增生性视网膜病变患者血清和玻璃体瘦素水平分析

增生性视网膜病变 ( proliferative retinopathy,PR)的病理特征是 ,纤维增生和新生血管形成 ,如伴增生性玻璃体视网膜病变 ( proliferative vitreoretinopathy,PVR)的视网膜脱离和增生性糖尿病视网膜病变 ( proliferative diabetic retinopathy,PDR)。目前 ,PR发病机制尚未完全弄清 ,可能是多种因素相互作用相互影响的结果。其中 ,增殖性细胞因子在其发病过程中可能发挥重要和关键的作用。瘦素是一种多功能细胞因子 ,业已证实 ,瘦素可调节体内能量的平衡 ,不仅如此 ,瘦素还具有促进新生血管形成和伤口愈合的作用 [1 ] 。我们通过检测血…     

糖尿病前部增殖性玻璃体视网膜病变

报告9例糖尿病前部增殖性玻璃体视网膜病变,描述了:其临床表现、治疗方法及手术方式,强调除行晶状体摘除外,尚需选择性采用视网膜切开、眼内电凝、条带剪切等措施。并对此病的分类、病因、病理及手术预后进行了详细讨论。     

增殖性糖尿病性视网膜病变玻璃体手术的预后分析

为探讨可能影响手术预后的各种因素及其与手术预后的关系，以指导手术时机和适应证的选择，降低手术并发症，为提高手术成功率提供依据。回顾性分析了２６只增殖性糖尿病性视网膜病变（ＰＤＲ）眼行玻璃体手术的临床资料。结果：２６眼中功能恢复１８眼（６９．２％），解剖复位３眼（１１．５％），失败５眼（１９．２％）。手术预后与玻璃体出血时间长短、患者年龄有关，与糖尿病类型、眼底病变程度（Ⅴ、Ⅵ两期）、性别、有无裂孔及术中激光治疗等因素无关（Ｐ＞０．０５）。结论：对年轻患者行玻璃体手术应慎重；ｌ型糖尿病眼宜早期手术，Ⅱ型糖尿病眼宜延期手术（一年以上），可能有助于降低手术并发症，改善手术预后。     

玻璃体手术治疗增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变

目的评价玻璃体手术治疗增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变的疗效.方法回顾分析玻璃体手术治疗PDR患者65例80眼的临床资料.随访62眼,随访期3～26个月(平均8.3个月).按Ryan and All标准比较Ⅰ组(玻璃体积血或伴有纤维血管增殖)32眼和Ⅱ组(除玻璃体积血或伴有纤维血管增殖外,合并视网膜脱离)30眼的疗效.结果功能成功工组27眼,Ⅱ组13眼;解剖成功Ⅰ组3眼,Ⅱ组8眼;失败Ⅰ组2眼,Ⅱ组9眼.两组间差异有极显著性(P＜0.001).结论玻璃体手术治疗PDR,仅有玻璃体积血或伴有纤维血管增殖组疗效优于合并有视网膜脱离组,术前光定位不良患眼预后差,手术宜慎重考虑.     

玻璃体手术治疗增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变临床分析

目的 观察手术治疗增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变的治疗效果.方法 对2007～2012年期间在焦作煤业集团中央医院眼科接受玻璃体手术治疗的增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变患者95例(116只眼)进行回顾性分析.入选病例分为3组:第1组为单纯玻璃体积血,第2组为纤维血管性增殖合并局限性视网膜脱离但未累及黄斑组,第3组为视网膜脱离累及黄斑组.对以上3组病例术前术后最佳矫正视力进行统计学分析.结果 第1组术后最佳矫正视力改善率为78.9％;第2组术后最佳矫正视力改善率为80.0％;第3组手术后最佳矫正视力改善率为53.5％.第1组与第2组的视力改善情况经x2检验,差异无统计学意义(P=0.911);第3组视力改善情况与第1组、第2组比,差异有统计学意义(P值分别为0.016、0.014).结论 在黄斑未明显受累时,玻璃体手术治疗增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变可获得较为理想的视力预后.     

玻璃体切除治疗增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变

目的:评价玻璃体切除术治疗增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变的效果。方法:93例(139眼)增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变病例均行玻璃体切除术,术后平均随访(16.72±8.53)mo,对视力及手术失败的原因进行回顾性分析。结果:98眼(70.50%)视力得到提高,术后视力明显好于术前(P<0.001);手术失败的主要原因是视网膜脱离和黄斑病变。结论:玻璃体切除术是治疗增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变的有效方法。     

糖尿病玻璃体性状特点及其与增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变的关系

糖尿病患者体内持续的高血糖及相应的病理状态不仅会导致糖尿病视网膜病变(DR),也会影响玻璃体代谢,导致糖尿病玻璃体病变。由于玻璃体与视网膜在解剖位置上毗邻,因此糖尿病玻璃体病变与DR在发生发展方面相互促进,特别是玻璃体后脱离(PVD)和玻璃体劈裂等玻璃体视网膜界面的改变,为纤维血管增殖膜的生长提供了支架,并与玻璃体切割术(PPV)术中操作密切相关。本文整理了糖尿病患者玻璃体结构及胶原交联产物改变、玻璃体视网膜界面改变及其与增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变(PDR)关系的相关研究,旨在深入了解糖尿病玻璃体病变,为DR的研究和治疗、PPV手术方案的制定等提供参考。     

增殖性糖尿病性视网膜病变玻璃体手术后角膜内皮细胞动态观察

对３０例（３０眼）增殖性糖尿病性视网膜病变，行睫状体平坦部闭合式玻璃体手术。术前及术后１、２月观察角膜内皮细胞的变异系数（ＣＶ）、密度、六角形细胞出现率。结果术前术后无显著性差异，说明未切除晶体及术后眼压正常情况下，闭合式玻璃体手术对角膜内皮无影响。     

严重糖尿病性增殖性玻璃体视网膜病变的手术治疗

目的　观察严重糖尿病性增殖性玻璃体视网膜病变 (diabeticproliferativevitreo retinopathy ,DPVR)术中所见特点 ,及其手术方法特点、填充材料应用选择及术后疗效。 方法　回顾分析 3 3例 3 4眼DPVR患者进行玻璃体切割、膜剥离、眼内激光光凝并根据情况选用眼内长效填充材料的病例。结果　术中见所有病例均有不完全玻璃体后脱离 ,玻璃体后皮质及纤维增殖膜呈强直状 ,与视网膜紧密粘连处、多位于视神经乳头及血管表面 ,需行分段剪开、进行蚕蚀式切割 ,先易后难剥离切除。术后随访 3～ 2 4个月 ,3 3 /3 4眼 (占 97% )一次解剖成功 ;3 4眼视力均有不同程度提高 ,0 0 5以上 2 6眼 (占 76 5 % ) ,与术前相比差异有显著性 (P <0 0 5 ) ;7眼视力 0 2～ 0 7。结论　玻璃体切割、不同于外伤等手术方法的玻璃体后皮质及纤维增殖膜的安全剥除、切割 ,眼内光凝 ,结合眼内填充是挽救严重PDVR患眼最终失明的有效方法。     

RBP4在增生期糖尿病性视网膜病变患者玻璃体中的表达及临床意义

目的：探讨RBP4在增生期糖尿病性视网膜病变(proliferative diabetic retinopathy, PDR)炎症反应中的作用。

方法：收集2017-02/07在武汉大学人民医院眼科中心就诊患者65例66眼玻璃体标本, 其中PDR组23例,非增生期糖尿病性视网膜病变(nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy, NPDR)组16例,非糖尿病患者26 例作为对照组。各组患者人口基线特征相匹配,PDR组及NPDR组患者糖尿病病程、血糖水平及糖化血红蛋白水平差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。ELISA检测各组玻璃体标本中视黄醇结合蛋白4(RBP4)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)的浓度。应用单因素方差分析比较并分析各组玻璃体中RBP4、IL-6、TNF-α的浓度。采用Pearson相关分析法分析RBP4与IL-6的相关性。

结果：RBP4在PDR组、NPDR组、对照组中浓度分别为13.68±2.66、11.03±1.12、10.45±1.17μg/mL。IL-6在PDR组、NPDR组、对照组中浓度分别为56.0±10.27、20.92±5.77、10.26±1.91pg/mL。PDR组中RBP4、IL-6浓度明显高于对照组及NPDR组,3组间总体差异有统计学意义(F=12.135、161.167,P<0.01),NPDR组玻璃体中RBP4浓度与对照组RBP4浓度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。NPDR组玻璃体中IL-6浓度较对照组显著升高,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。玻璃体中RBP4浓度与IL-6浓度成明显正相关(r=0.606,P=0.001)。

结论：RBP4可能参与糖尿病性视网膜病变增生期的炎症反应过程,为疾病的诊断与治疗提供新的思路。     

玻璃体手术中超全视网膜光凝对增生性糖尿病视网膜病变疗效影响

目的：探讨玻璃体手术中超全视网膜光凝对增生性糖尿病视网膜病变(proliferative diabetic retinopathy, PDR)疗效的影响。

方法： 回顾性分析2011-03/2013-03因玻璃体积血或玻璃体视网膜牵拉改变在我院接受玻璃体手术的糖尿病视网膜病变患者70例70眼,根据患者视网膜光凝范围不同将其分为超全视网膜光凝组40眼和全视网膜光凝组30眼,分别观察两组患者的最佳矫正视力、眼压及视网膜血管变化等情况,并对结果进行统计学分析。

结果：两组患者术前眼部状况、术后3mo最佳矫正视力及眼压,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。两组患者视网膜血管渗漏、后极部硬性渗出和后极部出血点的发生率比较,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。两组患者视网膜无灌注区、视盘血管渗漏的发生率比较,超全视网膜光凝组均优于全视网膜光凝组,差异有统计学意义(P=0.04、0.02)。术后两组患者黄斑水肿发生情况比较,差异无统计学意义(P=1.00),黄斑水肿消失时间比较,超全视网膜光凝组优于全视网膜光凝组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。

结论：治疗PDR患者时,在玻璃体手术中采用超全视网膜光凝在视网膜无灌注区、视网膜血管渗漏、视盘血管渗漏等方面的疗效好于全视网膜光凝,但过量的视网膜光凝对视网膜及脉络膜有明显的损伤,因此治疗过程中在尽可能覆盖视网膜病变区的同时,掌握好激光能量及光斑数量对预防并发症的发生同样重要。     

Osteopontin expression in vitreous and proliferative retinal membranes of patients with proliferative vitreous retinopathy

AIM: To analyze osteopontin (OPN) expression in vitreous and proliferative retinal membranes of patients with proliferative vitreous retinopathy (PVR). METHODS: A total of 54 vitreous fluid samples were obtained between 2009 and 2010, which contained 45 with PVR (group A) and 9 without PVR (group B). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was applied to quantify the OPN concentrations in vitreous fluid. Four samples of proliferative retinal membrane were also obtained at the time of vitrectomy, and their contents of OPN were measured by Real-time RT-PCR. RESULTS: The OPN levels in the vitreous fluid were 778.48±62.06ng/mL in group A and 452.99±32.52ng/mL in group B. The vitreous OPN levels in group A were significantly higher than those in group B and to rise by time in the early stages of PVR. The average OPN levels in the proliferative retinal membranes (F=0.14) were also higher than those in the retinal pigment cells (F=0) using Real-time RT-PCR. CONCLUSION: The high vitreous and proliferative retinal membrane OPN levels in PVR suggest that OPN might promote the development of PVR. The vitreous OPN concentrations are rising by the time in the early phases of PVR.     

眼内填充在增生型糖尿病视网膜病变合并玻璃体出血玻璃体切割术中的作用

目的　分析眼内填充在增生型糖尿病视网膜病变（ｐｒｏｌｉｆｅｒａｔｉｖｅｄｉａｂｅｔｉｃｒｅｔｉｎｏｐａｔｈｙ,ＰＤＲ）合并玻璃体出血玻璃体切割术中的作用。方法　回顾性分析２０１３年５月至２０１５年５月西安交通大学第二附属医院眼科收治的ＰＤＲ合并玻璃体出血行玻璃体切割术患者的病例资料。术后随访至少１ａ,记录患者一般资料、术前及术后最佳矫正视力、玻璃体内填充物类型、复发性玻璃体出血和视网膜脱离情况。结果　１３０例（１３０眼）患者分无填充物、空气填充和硅油填充３组分析,其中无填充物组４５例（３４．６％）、空气填充组３５例（２６．９％）和硅油填充组５０例（３８．５％）。三组患者复发性玻璃体出血分别为:１１．１％（５／４５）、８．６％（３／３５）和１０．０％（５／５０）。术后１ａ内,三组分别有９７．８％、９４．３％和９２．０％患者未发生视网膜脱离。结论　ＰＤＲ合并玻璃体出血行玻璃体切割术中应用眼内填充物在减少复发性玻璃体出血和避免视网膜脱离方面并没有优势。术中没有视网膜裂孔时应用眼内填充物是不必要的。     

PDR合并玻璃体积血的玻璃体手术时机对术后远期疗效的影响

目的:探讨增生性糖尿病视网膜病变(proliferative diabetic retinopathy,PDR)合并玻璃体积血患者的玻璃体切除手术时机与疗效.方法:回顾性分析我院2012-02/2014-05收治的PDR合并玻璃体积血行玻璃体切除手术患者.依据玻璃体积血病程分为三组,病程<1mo为A组(22眼),病程1~3mo为B组(23眼),病程>3mo为C组(25眼).所有患者玻璃体腔注射雷珠单抗后1~2wk行23G玻璃体切除手术,术中或术后补充或完成全视网膜激光光凝术.术前存在晶状体混浊的患者联合超声乳化+人工晶状体植入术,如术中填充硅油者待Ⅱ期硅油取出术中植入人工晶状体.术后随访时间24~42(平均28.7)mo,观察术中并发症(术中出血、医源性裂孔),术后并发症(玻璃体再次出血、新生血管性青光眼),黄斑水肿情况以及最佳矫正视力.结果:术前患者的基线资料组间比较,DR分期在三组之间存在统计学差异(P=0.033),其余各项基线资料三组间均无统计学差异(P>0.05).末次随访时三组间视力比较存在统计学差异(P<0.001),A组分别与B组及C组比较差异具有统计学意义(P=0.03,P<0.001);B组与C组之间比较差异不具有统计学意义(P>0.05).末次随访视力达到0.5及以上者在A、B、C组中分别为41%、23%、0;视力<0.1的患者A、B、C组分别为5%、26%、40%.硅油填充率A、B、C组分别为9%、26%、40%,三组之间比较无统计学差异(P>0.05).术后再次玻璃体积血、再次手术、黄斑水肿、视神经萎缩,新生血管性青光眼发生率三组患者间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论:PDR合并玻璃体积血早期行玻璃体切除术视力预后优于延迟手术的患者.     

Intravitreal conbercept injection with panretinal photocoagulation for high-risk proliferative diabetic retinopathy with vitreous hemorrhage

AIM: To assess the clinical efficacy and safety of combining panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) with intravitreal conbercept (IVC) injections for patients with high-risk proliferative diabetic retinopathy (HR-PDR) complicated by mild or moderate vitreous hemorrhage (VH), with or without diabetic macular edema (DME). METHODS: Patients diagnosed with VH with/without DME secondary to HR-PDR and received PRP combined with IVC injections were recruited in this retrospective study. Upon establishing the patient’s diagnosis, an initial IVC was performed, followed by prompt administration of PRP. In cases who significant bleeding persisted and impeded the laser operation, IVC was sustained before supplementing with PRP. Following the completion of PRP, patients were meticulously monitored for a minimum of six months. Laser therapy and IVC injections were judiciously adjusted based on fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) results. Therapeutic effect and the incidence of adverse events were observed. RESULTS: Out of 42 patients (74 eyes), 29 were male and 13 were female, with a mean age of 59.17±12.74y (33-84y). The diabetic history was between 1wk and 26y, and the interval between the onset of visual symptoms and diagnosis of HR-PDR was 1wk-1y. The affected eye received 2.59±1.87 (1-10) IVC injections and underwent 5.5±1.02 (4-8) sessions of PRP. Of these, 68 eyes received PRP following 1 IVC injection, 5 eyes after 2 IVC injections, and 1 eye after 3 IVC injections. Complete absorption of VH was observed in all 74 eyes 5-50wk after initial treatment, with resolution of DME in 51 eyes 3-48wk after initial treatment. A newly developed epiretinal membrane was noted in one eye. Visual acuity significantly improved in 25 eyes. No complications such as glaucoma, retinal detachment, or endophthalmitis were reported. CONCLUSION: The study suggests that the combination of PRP with IVC injections is an effective and safe modality for treating diabetic VH in patients with HR-PDR.     

贝伐单抗玻璃体腔注射对PDR伴玻璃体积血的治疗效果

目的：观察玻璃体内注射贝伐单抗对增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变( proliferative diabetic retinopathy, PDR )伴玻璃体积血的治疗效果。
　　方法：选择2013-01/2015-08于我院诊断为PDR伴玻璃体积血的患者共46例50眼,其中28例30眼接受贝伐单抗治疗,设为注药组;另外18例20眼作为对照组,对照组除未接受贝伐单抗注射外其他治疗方法及随诊等均同注药组。观察记录两组患者4 wk 后玻璃体积血吸收情况、术后最佳矫正视力、玻璃体再出血等情况。对于两组患者,贝伐单抗注射后每周随访,若出血吸收,眼底可看清,则及时行荧光素眼底血管造影及视网膜激光治疗;注药后4wk,若玻璃体积血无明显吸收或积血加重者,或随访过程中出现视网膜牵引脱离者,则及时行玻璃体切除术(pars plana vitrectoly,PPV),随诊时间3lo。
　　结果：随访3 lo后,两组患者共避免玻璃体切除术10眼,其中注药组9眼(30%),对照组1眼(5%),两组间比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.108, P=0.0171)。随访3 lo后注药组视力提高19眼(63%),对照组视力提高7眼(35%),组间比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.102,P=0.014)。两组患者中共40眼行玻璃体切除手术,注药组21眼中有5眼玻璃体腔硅油填充(24%),对照组19眼中有12眼玻璃体腔硅油填充(63%),硅油填充眼数比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=5.2849,P=0.0137)。
　　结论：贝伐单抗玻璃体腔注射后可以使部分PDR伴玻璃体积血患者避免玻璃体切除手术,降低手术难度,减少眼内硅油填充率和术后再出血,提高术后视力。     

Intravitreal bevacizumab for proliferative diabetic retinopathy with new dense vitreous hemorrhage after full panretinal photocoagulation

Purpose

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) injections for the treatment of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) with new dense vitreous hemorrhage (VH) after previous full panretinal photocoagulation (PRP).

Methods

Prospective study of consecutive PDR with prior complete PRP patients, who presented with new dense VH, were treated with IVB injection. Complete ophthalmic examination and/or ocular ultrasonography were performed at baseline and 1, 6, and 12 weeks and 6, 9, and 12 months after the first injection. Reinjection was done in non-clearing and recurrent VH.

Results

Eighteen eyes of 18 patients, mean age 47.7±12.69 years were included. In all, 14 (77.78%) patients had type 2 diabetes mellitus. Systemic hypertension and dyslipidemia were the most common systemic diseases. All cases were phakic eye with previous complete PRP. Patients received 1.6±0.42 intravitreal injections over a 12-month period. VH cleared completely in 7 (38.89%), 9 (50%), and 13 (72.22%) eyes after 6 weeks, 6 months, and 12 months, respectively. Re-bleeding, however, occurred in 10 (56%) eyes during the follow-up period, and 5 (28%) eyes still had residual VH at the last visit. Statistically significant visual gain was observed in 9 (50%) eyes. Unfortunately, 2 (11%) eyes had severe visual loss because of the tractional retinal detachment (TRD). Mild ocular complication was detected in one patient.

Conclusion

IVB injection had good efficacy and safety for treatment of new VH in patients with PDR and prior complete PRP. This procedure may be especially relevant for diabetic patients at high-risk for surgical intervention.     

Proteomic study of vitreous in proliferative diabetic retinopathy patients after treatment with aflibercept: a quantitative analysis based on 4D label-free technique

AIM: To identify different metabolites, proteins and related pathways to elucidate the causes of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and resistance to anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) drugs, and to provide biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of PDR. METHODS: Vitreous specimens from patients with diabetic retinopathy were collected and analyzed by Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analyses based on 4D label-free technology. Statistically differentially expressed proteins (DEPs), Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway representation and protein interactions were analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 12 samples were analyzed. The proteomics results showed that a total of 58 proteins were identified as DEPs, of which 47 proteins were up-regulated and 11 proteins were down-regulated. We found that C1q and tumor necrosis factor related protein 5 (C1QTNF5), Clusterin (CLU), tissue inhibitor of metal protease 1 (TIMP1) and signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPα) can all be specifically regulated after aflibercept treatment. GO functional analysis showed that some DEPs are related to changes in inflammatory regulatory pathways caused by PDR. In addition, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network evaluation revealed that TIMP1 plays a central role in neural regulation. In addition, CD47/SIRPα may become a key target to resolve anti-VEGF drug resistance in PDR. CONCLUSION: Proteomic analysis is an approach of choice to explore the molecular mechanisms of PDR. Our data show that multiple proteins are differentially changed in PDR patients after intravitreal injection of aflibercept, among which C1QTNF5, CLU, TIMP1 and SIRPα may become targets for future treatment of PDR and resolution of anti-VEGF resistance.