动脉栓塞与平阳霉素注射治疗鼻面部血管瘤4例报告

探讨应用介入栓塞加平阳霉素注射治疗鼻面部血管瘤的临床疗效。方法采用线段和弹簧栓介绍栓塞面动脉、颌内动脉和颞浅动脉、瘤内注射平阳霉素。结果：随访１年,４例患者肿块消失,无异常的血管搏动,结论应用介入栓塞和 霉素瘤内注射治疗鼻面部血管瘤安全,疗铲满意。     

鼻咽部血管纤维瘤的血管内介入诊疗

目的探讨鼻咽部血管纤维瘤的血管造影诊断和术前栓塞治疗价值。方法回顾性分析16例鼻咽部血管纤维瘤(栓塞组)的选择性动脉造影与双重栓塞的治疗资料,并选择11例未行术前栓塞的单纯手术切除者为对照组(未栓塞组)。结果16例鼻咽部血管纤维瘤病人经血管造影检查均能获得明确诊断,并能显示病变的范围、血供情况及其特征。所有病例均主要由同侧的颌内动脉供血,对侧颌内动脉参与供血者5例,咽升动脉3 例,同侧颈内动脉2例。经超选择性插管后,所有病人均用聚乙烯醇泡沫微粒(PVA颗粒)和明胶海绵行颌内动脉双重栓塞,栓塞后即刻造影见肿瘤染色基本消失者10例,大部分消失者6例。该16例病人(栓塞组)手术切除术中出血量平均(452±268)ml较对照组(未栓塞组)平均(1058±347)ml明显减少(P<0.05)。所有病例栓塞术中均无严重并发症发生,手术切除术后未见复发。结论血管造影有利于术前明确鼻咽部血管纤维瘤的诊断和显示瘤体的血供,术前血管内栓塞有利于减少术中的出血量。     

介入治疗在鼻咽血管纤维瘤的临床应用

目的探讨介入诊疗技术(血管造影和栓塞)在鼻咽部血管纤维瘤的临床应用价值。方法回顾性分析10例鼻咽部血管纤维瘤患者(栓塞组)的选择性动脉造影与栓塞的临床资料,并选择10例术前未行栓塞的单纯手术切除者为对照组(未栓塞组)。结果 10例鼻咽部血管纤维瘤患者经血管造影检查均能明确诊断,能显示瘤体的范围、供血动脉等清晰的动态图像及其特征。栓塞组手术切除术中平均出血量400 ml,较未栓塞组平均出血量1500 ml明显减少。所有栓塞组病例术中术后均无严重并发症发生,手术切除后未见复发,未栓塞组2例复发。结论血管造影(DSA)能明确鼻咽部血管纤维瘤的诊断,血管内栓塞有良好的治疗效果,可减少术中的出血量,大大提高手术的安全性。     

双重介入栓塞结合手术治疗巨大鼻咽血管纤维瘤(附2例报告)

鼻咽血管纤维瘤亦称男性青春期鼻咽血管纤维瘤(JNA),是耳鼻咽喉科较为常见的良性肿瘤。因其生长部位及病理组织的特殊性,术中极易发生大出血,给手术造成困难,易致瘤体残留,或因出血而导致的各种并发症。目前,鼻内窥镜手术因其具有损伤小、术后愈合快等优点而获得广泛应用,但其对肿瘤的大小与部位有一定的限制。2000年1月以来,笔者采用数字减影血管造影术(DSA)行选择性血管栓塞加经皮穿刺瘤体内直接注射氰甲稀酸盐粘结剂(NBCA)栓塞,再配以外科手术治疗2例巨大鼻咽血管纤维瘤取得成功。现报道如下。     

数字减影血管造影及栓塞在鼻咽血管纤维瘤诊断和治疗中的应用

目的 探讨数字减影血管造影(DSA)及栓塞在鼻咽部血管纤维瘤诊断和治疗中的价值.方法 对16例鼻咽部血管纤维瘤进行DSA检查和选择性栓塞肿瘤供血动脉.栓塞后2～7天行鼻内镜下肿瘤切除.结果 DSA检查使鼻咽血管纤维瘤获得明确的诊断,所有病例均主要由同侧的颌内动脉供血,咽升动脉参与供血1例,同侧颈内动脉参与供血1例,16例患者均栓塞成功.鼻内镜下肿瘤全切除者15例,大部分切除者1例,术中出血明显减少,术中及术后无严重并发症.结论 鼻咽血管纤维瘤的数字减影血管造影能显示病变的范围、血供情况及其特征.栓塞有助于减少术中出血,提高手术安全性及全切率,为内镜下手术的必备条件.     

血管内栓塞在鼻咽血管纤维瘤的应用

目的 探讨术前超选择性血管内栓塞对鼻咽血管纤维瘤的疗效和安全性。方法 在术前3～5d，对21例鼻咽部血管纤维瘤进行DSA检查和微导管超选择栓塞肿瘤供血动脉，栓塞的材料包括PVA颗粒、明胶海绵和真丝线段等。栓塞后行手术切除肿瘤。结果 鼻咽血管纤维瘤主要由同侧的领内动脉供血19例，主要由咽升动脉供血2例，同侧或双侧的颈内动脉参与供血为9例。21例病人均栓塞成功，其中13例肿瘤染色完全消失，8例肿瘤染色大部分或部分消失。肿瘤全切除者19例，部分切除者2例，全切除率为90．5％。术中出血明显减少，术中及术后无严重并发症。结论 鼻咽血管纤维瘤的术前栓塞有助于减少术中出血，提高手术安全性及全切率，是一种安全、有效的微侵袭方法。     

41例鼻咽血管纤维瘤的诊断和治疗

目的 :探讨鼻咽血管纤维瘤的诊断和治疗。方法 :对 4 1例鼻咽血管纤维瘤采用不同进路进行手术治疗 ,其中腭进路 31例 ,面中部掀翻梨状孔进路 7例 ,扩大翼上颌裂进路 3例。结果 :术中平均出血量为 14 5 0ml,选择性瘤体供血动脉栓塞者出血量为 5 0 0～ 80 0ml。术后 1次复发 5例 ,2次复发 3例 ,术后复发时间为 0 .5～2年。结论 :术前应根据CT检查的结果认真制定手术进路 ;术前行血管造影及选择性血管栓塞 ,可明显减少术中出血量。此外 ,根据肿瘤的生长部位 ,在考虑面部美容效果的同时 ,术中应充分暴露术野 ,争取一次切除肿瘤     

鼻咽部血管纤维瘤血管造影及术前栓塞

目的探讨鼻咽部血管纤维瘤的血管造影诊断和术前栓塞治疗价值。方法回顾性分析16例鼻咽部血管纤维瘤的血管造影及术前栓塞治疗资料。结果血管造影检查均能获得明确的诊断,并能显示病变的范围、血供情况及其特征。所有病例主要由同侧的颌内动脉供血,对侧颌内动脉参与供血者5例,咽升动脉3例,同侧颈内动脉2例。用聚乙烯醇泡沫(polyvinylalcoholfoam,PAF)颗粒和明胶海绵行颌内动脉双重栓塞,栓塞后即刻造影见肿瘤染色基本消失者10例,大部分消失者6例。该16例患者手术切除术中出血量(平均452±268)ml较对照组(平均1058±347)ml明显减少(P<0.05)。结论血管造影有利于明确鼻咽部血管纤维瘤的诊断,术前血管内栓塞有利于减少术中的出血量。     

平阳霉素局部注射治疗耳鼻喉科腔内血管瘤

鼻腔、咽腔、喉腔的血管瘤手术治疗较为困难，本文报告２０例腔内血管瘤，采用瘤周或瘤内平阳霉素局部注射治疗，观察６～１８月，１６例患者血管瘤消退，４例患者瘤体明显缩小。平阳霉素局部注射是治疗腔内血管瘤有效、便捷的方法。     

支撑喉镜联合电子喉镜下平阳霉素注射治疗下咽及喉部血管瘤

目的探讨支撑喉镜联合电子喉镜下平阳霉素注射治疗下咽及喉部血管瘤的方法及疗效。方法分析2005年1月-2012年6月收治的下咽及喉部较大血管瘤患者22例,瘤体直径1.5-4.0 cm。均在全麻支撑喉镜下进行首次血管瘤体内注射平阳霉素,依据瘤体大小注射平阳霉素4-12 mg,注射6-8个点,首次注射后瘤体残留者改为在局麻电子喉镜下再次注射,直至治愈。结果支撑喉镜下一次治愈14例,8例瘤体残留,一次注射后残留瘤体平均直径缩小80%。8例残留患者电子喉镜下再注射1次后治愈5例,注射2次后治愈2例,注射3次后治愈1例,22例患者经随访1-3年,均未见复发。结论支撑喉镜联合电子喉镜下平阳霉素注射治疗下咽及喉部血管瘤具有微创、注射次数少、患者依从性好、疗效肯定等优点。     

Endoscopic resection of nasopharyngeal angiofibromas by combined transnasal and transoral routes

PURPOSE: To determine the role of endoscopic surgery in decreasing intraoperative bleeding, morbidity, and hospitalization period of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma resection and to describe combined endoscopic transnasal and transoral approaches. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twelve cases of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma diagnosed by endoscopic examination, computed tomography, and angiography were selected for endoscopic resection. Tumor staging ranged from stage I(A) to II(B). Ten patients underwent preoperative selective arterial embolization, and in 1 case selective arterial ligation was used. In general, the tumors were approached endoscopically through nasal and oral cavities with 0 degrees and 30 degrees 4-mm telescopes without any incision and no packing at their termination. RESULTS: The patients were followed by endoscopy and computed tomography. There was a dramatic decrease in intraoperative bleeding and postoperative morbidity. No early postoperative complications were seen. Two recurrences were observed in 12 patients up to a mean follow-up of 15 months. CONCLUSIONS: Minimal bleeding, decreased morbidity, and shorter hospitalization period were the main reasons that prompted us to use endoscopic technique for the removal of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma. Adding transoral endoscopic approach to the transnasal endoscopic approach provides 2-sided exposure and appreciate access to angiofibroma.     

Endoscopic and KTP laser-assisted surgery for juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma

Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma is a highly vascular tumor arising from the area around the sphenopalatine foramen. Various radical and extended radical surgeries have been advocated to surgically excise both extranasopharyngeal and nasopharyngeal juvenile angiofibromas. However angiofibromas involving the nasopharynx, nose, and sphenoid with minimal lateral extension via the sphenopalatine foramen can also be adequately managed endoscopically either alone or with 1 of the traditional approaches. Nine cases of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma were successfully managed between January, 1999, and March, 2001, by preoperative selective embolization of the internal maxillary artery with or without external carotid artery clamping, followed by endoscopic excision. Two of the 9 cases underwent KTP/532 laser-assisted endoscopic excision, whereas the transpalatal approach was used along with the endoscope in another 2 cases. The patients remained free of disease after a median follow-up period of 17 months. We report our preliminary experience in endoscopic and KTP laser-assisted excision of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma.     

Intratumorale Onyx®-Embolisation in der Therapie von juvenilen Nasenrachenangiofibromen

Preoperative embolization for the treatment of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma was successfully accomplished with Onyx® by intratumoral puncture for the first time. Extratumoral migration of Onyx® particles was not observed, precluding the necessity to inflate the shield balloon. Postinterventional angiography showed complete occlusion of all supporting blood vessels. Transnasal surgery on the following day achieved complete resection of the angiofibroma without complications. Direct intratumoral embolization of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibromas appears to be a safe and effective preoperative method without complications. It could represent a new strategy for the treatment of JNA, as is already the case with other highly vascularized head and neck tumors. Moreover, it increases the likelihood of achieving complete resection.     

Surgical management of nasopharyngeal angiofibroma involving the cavernous sinus

Involvement of the cavernous sinus by juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma represents a therapeutic challenge. We present our experience over the past 5 years with the surgical management of six cases of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma involving this site. Three of six patients had involvement of the medial aspect of the cavernous sinus and tumor was removed using a midline extracranial approach. Of three remaining patients, two had invasion of the medial and inferior margin of the cavernous sinus and one represented a recurrent lesion. The tumor in these three cases was resected using a combined frontotemporal and lateral infratemporal fossa approach. An extracranial recurrence occurred in one patient, and the remaining five patients have had no evidence of recurrent disease 12 to 71 months following surgery. Morbidity has been limited to trismus, facial hypesthesia, and serous otitis media.     

A rare complication of embolization in juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma

Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA) is one of the most common benign nasal cavity tumors of adolescence. It exhibits a strong tendency to bleed and despite being microscopically benign, its behavior is locally aggressive. Preoperative embolization is helpful to minimize intraoperative bleeding. However, embolization procedure may have some important thromboembolic complications such as central retinal artery occlusion. In this article, a young male with juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma, who lost his vision in the left eye following embolization was presented and the possible therapeutic options in such a complication were discussed.     

Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma. A report of eighteen cases

Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma is a disease afflicting mainly adolescent males. The lesion is benign but characterized by local aggressive growth. In advanced cases the tumour may extend intracranially. In this study 18 cases of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma were investigated. Tumour extension was assessed with the use of angiograms and CT and the individual cases staged in four different categories on the basis of tumour extension. Two cases were staged as I (tumour confined to the nasopharynx), 7 cases as II (tumour extending into nasal cavity and/or sphenoid sinus), 8 as III (tumour extending into one or more of the following: antrum, ethmoid sinus, pterygomaxillary and infratemporal fossae, orbit and/or cheek) and one as IV (tumour extending into the cranial cavity). Preoperative arterial embolization was performed in 8 cases. All patients underwent surgery; none received irradiation. The follow-up period was 6 yrs 4 mo (6 months-17 years). In one case of intracranial extension, tumour recurrence occurred. It is concluded that with the aid of CT and arteriograms to evaluate the extension of the tumour and preoperative embolization, this lesion can be cured in the vast majority of cases, with surgery as the method of choice.     

鼻内镜下蝶腭动脉的电凝切断辅助超声刀切除鼻咽纤维血管瘤

摘要：目的探讨鼻内镜下蝶腭动脉的电凝切断辅助超声刀技术在鼻咽纤维血管瘤手术中的应用价值。方法回顾性分析2005年5月~2015年4月安徽医科大学第一附属医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科收治的16例鼻咽纤维血管瘤患者的临床资料。均为青少年男性,所有患者手术前行数字减影血管造影(digital subtraction angiography, DSA）,其中9例行超选择性颈外动脉分支栓塞术,然后在内镜下切除肿瘤;另7例术前没有行选择性颈外动脉分支栓塞术患者直接行鼻内镜下电凝切断蝶腭动脉辅助超声刀技术切除肿瘤。比较两组手术时间、出血量、术后恢复时间、复发情况。结果两组手术时间、出血量、术后恢复时间比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;术后随访1～10年,两组患者均无复发。鼻内镜下蝶腭动脉的电凝切断辅助超声刀技术切除鼻咽纤维血管瘤避免了术前DSA的并发症及手术风险。结论鼻内镜下蝶腭动脉的电凝切断辅助超声刀技术是鼻咽纤维血管瘤切除一种安全、微创、有效的手术方法。术前是否选择行超选择性颈外动脉分支栓塞术要根据肿瘤的位置和分期以及术者的临床操作水平。