The clinical efficacy of treating patients with nonspecific lung diseases using low-energy laser irradiation and intrapulmonary drug administration]

Intrapulmonary administration of glucocorticosteroids and antibiotics combined with low-energy laser radiation was employed in the treatment of patients with infection-dependent bronchial asthma in the phase of exacerbation and frequent asphyxia attacks, long medical history and of patients with lung abscesses. The purpose of the work was to study and compare the clinical effectiveness of the method in the gravest group of patients suffering from nonspecific pulmonary diseases: suppurative (acute lung abscess) and infectious allergic (infection-dependent bronchial asthma of medium gravity with frequent attacks, long medical history, tendency towards aggravation of the status and low efficacy of broncholytics). The results of the treatment and follow-up have shown that the use of the combined treatment suggested is most optimal in patients with acute lung abscesses (the percentage of the cured is 94.1). In patients with infection-dependent bronchial asthma, the use of laser therapy combined with intrapulmonary administration of steroids also noticeably improved the clinical, functional and immunological characteristics, prolonged the phase of remission.     

Therapeutic potential of glucocorticoids inhalation in bronchial asthma]

AIM: To assess effectiveness and safety of inhalation glucocorticoids (budesonide, beklometasone dipropionate) in bronchial asthma (BA). MATERIALS AND METHODS: 19 BA patients (8 males and 11 females) inhaled glucocorticoids for 9 months. RESULTS: The treatment reduced the need in inhalation of short-acting beta-2-adrenomimetics, episodes of asphyxia occurred less frequently. A significant improvement of bronchial permeability was achieved only after 3 months of therapy. Blood levels of hydrocortisone, concentrations of magnesium, calcium and potassium in the serum, red cells and 24-h urine, serum osteocalcin, lumbar vertebral tissue density 3, 6 and 9 months after the treatment start were almost similar to the baseline. CONCLUSION: Glucocorticoids for inhalation are clinically effective in BA. They should be used for not less than 3 months. Topical steroids in mean therapeutic doses had no negative effects on the levels of hydrocortisone, mineral metabolism and bone tissue.     

Intravascular laser irradiation of blood in the treatment of patients with bronchial asthma

AIM: To investigate action of intravascular laser blood irradiation (ILBI) on production of active oxygen forms (AOF) in patients with bronchial asthma (BA). MATERIAL AND METHODS: The trial included 59 BA patients aged 20 to 60 years (mean age 40.2 +/- 3.1 years). AOF generation in whole blood was registered with luminol-dependent chemiluminescence (CL). Basic therapy was given to 42 patients. ILBI was added to basic therapy in 17 patients. RESULT:. CL of whole blood in BA patients depended on severity of inflammation. BA patients with intensive CL exposed to ILBI retained free radical oxidation defects and the disease symptoms. In low intensity of blood CL, ILBI activated A OF generation and raised treatment effectiveness. CONCLUSION: ILBI raises AOF production in the whole blood of BA patients. CL registration can be used for validation of ILBI administration in BA patients and control of effectiveness of laser therapy.     

The clinical efficacy and pharmacokinetic characteristics of theopek and theobiolong in bronchial asthma patients]

The pharmacokinetics of theopec (TP) and theobiolong (TB) was studied and compared to theotard and durophylline in 24 bronchial asthma patients. The efficacy of the continuous use of TP and TB was examined in 64 patients. Theophylline (TPh) was absorbed from TP tablets according to the laws of the kinetics of the first order, i. e. one-third of the dose was absorbed rapidly whereas the remaining two-thirds 7.5 times were slowly. The kinetics of TPh absorption from TW was marked by the zero order at a constant rate of 45 mg/h. The volume of distribution, the elimination rate constant, the total clearance, and bioavailability of the drugs under comparison did not differ significantly. During continuous treatment with TP and TB, equiponderant concentrations of TPh were attained by the 4th day, the mean maximum concentration of TPh for TP was 10.6 +/- 1.8, that for TB 9.6 +/- 0.9 micrograms/ml. By the 7th day of the treatment with TP and TB a beneficial clinical effect was reached in 79 and 81% of the patients, respectively, in spite of the fact that there was no well-defined correlation with the changes in the volume of forced expiration per second. During TP and TB intake, the side effects common to TPh occurred equally often (in 19 and 23% of cases, respectively), but they were short-lived and disappeared by themselves or after correction of the dosage. As for TP, the side effects were mostly recorded on the part of the gastrointestinal tract whereas TB provoked tachycardia, cardialgia which should be taken into account in cases where the drug is prescribed to patients with concomitant diseases.     

An evaluation of the efficacy of Beclometh in bronchial asthma patients]

Fifteen bronchial asthma patients were followed-up for 6 months. They were administered beclomet-250 in a daily dose 1000 micrograms. The patients' clinical status was characterized by positive changes, ventilation function of the lungs improved. The drug was discovered to produce no suppressive action on adrenal function. Besides, the patients did not develop oropharyngeal candidiasis.     

The alpine climatotherapy of bronchial asthma patients]

As many as 132 patients with bronchial asthma were examined for the clinical, functional and laboratory parameters before and during alpine climatotherapy at a height of 3200 m above the sea level (the Tyuya-Ashu pass, the northern Tien Shan). In addition to the improvement of the general status, the patients manifested amelioration of ventilation and decreased responsiveness of the bronchial tree by the end of alpine climatotherapy. Favourable alterations in the immune parameters together with appreciable stimulation of steroidogenesis in the adrenals were discovered. Investigation into surface activity of the exhaled air condensate revealed activation of the surfactant system. These data and endoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage confirmed the reduction of the inflammatory lesions in the tracheobronchial tree. Therefore, alpine climatotherapy produces a favourable effect on the main mechanisms of the disease development and can be used on a wider basis for the treatment of patients suffering from bronchial asthma.     

Evaluation of clinical effectiveness of intravenous laser irradiation of blood, plasmapheresis and their combination in patients with bronchial asthma]

AIM: To compare clinical response to intravenous laser radiation of blood (ILRB), plasmapheresis (PA) and ILRB + PA in patients with bronchial asthma (BA). MATERIALS AND METHODS: 122 patients with endogenic BA of moderate severity were divided into four groups: group 1 was exposed to ILRB, group 2--to PA, group 3--to ILRB + PA, group 4 received only chemotherapy. The effect was assessed by body plethismography, peak flowmetry, NBT-test, LCP-test. RESULTS: Patients of group 1-3 vs group 4 demonstrated earlier disappearance of cough and normalization of lung auscultative picture, lower demand of oral glucocorticosteroids, 2 times longer remission, better external respiration function, earlier normalization of peak expiration flow. ILRB, PA and ILRB + PA activate function of oxygen-dependent bactericidal system of blood neutrophils and inhibited activity of non-oxygen-dependent system. CONCLUSION: Combined treatment of moderate severity BA with ILRB, PA alone and in combination is more effective than conventional drug therapy, the highest effect by remission terms being achieved in combination of ILRB with PA.     

The efficacy of intestinal dysbacteriosis correction in patients with bronchial asthma

Altogether 119 patients with infectious-allergic bronchial asthma were examined for intestinal dysbacteriosis and for the immune status (T and B lymphocytes, TPS-RFC, TPR-RFC, IgA, IgM and IgG in blood and feces). Intestinal dysbacteriosis was discovered in 79.8 percent of the cases, more frequently in grave asthma course. Sixteen patients with grades II-III dysbacteriosis were treated with the bacterial preparations (colibacterin, bifidobacterin or bifikol) under outpatient conditions. As a result of the treatment the clinical signs of intestinal dysbacteriosis disappeared, the fecal microflora improved and the immune status returned to normal. However the blood concentration of IgG remained high.     

支气管哮喘患者健康教育的实施与效果评价

目的 探讨支气管哮喘患者健康教育最佳方法。通过完整全面的健康教育,提高支气管哮喘患者的生存质量。方法 对25例支气管哮喘患者采取护患参与的综合健康教育方式,并于入院时、健康教育后、出院后6个月进行生存质量测定。结果 与健康教育前相比,25例患者健康教育后的生存质量明显提高(P<0.01)。结论 综合健康教育对提高支气管哮喘患者的自我保健意识,建立良好的遵医行为,提高生存质量有着十分重要意义。     

Efficacy of low intensity laser irradiation and sodium nedocromil in the complex treatment of patients with bronchial asthma

AIM: To study efficiency of low-intensity laser radiation (LILR) and sodium nedokromil (tailed) in combined treatment of bronchial asthma (BA). MATERIAL AND METHODS: The choice of the treatment depended on the activity of bronchial inflammation and the presence of contraindications. Laser was used on the skin in the area of the lung and great vessels projection, endobronchially. Tailed was given in inhalations and irrigations of the tracheobronchial tree during therapeutic fibrobronchoscopy. These methods were used in combined treatment of 220 BA patients. RESULTS: Combined use of LILR and tailed proved highly effective and safe in BA. Cytological markers of cell reactions of the bronchopulmonary system on the action of LILR were revealed. CONCLUSION: Availability, good reproducability, cost-effect efficacy and safety make LILR one of the most beneficial nonpharmacological treatments for bronchial asthma.     

The efficacy of theopek in bronchial asthma and chronic bronchitis

The clinical efficacy of the new Soviet long-acting drug theophylline (theopec) was studied in 126 patients with bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive bronchitis. Theopec turned out to be an effective means of the basic antirelapsing and rehabilitation therapy. The drug has a high broncholytic activity and good tolerance, decreasing the requirement for the use of the beta-adrenomimetics and glucocorticosteroids. In patients with bronchial asthma, the drug produced a more pronounced effect. Theopec can be widely used in the treatment and rehabilitation of chronic broncho-obstructive diseases.     

Clinical efficacy of target low-intensity laser radiation on the adrenal projection region in patients with bronchial asthma

AIM: To study efficacy of infrared laser radiation on the adrenal projection region in patients with bronchial asthma (BA). MATERIAL AND METHODS: The adrenal region of BA patients was exposed to infrared laser radiation. The effect was stated after blood count, examination of the urine and sputum, blood biochemical tests, blood hydrocortisone assay. RESULTS: Positive clinical response to laser therapy manifested with improvement of clinical, device and spirometric indices in BA patients. Blood levels of hydrocortisone normalized. CONCLUSION: Infrared laser radiation of adrenal projection region reduced the number of asphyxia attacks, improved bronchial drainage, shortened the disease duration. The method is well tolerated, safe, easy to make and suggested for use in combined treatment of BA.     

Immune and interferon system in patients with bronchial asthma]

We studied the levels of acute inflammation phase proteins (AIPP), production of alpha, gamma and serum interferons, the activity of epsilon-receptors of T-lymphocytes in 39 patients with bronchial asthma (BA). Correlations were made with the process severity and basic therapy. We discovered imbalance of immunoregulatory mechanisms: enhanced AIPP synthesis, low production of induced alpha and gamma interferons, elevated concentrations of poor-differentiated T-lymphocytes. This confirms persisting inflammation in BA.     

护理干预对支气管哮喘缓解期患者疗效的影响观察

目的探讨护理干预对支气管哮喘缓解期患者疗效的影响。方法将80例支气管哮喘患者随机分为观察组和对照组各40例,对照组给予常规护理,观察组在常规护理的基础上给予护理干预,包括病情观察、避免不良刺激、脱敏疗法、用药、心理护理等。结果观察组对疾病相关知识的掌握情况明显优于对照组,其组间比较差异具有统计学意义,P<0.05;观察组哮喘发作、住院情况都明显优于对照组,经统计学处理,差异具统计学意义,P<0.05;观察组和对照组在护理干预后1s用力呼气容积(FEV1)和峰值呼气流值(PEF)值都有明显改善,与治疗前相比差异均具有统计学意义,P<0.05。但观察组FEV1和PEF值改善更显著,与对照组相比,差异具有统计学意义,P<0.05。结论对支气管哮喘患者缓解期进行全面护理,能有效的减缓支气管哮喘患者哮喘发作。     

The efficacy of bioelectrostimulation in treating patients with burn injuries]

The paper describes the data obtained by Soviet and American physicians who took part in the treatment of patients burnt in the Bashkiria accident (an outburst of petroleum products). It was established that in deep burns bioelectrostimulation combined with early necrectomy and autodermoplasty yielded the best therapeutic results.     

The clinico-cytological parallels in exacerbated bronchial asthma]

The authors provide the data on estimation of the character and intensity of inflammation in the proximal and distal bronchi as well as in the respiratory compartment of the lungs, obtained as a result of an all-round examination including a cytological assay of the bronchoalveolar washing off of 31 bronchial asthma patients in the period of disease exacerbation. A correlation analysis is given between the interrelationship between the intensity of bronchial obstruction and the level of eosinophilia in peripheral blood, sputum and in bronchoalveolar washing off. It has been revealed that the relative content of eosinophils in bronchoalveolar washing off is in the best agreement with the intensity of bronchial obstruction.     

The effect of theophylline on purine receptor function in bronchial asthma patients]

A study was made of purine receptors (PR) in healthy subjects and bronchial asthma (BA) patients before and after theophylline (TP) treatment. BA patients demonstrated a significant lowering of the binding sites of A2PR and a tendency toward the rise of the number of A1PR on peripheral blood lymphocytes as compared to the healthy subjects. As a result of TP therapy for 3 weeks, the number of A2PR increased in 69% and the number of A1PR fell in 50% of the patients. The efficacy of TP pharmacotherapy depended significantly on the increment of the binding sites of A2PR. The growth of the number of A2PR was recorded in the groups of patients with a beneficial and satisfactory effect of the treatment.