两种抗原致敏方式负载树突状细胞疫苗对结直肠癌细胞株的体外杀伤作用

目的 比较两种抗原负载方式对树突状细胞(DCs)疫苗的影响.方法 抽取HLA表型为A11的健康志愿者外周血,分离单核细胞,体外培养.通过反复冻融LoVo细胞,提取肿瘤细胞裂解物或者使用含CEA片断的重组腺相关病毒转染未成熟DCs,诱导特异性细胞毒性T细胞.检测体外培养的DCs和CTL活性,并使用MTT法检测两组CTL对LoVo细胞的杀伤作用.结果 两种方式均可培养的成熟DCs,诱导的CTL细胞分泌IFN-γ有所增加;转染后DCs诱导特异性CTL可有效识别并杀伤HLA-A11阳性的LoVo细胞,腺相关病毒提呈抗原制备的DCs疫苗对LoVo细胞的杀伤作用明显高于肿瘤细胞裂解物的抗原负载方式.结论 两种抗原提呈方式均可培养出成熟的DCs,不明显改变DCs表型和刺激淋巴细胞增殖、分化功能,并可诱导自体CTL增殖.使用腺相关病毒转染DCs的方式明显优于肿瘤细胞裂解物的抗原负载方式.     

含乙型肝炎表面抗原基因重组腺相关病毒的构建及其基因的表达和功能初步研究

OBJECTIVE: To construct recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) carrying hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) gene and study the function of the expressed HBsAg. METHODS: HBsAg gene (subtype ayw) was amplified from PTHBV-1 by PCR and cloned into the adeno-associated virus vector pSNAV to form the recombinant pSNAV-HBsAg, which was transfected into BHK-21 cells by means of lipofectamine. Using G418 selection, a mixed cell line, BHK-HBsAg, was isolated, which was capable of HBsAg expression and was subsequently infected with HSV-1-HSV1-rc/Delta UL2 that was able to package the rAAV. After purification, rAAV-HBsAg was obtained. The expression of HBsAg in BHK-21 cells and 293 cells infected with rAAV-HBsAg were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the HBsAg antibodies in the sera of rAAV-HBsAg-immunized BalB/C mice were assayed by radio immunoassay. RESULTS: As detected by ELISA, the expressed HBsAg in mixed cell line mounted to 28.6+/-6.72 ng per 5 x 10(6) cells. The BHK-21 cells and 293 cells infected with rAAV-HBsAg were both capable of HBsAg expression, the amount of which augmented with the increase of multiplicity of infection (MOI). BalB/C mice immunized with rAAV-HBsAg produced anti-HBsAg antibodies. CONCLUSIONS: rAAV-HBsAg can induce humoral immune response against HBsAg and therefore can be a promising candidate hepatitis B vaccine, and in addition, it may serve the purpose of exploring possible immunotherapy for chronic HBV infection.     

树突状细胞感染Her2/neu膜外及跨膜区蛋白基因重组腺病毒后的免疫功能变化

目的 观察体外树突状细胞（DC）感染编码Her2／neu基因膜外第一受体区（Her2-ECDs）、全长膜外区（Her2-ECD）和膜外跨膜区（Her2-TM）蛋白3种重组腺病毒（rAdrier2-ECDs、rAdrier2-ECD和rAdHer2-TM）后的免疫功能变化。方法 重组腺病毒感染未成熟DC后，Western blot法检测目的蛋白在DC中的表达。ELISA法检测DC感染3个重组腺病毒后的白介素-12（IL-12）分泌水平及与淋巴细胞共孵育后上清中干扰素-γ（IFN-γ）的含量。采用混合白细胞反应检测DC感染前后刺激同种异体淋巴细胞的增殖能力。MTT法检测细胞毒T淋巴细胞（CTL）活性。结果 Her2-ECDs、ECD、TM蛋白在DC中获得表达。转染DC培养第5天，上清中IL-12含量比未转染DC含量高（P〈0．05），但3种重组病毒之间无明显差异（P〉0．05）。DC刺激淋巴细胞增殖后培养上清中IFN-γ的含量显示随着时间的延长逐步增高，但病毒感染DC明显高于非感染DC。DC明显介导淋巴细胞增殖反应，除rAdHer2-TM感染DC外，另两种转染和非转染DC之间无差异（P〉0．05）。在DC诱导的CTL反应中，病毒感染DC诱导的杀伤率明显高于SK-OV-3修饰和非修饰DC，而SK-OV-3修饰又高于非修饰DC杀伤率（P〈0．05）。在病毒感染DC中．以rAdrier2-TM转染DC激发的CTL活性为最强。对高表达Her2／neu蛋白的乳腺癌细胞株的杀伤率明显高于对Her2／neu表达阴性的杀伤率（P〈0．05）。结论 编码Her2／neu膜外及跨膜区蛋白重组腺病毒转染DC后，明显增强DC的抗肿瘤免疫功能．诱导出Her2／neu特异性的CTL活性。     

含CEA片段的重组腺病毒转染DCs诱导特异性T细胞对结直肠癌细胞株的体外杀伤作用

目的:探讨人外周血单核细胞来源的树突状细胞转染含CEA片段的重组腺病毒后所诱导的特异性T细胞对直肠癌细胞株LOVO和SW480的体外杀伤作用。方法:抽取HLA表型为A11的健康志愿者外周血,分离单核细胞,体外培养,使用含CEA片断的重组腺病毒转染未成熟DCs,诱导特异性T细胞。检测体外培养的DCs和CTL活性,并使用MTT法检测CTL对LOVO细胞的杀伤作用。结果:转染或未转染的体外培养的成熟DCs高表达CD40、CD86,IL-12,诱导的CTL细胞高表达IFN-γ;转染后DCs诱导特异性CTL可有效识别并杀伤HLA-A11阳性的LOVO细胞。结论:重组腺病毒转染DCs,不明显改变DCs表型和刺激淋巴细胞增殖、分化功能,可诱导自体CTL增殖,含CEA片断的腺病毒转染DCs诱导自体CTL对LOVO细胞有明显杀伤作用。     

含hTERT片段的重组逆转录病毒感染对树突状细胞功能的影响

目的观察含人端粒酶逆转录酶（hTERT）片段的重组逆转录病毒感染对树突状细胞（DCs）功能的影响。方法ELISA试剂盒检测DCs培养液中IL-12水平;混合白细胞（MLR）反应检测含hTERT片段的重组逆转录病毒感染的DCs（hTERT-DCs）和未感染的DCs（N-DCs）刺激同种异体淋巴细胞增殖能力;流式细胞术检测DCs表面分子CD80、CD83、CD86和HLA-DR的变化;CytoTox96非放射性细胞毒性检测试剂盒检测细胞毒性T淋巴细胞（CTL）反应。结果hTERT-DCs和N-DCs在分泌IL-12的水平、刺激同种异体淋巴细胞增殖的能力方面无明显差异;hTERT-DCs的CD83表达水平低于N-DCs,同时,hTERT-DCs激发的CTL对端粒酶阳性的靶细胞杀伤率明显高于端粒酶阴性的靶细胞（P〈0．05）。结论hTERT-DCs尽管有可能阻止DCs自身的成熟,但在活化淋巴细胞、刺激淋巴细胞分化增殖的能力方面并没发生明显改变,并且还能激发hTERT特异性CTL。     

表面抗原调节慢性乙肝患者树突状细胞免疫功能的研究

目的研究表面抗原（HBsAg）对慢性乙型肝炎（CHB）患者外周血树突状细胞（DC）免疫功能的调节作用。方法采用体外细胞培养的方法培养30例CHB患者外周血DC,分为HBsAg组和无HBsAg组,培养7d后用流式细胞术检测各组DC的CD83及CD86的表达,MTT法检测DC对混合淋巴细胞的刺激作用,ELISA方法检测培养上清中IL-12及IL-6的含量。结果 HBsAg组CD83、CD86的表达量分别为（19±4）%和（49±9）%,无HBsAg组则分别为（12±4）%和（18±6）%（P均〈0.01）。HBsAg组和无HBsAg组的DC对混合淋巴细胞的刺激指数分别为（20±10）%和（7±4）%（P〈0.01）。HBsAg组的DC培养上清中IL-12、IL-6的含量分别为（111±68）ng/ml和（646±426）ng/ml,无HBsAg组分别为（38±12）ng/ml和（1843±235）ng/ml,差异均有统计学意义（P均〈0.01）。结论 HBsAg可增强CHB患者外周血DC提呈抗原、激活T淋巴细胞的功能,对DC分泌细胞因子的功能有调节作用。     

基因修饰树突状细胞诱导前列腺癌患者外周血T细胞亚群重排的研究

目的探讨以腺相关病毒(AAV)为载体,前列腺特异性抗原(PSA)基因转染树突状细胞(DC)诱导前列腺癌患者外周血T细胞亚群变化特点及临床意义。方法抽取30例前列腺癌患者外周血,采用密度梯度离心法分离外周血单个核细胞,以rAAV/PSA感染DC前体细胞,采用系列细胞因子诱导DC前体细胞成熟。第6天收集成熟DC并与T细胞按比例混合培养,诱导细胞毒性T淋巴细胞(CTL)。分别于DC与T细胞混合培养前后应用流式细胞术分析外周血T细胞亚群及调节性T细胞(CD4+CD25+FoxP3+Treg)的表达水平。结果 PSA基因转染DC刺激T淋巴细胞爆发增殖,与培养前比较,混合培养6d后CD8+、CD8+CD69+、CD8+CD28+T细胞的比例和CD8+/CD4+比值均明显增高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);而CD8+CD28-T细胞和Treg细胞的比例均显著降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。CD4+T细胞比例较前略有升高,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 PSA基因转染DC能够有效地激活CD8+抗原特异性CTL,下调免疫抑制性T细胞,提高患者的细胞免疫功能,为前列腺癌的免疫治疗提供新的有效策略。     

RNA干扰阻断受者树突状细胞表面CD80/CD86通过诱导T细胞凋亡调控T细胞低反应

Background Despite extensive research, the mechanisms of immature dendritic cells (DCs) induced immune hyporesponsiveness remain incomplete. Methods Recipient DCs from C3H mouse bone marrow cells were incubated with donor antigen from splenic lymphocyte of C57BL/6 mouse, these DCs were transfected with CD80/86 specific siRNA using lentiviral vectors. Flow cytometry was used to evaluate expression of CD80/86 on the antigen-pulsed recipient DCs. Immune regulatory activity was examined by mixed lymphocyte reaction, in which irradiated DCs were cultured with C3H spleen T cells. After the reaction, IL-2, IL-4, IL-10 and INF-γ levels of mixed lymphocyte reaction culture supernatant were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The apoptotic T lymphocytes were identified by Annexin V and CD3 staining. Results There was a significant inhibition of CD80/86 expression in DCs transfected with CD80/86 lentiviral vectors compared with the control groups (P <0.05), indicating the specificity of RNA interference. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay results showed a significant reduction of INF-γ, IL-2 and IL-10 in the CD80/86 lentivirus transfected group compared to the control groups (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in IL-4 levels between the groups (P >0.05). We also showed that CD80/86 low DCs loaded with alloantigen 1) stimulated low T cell proliferative responses via the indirect recognition pathway and 2) enhanced apoptotic activity (P <0.05) in co-cultured T cells. Conclusions Lentiviral vector transfection can effectively and specifically knock down target genes in DCs. The CD80/86 low DCs may show tolerogenic activity via induction of T-cell apoptosis, thereby modulating activity of recipient-derived DCs. The use of this approach may potentially be clinically applicable.     

T-cell sensitisation to hepatitis B virus surface antigens

The present study was conducted to explore the immunity to hepatitis B surface antigens (HBsAg) of ad and ay subtypes at the cellular level among adult individuals. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) obtained from acute hepatitis B virus (HBV) infected patients, chronic HBV infected patients, recovered subjects from HBV infection and uninfected vaccinated controls were stimulated with HBsAg ad and HBsAg ay subtypes in vitro. Stimulated PBMCs were incubated in CO(2) for production of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), which was measured from the supernatant of cultured PBMCs by an in-house ELISA technique. The mean +/- SE of IFN-gamma levels produced by PBMCs in response to HBsAg ad among the acute, chronic, recovered and control groups were 282.5+/-134.51 pg/ml, 307.45+/-94.84 pg/ml, 915.62+/-170.80 pg/ml and 511.67+/-161.22 pg/ml respectively, while on stimulation by HBsAg ay, the levels were 246.25+/-103.50 pg/ml, 374.70+/-104.02 pg/ml, 1040 +/-140.76 pg/ml and 465.83+/-166.26 pg/ml respectively among the above mentioned groups. The results of this study showed that PBMCs were non-responsive to stimulation by both HBsAg ad and HBsAg ay subtypes in acute and chronic patients with HBV infection. The recovered group responded significantly to both subtypes of HBsAg and the control group did not. The study indicates that although the patients with acute and chronic HBV infection showed weak or no IFN-gamma response to the HBsAg, subjects showed strong IFN-gamma response to the surface antigens on recovery from HBV infection.     

双歧杆菌对单核细胞来源的树突状细胞成熟及功能影响的体外研究

目的 研究双歧杆菌对正常成年人外周血单核细胞来源的树突状细胞(dendritic cell, DC)刺激淋巴细胞增殖功能及分泌细胞因子的影响.方法 以GM-CSF、IL-4联合诱导单核细胞生成未成熟DC,加入不同剂量热灭活的双歧杆菌,观察DC形态,检测混合淋巴细胞反应,ELISA法测IL-12、IFN-γ分泌.结果 经双歧杆菌死菌刺激后,可获得具有典型树突状突起形态的DC;诱导后的DC刺激同种异体T淋巴细胞增殖的能力增强(P＜0.01),分泌IL-12、IFN-γ的水平提高(P＜0.05),呈剂量依赖型.结论 双歧杆菌能影响单核细胞来源的DC的分化、成熟及功能的发挥,且不同剂量的双歧杆菌对DC的成熟程度影响有差异.     

携带不同 HBV抗原基因片段的重组腺相关病毒转染树突状细胞诱导CTL的效应研究

目的：了解携带不同HBV抗原基因片段的重组腺相关病毒（rAAV‐HBV‐S、C、E、X）转染慢性乙型肝炎患者来源的树突状细胞（DC）诱导细胞毒性T淋巴细胞（CTL）的效应。方法采用携带不同HBV抗原基因片段的rAAV‐HBV‐S、C、E、X转染慢性乙型肝炎患者外周血中分离出的单核细胞,并在GM‐CSF、IL‐4和TNF‐α作用下继续培养7 d获得成熟的DC。通过观察DC的状态和流式细胞仪（FACS）检测各段 HBV转染后DC分化抗原（CD）的表达,评价其成熟与功能。将同一个体的DC与T细胞混合培养制备CTL ,通过四甲基偶氮唑盐（MTS）细胞杀伤实验研究被激活的CTL对HBV感染的靶细胞HepG2．2．15特异性的细胞毒作用。结果不同 HBV 抗原基因 rAAV‐HBV‐S、C、E、X 转染DC后 CD14、CD80、CD83、CD86的表型表达中, CD80、CD83差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）;rAAV／HBV‐X转染的DC其CD80表达最高,rAAV／HBV‐S转染的DC其CD83表达最高。转染不同 HBV 抗原基因片段 rAAV（S、C、E、X）的 DC 诱导的 CTL 对 MHC‐Ⅰ类抗原阳性且有 HBV 的靶细胞（HepG2．2．15）的特异性杀伤效率显著高于对无 HBV的靶细胞（HepG2）的非特异性杀伤效应（P＜0．01）,但不同rAAV‐HBV组间差异无统计学意义（P＞0．05）。结论 rAAV‐HBV‐S、C、E、X转染DC均可诱导CTL引起M HC‐Ⅰ依赖的特异性细胞毒效应。     

携带CML28基因的2型重组腺相关病毒的构建及体外转染树突状细胞

 目的 构建携带肿瘤抗原CML28基因的2型重组腺相关病毒（recombinant adeno-associated virus,rAAV2/CML28）,检测其体外转染人树突状细胞（dendritic cells,DCs）后对DCs的影响和目的基因CML28的表达。方法 将CML28基因克隆到2型重组腺相关病毒载体系统（AAV Helper-Free System）中的真核表达质粒pAAV-IRES-hrGFP,将酶切和DNA测序鉴定后的重组表达质粒pAAV-CML28-hrGFP与AAV Helper-Free System 中的病毒包装辅助质粒pAAV-RC和pHelper以磷酸钙法共转染AAV-293细胞,制备携带CML28基因的重组腺相关病毒rAAV2/CML28。rAAV2/CML28转染体外培养的DCs,RT-PCR法检测CML28的表达,流式细胞术检测DCs的表面分子和rAAV2/CML28转染DCs的效率。结果 流式细胞术证实构建并包装了rAAV2/CML28,该病毒对DCs的转染效率接近30%,病毒转染DCs检测到CML28的表达以及高水平的HLA-DR、CD80、CD83和CD86表达。结论 成功构建了携带CML28基因的重组腺相关病毒rAAV2/CML28,该病毒介导目的基因在DCs内表达,DCs的成熟没有因病毒转染受到不良影响,为应用CML28转基因DCs诱导CML28特异性抗肿瘤免疫研究奠定了基础。     

Prevalence of occult hepatitis B amongst Indian human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infected individuals—a pilot study

Background

The diagnosis of hepatitis B is routinely based on the detection of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) only. However, occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection (OBI), which is defined as infection with positive hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc) antibodies, positive DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) PCR (polymerase chain reaction), and undetectable HBsAg, as well as anti-HBs antibodies in serum or plasma of HBV infected individuals, will remain undetected using this screening diagnostic approach of detecting HBsAg. The current study aims in studying the prevalence of the OBI amongst human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infected individuals who have not been exposed to anti-retroviral therapy.

Method

Estimation of HBsAg, anti-HBs, and anti-HBc total antibody status amongst 100 HIV-1 infected study participants was carried out using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. Detection of HBV-DNA was carried out by in-house qualitative PCR. CD4 + T lymphocyte counts were analysed using Becton Dickinson''s (BD) FACSCount™ system.

Results

The median age of the HIV-1 infected study population was 35 years (range: 22–67), with the gender distribution being 53 males and 47 females. The mean CD4 T lymphocyte count of the study participants was 210/mm³. Overall, serological evidence of HBV infection was observed in 28% of the HIV-1 infected study participants. There was 5% seropositivity for HBsAg, of which 2% were additionally positive for HBV-DNA-PCR. “Anti-HBc alone” status was seen in 18% of study participants, this being statistically higher in those with CD4 T lymphocyte counts < 200/mm³. While there was a single specimen with co-positivity for anti-HBc total antibodies and HBV-DNA, 5% of the in the study population exhibited anti-HBs antibodies positivity, with one sample exhibiting dual positivity for HBsAg and anti-HBs antibodies.

Conclusion

Occult HBV infections may contribute to chronic liver damage, and associ-ated reactivation amongst immunocompromised individuals, HIV-1 in-fected being a subset of them. “Anti-HBc” testing followed by HBV-DNA detection by PCR can be utilised for such populations to detect OBIs. Early detection of hepatitis B viraemia will be important for deciding the antiviral therapeutic protocol so as to avoid evolution of antiviral resistance in the circulating HBV strains in HIV-1 infected individuals harbouring OBIs.Key Words: human immunodeficiency virus, occult hepatitis B     

Prevalence of occult hepatitis B amongst Indian human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infected individuals—a pilot study

Background

The diagnosis of hepatitis B is routinely based on the detection of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) only. However, occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection (OBI), which is defined as infection with positive hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc) antibodies, positive DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) PCR (polymerase chain reaction), and undetectable HBsAg, as well as anti-HBs antibodies in serum or plasma of HBV infected individuals, will remain undetected using this screening diagnostic approach of detecting HBsAg. The current study aims in studying the prevalence of the OBI amongst human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infected individuals who have not been exposed to anti-retroviral therapy.

Method

Estimation of HBsAg, anti-HBs, and anti-HBc total antibody status amongst 100 HIV-1 infected study participants was carried out using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. Detection of HBV-DNA was carried out by in-house qualitative PCR. CD4 + T lymphocyte counts were analysed using Becton Dickinson's (BD) FACSCount™ system.

Results

The median age of the HIV-1 infected study population was 35 years (range: 22–67), with the gender distribution being 53 males and 47 females. The mean CD4 T lymphocyte count of the study participants was 210/mm³. Overall, serological evidence of HBV infection was observed in 28% of the HIV-1 infected study participants. There was 5% seropositivity for HBsAg, of which 2% were additionally positive for HBV-DNA-PCR. “Anti-HBc alone” status was seen in 18% of study participants, this being statistically higher in those with CD4 T lymphocyte counts < 200/mm³. While there was a single specimen with co-positivity for anti-HBc total antibodies and HBV-DNA, 5% of the in the study population exhibited anti-HBs antibodies positivity, with one sample exhibiting dual positivity for HBsAg and anti-HBs antibodies.

Conclusion

Occult HBV infections may contribute to chronic liver damage, and associ-ated reactivation amongst immunocompromised individuals, HIV-1 in-fected being a subset of them. “Anti-HBc” testing followed by HBV-DNA detection by PCR can be utilised for such populations to detect OBIs. Early detection of hepatitis B viraemia will be important for deciding the antiviral therapeutic protocol so as to avoid evolution of antiviral resistance in the circulating HBV strains in HIV-1 infected individuals harbouring OBIs.     

朗格汉斯细胞特异性递呈在巨噬细胞亲和性人类免疫缺陷病毒感染中的作用

目的 观察巨噬细胞亲和性HIV经皮肤感染的细胞学机制,区别巨噬细胞亲和性及T细胞亲和性HIV感染的差异。方法 以基因枪转染AD8及NL43分子克隆至皮肤,流式细胞仪和荧光显微镜观察病毒在表皮细胞中的表达,磁分离术分离CD80^ 和CD80^-的游离细胞,进而以PCR和逆转录酶检测游走细胞中HIV对CD4^ T淋巴细胞的感染和表达。结果 AD8及NL43经基因枪直接转染皮肤后,表皮游走细胞皆显示HIV转染,可扩增到gag基因。只有AD8转染的游走细胞能进一步感染CD4^ T淋巴细胞,CD4^ T淋巴细胞可扩增到gag并表达逆转录酶;含NL43的游走细胞,不能感染CD4^ T淋巴细胞,不能扩增到gag,不能表达逆转录酶。AD8转染的1/2log稀释的CD80^ 细胞能够感染CD4^ T淋巴细胞。即使4次稀释后,仍能感染CD4^ T细胞,PCR扩增到gag并有大量逆转录酶表达,超过对照组的2-3倍。AD8转染的CD80^-细胞仅第1次稀释与CD4^ T细胞共孵可扩增到gag,仍可见逆转录酶表达。进一步稀释后不能扩增到gag。NL43转染的CD80^ 或CD80^-游走细胞与CD4^ T细胞共孵,皆不能扩增到gag,也无逆转录酶表达。结论 直接转染AD8的CD80^ 的游走表皮细胞能特异性地感染CD4^ T细胞。这种特异性不仅依赖于细胞表面HIV受体的亲和性结合,还依赖于转染AD8的CD80^ 细胞的特异性递呈和感染CD4^ T细胞。即使排除了受体因素,CD80^ 细胞也只递呈转染的AD8,而非NL43。所以病毒受体的特异性不是HIV感染的惟一原因。     

Her2/neu基因重组腺相关病毒转染人外周血来源树突状细胞的免疫功能

目的 Her2/neu基因重组腺相关病毒(rAAV-Her2/neu)转染人外周血树突状细胞(DC),并检测其免疫功能。方法 采用Ficoll分离健康人外周血中的单个核细胞。将其分成两组,给其中一组加入病毒。应用含10%人AB血清的RPMI-1640培养基及粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子,白细胞介-4、肿瘤坏死因子-α培养。第7天收获成熟DC。流式细胞仪检测DC表型。³H-TdR检测同种混合淋巴细胞反应。MTT法检测DC诱导T细胞的杀伤活性。结果 加病毒组CD1a、CD86和CD83分别为:98.10%、99.42%、84.59%;无病毒组为:92.69%、98.07%、82.72%,组差别不明显。加病毒组CD40、CD80分别为:61.02%、97.61%;无病毒组为:36.19%、55.5%,加病毒组高于无病毒组。两组均能刺激T淋巴细胞增殖。加病毒组DC可诱导特异性杀伤,最高杀伤率(39.7±7.2)%。结论 rAAV-Her2/neu转染的DC有更强的免疫功能。     

人胎盘源间充质干细胞对脐血单核源树突状细胞体外成熟的调节作用

目的探讨人胎盘源间充质干细胞（PMSCs）对单核源树突状细胞（mono-DCs）体外成熟的影响。方法采用密度梯度离心法分离人脐血单核细胞,在人粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子（hGM-CSF）和人白细胞介素-4（hIL-4）刺激下获得大量未成熟DCs。将DCs和PMSCs共培养4 d,同时加入LPS刺激,分别通过倒置显微镜、流式细胞仪和混合淋巴反应（MLR）检测DCs的成熟。结果共培养DCs呈散在分布,细胞边缘圆滑;与成熟DCs相比,其表面CD80、CD86、CD83、CD40的表达明显较低,而CD14的表达较高;共培养组DCs刺激同种异型淋巴细胞增殖的能力在各个浓度均明显低于对照组（均P〈0.05）。结论 PMSCs可以明显抑制脐血单核源DCs的体外成熟。     

Her2/neu基因重组腺相关病毒转染人外周血来源树突状细胞的免疫功能

OBJECTIVE: To observe the immunostimulatory effect of human peripheral blood dendritic cells (DCs) transfected by Her2/neu gene delivered by adeno-associated virus. METHODS: The mononuclear cells in healthy donors were isolated by Ficol-Hypaque density gradient separation and divided into transfection group and control group without transfection by the recombinant virus. The cells were initially cultured in RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with 10% AB human serum, followed by addition of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interleukin (IL)-4 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha into the medium. The surface markers of DC were detected by flow cytometry, allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reaction assayed by 3H-TdR incorporation and the specific killing activity of T cells evaluated by MTT assay. RESULTS: The expression rates of CD1a, CD86 and CD83 of the transfected DCs were 98.10%, 99.42%, and 84.59%, and those of the non-transfected DCs were 92.69%, 98.07%, and 82.72%, respectively, showing no obvious differences between the two groups. The rates of CD4 and CD80 expression were 61.02% and 97.61%, respectively, in the transfected DCs, significantly higher than those in the non-transfected cells (36.19% and 55.5%). Both groups of DCs stimulated a strong T cell proferation response. The transfected DCs were capable of inducing specific killing of the target tumor cells, with the highest killing rate of (39.7+/-7.2)%. CONCLUSION: The immunostimulatory effect of human peripheral blood DCs can be enhanced by Her2/neu gene transfection mediated by adeno-associated virus.     

三氧化二砷对系统性红斑狼疮患者外周血成熟和分化的影响

目的：观察不同浓度三氧化二砷（ATO）对系统性红斑狼疮（SLE）患者外周血体外培养树突状细胞分化成熟和功能的影响,探讨其作用机制,初步阐明DC是否为ATO治疗SLE的作用靶点。方法：分离SLE患者外周血单个核细胞,用粒细胞巨噬细胞集落刺激因子（granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor,GM-CSF）、白细胞介素-4（interleukin-4,IL-4）细胞因子诱导DC成熟,加入不同浓度ATO培养。培养第9d收集DC细胞,流式细胞仪检测CD80、CD86和HLA-DR的表达。MTT法检测DC刺激淋巴细胞增殖的能力,ELISA法检测混和淋巴细胞反应培养上清IL-10和IFN-γ水平。结果：1.ATO处理后的DC表达CD80、CD86和HLA-DR百分数较对照组明显降低,P均〈0.05,且随ATO浓度的增加DC表达CD80、CD86和HLA-DR百分数降低;2.ATO处理后的DC与T细胞混合培养,其刺激T细胞增殖相应的OD值较对照组明显降低,且随浓度增加降低越明显。3.其混合培养的上清液中IL-10水平较无ATO处理的DC与T细胞的混合培养上清液明显降低,P〈0.05,而IFN-γ水平无统计学差异,P〈0.05结论：ATO在体外可抑制SLE患者外周血DC的成熟,未成熟DC能抑制T细胞增殖及T细胞向Th2细胞转化,从而纠正SLE患者的部分免疫紊乱。     

乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原单链抗体细胞内免疫抗乙型肝炎病毒基因治疗研究

目的 :研究乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原 (HBsAg)人源单链可变区抗体 (ScFv)细胞内免疫抗乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)基因治疗的作用。方法 :用噬菌体表面展示技术筛选特异性的HBsAg人源单链可变区抗体 ,聚合酶链反应(PCR)法扩增HBsAg单链抗体基因 ,并构建表达HBsAgScFv基因的重组逆转录病毒载体pLXSN HBsAgScFv,转染PA317细胞 ,将转染细胞分泌的假病毒颗粒感染 2 2 15细胞 ,酶联免疫吸附法 (ELISA)检测其上清HBsAg和HBeAg ,定量检测HBVDNA。结果 :成功筛选出HBsAgScFv ,PCR扩增出 75 0bp的全基因 ,构建HBsAgScFv基因的逆转录病毒载体 ,转染PA317细胞 ,在上清中检测出含HBsAgScFv假病毒颗粒的存在 ,上清感染 2 2 15细胞后第 3、5、7、14天 ,HBsAg、HBeAg逐渐下降 ,到第 14天时HBsAg已变为阴性 ,DNA定量检测无明显变化。结论 :HBsAgScFv能成功地在逆转录病毒载体中表达 ,并有抑制HBsAg、HBeAg表达的作用