静脉注射免疫球蛋白对新生儿脐血单个核细胞活化增 …

目的 探讨静脉注射免疫球蛋白（ＩＶＩＧ）对新生儿单个核细胞活化增殖的影响。方法运用光学显微镜及＾Ｈ－ＴｄＲ掺入法观察ＩＶＩＧ对脐血单个核细胞（ＣＢＭＣ）形态学的影响及对ＣＢＭＣ增殖的调节。结果 ＩＶＩＧ使ＣＢＭＣ的母细胞化减少,细胞代谢的速率减慢。ＩＶＩＧ使ＣＢＩＭＣ的＾３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ掺入率下降更加明显地反映了ＩＶＩＧ对ＣＢＭＣ增殖的抑制。ＩＬ－２或ＩＬ－４可以拮抗ＩＶＩＧ对ＣＢＭＣ增殖的抑制。结论     

静注免疫球蛋白对新生儿单个核细胞IL-2、IL-4 mRNA表达的调节

目的探讨静注免疫球蛋白（ＩＶＩＧ）抑制体外脐血Ｂ细胞免疫球蛋白释放的机制。方法运用ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ法观察ＩＶＩＧ对体外新生儿单个核细胞（ＣＢＭＣ）分泌的ＩＬ－２ｍＲＮＡ及ＩＬ－４ｍＲＮＡ表达的影响。结果佛波醇乙酯结合钙离子导入剂（ＰＭＡ＋ＩＯＮＯ）激活ＣＢＭＣ，很容易检测到ＩＬ－２ｍＲ－ＮＡ的表达，但不能检测出ＩＬ－４ｍＲＮＡ的表达。将ＰＨＡ刺激后的ＣＢＭＣ与ｒＩＬ－２一起孵育，再用ＰＭＡ＋ＩＯＮＯ刺激，ＣＢＭＣ始表达ＩＬ－４ｍＲＮＡ。在活化后的ＣＢＭＣ接受ＰＭＡ＋ＩＯＮＯ再刺激的同时加入ＩＶＩＧ（５ｍｇ／ｍｌ）。发现ＩＶＩＧ抑制了上述两种细胞因子ｍＲＮＡ的表达。结论ＩＶＩＧ对ＩＬ－２，ＩＬ－４两种细胞因子产生的抑制可能源于转录到分泌至胞外整个阶段任一时相上的抑制     

STUDY ON PERIPHERAL BLOOD MONONUCLEAR CELL(PBMC) PROLIFERATIVE RESPONSES TO DIFFERENT HCV ANTIGENS IN PATIENTS WITH HEPATITIS C

为探讨丙型肝炎（ＨＣ）病人细胞免疫功能和丙型肝炎病毒（ＨＣＶ）的致病机制及机体对其免疫保护作用,收集２４例ＨＣ病人（急性３例,慢性２１例）,用３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ掺入法研究病人外周血单个核细胞（ＰＢＭＣ）对不同ＨＣＶ抗原增殖反应,并用流式细胞仪（ＦＡＣＳ）检测了ＰＢＭＣ中ＣＤ４＋、ＣＤ８＋淋巴细胞亚群在ＨＣＶ抗原刺激后的变化。结果：ＨＣ病人ＰＢＭＣ对ＨＣＶ合成肽ＣＰ９,ＮＳ４和基因重组抗原Ｃ,Ｅ１,Ｅ２,ＮＳ３刺激后出现不同程度增殖反应,刺激指数（ＳＩ）分别为１．６９±０．５１,１．６１±０．５４,１．６８±０．５８,１．４９±０．４４,１．４４±０．４４和１．３３±０．３３。３例急性ＨＣ中２例病人的ＰＢＭＣ对ＨＣＶ抗原呈有效增殖反应（ＳＩ≥２．１）,且血清ＨＣＶＲＮＡ阴转伴ＡＬＴ正常。细胞表型分析显示：增殖的细胞表型是ＣＤ４＋淋巴细胞,而ＣＤ８＋淋巴细胞增殖反应较弱。结论：ＨＣ病人ＰＢＭＣ确实存在对ＨＣＶ抗原的增殖反应;ＣＤ４＋淋巴细胞比ＣＤ８＋淋巴细胞增殖反应要强,急性ＨＣ病人ＰＢＭＣ对ＨＣＶ抗原有效的增殖反应预示可能有良好的临床愈合     

丙型肝炎病毒DNA核酸免疫的初步探讨

目的：探索ＨＣＶ－ＤＮＡ核酸免疫效应。方法：将构建的重组体ｐＣＤ－ＨＣＶｓ免疫Ｂａｌｂ／ｃ小鼠,用ＥＬＩＳＡ和＾３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ掺入法检测了免疫鼠血清抗体、脾细胞和ＰＢＭＣ对ＨＣＶ抗原的增殖反应。结果：重组体ｐＣＤ－ＨＣＶ１、ｐＣＤ－ＨＣＶ２和ｐＣＤ－ＨＣＶ３均可诱导小鼠（ｎ＝６）产生抗体（０．６６５￣０．７０７,ＯＤ值）和脾细胞对ＨＣＶ抗原增殖反应（ｎ＝６,ＳＩ为３．８９￣４．４７）,但各重组体间的     

幽门螺旋杆菌对大鼠和人胃粘膜细胞株增殖的影响

本工作观察了幽门螺旋杆菌菌体超声粉碎提取物对大鼠胃粘膜细胞株ＲＧＭ１和人胃腺癌细胞株ＢＧＣ－８２３增殖的影响。结果显示Ｈｐ提取物对两种细胞增殖的影响不一：在ＲＧＭ１细胞,Ｈｐ提取物作用使ＭＴＴ比色法ＯＤ值和＾３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ掺入值明显降低,在ＢＧＣ－８２３细胞,Ｈｐ提取物作用使ＭＴＴ比色法ＯＤ值和＾３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ掺入值明显增高。表明Ｈｐ提取物抑制大鼠胃粘膜细胞株增殖而促进人胃腺癌细胞株增殖。提示细胞的状     

降钙素基因相关肽抑制大鼠主动脉平滑肌细胞增殖

本工作用培养的大鼠主动脉平滑肌细胞，以细胞计数和＾３Ｈ－胸腺嘧啶掺入为指标，观察到降钙素基因相关肽呈剂量依赖地抑制ＶＳＭＣ增殖，１０＾－８和１０＾－７ｍｏｌ／ＬＣＧＲＰ可使＾３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ掺入量较对照组减少２６％（Ｐ＜０．０５）和３６％（Ｐ＜０．０１）并使细胞计数分别较对照组下降１７％（Ｐ＜０．０５）和３５％（Ｐ＜０．０１）。提示ＣＧＲＰ参与ＶＳＭＣ增殖的调节。     

rhIL—2调节离体boPBMC增殖和分泌Ig的作用

应用＾３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ掺入法，ＥＬＩＳＡ和ＦＡＣＳ研究了ｒＨＩＬ－２调节离体奶牛外周血单核细胞（ｂｏＰＢＭＣ）免疫应答的特点。ｒｈＩＬ－２能诱导细胞持续性增殖和分泌Ｉｇ，尤其是分泌ＩｇＡ和ＩｇＧ２（与ＰＷＭ相比，Ｐ〈０．０１）；还能增强ＰＷＭ诱导的Ｉｇ的分泌，但不改变ＳＥＢ抑制Ｉｇ分泌的作用。细胞表型也表明，ｒｈＩｌ－２对ＰＷＭ或ＳＥＢ诱导的ｂｏＰＢＭＣｋ中ＣＤ４或ＣＤ８细胞增殖作用无选择性。     

可溶性syndecan-1 对人多发性骨髓瘤细胞体外的生物学作用

目的：研究可溶性ｓｙｎｄｅｃａｎ－１（ＣＤ１３８）分子对人多发性骨髓瘤（ＭＭ）细胞生长行为的影响及其机制。方法：用亲和层析法分离可溶性ｓｙｎｄｅｃａｎ－１;借助＾３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ掺入、间接免疫荧光、ＡＮＮＥＸＩＮ－Ｖ及ＰＩ标记分析ＭＭ细胞增殖、凋亡周期变化。结果：（１）从ＸＧ－２细胞培养上清中分离纯化得到分子量为６０ｋＤ左右的可溶性ｓｙｎｄｅｃａｎ－１分子;（２）可溶性ｓｙｎｄｅｃａｎ－１分子在体外能抑制ＸＧ－１增殖,阻滞细胞增殖停留在Ｇ２／Ｍ期。并介导其凋亡;ＦＧＦ、５％小牛血清、肝素酶Ⅲ可逆转一定浓度可溶性ｓｙｎ－ｄｅｃａｎ－１的作用,ＨＧＦ、ＶＥＧＦ和ＩＧＦ－１可部分逆转可溶性ｓｙｎｄｅｃａｎ－１分子对细胞的生长抑制作用;（３）ＩＬ－６及激发型抗ＩＬ－６Ｒ１３０（ｇｐ１３０）单抗对可溶性ｓｙｎｄｅｃａｎ－１ｗ     

rhIL－2调节离体boPBMC增殖和分泌Ig的作用

应用￣３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ掺入法、ＥＬＩＳＡ和ＦＡＣＳ研究了ｒＨＩＬ－２调节离体奶牛外周血单核细胞（ｂｏＰＢＭＣ）免疫应答的特点。ｒｈＩＬ－２能诱导细胞持续性增殖和分泌Ｉｇ，尤其是分泌ＩｇＡ和ＩｇＧ＿２（与ＰＷＭ相比，Ｐ＜０．０１）；还能增强ＰＷＭ诱导的Ｉｇ分泌，但不改变ＳＥＢ抑制Ｉｇ分泌的作用。细胞表型也表明，ｒｈＩＬ－２对ＰＷＭ或ＳＥＢ诱导的ｂｏＰＢＭＣ中ＣＤ４￣＋或ＣＤ８￣＋细胞增殖作用无选择性。     

宫颈癌细胞产生的免疫抑制因子对IL－2作用的影响

人宫颈癌细胞产生的免疫抑制因子（ＴＤＳＦ）作用于人外周血单个核细胞（ＰＢＭＣ）６ｈ，即可抑制白细胞介素２（ＩＬ－２）产生，与对照组相比，Ｐ＜０．０１。当ＴＤＳＦ存在时，经ＰＨＡ－Ｐ驯化的ＰＢＭＣ效应细胞对外源性ＩＬ－２反应显著减弱，表明ＴＤＳＦ能抑制ＩＬ－２的作用。ＰＨＡ－Ｐ刺激ＰＢＭＣ增殖，但ＴＤＳＦ使其增殖抑制。表明ＴＤＳＦ能抑制ＩＬ－２产生及其作用；抗癌药对ＴＤＳＦ的分泌有部分阻抑作用。     

小鼠CTL体外非特异性扩增对其杀瘤活性的影响

目的 在体外用抗CD3单抗、抗CD28单抗和白细胞介素2（IL－2）扩增肿瘤特异性CTL,为肿瘤过继治疗提供足够数量的、具有高度杀瘤活性的效应细胞。方法 采用两种方案培养肿瘤细胞免疫的小鼠脾细胞。（1）抗CD3单抗刺激48h后,加入抗CD3单抗和20U／mlrIL－2（抗－CD3＋IL－2组）;（2）抗CD3单抗和抗CD28单抗同时刺激48h后,加入抗CD3单抗、抗CD28单抗和20U／ml rIL－2（抗－CD3＋抗－CD2＋IL－2组）。分别检测2组效应细胞的增殖水平、杀瘤活性及表型。结果 抗CD3＋IL－2组细胞的^3H－TdR掺入量在第6天、12天、20天分别为22126、52426、2072,抗－CD3＋抗－CD28＋IL－2组细胞的^3H-TdR掺入量在第6天、12天、30天分别为32168、12922、3265,后者明显高于前者。在培养12d时,抗－CD3＋IL－2组细胞对FBL03的最大杀伤活性为66．4％,抗－CD3＋抗－CD28＋IL－2组细胞对FBL－3的最大杀伤活性为77．8％。细胞表型FACS分析结果表明,抗－CD3＋抗－CD28＋IL－2组培养12d后的细胞90％以上为Thy1.2^ 细胞,且CD25^ 细胞在抗－CD3＋抗－CD28＋IL－2组、抗－CD3＋IL－2组分别为23．00％、8．15％。结论 抗CD3单抗、抗CD28单抗和低剂量IL－2同时非特异性刺激,可获得大量扩增的、具有高度杀瘤活性的肿瘤特异性CTL。     

胰岛素样生长因子1的免疫调节作用的体外实验研究

目的：探讨胰岛素样生长因子１（ＩＧＦ１） 的免疫调节作用。方法：随机抽取健康个体８２ 名和肿瘤个体１２６ 名,体外提取外周血淋巴细胞后将ＩＬ２ 和或ＩＧＦ１ 共同培养,用３ ＨＴｄＲ 掺入法、３ ＨＴｄＲ 释放法及流式细胞仪检测淋巴细胞增殖活性、杀伤活性和ＣＤ４＋ ＣＤ８＋ 比率。结果：适当浓度的ＩＧＦ１（５０ ｎｇｍｌ）在体外能协同ＩＬ２ 促进ＬＡＫ细胞的增殖,增强其杀伤Ｒａｊｉ细胞的活性,提高淋巴细胞亚群ＣＤ４＋ ＣＤ８＋ 的比率。结论：ＩＧＦ１ 在体外对人体外周血免疫细胞起正向调节作用。     

Nonradioactive techniques for measurement of in vitro T-cell proliferation: alternatives to the [(3)H]thymidine incorporation assay

T-cell proliferation is an important in vitro parameter of in vivo immune function and has been used as a prognostic marker of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) disease progression. The proliferative capacity of T cells in response to various stimuli is commonly determined by a radioactive assay based on incorporation of [(3)H]thymidine ([(3)H]TdR) into newly generated DNA. In order to assess techniques for application in laboratories where radioactive facilities are not present, two alternative methods were tested and compared to the [(3)H]TdR assay as a "gold standard." As an alternative, T-cell proliferation was measured by flow cytometric assessment of CD38 expression on T cells and by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) based on bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), either in whole blood or Ficoll-Isopaque separated, from a total of 26 HIV-1-positive and 18 HIV-1-negative Dutch individuals were stimulated with CD3 monoclonal antibody (MAb) alone, a combination of CD3 and CD28 MAbs, or phytohemagglutinin. BrdU incorporation after 3 days of stimulation with a combination of CD3 and CD28 MAbs correlated excellently with the [(3)H]TdR incorporation in both study groups (HIV-1 positives, r = 0.96; HIV-1 negatives, r = 0.83). A significant correlation of absolute numbers of T cells expressing CD38 with [(3)H]TdR incorporation, both in HIV-1-positive (r = 0.96) and HIV-1-negative (r = 0.84) individuals, was also observed under these conditions. The results of this study indicate that determination of both the number of CD38-positive T cells and BrdU incorporation can be used as alternative techniques to measure the in vitro T-cell proliferative capacity. The measurement of CD38 expression on T cells provides the additional possibility to further characterize the proliferating T-cell subsets for expression of other surface markers.     

A bidirectional regulatory network involving IL 2 and IL 4 in the alternative CD2 pathway of T cell activation

In this study we examined the effect of interleukin 4 (IL 4) on T cell activation and proliferation via the alternative CD2 pathway. To this end highly purified human resting T cells were cultured with a stimulating pair of anti-CD2 monoclonal antibodies in the absence of accessory signals from monocytes. Addition of either recombinant (r)IL 2 or rIL 4 resulted in proliferation of the anti-CD2-stimulated T cells. The growth-promoting effect of rIL 4 on preactivated. T cells was shown to be partly a direct effect. rIL 4 also induced IL 2 production and, as a consequence, the effect of rIL 4 on T cell growth was enhanced by endogenously produced IL 2. Moreover, rIL 4 acted in synergy with exogenously added rIL 2 in promoting growth of anti-CD2-stimulated T cells. The synergistic effect of IL 2 and IL 4 could be explained by IL 2-induced up-regulation of IL 4 responsiveness. In contrast, preincubation with rIL 4 did not enhance IL 2 responsiveness and rIL 2 but not rIL 4 up-regulated IL 2R expression on anti-CD2-stimulated T cells. Finally we could demonstrate that monocyte-produced cytokines (IL 1 and IL 6) enhance the proliferative response to rIL 4 of anti-CD2-stimulated T cells. It can be concluded that IL 4 can act as a paracrine growth factor for T cells activated in the alternative CD2 pathway, and that it acts synergistically with IL 2, IL 1 and IL 6. Moreover, IL 4 is a helper signal for IL 2 production. Thus, IL 2 and IL 4 are involved in a bidirectional regulatory network, with IL 4 as an inducer of IL 2 production, and IL 2 as an enhancer of IL 4 responsiveness.     

体外筛选对猪具有免疫刺激活性的CpG ODN

设计并筛选对猪具有最佳免疫刺激活性的CpGODN。文献报道 ,设计并合成了 38条CpGODN。用猪PBMC体外增殖实验 ,3 H 胸腺嘧啶 (3 H TdR )掺入法测定刺激指数 ,用SPSS软件对数值进行统计学分析 ;用双抗体夹心ELISA检测PBMC培养上清中的IFN γ和IL 2的量 ,来评价CpGODN对猪的免疫学作用。结果表明 ,多数CpGODN能够刺激猪PBMC的增殖 ,并促进其分泌IFN γ ,但IL 2分泌的量均未显著增加。其中 ,含有三个GTCGTT基序ODN 2 0 0 6刺激猪PBMC增殖的作用最强 ,刺激指数达 6 2 ,但仅能诱生低水平的IFN γ ;具有磷酸二酯键 /硫代磷酸二酯键混合骨架及 3’端polyG尾的ODND1 9具有中等程度的促猪PBMC增殖的作用 ,刺激指数为 4 2 ,但诱导PBMC分泌IFN γ比阴性对照增加了 5倍。ODND1 9和ODN 2 0 0 6对猪具有不同的免疫学效应 ,这为进一步研究适用于不同病原体的猪用疫苗佐剂提供了实验参考     

IL-2 responsiveness of lectin-induced lymphoblasts: soluble IL-2 receptor release and differential in vitro effects of immunosuppressants.

We examined the mode of action of different immunosuppressants on the responsiveness of phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-induced lymphoblasts further stimulated by recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2). The stimulation of PHA blasts with rIL-2 resulted in an enhancement of tritiated thymidine ([3H]TdR) incorporation and of soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) release. Cyclosporin A (CsA) and prednisolone inhibited in different ways the responsiveness of PHA pre-stimulated blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) to rIL-2, as measured by [3H]TdR incorporation. The addition of CsA resulted in considerable enhancement of the release of sIL-2R, whereas the addition of prednisolone was associated with a similar enhancement only when the higher concentrations of rIL-2 were employed. EGTA, a calcium (Ca2+) chelator, and verapamil, a Ca2+ channel blocker, inhibited [3H]TdR incorporation in a concentration-dependent manner. EGTA inhibited sIL-2R release in the same manner when used alone, and reversed the CsA- and prednisolone-induced enhancement of sIL-2R release by rIL-2 induced lymphoblasts, when used in combination with CsA or prednisolone. Verapamil had a similar but less striking effect. The effects of CsA and prednisolone were also studied in PHA-induced blasts originating from purified CD4+ or CD8+ lymphocytes. Stimulation of these blasts with rIL-2 resulted in higher [3H]TdR incorporation by CD8+ blasts than by CD4+ blasts: however, no sIL-2R release was detected in supernatants of either CD4+ or of CD8+ blasts. Both CsA and prednisolone inhibited the rIL-2-induced enhancement of [3H]TdR incorporation by both T-cell subsets.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Human interleukin 7 is a B cell growth factor for activated B cells

We investigated the capacity of human interleukin (IL) 7 to induce proliferation of B cells. Purified tonsillar B cells were cultured in the presence of IL7 with Staphylococcus aureus Cowan I (SAC) or anti-μ beads as co-mitogens. IL 7 supported a dose-dependent proliferation of anti-μ-activated B cells but did not significantly support proliferation of SAC-activated B cells. When B cells were separated on Percoll gradient into small (60%-80%) and large (50%–60%) B cells and then cultured with anti-μ beads, IL7 acted on both cell populations equally well. IL7 and BCGF (low molecular weight) were synergistic in their proliferative action on anti-μ-activated B cells in a 5-day culture. On the other hand, synergistic effect of IL 7 on activated B cells was not evident in the presence of any other factor recombinant [(r)IL 1β, rIL2, rIL3, rIL4, rIL5, rIL6, recombinant tumor necrosis factor-α, recombinant lymphotoxin, recombinant granulocyte-monocyte colony-stimulating factor and recombinant interferon-γ] we tested. IL7 did not induce IgG secretion by activated B cells.     

Interleukin 2 and interferon-gamma affect human B cells at different stages of activation

We studied the effects of recombinant interleukin 2 (rIL 2), interferon-alpha (rIFN-alpha) and interferon-gamma (rIFN-gamma) on proliferation and IgM synthesis of highly purified tonsillar B cells either without in vitro preactivation or after activation with Staphylococcus aureus Cowan 1 (SAC). Only rIL 2 affected tonsillar B cells not preactivated in vitro. It induced both proliferation and differentiation of B cells in a dose-dependent manner. rIL 2 induced proliferation of even Tac-negative B cells, but statistically significant responses were obtained only at high concentrations. The response was found also when no serum supplement was used in the culture medium. The finding suggests that tonsillar B cells express IL 2 receptors distinct from Tac antigen. When the cells were activated with SAC, significant proliferation was also found in response to rIFN-gamma. However, rIFN-gamma induced no IgM synthesis even after activation with SAC. rIFN-alpha affected neither B cell proliferation nor differentiation regardless of whether the cells were activated with SAC or not. Our results suggest that IL 2 can induce proliferation of activated B cells, but IFN-gamma only enhances proliferation of actively cycling B cells.     

Factor requirements for activation and proliferation steps of human CD2+CD3-CD4-CD8- early thymocytes

Human CD2+CD3-CD4-CD8- thymocytes were shown to display high in vitro growth ability although their factor requirements for activation and proliferation are not fully known. We have thus isolated these precursors and assayed their activation and proliferation potentials in response to various factors. Our results indicate that these cells proliferate in response to phytohemagglutinin (PHA), recombinant interleukin 2 (rIL 2) and rIL 4. Simultaneous addition of anti-CD2I + III monoclonal antibodies (mAb) and rIL 2 highly increased cell growth while IL 4-induced proliferation was not enhanced upon addition of anti-CD2. Anti-CD2 and PHA, but not IL 2, induced intracytoplasmic Ca2+ influx phosphatidyl inositol turnover as well as IL 2 receptor expression. Sequential studies indicated that CD2 triggering enable many more CD2+ precursors to respond to rIL 2. Endogenous IL 2 synthesis was necessary for PHA-induced cell growth. Neither of these in vitro treatment were able to induce membrane expression of CD3, CD4 or CD8 on CD2+ cells.