缝隙连接阻滞剂Heptanol对缺血介导的室性心律失常的影响

目的研究缝隙连接阻断剂Heptanol对离体大鼠心脏在血流动力学及电生理学方面的作用,及在心肌局部缺血状态下,对于室性心律失常发生率的影响,以进一步探讨缝隙连接在室性心律失常方面的作用机制.方法(1)在离体心脏水平观察不同浓度Heptanol的作用.观测指标Lvsp(左室峰压),Lvdp(左室舒张末压),dp/dtmax(左室压力最大上升速率),MAPD90(动作电位时程),HR(心率),PR间期,QT间期.(2)结扎左冠状动脉前降支,造成再灌注室性心律失常模型,进行心律失常评分.观察Heptanol对于该评分的影响.结果(1)Heptanol可以使心肌的Lvsp,dp/dtmax下降,Lvdp上升,PR间期延长(P＜0.05),并呈剂量依从性.有使MAPD90增加,QT间期延长及心率下降的趋势,但P＞0.05.(2)可使心律失常评分下降(P＜0.01).结论Heptanol可以使正常心肌的收缩功能和顺应性下降,房室传导时间延长.并有使动作电位时程延长,复极时间延长的趋势.Heptanol可以预防缺血心肌的室性心律失常;提示其作用机制可能与它对缝隙连接的阻断有关.     

缝隙连接阻滞剂预防缺血性室性心律失常及其机制的研究

目的观察缝隙连接阻滞剂类Heptanol对局部心肌缺血性室性心律失常发生率的影响,并探索可能的作用机制。方法①结扎离体SD大鼠冠状动脉前降支,造成左心室前壁局部缺血,观察不同浓度Heptanol对缺血所致室性心律失常发生率的影响。②取缺血部分心肌进行免疫荧光染色及RT PCR检测,应用图像分析系统半定量分析CX43蛋白及mRNA的水平。③实验动物随机分为5组,每组12只,分别为对照组、缺血组、0.1mMHeptanol组、0.3mMHeptanol组、0.5mMHeptanol组。结果①Heptanol可明显降低由于缺血引起的室性心动过速(室速)和心室颤动(室颤,缺血组45%;0.1mMHepta nol组10%;0.3mMHeptanol组0;0.5mMHeptanol组10;P<0.05)。②缺血心肌CX43蛋白表达面积比正常心肌明显减少,Heptanol可使缺血所致的CX43蛋白的减少发生部分逆转(对照组1706±397;缺血组561±147;0.1mMHeptanol组1027±215;0.3mMHeptanol组1112±301;0.5mMHeptanol组1179±425,P<0.05)。mRNA表达与蛋白水平的变化相一致。结论①Heptanol可以减少由于局部缺血引起的室速和室颤发生率。②Heptanol可以部分逆转缺血引起的CX43mRNA和蛋白表达下调。     

心肌缺血预处理和腺苷预处理对兔心肌缺血保护作用的比较

目的 :研究缺血预处理与“腺苷预处理 "对兔心收缩功能和心肌梗死范围的影响 ,探讨两种处理方法对再灌注损伤的可能有益作用。方法 :采用兔缺血再灌注模型 ,分别以缺血前短暂心肌缺血预处理 ,缺血前腺苷预处理和缺血前应用腺苷受体阻滞剂后行缺血预处理。采用 RM- 6 2 80多道生理纪录和分析处理系统处理心肌收缩功能指标 ,采用 Evans蓝 - TTC法测量心肌梗死范围。结果 :与对照组和腺苷受体拮抗剂组相比 ,缺血预处理组及腺苷预处理组心肌梗死范围均减少 （P<0 .0 1） ;左室内压峰值 （L VSP）恢复率和± dp/ dtmax恢复率均增高 （P<0 .0 5 ） ;心律失常发生率均降低。结论 :缺血预处理与腺苷预处理对缺血心脏具有相似的保护作用 ,可改善缺血 -再灌心脏收缩功能 ,缩小心肌梗死范围     

肌膜与线粒体ATP敏感性钾离子通道对缺血预适应小鼠心肌保护的对比研究

目的:对比研究心肌肌膜和线粒体ATP敏感性钾通道(KA TP)在缺血预适应(IP)对小鼠体外心脏缺血/再灌注(I/R)损伤后梗死范围、心律失常和心功能的影响。方法:采用改良的Langendorff小鼠心脏灌注系统同步记录C57BL/6小鼠心脏心电图、左心室发展压和左心室压发展速率。选用特异性心肌肌膜KA TP阻断剂HMR109830μmol/L和特异性心肌线粒体KA TP阻断剂5HD500μmol/L。分对照组、IP组、IP加HMR1098组和IP加5HD组。IP组稳定16min后,行2个循环的IP,缺血2min和再灌注5min;然后缺血20min和再灌注45min,对照组无IP。在45min再灌注结束后,测定心肌梗死范围。结果:与对照组相比,IP组能显著降低心肌梗死范围,分别为(38·1±1·82)%和(29·4±2·71)%(P<0·05),但对心律失常积分和心功能恢复无明显影响。与IP组相比,IP加HMR1098组和IP加5HD组能显著增加心肌梗死范围和降低心功能,心肌梗死范围分别为(45·6±4·7)%和(51·1±5·2)%,但2组间差异无统计学意义。结论:IP对小鼠体外心脏I/R损伤具有保护作用,心肌肌膜和线粒体KA TP在IP后I/R损伤过程中均起重要作用。心肌梗死范围可作为IP保护心肌的可靠指标,但要慎重对待心律失常和心功能的变化。     

维拉帕米对缺血再灌注损伤心肌保护机制的探讨

目的 :探讨维拉帕米对缺血再灌注损伤心肌的保护作用及其机制。方法 :①建立家兔心肌缺血再灌注模型。将 2 4只家兔按再灌注时限的不同及是否给予维拉帕米 (0 .2mg/kg静脉注射 )干预分为 4组 (A1、A2、B1、B2 ) ,测定各组的心肌梗死范围 ,并在电镜下对缺血再灌注心肌进行超微结构观察。②根据心肌缺血再灌注不同时限对 33只家兔进行分组 ,采用免疫组化法检测同一剂量维拉帕米 (0 .2mg/kg静脉注射 )对缺血再灌注不同时限心肌组织bcl 2蛋白的表达情况。结果 :①与 0 .85 %氯化钠组比较 ,维拉帕米组可明显减小心肌梗死范围(P <0 .0 1) ,改善其超微结构的变化。②与假手术对照组和 0 .85 %氯化钠组比较 ,维拉帕米组能显著上调缺血再灌注心肌bcl 2蛋白的表达 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :维拉帕米可明显减轻心肌缺血再灌注损伤 ,其心肌保护机制可能是通过其促进缺血再灌注心肌组织bcl 2蛋白的表达来实现的     

缺血预适应对高血脂动脉硬化兔心肌的影响

目的研究缺血预适应(IP)对高血脂动脉硬化兔心肌的影响。方法用高胆固醇饲料喂养家兔,血总胆固醇≥15mmol/L,29只高血脂兔分为三组,采用结扎/开放左冠状动脉前降支(LDADC)的方法,给予不同时间和强度的缺血预处理:无缺血预处理组(HR1);缺血预处理组(HR2);多次及延长缺血预处理组(HR3),24只正常血脂兔也分为三组(NR1,NR2,NR3),实验方法与上述各组相同。缺血预处理后阻断冠状动脉30min,再灌注30min,给予程序电刺激,测定心室颤动阈(VFT)。心肌切片氯化硝基四氮唑蓝染色(NBT),判断心肌梗死面积(IS)。结果IP对正常兔心肌有保护作用:NR2、NR3组与NR1组相比,IS缩小,(P<0.01);VFT增高(P<0.05);对高血脂兔无作用(P>0.05)。增加缺血次数,延长缺血时间,对正常血脂兔,保护作用无改变(P>0.05);但加重高血脂兔后续缺血的损害:IS增加(P<0.01);VFT降低(P<0.05)。结论缺血预处理的保护作用与心肌的状态有关。对高血脂、动脉硬化兔心肌,缺血预处理的保护作用可能消失。     

腺苷预适应对心肌的延迟保护研究

目的 旨在证实ATP敏感性钾通道(KATP)的开放和内源性一氧化氮合成酶(iNOS)表达上调介导了腺苷(ADO)预处理的延迟保护.方法 实验动物随机分成4组,对照组:心肌缺血前24 h静注生理盐水;ADOA1受体激动剂(CCPA)组:心肌缺血前24 h静注CCPA进行药物预处理;格列苯脲(Gli)组:心肌缺血前30 min静注Gli;CCPA/Gli组:在CCPA组处理的基础上,心肌缺血前30 min静注Gli.采用家兔离体工作心脏模型,各组心肌均缺血30 min,复灌30 min.观察缺血/再灌注前后血流动力学和心功能变化.测定再灌注后冠脉流出液乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、肌酸激酶(CPK)、一氧化氮(NO)和心肌组织三磷酸腺苷(ATP)含量.用氯化三苯基四氮唑(TTC)判断心肌梗死范围.逆转录酶链聚合法测定iNOSmRNA.结果 ①CCPA预处理明显改善心肌缺血/再灌注后心功能的恢复,且这种保护作用被Gli阻断;②CCPA预处理减少心肌缺血/再灌注后冠脉流出液LDH、CPK含量,且Gli可抑制这种保护效应;③CCPA预处理可缩小心肌梗死范围,且被Gli阻断;④CCPA预处理可增加心肌组织ATP浓度,Gli可拮抗这种保护作用;⑤CCPA预处理轻度提高心肌组织NO浓度,此效应不受Gli影响;⑥CCPA预处理上调心肌组织iNOS表达,此效应不受Gli拮抗.结论 iNOS合成的NO通过激活KATP介导ADO预处理的延迟保护效应.     

下肢缺血预处理对大鼠心肌HIF-1α表达的影响

目的 观察急性心肌梗死(AMI)和经下肢缺血预处理的大鼠缺血心肌中缺氧诱导因子-1α(HIF-1α)基因的表达及其在早期心肌缺血状态下的表达规律.方法 SD大鼠随机分为3组:①对照组;②AMI组:结扎左冠状动脉前降支;③下肢缺血预处理(LIP)组:下肢动脉夹闭再开放,随后复制AMI模型.应用伊文思蓝及氯化三苯硝基四氮唑红(TTC)染色,测定心肌梗死范围;应用RT-PCR测定各组心肌缺血区HIF-1α基因动态表达情况.结果 LIP组心肌梗死面积较AMI组明显减小;HIF-1α mRNA在正常心肌有表达,心肌缺血早期相升高;经下肢缺血预处理后缺血心肌的表达降低.结论 下肢缺血预处理对急性缺血心肌有保护作用,HIF-1α基因表达减少可能是其机制之一.     

心肌缺血预适应保护作用的研究进展

1986年,Murry等首次提出了缺血预适应(ischemicpreconditioning,IP)的概念,即一次或几次短暂重复的缺血和再灌注,能够增强心肌对缺血缺氧的耐受能力。其保护作用分为两个时相,早期相又称为第一窗,为IP后立即表现出来的心肌保护作用,持续不到3h;延迟相出现在预处理24～72h,又称为第二窗。IP的保护作用表现为心肌缺血再灌注后心肌梗死面积减小,降低心律失常发生率,改善缺血后心肌的功能,延缓心肌超微结构的变化。IP的机制目前尚未完全阐明,但其过程涉及内源性触发物质的释放并作用于细胞膜,它们通过调节介质如蛋白激酶(PKC)、抑制性G蛋…     

他汀预处理的心肌保护作用与ATP敏感性钾通道

急性冠脉综合征患者早期他汀治疗的疗效与其非降脂作用有关。他汀具有多种非降脂作用,新近研究发现其能作用于心肌产生保护作用。有多个资料显示,他汀预处理有明确的心肌保护作用,如改善微血管的通透性,抑制炎症反应,减轻心肌细胞结构损伤和缩小心肌梗死的范围。ATP敏感性钾通道(KATP)已被公认为是缺血预处理的重要环节。心肌KATP有两个结构、功能不同的位点,即细胞膜KATP(sarcolKATP)和线粒体膜KATP(mitoKATP),二者分别以不同的机制在缺血预处理或药物预处理中发挥作用。有资料证实,KATP途径是他汀预处理的重要机制,其中mitoKATP可能发挥着重要作用,而他汀预处理与sarcolKATP的关系尚未见报道。     

Cardioprotection Acquired Through Exercise: The Role of Ischemic Preconditioning

A great bulk of evidence supports the concept that regular exercise training can reduce the incidence of coronary events and increase survival chances after myocardial infarction. These exercise-induced beneficial effects on the myocardium are reached by means of the reduction of several risk factors relating to cardiovascular disease, such as high cholesterol, hypertension, obesity etc. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that exercise can reproduce the “ischemic preconditioning” (IP), which refers to the capacity of short periods of ischemia to render the myocardium more resistant to subsequent ischemic insult and to limit infarct size during prolonged ischemia. However, IP is a complex phenomenon which, along with infarct size reduction, can also provide protection against arrhythmia and myocardial stunning due to ischemia-reperfusion. Several clues demonstrate that preconditioning may be directly induced by exercise, thus inducing a protective phenotype at the heart level without the necessity of causing ischemia. Exercise appears to act as a physiological stress that induces beneficial myocardial adaptive responses at cellular level. The purpose of the present paper is to review the latest data on the role played by exercise in triggering myocardial preconditioning.     

远距预处理对心肌缺血再灌注损伤的影响

观察肢体缺血预处理对在体和离体心脏缺血再灌注 (I/R)的影响 ,探讨其发生的可能机制。分别制备在体、离体和远距预处理大鼠心肌梗死模型 ,将 6 0只大鼠随机分为 6组 ,①在体心脏I/R组 (IR1组 ) ,②预处理后在体心脏I/R组 (PC1组 ) ,③离体心脏I/R组 (IR2 组 ) ,④预处理后摘取离体心脏I/R组 (PC2 组 ) ,⑤两组空白对照组 (C1,C2 )各组 10只大鼠。结果 :⑥PC1组与IR1组比较 ,心肌梗死面积明显减少 (12 .9%± 1.7%vs 39.2 %± 2 .4 % ,P <0 .0 1) ,室性心律失常发生率降低 (8.3%vs4 1.7% ,P <0 .0 5 ) ,血CK含量降低 (86 3.35± 139.87vs12 5 0 .16± 36 9.33U/L ,P <0 .0 1) ,血清MDA含量减少 (2 .2 4± 0 .4 2vs 4 .5 3± 0 .30 μmol/L ,P <0 .0 1) ,SOD活性增加 (36 0 .6 0± 70 .33vs185 .0 0± 4 9.75U/L ,P <0 .0 1) ,血浆中NO2 -/NO3 -含量升高 (5 3.2 8± 5 .34vs 32 .2 5± 6 .4 8μmol/L ,P <0 .0 1)。②PC2 组与IR2 组比较 ,两组在心肌梗死范围 ,室性心律失常发生率方面均无明显差异 ,冠脉流出液中CK含量、组织中MDA含量及SOD活性测定亦无明显差异。结论 :远距预处理对在体心脏缺血再灌注损伤具有心肌保护作用 ,而经历预处理的离体心脏则无此作用 ,提示远距预处理对心脏I/R损伤的保护作用可?     

缝隙连接阻滞剂heptanol对缺血所致室性心律失常的影响

目的 观察缝隙连接阻滞剂heptanol对局部心肌缺血性室性心律失常发生率的影响,并探索可能的作用机制.方法 结扎离体SD大鼠冠状动脉前降支,造成左心室前壁局部缺血.观察不同浓度heptanol对缺血所致室性心律失常发生率的影响.记录在0、缺血10、20及30 min各时间点动作电位复极90%时限(MAPD90)、心率、PR间期以及QT间期的变化.结果 heptanol可以明显降低由于缺血引起的室性心动过速(室速)和心室颤动(室颤,缺血组45%;0.1 mmol组10%;0.3 mmol组0;0.5 mmol组0;P＜0.05).heptanol可以降低心率,延长PR间期、QT间期和MAPD90.结论 heptanol可以减少由于局部缺血引起的室速和室颤发生率,这种作用可能与其降低心肌电传导有关.     

缝隙连接阻滞剂Heptanol对心脏血流动力学的影响

目的:观察缝隙连接阻滞剂Heptanol对离体SD大鼠心脏机械功能及缺血心肌组织的影响。方法:(1)建立离体SD大鼠心脏Langendorff灌流模型,灌流含有Heptanol的K-H灌流液,观察离体SD大鼠心脏收缩及舒张功能。(2)结扎左前降支,建立局部心肌缺血模型,观察Heptanol对缺血心脏的机械功能的作用。(3)透射电镜观察Heptanol对缺血心肌结构的影响。结果:(1)Heptanol可以降低正常心脏的左室压力最大上升速率(dp/dt max)和左室收缩峰值(LVSP),对左室舒张末压(LVEDP)没有明显影响。(2)缺血心脏的LVSP、dp/dt max下降,LVEDP上升。Heptanol对缺血心脏的LVSP、dp/dtmax、LVEDP均无明显影响。(3)透射电镜观察可见缺血使心肌组织遭到破坏,Heptanol可以减轻组织损伤。结论:(1)Heptanol可以使正常心脏的收缩功能下降,对舒张功能无明显影响,不会使缺血心脏的机械功能进一步下降。(2)Heptanol可以减轻由于缺血造成的心肌组织破坏。     

庚醇预处理对兔缺血再灌注心肌凋亡和线粒体结构与功能的影响

目的探讨庚醇预处理对兔心肌缺血再灌注心肌凋亡和线粒体结构与功能的影响及可能机制。方法大白兔80只,随机分为假手术组、心肌缺血再灌注组(IR组)、缺血预处理组(IP组)、庚醇预处理组(HT组)以及庚醇预处理加5-HD干预组(5-HD组)。采用TUNEL法检测各组缺血心肌细胞凋亡,用透射电镜观察心肌细胞的超微结构改变,同时检测线粒体膜电位、Ca~(2+)、MDA、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)浓度。结果假手术组心肌线粒体结构正常。与IR组和5-HD组比较,HT组和IP组心肌凋亡指数明显减少,心肌线粒体形态结构改变明显减轻(P0.05);线粒体膜电位明显升高、Ca~(2+)浓度明显下降(P0.05,P0.01)。与IR组比较,IP组SOD浓度明显升高、MDA浓度明显下降(P0.05)。结论庚醇可改善心肌凋亡以及保护心肌线粒体结构,其机制可能与线粒体ATP敏感性钾通道有关。     

庚醇预处理的心脏保护作用对细胞膜缝隙连接蛋白43的影响

目的探讨庚醇预处理对家兔心肌缺血再灌注损伤的作用及其机制。方法将50只新西兰大白兔随机分为5组:假手术组、缺血再灌注组(IR组)、缺血预处理组(IP组)、庚醇预处理组(HP组)、庚醇预处理加5-羟葵酸(5-HD)预处理组(HP+5-HD组),每组10只。所有新西兰大白兔再灌注4h后处死。分别于术前、缺血时、再灌注2、4h检测血浆肌酸激酶同工酶和心肌肌钙蛋白活性;采用免疫荧光标记检测Cx43。结果与IR组比较,IP组及HP组心肌坏死区/左心室范围明显降低(P<0.01)。与假手术组比较,IR组、HP+5-HD组Cx43mRNA表达明显降低(P<0.01);与HP+5-HD组比较,IP组、HP组Cx43mRNA表达明显升高(P<0.01);与IR组比较,IP组、HP组、HP+5-HD组Cx43mRNA表达明显升高(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论庚醇预处理可以通过衰减由心肌缺血再灌注诱导的细胞膜Cx43表达下降,对损伤心肌起到保护作用。     

Preinfarction angina: no interference of coronary microembolization with acute ischemic preconditioning

Transient episodes of angina preceding acute myocardial infarction may both, protect the myocardium by ischemic preconditioning or damage it when associated with coronary microembolization. We now studied the potential loss of ischemic preconditioning with coronary microembolization. Anesthetized pigs (group 1; n=8) were subjected to 90 min sustained low-flow ischemia. Group 2 (n=8) was subjected to coronary microembolization (i.e. microspheres; 42 microm slashed circle; 3000 per ml min-1 inflow) 35 min before sustained ischemia. In group 3, coronary microembolization was followed 10 min later by one cycle of ischemic preconditioning (10 min ischemia/15 min reperfusion) before subsequent sustained ischemia. Infarct size was determined after 2 h reperfusion by triphenyl tetrazolium chloride staining. Infarct size after sustained ischemia alone (group 1) was 19.4+/-3.4% of the area at risk (mean+/-S.E.M.). With coronary microembolization before sustained ischemia (group 2) infarct size was only slightly larger (23.6+/-4.6%, ns). In group 3 with microembolization followed by ischemic preconditioning, infarct size was reduced to 12.7+/-3.0% (P<0.05 vs. group 2). The relationships between infarct size and transmural blood flow in groups 1 and 3 were not different, giving the impression that ischemic preconditioning failed to protect microembolized myocardium. However, additional coronary microembolization shifted the relationship between infarct size and blood flow upwards to a larger infarct size at any given blood flow. Thus when comparing the relationship of group 3 to its true control (group 2), it was shifted downwards (P<0.05; analysis of covariance (ANCOVA)) indicating persistent protection of microembolized myocardium by ischemic preconditioning. Coronary microembolization induces additional infarction when superimposed on sustained ischemia but does not interfere with the endogenous protection by ischemic preconditioning.     

Preconditioning with ischemia: a delay of lethal cell injury in ischemic myocardium

We have previously shown that a brief episode of ischemia slows the rate of ATP depletion during subsequent ischemic episodes. Additionally, intermittent reperfusion may be beneficial to the myocardium by washing out catabolites that have accumulated during ischemia. Thus, we proposed that multiple brief ischemic episodes might actually protect the heart from a subsequent sustained ischemic insult. To test this hypothesis, two sets of experiments were performed. In the first set, one group of dogs (n = 7) was preconditioned with four 5 min circumflex occlusions, each separated by 5 min of reperfusion, followed by a sustained 40 min occlusion. The control group (n = 5) received a single 40 min occlusion. In the second study, an identical preconditioning protocol was followed, and animals (n = 9) then received a sustained 3 hr occlusion. Control animals (n = 7) received a single 3 hr occlusion. Animals were allowed 4 days of reperfusion thereafter. Histologic infarct size then was measured and was related to the major baseline predictors of infarct size, including the anatomic area at risk and collateral blood flow. In the 40 min study, preconditioning with ischemia paradoxically limited infarct size to 25% of that seen in the control group (p less than .001). Collateral blood flows were not significantly different in the two groups. In the 3 hr study, there was no difference between infarct size in the preconditioned and control groups. The protective effect of preconditioning in the 40 min study may have been due to reduced ATP depletion and/or to reduced catabolite accumulation during the sustained occlusion. These results suggest that the multiple anginal episodes that often precede myocardial infarction in man may delay cell death after coronary occlusion, and thereby allow for greater salvage of myocardium through reperfusion therapy.     

远隔预处理和后处理对兔急性心肌缺血再灌注损伤的作用

目的探讨远隔预处理和后处理是否具有减轻兔心肌缺血再灌注损伤的作用及其机制。方法新西兰大白兔40只，随机平均分为4组：对照组、心肌缺血预处理组、肢体缺血预处理组和肢体缺血后处理组，分组进行干预。测定血浆磷酸肌酸激酶（CK）和丙二醛（MDA）活性及心肌梗死面积并检测组织髓过氧化物酶（MPO）活性。结果心肌缺血预处理组、肢体缺血预处理组和肢体缺血后处理组心肌梗死面积、再灌注末MDA活性、缺血组织MPO活性均明显低于对照组（均P〈0．01）。结论远隔预处理和后处理均有显著的心脏保护作用，其作用可能与减轻活性氧的损伤及抗氧化作用加强有关。     

Ischemic preconditioning. Is it always a beneficial phenomenon?]

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Hearts exposed to reversible ischemia stand a subsequent prolonged episode of coronary artery occlusion (ischemic preconditioning) better. The reduction of infarct size by means of preconditioning has been amply demonstrated, but the relationship between preconditioning and contractile function remains less well defined. In this study we assess the effect of a later ischemia on the regional contractility in a stunned-preconditioned myocardium. METHODS: We analyze the shortening fraction in the ischemic (dependent on the left anterior descending coronary artery), periischemic and control zone (dependent on the left circumflex coronary artery), using chronic implants of ultrasonic crystals in 17 adult mongrel dogs. In the control series, we quantified the effects of partial (30-60% reduction of coronary flow from the basal) and transitory (15 minutes) ischemic episode in the regional myocardial function in a "virgin" myocardium. In two other series, the myocardium was previously stunned-preconditioned through brief and repeated ischemias. Afterwards, at 5th day (series B) and at 15th day (series C), the dogs were subjected to ischemic episode similar to control ones. RESULTS: After comparing the results with the control series, we observed that the shortening fraction of the ischemic zone was decreased by 107% (p < 0.01) during partial ischemic episode when it was induced on the 5th day of the stunning-preconditioning (series B). CONCLUSIONS: In dogs, the brief and repeated episodes of ischemia could condition the contractile function so that a later partial and transitory reduction of coronary flow could induce a severe affectation of contractility expressed as a diskinetic area.