本例患儿12岁,女性。肿瘤位于胃体高位大弯侧近胃底部．予以腹腔镜辅助根治性全胃切除术（D2）,病理提示：胃体溃疡型印戒细胞癌,pT4N0M0,Ⅱb期。术后4d恢复肛门排气,术后9d出院。复习国内外文献共获取少儿胃癌病例15例,其中男7例,女8例,平均年龄12．7（2．5～17．8）岁。肿瘤位于贲门部5例．胃体部1例。胃窦或胃角部4例,胃窦及胃体部1例,未描述部位者4例。印戒细胞癌3例．低分化腺癌6例,中一低分化和中分化腺癌2例,黏液腺癌2例,不清2例。手术治疗11例,围手术期化疗8例。随访9例,半年内死亡4例,半年至1年内死亡4例;1例接受根治性手术和围手术期化疗的生存时间达102个月。结论少儿胃癌发病率极低,恶性度高、预后差,根治性手术是最重要的治疗手段,围手术期化疗可能有助于改善预后。     

混合组织学类型胃癌临床病理特点及预后分析

目的探讨混合型组织学类型胃癌的临床病理特点以及预后分析。方法回顾性分析2003—2006年间在天津医科大学肿瘤医院接受根治性手术治疗、且临床病理资料完整的1108例胃癌患者的临床及随访资料。总结其中混合组织学类型胃癌的临床病理特点及预后。结果全组胃癌患者中,混合型胃癌144例（13．0％）。与单一型胃癌临床病理特征比较,混合型胃癌肿瘤更大、T4期比例更高、更易发生淋巴结转移和远处转移、临床分期更晚（均P〈0．05）。混合型胃癌患者3年和5年生存率分别为26．5％和10．8％,明显低于单一型胃癌患者的58．8％和35．0％（P〈0．01）。单因素和多因素预后分析显示,TNM分期是影响混合型胃癌患者预后的独立因素（P〈0．01）。在混合型胃癌中,高中分化癌加高中分化癌、高中分化癌加低分化癌和低分化癌加低分化癌患者5年生存率分别为19．5％、10．3％和7．6％,差异无统计学意义（P〉0．462）。结论相对于单一组织学类型胃癌,？昆合型胃癌侵袭力更强,总体预后不佳：其组织学成分的不同并不会影响预后。     

胃癌异时性肝转移的治疗及预后因素分析

目的探讨胃癌异时性肝转移的治疗方式及影响预后的相关因素。方法回顾性分析1996年1月至2008年12月天津医科大学肿瘤医院收治的102例胃癌异时性肝转移患者的临床病理资料。其中行单纯化疗64例,化疗联合TACE19例,化疗联合肝转移癌切除19例。患者在术后3年内,每3个月来院随访复查1次,3年后每6个月1次,5年后每年1次。复查内容包括体格检查、实验室检查和影像学检查等。随访时间截至2013年10月。采用Kaplan—Meier法绘制生存曲线,Log—rank法进行显著性检验,COX模型进行预后因素分析。结果102例中行单纯化疗的64例患者,部分缓解15例、稳定22例、进展27例;化疗联合TACE的19例患者,部分缓解6例、稳定9例、进展4例;化疗联合肝转移癌切除的19例患者,术后发生切口感染1例,围手术期无死亡。胃癌复发死亡者16例,其中局部复发10例、多灶复发6例。102例患者中有8例失访,随访时间9～149个月。总体中位生存时间为8个月（2～70个月）,1、3、5年生存率分别为40．2％、17．7％、6．8％。其中64例单纯化疗者中位生存时间为5个月（2—37个月）,1、3、5年生存率分别为15．6％、3．5％、0;19例行化疗联合TACE者中位生存时间为6个月（3～36个月）,1、3、5年生存率分别为26．1％、6．5％、0;19例行化疗联合肝转移癌切除者中位生存时间为15个月（5～70个月）,1、3、5年生存率分别为63．2％、31．6％、16．8％。联合肝转移癌切除者与单纯化疗和联合TACE者累积生存率比较,差异有统计学意义（X2=23．900,P〈0．05）。单因素分析结果显示：原发癌直径、分化程度、是否存在肝外转移、肝转移癌类型、肝转移癌数目和治疗方式与胃癌异时性肝转移的预后相关（,=6．307,7．908,4．375,45．188,18．234,23．900,P〈0．05）。多因素分析结果显示：肝转移癌类型和肝转移癌数目是影响胃癌异时性肝转移预后的独立因素（OR=5．217,3．292,95％CI：1．428～2．882,1．054～2．514,P〈0．05）。结论手术切除肝转移癌仍然是提高患者生存率的关键。在选择治疗方式时应考虑肝转移癌数目和转移癌类型这两个影响患者预后的独立因素。     

结直肠神经内分泌癌的临床诊治及预后

目的探讨结直肠神经内分泌癌的临床诊治及预后。方法回顾性分析1995年1月至2010年1月间河南省肿瘤医院收治的39例结直肠神经内分泌癌患者的临床资料。结果39例患者中男27例．女12例。所有病例均未出现内分泌紊乱的表现,术前有14例（35．9％）经病理学诊断为神经内分泌癌。22例患者行根治性手术．14例行姑息性切除术,3例仅行活检术。所有病例均予顺铂加依托泊苷的术后辅助化疗。36例切除的病灶中,27例（75．0％）有脉管浸润,29例（80．6％）有淋巴结转移：全组患者中有11例（28．2％）出现远处转移。病理分型：高分化型22例（56．4％）,中间型9例（23．1％）．小细胞型8例（20．5％）。全组患者术后获得4．67个月的随访,1、3、5年生存率分别为48．2％、16．5％和6．8％。患者的生存状况与肿瘤的分期、脉管浸润和手术根治性有关（P〈0．05）;而与年龄、性别、肿瘤的大小和位置无关（P〉0．05）。结论结直肠神经内分泌癌无特异性临床表现,恶性程度高．预后差,肿瘤分期、有无脉管浸润和能否根治切除是影响预后的重要因素。     

慢性胃溃疡早期癌变的临床病理特征及预后

目的探讨慢性胃溃疡早期癌变的临床病理特征和预后,为其诊断和治疗策略的合理制定提供参考。方法回顾性分析2003年1月至2010年6月间复旦大学附属中山医院收治的43例慢性胃溃疡早期癌变患者的临床及随访资料,比较其与同期343例胃原发型黏膜内癌（其中I～Ⅱ型275例,Ⅲ型68例）临床病理特点及预后的差异。结果43例慢性胃溃疡早期癌变男性30例（69．8％）,60岁以下者23例（53．5％）;溃疡位于胃体和胃窦者39例（90．7％）,直径小于2cm者26例（60．5％）;癌变后23例为未分化型（53．5％）,4例（9．3％）出现淋巴结转移。43例慢性胃溃疡早期癌变患者中有4例病灶位于胃上1／3,而Ⅲ型黏膜内癌均位于胃中下2／3,差异有统计学意义（P〈O．01）。而在细胞分化程度、脉管癌栓和淋巴结转移等其他临床病理特征方面,溃疡早期癌变与原发型Ⅲ型以及I一Ⅱ黏膜内癌的差异均无统计学意义（均P〉O．05）。43例慢性胃溃疡早期癌变患者术后中位随访57（16—98）月,5年总生存率为95．3％,与I～Ⅱ型（97．4％）和Ⅲ型（94．5％）黏膜内癌比较,差异无统计学意义（P=O．632）。结论慢性胃溃疡早期癌变的临床病理特征与原发型胃黏膜内癌相似,预后良好,经根治性手术治疗能够取得满意疗效。     

Cardia carcinoma considered as a distinct clinical entity

From 1 January 1969 until 31 December 1985, gastric resections were performed in 937 patients with carcinoma of the stomach and 422 patients with carcinoma of the cardia. During this period, the general frequency of cardia carcinoma increased continuously from 6.6 per cent (1969-71) to 37.5 per cent (1984-85) and a corresponding decrease of carcinomas in other sites was observed. Early carcinomas (pT1) of the oesophageal margin (n = 10, 2.4 per cent) were diagnosed less often than early carcinomas in other sites (n = 177, 18.9 per cent). Whereas 51.4 per cent of all resected carcinomas of the stomach showed no lymph node metastases (pN0), only 14.1 per cent of cardia carcinomas belonged to this category. With respect to operative treatment, Laurén's classification which defines the required margin of clearance according to diffuse type (frequency in cardia carcinoma 43 per cent, in other stomach sites 51 per cent), is of great significance. We believe that extensive oesophageal resection is necessary for patients with such difficult tumours. The pattern of metastasis in cardia carcinoma is similar to that of cancer in other stomach sites, the preferred area is the regional lymph nodes on the lesser curve (83 per cent). Histological classification and metastasis pattern show that cardia carcinoma is a type of carcinoma of the stomach which must be treated according to the criteria of stomach cancer surgery.     

Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma: an aggressive form of non-small cell lung cancer

OBJECTIVE: Large cell neuroendocrine carcinomas of the lung display morphologic and immunohistochemical characteristics common to neuroendocrine tumors and the morphologic features of large cell carcinomas. Surgical resection of large cell neuroendocrine carcinomas in many series has been described, with 5-year actuarial survivals ranging from 13% to 57%. Considerable debate has emerged as to whether these tumors should be classified and treated as non-small cell lung cancers or small cell lung cancers. The objective of this study was to report the outcome of surgical resection in patients with large cell neuroendocrine carcinomas. METHODS: An analysis of our tumor registry was performed to identify all patients undergoing surgical resection of lung cancer between July 1, 1988, and December 31, 2002, for large cell tumors. Cases were then segregated into large cell neuroendocrine carcinomas, mixed large cell neuroendocrine carcinomas (in which at least one portion of the tumor was a large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma), or large cell carcinomas on the basis of morphology and differentiation. Follow-up was complete on all patients, with a mean follow-up of 48 months. Type of resection, mortality, and survival by stage were analyzed. Kaplan-Meier survival was determined for all patients from the date of surgical intervention. Cox proportional hazards model analysis incorporating the variables of age, sex, histology, and stage estimated the effect of large cell neuroendocrine carcinomas and mixed large cell neuroendocrine carcinomas on recurrence and death. The stage of disease in all patients was assessed according to the 1997 American Joint Committee on Cancer guidelines. RESULTS: Of the 2099 patients who underwent resection, 82 (3.9%) had large cell lung cancers. Perioperative mortality was 2.4%. Overall survival and freedom from recurrence at 5 years for the entire group was 47.1% and 58.4%, respectively. Overall survival by histologic subtype at 5 years was 30.2% for patients with large cell neuroendocrine carcinomas (n = 45), 30.3% for patients with mixed large cell neuroendocrine carcinomas (n = 11), and 71.3% for patients with large cell carcinomas (n = 21). Survival was significantly worse for patients with large cell neuroendocrine carcinomas than for patients with large cell carcinomas ( P = .013). The presence of large cell neuroendocrine carcinomas in the specimen (the large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma and mixed large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma groups combined) was significantly associated with decreased survival (relative risk, 2.44; 95% confidence interval 1.29-4.58; P = .003) and decreased freedom from recurrence (relative risk, 4.52; 95% confidence interval, 1.76-11.57; P < .001). CONCLUSION: Patients with large cell neuroendocrine carcinomas have a significantly worse survival after resection than patients with large cell carcinomas, even in stage I disease. Accurate differentiation of large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma from large cell carcinoma is important because it identifies those patients at highest risk for the development of recurrent lung cancer.     

Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the lung: a clinicopathologic study of eighty-seven cases

OBJECTIVE: Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the lung is a newly recognized clinicopathologic entity. The clinical characteristics and optimal treatment of patients with large cell carcinomas are not yet established. The aim of this study was to define the clinicopathologic characteristics of large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma. METHODS: The histologic characteristics of the patients receiving an initial diagnosis of poorly differentiated non-small cell lung carcinoma (n = 484), small cell carcinoma (n = 55), carcinoid (n = 31), and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (n = 12) were retrospectively reviewed according to World Health Organization criteria. Immunohistochemistry was performed to confirm the neuroendocrine phenotype. The outcomes and other clinical characteristics of those patients with large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma were retrospectively analyzed and compared with those of patients with poorly differentiated carcinoma of other histologic types. RESULTS: A total of 87 patients were given a diagnosis of large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma after the histologic review. These patients comprised 3.1% of all patients undergoing resection for primary lung cancer during the same period. The overall 5-year survival was 57%. The 5-year survivals of patients with stage I, II, III, and IV disease were 67%, 75%, 45%, and 0%, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between the overall survival of patients with large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma and those with other non-small cell lung cancers. There was a significant difference between the survival of patients with stage I large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma and that of patients with the same stage of other non-small cell lung carcinomas. The site of the first documented recurrence was locoregional in 12 patients (34%), distant metastases in 20 patients (57%), and both simultaneously in 3 patients. Locoregional lymph node recurrences were observed frequently. More than 80% of recurrences were found within 1 year after the operation. CONCLUSION: In terms of prognosis, large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma is distinctly different from other non-small cell lung cancers. The prognosis of large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma was poor, even for early stage disease; the prognosis of the stage I disease of large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma was poorer than that of the same stage of other non-small cell lung cancers. Because of its aggressive clinical behavior and poor prognosis, large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma should be recognized as one of the poorest prognostic subgroups among primary lung cancers, and therefore novel therapeutic approaches should be established.     

双镜联合治疗早期胃癌的临床体会

目的:探讨胃镜、腹腔镜双镜联合治疗早期胃癌的安全性与可行性。方法:回顾分析近6年双镜联合治疗78例早期胃癌患者的临床资料。胃体、远端胃肿瘤非溃疡患者行内镜黏膜下剥离术,近端胃及胃体、远端胃肿瘤合并溃疡患者行双镜联合下腹腔镜胃楔形切除术。标本送快速病理检查。结果:为早期胃癌浸润至黏膜下层及肌层、伴有脉管癌栓、肿瘤直径>20 mm、低分化腺癌(包括印戒细胞癌)的30例患者行腹腔镜胃癌D2根治术,5例近贲门或幽门部位肿瘤患者行单纯胃大部切除术,43例患者仅行内镜黏膜下剥离术或单纯胃楔形切除术。根治患者术后淋巴结转移占全部病例的11.5%,术后均无并发症发生,患者痊愈出院。结论:双镜联合治疗早期胃癌安全、患者创伤小、康复快、疗效确切,更加体现了微创优势,避免了部分患者不必要的根治切除甚至全胃切除的痛苦,值得临床推广。     

38例消化系统神经内分泌癌的临床诊疗分析

目的 探讨消化系统神经内分泌癌的临床病理特点及其诊疗.方法 回顾性分析1985年1月至2008年3月间收治的38例消化系神经内分泌癌的临床资料.结果 本组男29例,女9例.有黑便或便血21例（55%）.腹痛19例（50%）,腹部包块15例（39%）,便秘14例（37%）,直肠肿物12例（32%）,腹胀11例（29%）,大便次数增多或腹泻7例（18%）.均采用手术治疗,其中1例行食管癌根治术,5例行根治性全胃切除.1例行姑息性近端胃切除术,2例行胃局部切除术,6例行胰十二指肠切除术,1例行胰体尾切除,3例行小肠部分切除术,7例行根治性右半结肠切除术,5例行经腹 直肠癌前切除术,3例行腹会阴联合直肠癌根治术,4例行直肠局部切除术.36例患者获得3～144个月的随访,中位随访时间70个月,1、3、5年生存率分别为94.7%、86.8%和57.9%,中位生存期为62个月.肿瘤浸润深度超过肌层组的生存期[（36±5）个月]明显短于肿瘤浸润深度未超过肌层组[（73±5）个月]（P〈0.05）.有淋巴结转移组的生存期[（34±7）个月]明显短于无淋巴结转移组[（74±5）个月]（P〈0.05）.结论 消化系统神经内分泌癌的临床表现无特异性,手术治疗是有效的方法.     

Surgically resected gastric metastasis of pulmonary squamous cell carcinoma

Gastric metastasis of pulmonary carcinoma has been reported to range from 0.19%-5.1%. An autopsy review of cancer disclosed 1.7%-29.6% of gastric metastases, primarily from breast cancer, lung cancer and melanoma. A 71-year-old man was referred to our department because of persistent cough, sputum and sweating for 20 d. Chest posteroanterior view and chest computed tomography scan demonstrated an irregular tumor mass measuring 5.8 cm with central necrosis at the right lower lung. Bronchoscopic biopsy revealed pulmonary squamous carcinoma. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed a huge bleeding ulcer at the body of the stomach and a biopsy diagnosed a metastatic lesion. We performed a palliative total gastrectomy, splenectomy and distal pancreatectomy. The patient did not receive any adjuvant chemotherapy due to his refusal. He was controlled conservatively and survived for 11 mo after surgery. Surgical resection may provide an option for safe palliative treatment. Although gastric metastasis from lung cancer is associated with dismal outcomes, a longer survival or more favorable outcome has been demonstrated in patients undergoing palliative surgical resection of the metastatic site. Considerable improvements in the understanding of metastatic diseases and therapeutic strategies are needed to improve the clinical outcome.     

胃癌根治术保留胰脾功能清除脾门和脾动脉干淋巴结的临床意义

目的 探讨胃癌根治术保留胰脾功能清除脾门和脾动脉干淋巴结（即No10、No11)的合理性和可行性。方法 分析439例手术切除的胃贲门、体部和全胃癌侵入胰脾情况;对54例胃癌患者在术中从贲门和体部浆膜下注入亚甲兰观察胃的淋巴流向;63例胃癌采用保留胰脾功能性清除No10、No11淋巴结方法,与同期保胰法和胰脾切除法比较,分析No10、No11淋巴结转移率,观察术后并发症发生率和生存率。结果 439例胃贲门、体部和全胃癌侵入胰脾机会不多,分别为5．7％（25／439）和2．3％（10／439）;54例胃的美兰淋巴引流不进入脾脏和胰腺内。保留胰腺法、保胰法和胰脾切除法3组No10、11淋巴结转移率分别为17．5％（11／63）,19．1％（12／63）;20．8％（45／216）,25％（54／216）;20％（6／30）,23％（7／30）,差异无显著意义。63例保留胰脾法术后并发症发生率和病死率均较保留胰法和胰脾联合切除法低,而生存期较高,5、10年生存率分别为57．5％、52％,57．4％、47．4％和37．3％、30％。Ⅱ、Ⅲa期患者保留胰脾手术的5、10年生存率明显改善。结论 保胰脾法是一个安全、切实可行的保留脏器功能的胃癌手术,术后并发症低、生存率高。尤对Ⅱ、Ⅲa期患者应行保留胰脾手术。     

胃神经内分泌肿瘤临床病理特点及预后分析

目的:探讨胃神经内分泌肿瘤临床病理特点及其预后.方法:回顾性分析近11年收治的52例胃神经内分泌肿瘤的临床及病理资料.结果:全组男39例,女13例,平均年龄59岁.根据WHO( 2010)神经内分泌肿瘤新分类标准,其中神经内分泌瘤(NET) 19例(1级12例,2级7例),神经内分泌癌(NEC) 29例,混合性腺神经内分泌癌( MANEC)4例.病变发生于贲门、胃底31例(59.6％),胃体11例(21.2％),胃窦10例(19.2％).主要临床表现为上腹饱胀不适和吞咽困难.50例接受手术治疗,其中NET患者经内镜切除5例,胃壁局部切除3例,根治性胃切除11例,术后病理显示14例(73.7％)肿瘤局限在黏膜及黏膜下层,淋巴结转移4例(21.1％),脉管瘤栓1例(5.3％);NEC及MANEC患者行开放式根治性手术17例,姑息性手术13例,单纯探查手术1例,术后病理显示29例(96.7％)肿瘤侵及或穿透浆膜,淋巴结转移27例(90％),脉管瘤栓16例(53.3％).随访2～106个月,19例NET术后局部复发2例(10.5％),远处转移3例(15.8％),死亡2例(10.5％),1,3,5年生存率分别为100％,89％和82％;29例NEC术后局部复发1例(3.4％),远处转移25例(86.2％),死亡21例(72.4％),1,3,5年生存率分别为69％,43％和21％;4例MANEC术后远处转移3例,死亡3例.结论:不同分类的胃神经内分泌肿瘤的临床病理特点及预后各有不同,NET多为早期病变,治疗效果较好;NEC及MANEC恶性程度高,侵袭性强,预后较差.     

腹腔镜残胃癌根治术

残胃癌一般是指胃或十二指肠溃疡等行胃大部切除术后5年以上,或胃癌根治术后10年以上残胃发生的原位癌。因腹腔镜残胃癌根治术切除率低故操作仍困难。虽然腹腔镜胃癌根治术技术趋于成熟,但关于腹腔镜残胃癌的报道仍较少。2009年1月至2012年6月兰州军区兰州总医院在完成700余例腹腔镜胃癌根治术的基础上成功施行腹腔镜残胃癌切除术18例,其结果显示：腹腔镜残胃癌切除术技术上安全可行并有满意的近期效果,已掌握腹腔镜胃癌D2根治术的外科医师可实施腹腔镜残胃癌切除术。