额肌筋膜瓣悬吊术治疗先天性上睑下垂(附113例临床报告)

目的 :采用改进的额肌筋膜瓣 ,改善上睑下垂的治疗效果。方法 :重睑术切口 ,在眼轮匝肌深面分离至眶骨缘 ,分别在眶骨膜浅面及皮下分离至眉上 1.5cm ,并剪开 1.5cm宽的肌瓣两侧 ,一般内侧约 1cm ,外侧 0 .6cm。结果 :113例 134只眼术后除 4例 (3.5 3% ) 6只眼合并上睑内翻倒睫或暴露性角膜炎外 ,其余 10 9例 12 8只眼术后效果满意。结论 :本法采用重睑切口即可完成 ,额肌瓣提升上睑力量强于提上睑肌 ,适用于中、重度上睑下垂。     

改良额肌瓣悬吊术治疗重度上睑下垂的临床观察

目的:探讨改良额肌瓣悬吊术治疗重度上睑下垂的治疗效果。方法:对20例(30眼)重度上睑下垂患者施行改良额肌瓣悬吊术进行矫正:按重睑切口切开皮肤去除睑板前一条约2mm的眼轮匝肌,于眼轮匝肌与眶隔之间潜行分离,达眶缘额肌与眼轮匝肌交界处,在眉缘下做1.5cm的辅助切口,分离额肌与皮肤,达眉上1.5cm左右,形成改良额肌瓣膜。观察并分析术后上睑的高度、睑裂的宽度、上睑缘的弧度、重睑形态及上睑的功能。结果:本组20例(30眼)随访3～24个月,19例矫正效果满意,上睑缘弧度及重睑形态良好,无暴露性角膜炎;其中1例术后矫正不足,于术后6个月再次手术治愈。结论:改良的额肌瓣矫正重度的先天性上睑下垂效果良好,作用持久,损伤小,是治疗重度先天性上睑下垂的比较理想的可行术式。     

改良额肌瓣悬吊术治疗上睑下垂

目的:观察改良额肌瓣悬吊矫正上睑下垂的治疗效果。方法:20例31眼,施行改良额肌瓣悬吊术矫正上睑下垂,重睑切口,切开皮肌及眼轮匝肌,于眼轮匝肌深面与眶隔之间潜行向上分离,然后再于眶缘额肌与眼轮匝肌交界处进入额肌浅层分离皮肤与额肌之间联系达眉上1.5 cm左右。结果:20例31眼治疗效果均满意。结论:本方法减少了额肌瓣血管神经损伤,将额肌瓣直接与睑板缝合,增强了额肌瓣收缩力,术后提睑作用可靠、持久。     

改良的额肌瓣悬吊治疗上睑下垂

目的：为了减少额肌损伤,保证额肌瓣的收缩力,提高上睑下垂的治疗效果。方法：重睑成形术切口,切开皮肤、皮下及眼轮匝肌。于眼轮匝肌深面向上直接分离额肌深层,然后再于眶缘额肌与眼轮匝肌交界处进入额肌浅层分离达眉上1．5～2cm,纵行切开肌瓣两侧,外侧应为内侧的1/3。结果：临床应用治疗38例59只眼,除1例因外伤致左眼上睑下垂,术后效果欠佳外,其余37例58只眼治疗效果满意。结论：本法减少了额肌瓣外侧血管神经损伤,由于增加蒂部宽度,增强了额肌瓣的收缩力。适用于中,重度上睑下垂的治疗。     

改进的额肌瓣悬吊治疗重度上睑下垂24例分析

目的：用改进的额肌瓣悬吊治疗重度上睑下垂24例38只眼,以探讨该术式治疗重度上睑下垂的效果,方法：按重睑术设计切口线,切开皮肤后于眼轮匝肌浅面向上分离至眉上2cm,在眼轮匝肌与额肌交界处模形切开,穿过切口于眶缘上骨膜面分离额肌深面,顺肌纤维方向纵行剪开肌瓣内侧,长1．5－2.0cm,向外上方斜形剪开肌瓣外侧,长不超过0．5cm,形成蒂蒂在上方,下宽下窄,边长不等的形肌瓣,向下牵拉和睑板缝合固定,上提上睑。结果：24例手术全部1次成功,无1例继发感染及上睑内,外翻等并发症,术后3个月至2年随访16例,除1例因额外外伤左上睑上垂,手术后远期效果较差外,其它15例疗效满意。结论：改进的额肌瓣悬吊手术是增加肌瓣蒂部的宽度来减少自外侧支配肌瓣的神经和血管的损伤,保证额肌瓣有较强收缩力,因此在额肌功能良好的情况下,此术式治疗重度上睑下垂的一种更加有效的方法。     

改进的额肌筋膜瓣悬吊矫正上睑下垂

目的：评价改进的额肌筋膜瓣悬吊术治疗上睑下垂的疗效。方法：在原额肌筋膜瓣悬吊术治疗上睑下垂的基础上进行改进,按重睑术切口切开皮肤、皮下,于眼轮匝肌和眶隔之间向上分离至眶上缘,横断额肌筋膜止点约1cm,先将之与眉皮下浅层分离,再自骨膜上欣起眉部额肌及筋膜,达眉上1-1.2cm。结果：用该法治疗54例中、重度上睑下垂患者,疗效满意,结论：本法减少额肌筋膜瓣的分离范围,仅用重睑切口即可完成上睑下垂矫正术,省去重睑切口上缘眼轮匝肌与浅层皮下的分离,操作简单,操作小,出血少,缩短手术时间,改善手术效果。     

额肌筋膜瓣与睑板上缘缝合术治疗重度上睑下垂的疗效观察

自 1992年～ 1998年 ,我院利用额肌筋膜瓣缝合固定在睑板上缘的方法 ,治疗提上睑肌功能完全丧失的上睑下垂 34例 ,收到了明显的效果 ,现报告如下 :临床资料1 一般资料　共收治此类病人 34例 39只眼 ,其中单眼患病者 2 9例 ,双眼患病者 5例。男性 32例 ,女性 2例。年龄 4～ 8岁。提上睑肌肌力均为 0～ 2ｍｍ。额肌活动量均正常。2 手术方法　 (1)按重睑高度切开上睑皮肤 ,分离皮下组织与眼轮匝肌 ,暴露睑板 ,沿轮匝肌下方向上分离至眶上缘 ,宽度为 2ｃｍ ;(2 )制作额肌筋膜瓣 :于眉弓下缘中央切开皮肤 ,其内侧不超过眶上切迹 ,外侧不超过眉…     

改良提上睑肌-额肌瓣吻合术治疗重症上睑下垂30例

临床上对于重症上睑下垂的治疗 ,只要额肌不麻痹 ,常采用缝线、筋膜、肌肉悬吊等方法以借助额肌的收缩力量来提高睑裂高度。其中额肌瓣悬吊及提上睑肌—额肌瓣吻合术 [1 ] (下称提—额吻合术 )比用丝线或筋膜悬吊上睑疗效好 ,但经过稍长时间观察仍有部分欠矫甚至失败者 ,主要为缝线撕脱或提上睑肌腱膜撕裂 ,吻合点后退所致。我科 2 0 0 0年 1 0月至 2 0 0 2年 4月对该术式进行了改良 ,治疗重症上睑下垂病人 2 2例 (30只眼 ) ,取得满意效果 ,现报道如下。1　临床资料1 .1　一般资料 :2 2例 30只眼 ,其中双眼患者 8例 ,单眼 1 4例 ;男 1 5例 ,…     

改良额肌瓣悬吊术在上睑下垂中的应用

目的：探讨改良额肌瓣悬吊术矫正上睑下垂的临床效果。方法：按重睑术设计切口线，切开皮肤后于眼轮匝肌下分离至眉上2cm，在上睑眉弓皮肤下与骨膜之间制作2cm宽向下滑动的额肌瓣，将额肌瓣和上睑睑板缝合固定，上提上睑。结果：29例34眼中29眼一次手术成功，无一例继发感染及上睑内翻等并发症。3眼倒睫，2眼欠矫。随访3月-7年，眼睑位置正常，弧形美观、自然。结论：额肌瓣悬吊术矫正上睑下垂是一种理想的手术方法。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.