A case of external auditory canal chondroma

The differential diagnosis for an external auditory canal mass is relatively broad, with exostosis, osteoma, fibroma, keratoma, and congenital cholesteatoma among the more common diagnoses. However, an additional diagnosis, external auditory canal chondroma, should also be considered in the differential. These rare lesions are most often found in individuals of Asian ancestry. However, this is not always the case as demonstrated by this case report of an external auditory canal chondroma in a Caucasian teenager.     

Osteoma of the middle ear. Report of a case

Osteomas of the middle ear are rare. We report a case of a 7-year-old boy with osteoma originating from the pyramidal eminence, combined with congenital cholesteatoma. The osteoma and cholesteatoma were successfully removed by tympanomastoidectomy. The long process of the incus and the superstructure of the stapes disappeared. The body of the incus was sculpted and used as a columella. Histopathologically, the osteoma was much the same as an external auditory canal osteoma. The possibility of a primary congenital origin of this neoplasm is suggested.     

Congenital cholesteatoma isolated to the mastoid presenting as stricture of the external auditory canal

Congenital cholesteatoma may originate at various sites in the temporal bone. Congenital cholesteatoma of the mastoid origin shows a variable clinical presentation, although the least common site is the mastoid process. We report an extremely rare case of congenital cholesteatoma isolated to the mastoid presenting as stricture of the external auditory canal. A 10-year-old boy presented with stricture of the left-sided external auditory canal caused by bulging of the posterior wall of the external auditory canal. Computed tomography showed destruction of the posterior wall of the external auditory canal by a lesion of soft tissue density in the left mastoid cells. At surgery, cholesteatoma was observed in the mastoid cavity. Although destruction of the posterior wall of the external auditory canal was identified, the external auditory canal skin and tympanic membrane were intact, and the aditus ad antrum mucosa was normal. Congenital cholesteatoma isolated to the mastoid was diagnosed. Diagnosis of congenital cholesteatoma isolated to the mastoid should be based on clinical examination, radiological evaluation, and surgical findings. In addition, the possibility of congenital cholesteatoma isolated to the mastoid should be considered in patients with stricture of the external auditory canal.     

外耳道胆脂瘤并发化脓性腮腺炎1例并文献复习

目的 探讨外耳道胆脂瘤并发化脓性腮腺炎病因及诊治经验,并进行外耳道胆脂瘤诊疗相关文献复习。 方法 回顾性分析1例外耳道胆脂瘤并发化脓性腮腺炎病例资料,主要症状为左耳听力下降伴流脓,左侧面部红肿疼痛。颞骨CT及耳部核磁示:左侧外耳道内胆脂瘤形成,累及乳突、鼓室、鼓窦、腮腺及咽旁间隙。临床诊断:外耳道胆脂瘤(左,Holt Ⅲ期)、化脓性腮腺炎(左)。手术方式为左耳外耳道胆脂瘤切除术、开放式乳突根治术、鼓室成形术、人工听骨植入术、耳甲腔成形术、腮腺脓肿清除术及腮腺瘘修补术。 结果 术中彻底清除外耳道及中耳内胆脂瘤及腮腺脓肿,并修复腮腺瘘。术后随访患者恢复良好,无胆脂瘤复发残留及腮腺炎复发相关症状出现。 结论 外耳道胆脂瘤具有骨质破坏的潜能。而HoltⅢ期外耳道胆脂瘤并发化脓性腮腺炎病例罕见,明确病因并依据病变侵袭范围选择个体化的治疗方案尤为关键。     

Osteoma of the incus with congenital cholesteatoma: A case report

Osteomas of the middle ear are rare benign tumors. They commonly arise from the promontory. To date, a total of three cases of osteomas of the ossicles, inseparable from malleus and incus, have been described in the English literature. Among them, only one case osteoma with congenital cholesteatoma has been reported. Recently a 6-year-old boy with osteoma associated with congenital cholesteatoma presented to our service. The osteoma and congenital cholesteatoma were removed successfully by canal wall up mastoidectomy with staging operation. A rock-hard mass was separated from the footplate. The malleus and short process of incus were intact. Histopathological examination confirmed the presence of the osteoma.     

26例外耳道骨瘤患者临床特征分析

目的:总结外耳道骨瘤的诊治经验。方法:回顾性分析行手术治疗的26例外耳道骨瘤患者的临床资料。结果:患者均行手术切除肿物,病理学诊断均为骨瘤。22例术前传导性听力下降者听力恢复正常,2例术前混合性听力下降者气导听力分别平均提高15、20dB。随访1年以上未见复发及并发症发生。结论:外耳道骨瘤是一种少见的良性肿瘤,诊断可以借助颞骨CT扫描;需与外耳道骨疣鉴别,确诊依靠病理检查;手术是外耳道骨瘤的惟一治疗方法。     

Multifocal cholesteatoma of the external auditory canal following blast injury

Posttraumatic cholesteatoma of the external auditory canal is a rare condition that may present years after the original injury. A unique case of multifocal cholesteatoma of the external auditory canal following blast injury is presented and discussed.     

老年外耳道胆脂瘤(附34例报告)

目的探讨老年外耳道胆脂瘤临床特征。方法回顾性分析34例老年外耳道胆脂瘤临床表现及诊治方法。结果本组外耳道胆脂瘤自发性者27例,外耳道狭窄所致者7例。以慢性耳钝痛及耳漏为主要表现,均有不同程度骨性外耳道侵蚀扩大,其中5例侵犯中耳乳突,面神经垂直段骨管破坏2例。行外耳道胆脂瘤清除术及外耳道成形术、改良乳突根治术治愈,随访1~5年无复发。结论老年外耳道胆脂瘤具有破坏性,多为自发性,须与外耳道恶性肿瘤、坏死性外耳道炎等相鉴别,治疗原则为彻底清除胆脂瘤。     

Congenital primary cholesteatoma of external auditory canal

A 2-year-old female child is reported with congenital cholesteatoma of the right external auditory canal. We describe the clinical features, computed tomography finding and surgical treatment. Congenital cholesteatomas can occur within the temporal bone. Congenital cholesteatoma of the external auditory canal is rare. Generally, it appears in the canal floor. Treatment consists of the resolution of granulation and removal of debris.     

Congenital cholesteatoma of the mastoid region

Congenital cholesteatoma may arise in the petrous apex, mastoid, middle ear, or external auditory canal. The least common site being the mastoid process. We present one case of primary mastoid cholesteatoma confirmed by clinical examination, surgical findings and radiological evaluation.     

Middle ear foreign body causing cholesteatoma and external auditory canal granuloma: a case report

Objective Patients with unilateral ear discharge and hearing loss often have external or middle ear diseases. We present a 55-year-old man who suffered from persistent ear discharge and hearing loss in the left ear. Local findings showed that his left ear canal was filled with a large amount of granulation tissue, with purulent, foul-smelling discharge. Computed tomography indicated left middle ear cholesteatoma and mass shadow in the left external auditory canal. Modified radical mastoidectomy was performed. A piece of white plastic stick was found in the middle ear during the operation. Foreign body-induced cholesteatoma and external auditory canal granuloma in adults are very rare. We present this rare case so that these conditions can be better recognized and understood.     

Osteoma of the ear canal presenting with headache

Osteoma of external auditory canal is a rare benign tumour. Usually it is found incidentally and often symptomless. Here we have a case of osteoma arising from the anterior wall of the bony external auditory canal, causing ipsilateral temporal headache which was relieved by removal of tumour.     

耳屏软骨加颞肌筋膜在外耳道骨壁及皮肤缺损重建中的应用

目的：探讨耳屏软骨＋颞肌筋膜在外耳道骨壁及皮肤缺损重建手术中的应用及治疗效果。方法：41例外耳道病变患者中,39例为外耳道胆脂瘤,2例为外耳道骨瘤。术中出现外耳道骨壁及皮肤缺损,乳突气房暴露,用耳屏软骨＋颞肌筋膜对外耳道缺损骨壁及皮肤进行修复,并于术后3周、3个月、6个月和1年进行随访。结果：术后3周时,29例外耳道骨壁及皮肤缺损重建患者1期愈合,12例术区见肉芽生长,刮除肉芽,再次碘仿纱条填塞1周后,创面愈合;3个月时,所有患者外耳道术区上皮化,无外耳道狭窄发生;术后6个月、1年复查,外耳道形态正常,无外耳道骨壁塌陷及乳突气房暴露。结论：采用耳屏软骨＋颞肌筋膜修复外耳道骨壁及皮肤缺损,取材方便,易于操作;修复的外耳道壁封闭了与外耳道相通的乳突气房;由于软骨的支撑,保持了外耳道的正常形态。     

外耳道胆脂瘤

目的:探讨外耳道胆脂瘤临床特点与治疗方法,引起临床医生对该病的关注,提高对本病的认识。方法:对16例外耳道胆脂瘤的临床表现、手术治疗及效果进行了回顾性分析。结果:病变范围小,骨质破坏较轻者5例;虽有骨质破坏,但未进入乳突及上鼓室者6例;侵入上鼓室2例;侵入乳突者3例,并有外耳道后壁-乳突腔瘘形成。结论:外耳道胆脂瘤主要发生在中老年人,它和外耳道栓塞性角化病是两种不同的疾病,治疗的关键是彻底清除胆脂瘤囊袋和死骨。     

Fibrous dysplasia of the temporal bone and maxillofacial region associated with cholesteatoma of the middle ear

Fibrous dysplasia of the temporal bone is a rare disease which may lead to progressive stenosis of the external auditory canal and the development of cholesteatoma. We present a case in which minimal symptoms were present despite a massive temporal bone fibrous dysplasia. Cholesteatoma resulted most probably secondary to external auditory canal stenosis. Retroauricular fistula developed as a result of destructive effect of cholesteatoma, that influenced previous diagnosis and treatment of this clinically silent disease.     

III型外耳道胆脂瘤手术治疗的术式选择

目的　探讨骨性外耳道后壁和乳突遭不同程度破坏的III型外耳道胆脂瘤的治疗选择及疗效。方法　收集44例（共45耳）临床诊断为III型外耳道胆脂瘤患者,根据乳突破坏程度的不同采用不同的术式进行手术：27耳乳突破坏未达鼓窦患者（A组）,采用单纯乳突修理+外耳道成形术+必要时行耳甲腔成形术治疗;18耳乳突破坏达鼓窦患者（B组）,采用乳突切开+乳突填充+外耳道成形+耳甲腔成形术治疗。结果　所有患者术后随访1～2年,均无胆脂瘤复发,无外耳道塌陷、狭窄或闭锁,听力有不同程度的提高。其中A组患者术后干耳率为100%,平均干耳时间（12.1±2.3）d,具有光滑外耳道以及良好自净作用的占100%;B组患者术后干耳率为94.4%,平均干耳时间（28.1±3.5）d,具有光滑外耳道以及良好自净作用的占88.9%。结论　III型外耳道胆脂瘤可根据乳突破坏是否达鼓窦而采用不同的术式：破坏未达鼓窦患者,采用单纯乳突修理+外耳道成形术+必要时行耳甲腔成形术;破坏达鼓窦患者,采用乳突切开+乳突填充+外耳道成形+耳甲腔成形术,疗效均显著。     

Spontaneous cholesteatoma of the external auditory canal

Spontaneous cholesteatoma of the external auditory canal is a rare disease which may also be under diagnosed. Few cases have been reported even in major otology centers. Possible theories as to the aetiology are based on observation of these few cases. The correct diagnosis allows the proper treatment avoiding the progression of the cholesteatoma and further hearing loss or other complications. The authors review five cases and discuss the possibility that it is the anatomic structure of the bony external auditory canal bone that might contribute to the etiopathogenesis of these cholesteatomas.     

First branchial cleft sinus presenting with cholesteatoma and external auditory canal atresia

First branchial cleft abnormalities are rare. They may involve the external auditory canal and middle ear. We describe a 6-year-old girl with congenital external auditory canal atresia, microtia, and cholesteatoma of mastoid and middle ear in addition to the first branchial cleft abnormalities. Clinical features of the patient are briefly described and the embryological relationship between first branchial cleft anomaly and external auditory canal atresia is discussed. The surgical management of these lesions may be performed, both the complete excision of the sinus and reconstructive otologic surgery.     

Prevalence of tonsillar hypertrophy and associated oropharyngeal symptoms in primary school children in Denizli,Turkey

A 7-month-old male child is reported with congenital cholesteatoma of the external auditory canal. We describe the clinical features, computed tomography finding and surgical treatment. Congenital cholesteatomas can occur within the temporal bone. There are six places of location: (1) petrous apex, (2) mastoid, (3) middle ear, (4) both middle ear and mastoid, (5) external ear canal and (6) within the squamous portion of the temporal bone. Congenital cholesteatoma of the external auditory canal is rare. Generally, it appears in the canal floor without lesions in the tympanic membrane. Computed tomography completes the study. Treatment consists of excision of the mass.