原发性腹膜后恶性间叶瘤伴巨大钙化1例报告

患者　男 ,46岁。腹部包块 2年 ,渐进性增大 ,自觉腹胀、腹痛 ,体重减轻。体检 :中腹部膨隆 ,偏左可触及约 10ｃｍ× 2 0ｃｍ大小包块 ,质硬 ,表面不光滑 ,活动度差。实验室检查未见异常。腹部平片 :中腹部见一巨大团块状钙化 ,大小约 5ｃｍ× 5ｃｍ(图 1)。ＣＴ所见 :肝脏下缘及右肾前方见一巨大混合性密度包块 ,大小约 10ｃｍ× 2 0ｃｍ× 2 0ｃｍ ,向下延伸至盆腔 ,其内见多个分隔 ,呈脂肪密度。左肾下极下方见一类圆形软组织影 ,左前方见一团块状钙化影 ,肠管被推压至前上方 (图 2 )。手术及病理所见 :肿瘤位于腹膜后、肠系膜上血管下方…     

胃间叶肉瘤1例报告

患者　女 ,65岁。因上腹不适伴反酸、嗳气 2月 ,触及上腹部包块 1个月就诊 ,无明显腹痛 ,否认呕血及黑便史。Ｂ超示 :上腹部实质性包块 ,肝、胆、脾未见明显异常。腹部ＣＴ平扫 :上腹部见 9.5ｃｍ× 7.4ｃｍ大小软组织影 ,呈分叶状 ,密度不均 ,边界尚清晰 ,ＣＴ值约 3 5ＨＵ ,与胃紧密相连 ,并有少量对比剂进入其内 (图 1)。肝、脾、胰未见明显异常。ＣＴ诊断 :右上腹占位考虑胃平滑肌瘤 ,不排除平滑肌肉瘤可能。手术见 :胃大弯中部(胃体 )可见 2 0ｃｍ× 15ｃｍ肿块 ,不规则、分叶状 ,局部有坏死 ,大小弯侧与胃壁不能分离 ,与横结肠部分粘…     

右侧卵巢纤维瘤一例

患者　女 ,70岁。下腹部胀痛并发现包块 1个月。近来自觉包块迅速增大 ,伴尿频及便秘。体检 :下腹部可扪及直径约2 2ｃｍ实质性包块 ,表面稍不平坦 ,质硬可活动。Ｂ超提示为混合性包块 ,主要为实质性 ,大小 2 2 .8ｃｍ× 12 .0ｃｍ ,囊性占5 .9ｃｍ× 3 .5ｃｍ ,多房 ,下腹两侧及肋下均可见液性暗区。ＣＴ表现 :平扫腹部可见一囊实性肿块 ,实性为主 ,偏右侧边界清晰 ,大小 19ｃｍ× 12ｃｍ× 16ｃｍ ,ＣＴ值 14～ 35ＨＵ。块影、肝脾周围及Ｄｏｕｇｌａｓ’腔均有低密度积液征。小肠受压左移 (图 1)。增强扫描肿块实质部分有轻度强化 ,ＣＴ…     

十二指肠憩室穿孔致腹腔脓肿一例

患者　女 ,2 1岁。下腹部包块 4月余 ,渐进性增大 ,以平卧时明显 ,无明显疼痛不适。因突发高热 3 9℃ ,伴寒颤 2天 ,继而出现腹部包块处阵痛难忍入院。体检 :下腹部可触及一约 12ｃｍ× 8ｃｍ包块 ,质中 ,边界清楚 ,有压痛 ,无反跳痛。血常规ＷＢＣ18.6× 10 9/Ｌ。Ｂ超 :下腹有一边缘不规则、边界欠清晰、大小约 9.5ｃｍ×5 .8ｃｍ× 10 .5ｃｍ的包块 ,其内回声强弱不等 ,分布不均。Ｂ超诊断 :下腹非均质性实性包块 (考虑来自后腹膜 )。结肠钡剂灌肠 (图 1) :见中下腹一类椭圆形致密影 ,大小约 11ｃｍ× 7ｃｍ× 13ｃｍ ,边界较清 ,与结肠…     

幼儿巨大网膜囊肿一例

患儿　男 ,2岁零 4个月。因发现腹部巨大包块并腹胀、呕吐 ,腹泻 1个月入院。查体 :一般情况差 ,贫血貌 ,心肺未发现异常。腹膨隆 ,偏右侧可触及约 9ｃｍ× 10ｃｍ× 12ｃｍ包块 ,质韧 ,有轻压痛 ,活动度差。影像检查 :Ｂ超检查腹腔内探及约 15ｃｍ× 12ｃｍ× 8.5ｃｍ液性无回声团块 ,上界起自右肋缘下 ,下界达盆腔 ,境界清 ,团块内见乳头状实质回声漂浮 ,后壁紧贴脊柱 (图 1)。Ｂ超诊断 :腹腔内巨大液性占位病变 ,多源于腹膜后。ＣＴ平扫示腹腔偏右侧巨大囊性病变 ,自腹前壁抵脊柱前 ,约 8.9ｃｍ× 10 .1ｃｍ×13 .0ｃｍ大小 ,推挤肠道左…     

肠系膜囊性淋巴管瘤1例报告

1　病例介绍男 ,3岁 ,家长发现腹部包块 1周来就诊。查体 :右中下腹触及 6.0ｃｍ× 5 .0ｃｍ× 7.0ｃｍ包块 ,质软 ,界清。ＣＴ检查 :右肾下极下方见水样密度块状影 ,6.2ｃｍ× 4.3ｃｍ左右。壁薄 ,密度均匀 ,ＣＴ值 2 5ＨＵ ,腰大肌受压变形 ,肠管移位 (图 1)。ＣＴ诊断 :右侧腹腔囊性占位。手术及病理 :剖腹探及小肠系膜囊性肿物 ,约 6.0ｃｍ×4.0ｃｍ× 5 .0ｃｍ ,包膜完整。病理诊断 :囊性淋巴管瘤。2　讨论淋巴管瘤是由于胚胎发育障碍 ,淋巴管增殖扩张或淋巴液回流受阻所致。病理上分为单纯性淋巴管瘤、海绵状淋巴管瘤、囊性淋巴管瘤[1…     

巨大尿生殖源性囊肿一例

患者　男 ,5岁。发现腹部包块 2周。查体 :腹部偏左侧膨隆 ,扪及一 14 .0ｃｍ× 10 .0ｃｍ× 8.0ｃｍ包块 ,质中偏软 ,表面光滑 ,活动度小 ,无压痛 ,未闻及血管杂音。影像学表现 :静脉肾盂造影示除见左侧输尿管全段被向外侧推移外 ,余未见异常。ＣＴ示腹腔左侧巨大囊性占位灶 ,约 13.0ｃｍ× 9.4ｃｍ× 4 .0ｃｍ ,上起胆囊窝水平 ,下至髂嵴平面。内部密度均匀 ,ＣＴ值 39ＨＵ ,未见钙化 ,胰腺被推向右侧。ＭＲＩ示腹腔左侧囊性占位 ,Ｔ1ＷＩ呈稍短Ｔ1分层信号 (图 1) ;Ｔ2 ＷＩ信号不均 ,呈稍长分层改变 (图 2 )。腹膜后未见肿大淋巴结。占…     

腹膜后巨大脂肪肉瘤伴多发骨化块形成1例报告

患者　女 ,45岁。 3个月前出现右上腹鸡蛋大包块 ,伴大便次数增多 ,包块增长迅速 ,1月前出现餐后腹胀 ,渐加重 ,并发现左下腹包块。查体示上腹部膨隆 ,右上腹有大小 2 0ｃｍ×18ｃｍ、10ｃｍ× 10ｃｍ包块 ,质硬 ,固定。ＣＴ检查 :中下腹可见一巨大软组织肿块 ,大小约 3 0ｃｍ×2 5ｃｍ× 18ｃｍ ,密度不均 ,以软组织及脂肪组织密度为主 ,ＣＴ值为 2 7.7ＨＵ ,软组织内见多发大小不等的骨样密度块影 ,ＣＴ值为 110 1.2ＨＵ ,大者约 6ｃｍ× 9ｃｍ(图 1) ,增强后软组织部分强化明显 ,ＣＴ值为 72ＨＵ ,脂肪及骨组织无强化 (图 2 )。肿块边界…     

宫外孕的B超与CT表现

例 1　女 ,2 4岁 ,因停经 5 5ｄ ,右下腹痛 1ｈ入院。入院前 1周自然排出一组织物 ,未作病理。ｈＣＧ 4193ｍＩＵ ｍｌ。 1994年有左侧输卵管壶腹部妊娠切除史。妇检 :阴道内中等量血性分泌物 ,宫颈着色明显 ,无举痛 ,后穹窿不饱满 ,子宫大如孕 2月 ,子宫前壁扪及 1.5ｃｍ× 3ｃｍ包块 ,质硬无压痛 ,右侧附件扪及 3ｃｍ× 2ｃｍ× 2ｃｍ囊实性包块 ,压痛 (+ )。Ｂ超 :子宫大 ,99ｍｍ× 76ｍｍ× 48ｍｍ ,内膜厚 11ｍｍ ,左附件偏上方探及 42ｍｍ× 3 2ｍｍ含液占位 ,边缘欠清 ,壁厚 6ｍｍ ,中心无回声暗区 (图 1)。ＣＴ :子宫大以前壁增厚为…     

横结肠脂肪瘤并急性溃疡一例

病例资料　患者 ,男 ,45岁。下腹部疼痛伴不适 2年 ,加重1个月来我院就诊。体检 :腹部平坦 ,未见肠型及胃肠蠕动波 ,腹软 ,未触及包块 ,肝脾肋下未触及 ,叩诊移动性浊音阴性 ,肠鸣音 4～ 5次 /分。血、尿常规正常。Ｘ线检查 :结肠低张气钡造影片示横结肠近肝曲可见一大小约 3 .2ｃｍ× 2 .8ｃｍ之充盈缺损 ,其轮廓不规则 ,表面欠光整 ,缺损区内可见大小 1.6ｃｍ× 0 .7ｃｍ的钡团影 ,余未见异常(图 1)。诊断为横结肠占位性病变 ,恶性肿瘤待排。手术所见 :横结肠中段有 4ｃｍ× 3ｃｍ大小包块 ,质硬 ,活动度尚可 ,包块近端与远端轻度套叠 ,切…     

Optimization of the system of medical service of students of Cadet Schools of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

One of the factors of the successful military career guidance Cadet schools students is preserving and promoting their health. Medical support of children and adolescents aged 10-17 years should include the full range of medical and preventive measures defined for this group. The state of providing outpatient care for pupils at the Cadet School in St. Petersburg was studied. These results show that full medical care in accordance with the standards can be based only on children's health clinics. It is important that the organization of medical support pupils cadet schools should be cooperate with civilian health care.     

带状疱疹83例误诊原因分析

带状疱疹是由水痘—带状疱疾病毒引起的皮肤科常见疾病。其主要的病理损害,一是受累神经的严重炎症性浸润,继而导致受侵犯神经节内神经细胞变性、坏死;二是皮肤的水泡。迅速抑制神经节和相应的感觉神经纤维的充血、水肿和坏死,防止粘连形成,达到迅速镇痛、改善皮损,缩短病程及防止后遗症的发生是治疗的关键。因而,尽早明确诊断,     

Estimation of accumulated dose of radiation by method of ESR-spectrometry of dental enamel of mammals

ESR-spectrometry was used to investigate radiation-induced paramagnetic centers in enamel of mammals: carnivores (polar bear and fox), ungulates (reindeer, European bison, moose), and man. Values at half the microwave power saturation of the radiation signal, P_1/2, evaluated at room temperature, was found to range from 16 to 26 mW for animals and man. A new approach to discrimination of the radiation induced signal from the total ESR spectrum of reindeer enamel is proposed. ‘Dose-response’ dependencies of enamel of different species mammals were measured within the dose range from 0.48 up to 10.08 Gy. Estimations of ‘radiosensitivity’ enamel of carnivores and ungulates showed good agreement with radiosensitivity enamel of man by ESR method.     

Analysis of the results of the international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of Fe

The results of an international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of ⁵⁵Fe organized by the BIPM in 2005 are reported and analysed. This exercise, which follows the procedures of the CIPM mutual recognition arrangement to update older comparisons, is a renewal of the comparison organized by the BIPM that took place in 1978. A EUROMET comparison was organized in 1996 specifically to compare activity measurements of a ⁵⁵Fe solution by means of liquid-scintillation techniques. Results of these three comparisons are presented and discussed in this paper.

The radionuclide solution was provided by the NPL, which also distributed the samples to the participants. The activity of the ampoules was measured by 16 laboratories using 12 methods producing 25 results. Some general considerations on uncertainty assessments pertaining to the different techniques used are drawn. The outcome of four different estimators is compared from which the presence of at least one outlier can be confirmed. Further measurements should be made to try to reduce the discrepancy between the results. To date the outcome of the present comparison does not show an improvement to that of the 1996 comparison.     

Evaluation of the results of various technics of non-surgical therapy of varicocele

A new method of non-surgical treatment of varicocele syndrome is described: it consists in sclerotherapy of spermatic vein by trans-femoral percutaneous catheterization with balloon-catheters. In 8 cases venous thrombosis has been induced by direct electric clotting. The techniques and a 6 months follow-up are discussed. It is pointed out that this procedure should be considered as the method of choice for tubular lesions and sub-fertility prophylaxis in young people and in childhood.     

延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因分析

目的探讨延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因和预防措施.方法回顾性分析总结12例延迟性脾破裂中的诊断和误漏诊的经验与教训.结果本组延迟性脾破裂的误漏诊5例(41.66%).对多发伤与脾破裂并存可能认识不足,外伤史轻微或伤员隐瞒外伤史,缺乏腹痛-缓解-突然再腹痛的典型病史,缺乏“对冲性脾破裂”力学分析和整体化诊断思路等为其误漏诊的主要原因.结论详细的外伤史和全面系统检查,重视腹以外多发伤掩盖腹内脏器伤及延迟性脾破裂可能.确立外伤-腹内脏器伤-脾破裂整体化诊断思路.不间断地辅以B超检查脾形态学变化和腹内有无积液,腹腔穿刺确定有无血腹、X线胸腹部检查观察左侧胸肋角和膈肌运动情况、必要时CT检查以尽早发现脾包膜下血肿,降低延迟性脾破裂误漏诊率.