青少年生命价值投射测验（LPT）的初步编制

目的初步编制《青少年生命价值投射测验》（Teenager＇s Life—value ProjectTest）。方法采用德尔菲法进行图片分类和评分,通过投射测验收集资料,利用因子分析的方法来确定各维度的构成。结果根据因子分析的结果对维度和条目进行了修订,最终确定了敬重生命、恐惧死亡、担忧他人生命和关爱他人4个维度。结论《生命价值投射测验》采用图片投射方法测量研究对象的生命价值观,不受识字水平的限制,不受语言表达能力的限制,易于操作,结果可量化,适用于个体和群体的研究与评价。     

修订的糖尿病生命质量量表(A-DQOL)信度与效度初探

目的：通过对修订的专用糖尿病生命质量量表（Ａ－ＤＱＯＬ）信度和效度进行评价,旨在国内推广应用糖尿病生命质量评价的专用量表。方法：采用相关分析和因子分析对Ａ－ＤＱＯＬ的信度和效度进行评价。结果：Ａ－ＤＱＯＬ的重测信度为０．８２３６,折半信度为０．７９６３,克朗巴哈α系数为０．８６９９,θ系数为０．９０６０,Ω系数为０．９１６３;规定提取３个公因子,利用主因子因子分析法进行分析表明,Ａ－ＤＱＯＬ具有良     

流动人口SF-12生命质量量表信度、效度评价

目的 评估SF-12生命质量量表用于评价流动人口生命质量时的信度和效度。方法 采用内部一致性信度评估SF-12生命质量量表的信度,采用集合效度、区分效度和结构效度评估SF-12量表的效度。结果 SF-12生命质量量表用于评价流动人口生命质量时的内部一致性信度cronbach'sα=0.84,各维度与总分的相关系数除了躯体活动功能(PF)=0.43,其余均>0.50;各维度的Cranach'sα系数均>0.70,且在删除相应维度后的Cronbach'sα系数均>0.70;8个维度的集合效度定标实验成功率均为100%,区分效度定标实验成功率均为100%;对量表的理论结构模型进行验证性因子分析,所得模型结构与原始假定一致,拟合指标结果为不规范拟合指数(NNFI)=0.95、比较拟合指数(CFI)=0.96、调整后的拟合优度指数(AGFI)=0.96、近似误差均方根(RMSEA)=0.06。结论 SF-12生命质量量表用于评价流动人口生命质量时具有较好的信度和效度。     

阿尔茨海默病生命质量测评量表(QOL-AD)中文版信度和效度分析

目的 考察阿尔茨海默病生命质量测评量表QOL-AD中文版的信度和效度.方法 采用国际通用的量表翻译程序,将英文版QOL-AD翻译成中文.将QOL-AD中文版量表运用于太原市200例AD患者及其照料者,分析量表的可行性、效度和信度.结果 200例AD患者中195例完成了问卷,87例照料者全部完成了问卷,答卷的条目缺失率低于1％;QOL-AD得分(患者版)与ADL、SF-36(生理机能PF)、SF-36(生理职能RP)、GDS、SF-36(精神健康MH)、CBS的相关系数分别为-0.239、0.288、0.269、-0.211、0.290、0.227(P ＜0.01),QOL-AD得分(照料者版)与SF-36(生理职能RP)、SDS的相关系数分别为0.211、-0.266(P ＜0.05);MoCA得分低分组和其他组比较均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);MTMM矩阵单质多方法相关系数均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);量表总分的重测信度系数为0.835(P ＜0.01);QOL-AD(患者版)分半信度系数为0.674,QOL-AD(照料者版)分半信度系数为0.841;QOL-AD(患者版)的Cronbach系数为0.659,QOL-AD(照料者版)的Cronbach系数为0.869.结论 QOL-AD中文版具有较好的信度和效度,可以应用于中国阿尔茨海默病生命质量的研究.     

学龄前儿童生命质量表的信度和效度分析

目的探讨学龄前儿童生命质量表(TAPQOL)的信度和效度。方法使用汉化的学龄前儿童生命质量表,将其应用在CA16感染和健康儿童,采用Cronbach'sα系数、Pearson相关系数、t检验和验证性因子分析方法,分析量表的信度和效度。结果总体Cronbach'sα系数为0.81,各维度Cronbach'sα系数范围为0.60~0.91,仅肺部功能(0.60)和皮肤功能(0.64)0.7;CA16感染和健康儿童各维度相关系数r值为-0.465~0.781,绝对数值大多数0.5,仅睡眠和食欲之间(0.536)、社会功能和正向情绪之间(0.526)、正向情绪和活力之间(0.781)相关系数0.5;根据碎石图及解释方差百分比提取了11个公因子,因子载荷值因子在0.54~0.86,均0.4;CA16感染儿童量表各维度得分范围为53.42~97.31,健康儿童为82.92~97.08;健康儿童在睡眠、食欲、肺部功能、胃部功能、问题行为、社会功能、焦虑、正向情绪和活力得分均高于CA16感染儿童,差异均有统计学意义(P值均0.05)。结论 TAPQOL量表具有良好的信度和效度,能够适用于国内学龄前儿童生命质量情况的测评。     

中文版SF-36量表在浙江省老年人群健康生命质量评价中的信度和效度

目的 评价中文版SF-36量表在老年人群健康生命质量评价中的信度和效度.方法 2007年10-12月统一受训的调查员使用含中文版SF-36量表的问卷对浙江省城乡4241名60周岁以上的老年人面对面询问式调查,采用相关分析、信度分析、因子分析、t检验和方差分析等统计学方法 评价量表的信度和效度.结果 中文版SF-36量表具有较好的分半信度(r=0.91,P<0.001),内部一致性信度α系数除生命活力(α=0.65)、社交功能(α=0.65)、心理健康(α=0.40)维度外,其余维度的α系数均>0.8.每个条目跟相关维度的相关系数均>0.4(条目9-2除外),且高于该条目与其他维度的相关系数(条目9-8除外),说明中文版SF-36量表有良好的集合效度和区分效度.35个条目在提取的6个公因子中的分布与量表的理论结构假设基本一致,累计贡献达67.04%.除心理健康维度外,各维度具有良好的判别效度.结论 中文版SF-36量表有较好的信度和效度,适用于老年人群健康生命质量评价,但量表心理健康维度的信度与效度较低,且其中的9-2、9-8以及躯体功能维度中的3-1条目不适合于中国老年人群.     

SF-36量表应用于城市化居民生命质量评价的信度和效度分析

目的 评价SF-36量表用于城市化居民生命质量评价的信度和效度,为选择合适的健康测量工具提供参考。方法 采用多阶段整群系统抽样方法,使用SF-36量表进行入户调查,利用Spearman-Brown系数和Cronbach''s α 系数评价量表分半信度和内部一致性信度,集合效度实验和区分效度实验成功率评价量表集合效度和区分效度,采用相关分析和非参数检验以自评健康状况为标准进行标准关联效度分析,结构效度评价采用基于结构方程模型的验证性因子分析。结果 SF-36量表应用于城市化居民生命质量评价具有良好的分半信度(R=0.94)和内部一致性信度(除"躯体疼痛"和"精力"维度外,Cronbach''s α 系数为0.70~0.91),量表集合效度(定标成功率为88.57%)、区分效度(定标成功率为90.61%)和准则效度(γ_s=0.56,评分与自评健康状况相一致)良好,二阶验证性因子分析模型对数据拟合度较差(拟合优度指数为0.721,调整拟合优度指数为0.682,比较拟合指数为0.731,残差均方和平方根为0.084,近似误差均方为0.098),提示结构效度欠佳。结论 SF-36量表用于城市化居民生存质量评价具有良好的信度、集合效度、区分效度和标准关联效度,但结构效度欠佳,建议在实际应用中对相应条目进行调整。     

HTP投射测验与EPQ问卷测验的相关性研究北大核心CSCD

目的探索HTP投射测验与EPQ问卷测验在人格特质的量化判别上的相关性,验证其揭露人格内隐特质的有效性。方法对421名大学生施测HTP和EPQ,进行测验结果的相关性分析。结果 HTP具有明显的结构性特征。其中的房、树、人三因素分别对应人格特质中的内外倾(E分)、精神质(P分)和神经质(N分);但各因素均与掩饰性(L分)无相关。HTP的绘画尺寸量化结果表明,大学生被试者存在显著性别差异,女生分数均高于男生。结论 HTP具有较好的效度,在表现更多层面、较深层次的人格特质上具有独特作用。     

教管所青少年生命价值观现状分析

目的了解教管所青少年的生命价值观现状,为今后开展生命价值观教育提供依据。方法用《生命价值投射测验》（LPT）对44名少教人员及随机整群抽样抽取的成都市某普通中学210名初中男生进行心理投射调查,并同时对少教人员进行问卷调查。结果少教人员和普通初中男生在敬重生命、恐惧死亡、担忧他人生命以及关爱他人4个维度的得分分别为6.57±4.15、17.32±4.69、12.05±5.89、14.05±4.92和9.83±2.79、18.10±3.86、14.00±5.46、15.46±4.11,少教人员得分均较普通初中男生得分低,特别是敬重生命的得分差异最为显著。结论少教人员较普通初中男生持极端的生命价值观—漠视生命,在青少年中针对性的开展生命价值教育是非常急需和必要的。     

易折的青春:当代青少年生命价值观的缺失

生命价值观教育是教育青少年懂得在生活实践中如何正确对待个体生命及个体生命的价值,如何正确处理自己与他人、个体与客体关系的一种活动。生命教育是引导个体了解、体会和实践爱惜自己,尊重他人的价值的教育活动。目的就是要帮助青少年了解人生的价值,进而珍惜生命和人生、热爱生命和人生,能够尊重自己、他人、环境及自然,并使自我得到充分发展,做对社会有用、有意义的人。     

中文版酒精使用障碍筛查量表信度和效度评价

目的 评价中文版酒精使用障碍筛查量表（AUDIT）的信度和效度,为该量表在中国医学生中的推广使用提供科学依据。方法 使用电子问卷,将问卷发给5所医学院校学生,让其按意愿自行填写。了解Cronbach''s α和分半信度评价量表的信度,了解内容效度、结构效度、会聚效度和区别效度评价量表的效度。结果 中文版AUDIT量表总的Cronbach''s α为0.782,分半信度为0.711;危险饮酒、酒精依赖、有害饮酒3个维度的Cronbach''s α分别为0.796、0.561、0.647,分半信度分别为0.794、0.623、0.640。条目水平的内容效度指数（item-level CVI,I-CVI）为0.83~1.00,平均量表水平的内容效度指数S-CVI（S-CVI/Ave）为0.99,全体一致S-CVI（S-CVI/UA）为0.90,内容效度比为0.80~1.00。探索性因子分析结果显示,中文版AUDIT量表符合预设的3个维度结构,累计方差贡献率为61.175%;量表的会聚效度与区别效度定标试验成功率均为100%。结论 中文版AUDIT量表在中国医学生中具有较好的信度和效度,值得推广使用。     

医疗器械产品的可靠性设计技术与管理

医疗器械产品的可靠性正日益成为参与市场竞争的核心能力,但医疗器械产品和企业经营规模又有其独特的行业特点,本文通过对失效机理的预防、系统设计、技术平台、可靠性技术、可靠性评价、可靠性技术的专家支持系统软件工具等几方面的讲述,为医疗器械企业开展可靠性设计和管理工作提供了指南。     

Reliability and validity of the sexual life quality questionnaire (SLQQ)

The sexual life quality questionnaire (SLQQ) was developed to evaluate sexual quality of life (QOL) and satisfaction with treatments for erectile dysfunction among patients and their sexual partners. This paper describes the development of the instrument and reports its psychometric properties as observed in two studies involving patients under treatment for erectile dysfunction. The instrument consists of 16 items, 10 of which deal with dimensions of sexual QOL that can be summed to a sexual QOL scale measure. The remaining six items comprise a scale measuring satisfaction with treatment dimensions. The composite sexual QOL and treatment satisfaction scales met established psychometric goals overall and within select subgroups (length of time quartiles, patient/partner). A significant correlation between the treatment satisfaction scale score and the patients' responses to a question asking their likelihood of selecting the method for continued treatment (r: 0.89) showed the measure to be a good indicator of treatment preference. Finally, there were significant differences in sexual QOL scale scores between screening and first treatment, indicating the instrument was responsive and able to detect changes in sexual QOL.     

Reliability across studies from the functional assessment of cancer therapy-general (FACT-G) and its subscales: a reliability generalization

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to conduct a reliability generalization of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General (FACT-G) and its subscales to examine variation in score reliability across all published studies. METHODS: We reviewed 344 publications based on predetermined criteria. About 78 published studies reported Cronbach's Alpha reliability coefficients from their study in which data were collected. Sample size based weights were applied, and studies were coded on several scale and demographic characteristics. Using independent samples t tests, we examined associations between study characteristics and internal consistency variability. RESULTS: Average FACT-G score reliability was .88 (subscales ranged between .71-.83). Three variables produced small, statistically significant (P < or = .05) eta squared effects (ranging between .06-.21) due to different sources of variation in the FACT-G and subscales: ethnicity, cancer type, and study type-all of which appeared to be related to disproportionate representation of studies with the majority including Caucasian samples, mixed cancer samples, and validation type studies. CONCLUSIONS: The FACT-G and its subscales demonstrated acceptable reliability evidence across observed studies, without substantial variability due to scale or demographic characteristics.     

关节炎生活质量测量量表2-短卷的信度与效度研究

目的评价关节炎生活质量测量量表2-短卷（AIMS2-SF）的信度与效度.方法随机抽取51名关节炎患者,应用AIMS2-SF评价其生活质量（不含工作维度）,计算该量表的重测信度、内部一致性信度,并运用因子分析分析其结构效度.结果AIMS2-SF的重测信度组内相关系数值在0.60～0.80之间,内部一致性Cronbach＇s α系数为0.65～0.83,因子分析显示,AIMS2-SF的结构效度良好.结论AIMS2-SF具有较好的信度和效度,适用于我国关节炎患者生活质量的评价.     

Reliability and validity of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Colorectal (FACT-C) quality of life instrument

Background: This paper describes the development of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Colorectal (FACT-C) – a questionnaire assessing quality of life concerns pertinent to colorectal cancer patients. This self-report instrument combines specific concerns related to colorectal cancer with concerns that are common to all cancer patients as assessed with the FACT-General (FACT-G). Method: Three separate and distinct validation samples were used with different ethnic and stage of disease compositions. Results: Results suggest that the FACT-C is a reliable and valid measure in both its English and Spanish language versions. Specifically, the FACT-C evidenced good internal consistency reliability and concurrent validity, as well as an ability to distinguish between groups based on functional status and extent of disease. The FACT-C was also found to be sensitive to changes in functional status. Colorectal cancer-specific items form the Colorectal Cancer Subscale (CCS) which was found to have adequate convergent and divergent validity. Internal consistency was adequate in most samples. In addition, the CCS was able to distinguish among groups that differed in functional status and was sensitive to change in functional status. Conclusion: It is recommended that the entire FACT-C (rather than simply the CCS) be used when studying patients with colorectal cancer in order to provide a comprehensive assessment of quality of life. Recommendations are offered concerning the appropriate use of these measures in clinical research and directions for future research with colorectal cancer patients.     

Guidelines for Reporting Reliability and Agreement Studies (GRRAS) were proposed

Objective

Results of reliability and agreement studies are intended to provide information about the amount of error inherent in any diagnosis, score, or measurement. The level of reliability and agreement among users of scales, instruments, or classifications is widely unknown. Therefore, there is a need for rigorously conducted interrater and intrarater reliability and agreement studies. Information about sample selection, study design, and statistical analysis is often incomplete. Because of inadequate reporting, interpretation and synthesis of study results are often difficult. Widely accepted criteria, standards, or guidelines for reporting reliability and agreement in the health care and medical field are lacking. The objective was to develop guidelines for reporting reliability and agreement studies.

Study Design and Setting

Eight experts in reliability and agreement investigation developed guidelines for reporting.

Results

Fifteen issues that should be addressed when reliability and agreement are reported are proposed. The issues correspond to the headings usually used in publications.

Conclusion

The proposed guidelines intend to improve the quality of reporting.