雷帕霉素药物洗脱支架置入前后稳定型心绞痛患者血清CXC趋化因子16的变化

背景：CXC趋化因子16作为一种炎症反应中的趋化因子冠状动脉粥样硬化发生机制中发挥重要作用。目的：观察雷帕霉素药物洗脱支架置入前后稳定型心绞痛患者血清中CXC趋化因子16的变化。方法：选择郑州大学第一附属医院心内科住院行冠状动脉支架置入并置入1或2枚雷帕霉素药物洗脱支架的稳定型心绞痛患者40例,另选同期于本院经冠状动脉造影显示无异常的健康者10名作为对照组。对受试者进行CXC趋化因子16、超敏C-反应蛋白检测,并分析其相互关系。结果与结论：与对照组相比,血清CXC趋化因子16在支架置入前、置入后0.5,2,24h均升高（P〈0.05）;与置入前相比,置入后0.5,2h升高（P〈0.01）。置入后0.5,2,24h患者血清超敏C-反应蛋白较对照组显著升高（P〈0.01）,其中置入后0.5h与2h差异无显著性意义（P〉0.05）,2h高于24h（P〈0.01）。血清CXC趋化因子16和超敏C-反应蛋白水平呈正相关性（r=0.632,P=0.017）。     

雷帕霉素药物洗脱支架置入操作技巧探讨

近年来雷帕霉素药物洗脱支架防治再狭窄方面，多项临床试验结果证实效果显著，术后6个月再狭窄发生率0～8．9％，较裸支架再狭窄率的26．6％～36．3％是一个大的突破性进展，被称之为冠心病治疗的又一次“革命”，成为冠状动脉介人治疗(PCI)发展史上的第三个里程碑。恰当的支架置人技巧，是充分发挥药物洗脱支架效果、降低再狭窄发生     

雷帕霉素药物洗脱支架的临床疗效

经皮冠状动脉介入治疗 (PCI)后再狭窄已经成为影响介入治疗预后的严重问题。近年来药物洗脱支架(DES)的临床应用明显降低PCI后的再狭窄率 ,有望提高PCI的长期疗效[1] 。我院 2 0 0 2年 11月— 2 0 0 4年 8月 ,共有 38例患者应用雷帕霉素药物洗脱支架(Cypher ,强生Cordis公司产品 )。现总结如下。1资料和方法1.1临床资料　完成药物洗脱支架植入共 38例、4 3处病变。其中男性 2 8例 ,女性 10例 ,年龄 32— 73岁 ,平均 (6 0 .5± 7.1)岁。不稳定心绞痛 (UAP) 2 6例 ,其中 6例有陈旧性心肌梗死 (OMI)病史 ;急性心肌梗死(AMI) 12例 (病…     

心绞痛合并糖尿病患者雷帕霉素洗脱支架术后疗效分析

目的:评价糖尿病心绞痛患者雷帕霉素洗脱支架植入术后临床疗效.方法:88例糖尿病患者(A组)和116例非糖尿病患者(B组)均植入雷帕霉素洗脱支架,术后随访1个月和6个月并评价各组临床结果.结果:两组患者造影和手术成功率均为100%,与无糖尿病心绞痛患者相比,糖尿病组病变更复杂,更严重,术后1个月和6个月糖尿病组的心梗与死亡发生率,再发心绞痛和靶病变再次重建率均较非糖尿病组要高(P<0.05或0.01),分别依次为3.1%对2.3%,2.0%对1.6%,3.1%对2.3%以及5.1%对3.1%,4.1%对2.3%,6.1%对3.1%.结论:糖尿病心绞痛患者冠脉常为复杂、多支病变,使用雷帕霉素洗脱支架对其行PCI治疗安全可行.成功率高,近期及远期疗效略差于非糖尿病患者.     

国产雷帕霉素药物洗脱支架治疗冠心病的早期疗效

经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)是冠心病治疗的一个里程碑,防治术后再狭窄一直是刻领域最重大的难题.     

雷帕霉素药物洗脱支架置入治疗重度颈内动脉狭窄的护理

雷帕霉素洗脱支架置入已用于治疗重度颈内动脉狭窄,做好围手术期的观察及护理,良好的医护沟通,对术后并发症进行预见性护理,能减少术中及术后并发症的发生,有效提高手术成功率。我科于2006年1月—2008年11月共完成35例此类患者的支架置入治疗,收到了良好的效果,现将护理体会介绍如下。     

国产雷帕霉素药物洗脱支架置入治疗急性心肌梗死108例

背景:大量临床实验已证明国产雷帕霉素药物洗脱支架在择期经皮冠状动脉支架置入中应用有较强的安全性和较好的生物相容性,但其应用于急性心肌梗死患者的安全性和有效性目前仍存在较大争议.目的:观察雷帕霉素药物洗脱支架经皮冠状动脉置入急性心肌梗死患者的效果.方法:纳入108例急性心肌梗死患者,男61例,女47例,年龄37-81岁,平均(57.2±13.1)岁.所有患者均行经皮冠状动脉支架置入,置入前后常规用药,观察梗死相关动脉TIMI血流结果,6～12个月门诊及电话随访,以心源性死亡、非致死性心肌梗死、靶血管血运重建的发生率为主要终点来判断临床事件.结果与结论:支架置入后,梗死相关动脉血流TIMI分级为Ⅰ～Ⅱ级6例(5.6%),Ⅲ级102例(94.4%);支架置入成功率100%,临床成功率98.1%;支架置入后6,12个月主要不良心脏事件发生率分别为1.87%和3.74%.提示急性心肌梗死患者经皮冠状动脉置入雷帕霉素药物洗脱支架具有良好的安全性和有效性.     

Excel雷帕霉素药物洗脱支架的临床应用

目的观察应用Excel雷帕霉素药物洗脱支架的近期疗效及安全性。方法选择2005年1月～2006年12月89例接受药物涂层支架的患者。39例患者植入Cypher支架60个。50例患者植入Excel支架83个，观察Excel支架的近期疗效及安全性。结果两组基本临床特征相似，狭窄程度及病变范围相似，93％的病人完成6个月随访，两组病人均未发生死亡、ST段抬高性心肌梗死，6个月内因胸痛再入院者，Cypher支架组2例，Excel支架组3例，复查造影，均未需再次血管重建术。结论国产Excel雷帕霉素药物洗脱支架临床应用安全，近期主要心血管事件与Cypher药物洗脱支架相似。     

国产雷帕霉素药物洗脱支架治疗冠状动脉长病变的疗效观察

目的:评价国产雷帕霉素药物洗脱支架(Firebird支架)治疗冠状动脉长病变的临床疗效.方法:168例冠心病患者接受了国产Firebird支架治疗,根据冠脉造影分为长病变组(47例)和对照组(121例),术后随访6～12个月,观察两组成功率、心脏不良事件发生率及再狭窄等.结果:两组支架置入术成功率均为100%.两组心脏不良事件及再狭窄发生率、支架直径比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).长病变组支架数/例及支架长度大于对照组(P<0.01).结论:应用国产Firebird支架选择性治疗冠状动脉长病变成功率高,安全可靠,近、中期疗效与普通病变相似,远期疗效待进一步研究.     

雷帕霉素药物洗脱支架直接置入术治疗急性冠脉综合征的临床研究

目的评价直接置入雷帕霉素药物洗脱支架(CYPHERTM,codis)治疗急性冠脉综合征(ACS)罪犯病变的安全性、可行性.方法32例接受CYPHERTM支架直接置入的患者(直接支架组)和一般情况匹配的34例球囊扩张后行冠脉支架术的患者(常规支架组),比较两组的一般情况,冠脉造影及介入治疗即刻和临床随访结果.结果直接支架组和常规支架组的成功率分别为97%和100%,直接支架组1例支架无法通过病变,球囊预扩张后成功置入原支架.两组无一例发生介入治疗相关的的严重心脏事件.随访期间两组严重心脏不良事件发生率无明显统计学差异.结论CYPHERTM支架直接置入术治疗ACS罪犯病变安全可行,成功率高.     

冠状动脉内支架植入术后炎性反应的动态观察

目的 研究冠心病稳定型心绞痛(SAP)患者在接受不同复杂程度的冠状动脉支架植入术(PCI)术前和术后血清P选择素(PS)和超敏C-反应蛋白(hs-CRP)的变化.方法 SAP患者49例,按手术复杂程度的不同分为A、B、C组.分别采用酶联免疫吸附法和速率散射免疫比浊法测定各组PCI术前和术后6、12、24、48、72 h的PS和hs-CRP.结果 术后3组hs-CRP水平都较同组术前增高, C组各时点PS及hs-CRP水平均高于同时点A、B组水平(P<0.05).结论 PCI直接影响冠心病SAP患者术后早期炎性反应的强度.     

Changes in pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance after bare metal and drug eluting stent implantation in patients with stable coronary disease

ObjectivesIn this study we aimed to assess the changes in pro-oxidant–antioxidant balance (PAB) after the placement of either a drug-eluting-stent (DES) or bare-metal-stent (BMS) in patients with stable coronary artery disease.Design and methodsPercutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) with either BMS or DES were undertaken for 152 patients (82 in the BMS and 70 in the DES groups respectively). PAB values were measured 24 h before and after PCI.ResultsBaseline PAB values were 80.68 (64.98–99.37) and 98.86 (64.70–140.62) for BMS and DES group, respectively, which were not significantly different between the 2 groups (P > 0.05). Following PCI, median PAB values decreased to 72.10 (61.40–96.13) and 81.40 (54.15–121.90) in BMS and DES groups, respectively. The reduction was significant in both BMS and DES groups (P < 0.05). The changes in PAB values were ?2.81 (?12.76 to 2.31) for BMS and ?2.82 (?29.88 to 8.93) for DES group, which were not significantly different between the 2 groups (P > 0.05).ConclusionWe found that the reported difference in clinical outcomes following DES or BMS implantation cannot be attributed to differences in early changes in oxidative stress induction as assessed by changes in PAB values.     

Coronary vasomotor abnormalities in patients with stable angina after successful stent implantation but without in-stent restenosis

Background

Coronary angiography is often performed in patients with recurrent or ongoing angina after successful percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in search of an in-stent restenosis (ISR). However, in many of these patients, no significant ISR can be detected. We speculate that enhanced coronary vasoconstriction represents an alternative explanation for angina in these patients.

Methods

From 1,285 patients with angiographically unobstructed coronaries (no stenosis ≥50 %) who underwent intracoronary acetylcholine provocation testing (ACH-test) between 2008 and 2011, we consecutively recruited 104 patients (42 female (40 %), mean age 64 ± 11 years) who fulfilled the following inclusion criteria: previous stent implantation due to obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD), ongoing/recurrent exertional angina, no significant (<50 %) ISR.

Results

In fifty-one patients with previous PCI (49 %), the ACH-test elicited enhanced epicardial vasoconstriction (≥75 % diameter reduction with reproduction of the patient’s symptoms) and microvascular vasoconstriction (reproduction of symptoms, ischemic ECG-changes and no epicardial vasoconstriction) was seen in 18 additional patients (17 %). The ACH-test was uneventful in the remaining 35 patients (34 %). Epicardial vasoconstriction in patients with previous PCI was most often distal and diffuse (31/51, 61 %, p < 0.01).

Conclusion

Enhanced epicardial and microvascular coronary vasoconstrictions are frequently found in patients with stable angina after successful PCI but without significant ISR. Intracoronary acetylcholine provocation testing may be useful in these patients to determine the cause of angina and initiate appropriate medical treatment.     

覆膜支架置入前后宿主血清炎症因子的变化

目的:支架置入宿主体内宿主所发生的变化与置入预期效果有何关系?文章观察了急性心肌梗死患者冠状动脉内支架置入前后宿主血清炎症因子的变化,并分析与支架置入后再狭窄的关系.方法:回顾性分析沈阳市第一人民医院心内科2004-01/2006-12应用支架置入治疗急性心肌梗死患者106例,其中男61例,女45例,年龄35～79岁.均符合美国心脏病学学会,美国心脏协会(ACC/AHA)关于冠心病诊断标准.75例置入Cypher支架.31例置入Firebird支架.患者对治疗知情同意.所有患者于支架置入前、支架置入后48 h和支架置入后6个月抽取空腹静脉血,检测血清白细胞介素18,白细胞介素10,C-反应蛋白,肿瘤坏死因子α含量.结果:106例患者均进入结果分析.①支架置入后6个月冠状动脉造影显示36例患者发生了再狭窄,另70例患者没发生再狭窄.②置入后再狭窄患者血清白细胞介素10、白细胞介素18、肿瘤坏死因子α和C-反应蛋白含量随着支架置入时间的延长逐渐升高(P＜0.01),且明显高于置入后无再狭窄患者(P＜0.01).结论:急性心肌梗死患者冠状动脉内支架置入后炎症因子含量升高,在支架置入后出现再狭窄的患者中更明显.     

Immediate and long-term outcomes after "Ephesos" coronary stent implantation in patients with stable or unstable angina

AIM: An open non-randomized trial was initiated to assess clinical and angiographic results of using the coronary stent "Ephesos" in 457 patients with stable or unstable angina pectoris and native coronary affections. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 268 stents have been implanted in 231 patients with stable angina (SA) and 271 stents--in 226 patients with unstable angina (UA). 46% lesions were complicated. The length of stenosis was 12.9 +/- 6.7 mm in the group SA and 14.1 +/- 7.4 mm in the group UA, 30% stenoses were long. RESULTS: Successful stenting was stated in 99% without cases of acute thrombosis. Non-fatal myocardial infarction took place in hospital in 1.3% of SA patients and in 2.6% of UA patients. Incidence of cardiac complications (death, recurrent angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, restenosis, repeated revascularization) for 6-month follow-up was 15.6% in SA group and 18.1% in UA group. At angiographic control, the index of vascular diameter loss made up 0.22 +/- 0.2 in SA group and 0.3 +/- 0.27 in UA group. Incidence of restenosis was 12 and 14%, respectively. 18-month follow-up found no differences in frequency of complications: 21.6 and 22.6% in groups SA and UA, respectively. CONCLUSION: Implantation of the stent "Ephesos" is effective in prevention of thrombosis and restenosis in patients with stable or unstable angina pectoris at high risk of intervention.     

Predictive value of C-reactive protein in patients with unstable angina pectoris undergoing coronary artery stent implantation

In-stent restenosis is a major problem following coronary stent implantation, and inflammation plays an active role. We evaluated the effectiveness of the inflammatory marker C-reactive protein (CRP) as a predictor of in-stent restenosis after successful stent implantation, in 86 patients with unstable angina pectoris. Plasma CRP was measured in all patients before the procedure, and at 48 - 72 h and 1, 2 and 3 months post-procedure. An angiographic loss of 50% at follow-up was accepted as in-stent restenosis. We found negative and positive predictive values of the pre-procedural plasma CRP for determining 6-month in-stent restenosis of 34% and 61%, respectively. We also found a strong correlation between the 3-month post-procedural CRP value and 6-month in-stent restenosis; the negative and positive predictive values being 8% and 76%, respectively. In conclusion, we showed that a plasma CRP value > 3 mg/l in the third month after coronary stent implantation was a strong predictor of angiographic in-stent restenosis.     

不稳定型心绞痛患者血清血管生成因子质量浓度的变化

目的 检测不稳定型心绞痛患者血清中血管生成因子质量浓度的变化.方法 选择57例在广西医科大学第一附属医院住院并确诊为不稳定型心绞痛的患者为研究组,研究组又分为糖尿病亚组(23例)和非糖尿病亚组(34例).排除标准为病情复杂、伴有其他器官功能损害、外周血管病变、脑梗死和近期有感染的患者.对照组为在本院体检年龄相配的健康人,共36例.收集血清,然后使用蛋白芯片检测血清中血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、血管形成蛋白-1(angiopoietin-1)、血管形成蛋白-2(angiopoietin-2)、血管生成素(angiogenin)、血管抑素(angiostatin)、碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)和血小板衍生生长因子BB (PDGF-BB)质量浓度,使用SPSS 13.0软件对数据进行成组设计资料的t检验.结果 在不稳定型心绞痛患者血清中VEGF和angiopoietin-2质量浓度较正常对照组显著增高(均P＜0.01),而angiogenin、angiopoietin1、angiostatin、bFGF和PDGF-BB两组之间比较,差异无统计学意义.在糖尿病亚组和非糖尿病亚组之间比较,7个血管生成因子的血清浓度比较差异无统计学意义.结论 不稳定型心绞痛患者血清中VEGF和angiopoietin-2浓度明显增高,糖尿病并不影响这种变化.     

血清脂蛋白(a)与稳定性心绞痛患者支架置入术后心血管事件和再狭窄的关系

目的：探讨血清脂蛋白（a）水平对稳定性心绞痛患者冠状动脉支架置入术后6个月心血管事件和再狭窄的预测价值。方法：术前测定800例稳定性心绞痛患者冠状动脉支架置入术患者基础的血清脂蛋白（a）水平，分为脂蛋白（a）（300mg／L和脂蛋白（a）≥300mg／L两组，随访术后6个月内心血管事件（心肌梗死和死亡）发生率和支架内再狭窄等情况。结果：术后6个月主要心血管不良事件脂蛋白（a）≥300mg／L组和脂蛋白（a）（300mg／L相比有增加趋势；术后6个月内支架内再狭窄发生率在脂蛋白（a）≥300mg／L与脂蛋白（a）〈300mg／L组相比明显升高。结论：基础血清脂蛋白（a）水平是稳定性心绞痛患者冠状动脉支架置入术后6个月心血管主要不良事件和支架再狭窄发生率的一个重要预测指标。