吸烟对牙周炎患者龈沟液中弹性蛋白酶水平的影响

目的比较吸烟与非吸烟牙周炎患者和健康人龈沟液中细胞外弹性蛋白酶EA-s和细胞内弹性蛋白酶(EA-p)水平的变化。方法选择慢性牙周炎患者41例,共146个探诊出血(BOP)、牙周袋探诊深度(PD)≥4mm、附着丧失(AL)≥2mm的牙周炎位点,将其分为吸烟组79个,非吸烟组67个。同时选择牙周健康者31人作为对照,共85个探诊不出血,牙龈指数(GI)≤1,PD≤3mm,AL≤1mm的位点,同样分为2组,吸烟组45个,非吸烟组40个。观察牙周治疗前、后牙周临床指标菌斑指数(PLI),GI,PD,AL,BOP和龈沟液中EA-s、EA-p水平的变化。结果牙周炎患者中,吸烟组的GI,AL和EA-s水平低于非吸烟组(P<0.05),其余指标差异无显著性(P>0.05),健康者的各项指标差异均无显著性(P>0.05)。无论是吸烟组还是不吸烟组,牙周炎患者的EA-s,EA-p水平均高于健康者(P<0.05)。结论吸烟会降低牙周炎患者龈沟液中EA-s水平,但对EA-p水平影响不大。吸烟对健康人EA水平无显著影响。     

吸烟对牙龈炎治疗前后龈沟液中弹性蛋白酶水平的影响

目的:研究吸烟和不吸烟牙龈炎患者治疗前后龈沟液中细胞外弹性蛋白酶EA-s和细胞内弹性蛋白酶EA-p水平的变化.方法:慢性龈缘炎患者37例,共119个探诊出血位点,GI≥2,PD≤3 mm,AL≤1 mm的牙龈炎位点,吸烟组17例59个位点,非吸烟组20例60个位点.观察牙周治疗前后PLI,GI,BOP和龈沟液中EA-s,EA-p水平的变化.结果:治疗前,吸烟组GI低于非吸烟组(P＜0.05),两组间EA-s,EA-p水平无显著性差异(p＞0.05).治疗后,两组各临床指标和EA-s水平均有不同程度下降.两组间各临床指标和EA-s,EA-p水平无显著性差异(p＞0.05).结论:吸烟对牙龈炎患者治疗前后龈沟液中EA-s,EA-p水平无显著影响.     

吸烟对牙龈炎患者和健康人龈沟液中弹性蛋白酶水平的影响

目的比较牙龈炎患者和健康人龈沟液中细胞外弹性蛋白酶EA-s和细胞内弹性蛋白酶EA-p水平的变化。方法选取慢性牙龈炎患者37人,共119个探诊出血、牙龈指数(gingival index,GI)≥2、牙周袋探诊深度(probing depth,PD)≤3mm、附着丧失(attachment loss,AL)≤1mm的牙龈炎位点,将其分为吸烟组59个,非吸烟组60个。同时选取牙周健康者31人作为对照,共85个探诊不出血、GI≤1、PD≤3mm、AL≤1mm的位点,同样分为两组,吸烟组45个,非吸烟组40个。观察牙周临床指标菌斑指数(plaque index,PLI)、GI、探诊出血指数(bleeding on probing,BOP)和龈沟液中EA-S、EA-p水平的变化。结果牙龈炎患者中,吸烟组的PLI明显高于非吸烟组(P<0.05),GI低于非吸烟组(P<0.05),健康者的各临床指标均无显著差异(P>0.05)。无论是牙龈炎患者还是健康者,吸烟组与非吸烟组间EA-s,EA-p水平均无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论吸烟对牙龈炎患者和健康人龈沟液EA水平无显著影响。     

盐酸米诺环素缓释剂对慢性牙周炎龈沟液弹性蛋白酶水平的影响

目的：观察慢性牙周炎应用盐酸米诺环素缓释软膏治疗前后龈沟液中细胞外弹性蛋白酶（elastase in su-pernatant,EA-s）和细胞内弹性蛋白酶（elastase in the pellet,EA-p）水平的变化。方法：35例慢性牙周炎患者,每例口腔左右两个象限随机分为实验组和对照组,基础治疗后实验组使用盐酸米诺环素缓释软膏,1周1次,共4周,对照组不使用盐酸米诺环素缓释软膏,测定两组治疗前后龈沟液中EA-s和EA-p水平。结果：实验组、对照组在治疗后龈沟液中EA-s和EA-p的总量和浓度均明显降低（p〈0.01）。治疗前后实验组与对照组龈沟液中EA-s和EA-p的总量和浓度变化有显著性差异,实验组优于对照组（p〈0.01）。结论：基础治疗和盐酸米诺环素缓释软膏联合应用对慢性牙周炎的治疗在降低龈沟液中EA方面优于单纯的基础治疗。     

牙周基础治疗对龈沟液和血清内皮素、VEGF-A和TNF-α水平的影响

目的 观察非手术性牙周治疗对龈沟液和血清中内皮素（endothelin,ET）、血管内皮细胞生长因子A（vascular endothelial growth factor -A,VEGF-A）和肿瘤坏死因子α（tumor necrosis factor -α,TNF-α）水平的影响。方法 收集2017年10月—2018年6月于广州中医药大学深圳医院就诊的牙周炎患者57例及同期来院进行体检的43名健康人,分别作为牙周炎组与正常对照组。牙周炎组患者给予龈下深刮和根面平整治疗6周。检测2组受试者治疗前、后牙龈探诊出血（bleeding on probing,BOP）率、菌斑指数（plaque index,PI）、探诊深度（probe depth,PD）、临床附着水平（clinical attachment level,CAL）及牙龈指数（gingival index,GI）等牙周临床参数,以及龈沟液与血清中内皮素、VEGF-A和TNF-α水平,分析牙周炎患者治疗前龈沟液中ET水平与VEGF-A及TNF-α水平的关系。采用SPSS 21.0软件包对数据进行统计学分析。结果 正常对照组受试者BOP、PI、PD、CAL及GI等牙周临床参数均显著小于牙周炎组患者（P<0.05）;牙周炎组患者治疗前BOP、PI、PD、CAL及GI等牙周临床参数均显著大于治疗后（P<0.05）;治疗后,牙周炎组患者龈沟液与血清中ET、VEGF-A及TNF-α水平较治疗前显著下降（P<0.05）;且牙周炎组患者治疗前、后龈沟液与血清中ET、VEGF-A及TNF-α水平均显著大于正常对照组（P<0.05）;牙周炎患者治疗前龈沟液中ET水平与VEGF-A水平无显著相关性（P>0.05）,但治疗前龈沟液中ET水平与TNF-α水平呈显著正相关（P<0.05）。结论 非手术性治疗可降低牙周炎患者龈沟液与血清中ET、VEGF-A、TNF-α水平,改善患者牙周情况。龈沟液中ET水平与TNF-α水平呈显著正相关。     

牙周炎症对牙龈组织巨噬细胞胞外诱捕网形成的影响

目的:探讨牙周炎症对牙龈组织中巨噬细胞胞外诱捕网(METs)形成的影响。方法:纳入基础治疗后,需进行牙周翻瓣手术的牙周炎患者29例,以牙周健康的牙冠延长术患者20例作为对照。术前记录菌斑指数(PLI)、牙龈指数(GI)、探诊深度(PD)、临床附着丧失(CAL)等牙周临床指标,收集龈沟液(GCF)样本,术中收集牙周炎患者牙周破坏最严重部位的牙龈组织及牙冠延长术患者的健康牙龈组织。采用激光共聚焦显微镜观察牙龈组织中METs的形成情况,采用ELISA技术检测GCF中TNF-α和IL-9表达水平,分析两组样本METs形成水平与各牙周临床指标、GCF中TNF-α、IL-9水平的相关性。结果:牙周炎组METs形成分数,PLI、GI、PD、CAL等牙周临床指标,以及TNF-α、IL-9水平均显著高于正常对照组(P<0.05)。METs形成分数与PD、CAL正相关(P<0.05)。结论:牙周炎症破坏可以促进牙龈组织中METs的形成。     

不同牙周状态下龈沟液中瘦素水平的比较

目的:检测牙周健康者、慢性龈炎和慢性牙周炎患牙龈沟液中瘦素水平,为牙周炎的早期诊断提供客观指标。方法:选择牙周健康者、慢性龈炎和慢性牙周炎患者3组,治疗前记录牙周各项临床指标,并用Whatman^ 1号滤纸收集颊侧近远中牙周袋内GCF采用ELISA检测瘦素含量;同时收集血清进行瘦素水平的检测。结果:3组中慢性牙周炎组龈沟液中瘦素水平与牙周健康者龈沟液中瘦素水平比较有显著差异(P<0.05),慢性牙周炎组龈沟液中瘦素水平与慢性龈炎龈沟液中瘦素水平及慢性龈炎组龈沟液中瘦素水平与牙周健康者龈沟液中瘦素水平比较均无显著差异;牙周健康者、慢性龈炎和慢性牙周炎患者血液中瘦素水平比较均有显著差异(P<0.05)。血中的瘦素与临床指标PLI (P<0.01,r=0.593)、PD(P<0.05,r=0.920)、BI(P<0.05,r=0.862)、AL(P<0.05,r=0.846)均相关;龈沟液中的瘦素与临床指标PLI(P<0.01,r=0.813)、PD(P<0.05,r=0.962))、BI(P<0.05,r=0.720、AL(P<0.05,r=0.946)均相关。结论:龈沟液中瘦素水平可能是反映牙周组织状况的一项较为客观的指标。     

龈沟液中正五聚体蛋白3水平与慢性牙周炎的相关性研究

目的：研究慢性牙周炎患者牙周基础治疗前后龈沟液中正五聚体蛋白3（Pentraxin-3,PTX3）的水平变化及其与牙周临床指标的相关性,探讨龈沟液中PTX3水平与牙周状态的关系。方法：采集20例慢性牙周炎患者20个牙周相对健康位点、20个炎症位点治疗前后的龈沟液,同时记录治疗前后炎症位点的探诊深度（probing depth,PD）、临床附着丧失（clinical attachmentloss,CAL）、龈沟出血指数（sulcus bleeding index,SBI）。用酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）检测龈沟液中的PTX3的浓度。结果：炎症组龈沟液中PTX3的水平显著高于牙周相对健康组,龈沟液中PTX3水平在牙周基础治疗后显著下调,且与PD、CAL、SBI及龈沟液的量呈正相关。结论：龈沟液中PTX3的水平与牙周组织炎症程度具有显著相关性。     

吸烟对牙周基础治疗效果影响的研究

目的评价吸烟与非吸烟慢性牙周炎患者牙周基础治疗1个月后的疗效差异。方法选择36例慢性牙周炎患者,吸烟组20例,非吸烟组16例,基线时两组牙周炎病情相似。从牙列的4个象限选取探诊深度在5～9mm范围的位点1～2个,吸烟组108个位点,非吸烟组88个位点,观察这些位点在牙周基础治疗前、治疗后1个月临床指标的变化,包括菌斑指数(PLI),牙龈出血指数(BI),牙周袋探诊深度(PPD)和附着丧失(AL);在作临床观察的同时,对治疗前后龈沟液白介素(IL)-1β进行检测。结果治疗前(基线时)两组PLI、BI、PPD、AL以及IL-1β差异不显著,牙周基础治疗1个月后,两组的各项指标均有明显的改善,但吸烟组改善程度明显低于非吸烟组(P<0.05)。结论慢性牙周炎患者,吸烟者牙周基础治疗的效果差于     

SPR牙周基础治疗对慢性牙周炎患者龈沟液C反应蛋白的影响

目的: 探讨SPR牙周基础治疗对慢性牙周炎患者牙周炎症控制、炎症指标龈沟液C反应蛋白的影响。方法: 将80例慢性牙周炎患者平均分为2组,实验组采用SPR牙周基础治疗,对照组仅接受龈上洁治术,比较2组治疗后3个月、6个月牙周指数[包括平均探诊深度（PO）、临床附着水平（CAL）和龈沟出血指数（SBI）]和龈沟液C反应蛋白（CRP）的变化。采用 SPSS 20.0软件包对数据进行统计学处理。结果: 2组患者治疗后3个月、6个月牙周指标SBI、PD 和 CAL以及龈沟液CRP均降低。实验组治疗后3个月、6个月实验组牙周指标及龈沟液CRP显著低于对照组（P<0.01）;对照组治疗后3个月牙周指标及龈沟液CRP与治疗前有显著差异,但治疗后6个月牙周指标、龈沟液CRP逐渐上升。结论: 相对于龈上洁治,完整的SPR牙周基础治疗更能降低慢性牙周炎患者龈沟液C反应蛋白的水平。     

Variation in periodontal referral in 2 regions in theUK

This study investigated the periodontal referral patterns of general dental practitioners (GDPs) in Northern Ireland (NI) and North West England (NWE). A questionnaire dealing with periodontal referral was sent to all 520 GDPs registered in NI and to 274 GDPs in NWE. A usable return was made by 355 (68%) in NI and 189 (70%) in NWE. The NI dentists made significantly more periodontal referrals (median 5, range 0-80) in the year preceding the survey than those in NWE (median 2, range 0-50), p<0.001. Distance was the only factor significantly related to the referral rate in both regions with those who practised more than 25 miles from a specialist referring significantly fewer patients in both regions. In NI, there was a trend towards increased periodontal referral by GDPs who had attended more postgraduate courses; however, in NWE, this was not the case. The GDPs in NWE were significantly less likely than those in NI to refer patients with medical conditions. It is concluded that there is considerable variation in periodontal referral both within and between the 2 regions studied. It is further concluded that in many cases, non-disease factors, such as the accessibility of the specialist service, have powerful effects on the decisions made by dentists and patients in these regions (NI and NWE) in relation to periodontal referral. Much of the variance in referral in North West England, as in Northern Ireland, remains unexplained.     

云南省五岁儿童乳牙龋病调查分析

目的：了解云南省５岁儿童乳牙龋齿患病情况。方法：随机抽取云南省三个城市三个农村的２１３２名５岁常住儿童,采用第二次全国口腔健康流行病学调查标准调查龋齿患病情况。结果：云南省５岁儿童乳牙患龋率为７５．７５％,龋均为４．４４,充填率仅为６．５７％,仅占构成比的４．３９％。结论：云南省５岁儿童乳牙龋齿患病率高,充填率低。儿童龋病防治应注重两个方面：１．加强对家长和教师的幼儿口腔卫生保健知识及方法的宣传。     

Changes in cyclooxygenase metabolities in experimental periodontitis in Macaca mulatta

The four principal metabolites of cyclooxygenase (CO) were examined during the progression of experimental periodontitis in the rhesus monkey Macaca mulatta. Thirty-two monkeys were divided in four disease-matched groups. Three groups were treated with flurbiprofen, a potent CO inhibitor, at either 0.027, 0.27 or 7.1 mg/kg/day delivered systemically by a subcutaneously-implanted osmotic mini-pump. We have previously described the findings indicating that flurbiprofen treatment significantly retarded clinical attachment loss (ALOSS), redness and radiographic bone loss (BLOSS). This investigation focuses on the changes in CO metabolites which occur during disease progression of ligature-induced periodontitis and on the dose-response relationship of flurbiprofen, as it relates to disease inhibition and the suppression of ARA metabolites within the crevicular fluid (CF). In untreated animals there was a statistically significant 3-fold increase in CF levels of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and thromboxane B2 (TxB2) at 3 months, as compared to baseline, which positively correlated with increases in redness, bleeding, ALOSS and BLOSS. CF-PGE2 and TxB2 levels reached a 6-fold peak at 6 months and returned to baseline by 12 months. Flurbiprofen (Fb) prevented the 3-month rise in TxB2, but did not affect the increase in PGE2. At 6 months, Fb administration caused a dose-dependent inhibition of both PGE2 and TxB2. Probit analysis of the dose-response data revealed that the concentration of Fb which caused a 50% inhibition of CF-TxB2 level (the IC50 value for TxB2 synthesis) was approximately two logs lower than the IC50 value for PGE2 synthesis, i.e. TxA2-IC50 = 0.013 vs. PGE2-IC50 = 1.35 mg flurbiprofen/kg/d. The slopes of the PGE2 and TxB2 inhibition curves were identical, consistent with a similar mechanism or singular enzyme for the site of action of Fb inhibition of CO activity. However, the kinetics and sensitivity of Fb inhibition were significantly different for the CO activity responsible for TxB2 and PGE2 synthesis, perhaps due to different compartmentalization of CO within different cell types.     

Mast cells in masseter muscle in experimental bruxism in man

Three human subjects performed tooth grinding for 25 min, and after 20 h biopsies of the right and left masseter muscles were examined for their contents of mast cells. In comparison with specimens from a control group of three subjects, there was an increase of degranulating mast cells in muscles that had performed bruxism.     

Experience in using moradol in osteoplastic operations in oral surgery

Osteoplastic operations on the jaws were carried out in 19 patients aged 14-64 under moradol anesthesia. The mean length of the operation was 3 hours. The authors come to a conclusion that moradol in a dose of 0.3 mg/kg b. w. ensures adequate anesthesia, with a high level of analgesia persisting in the immediate postoperative period.