随诊间收缩压变异性与脑卒中复发的关系

目的研究随诊间收缩压变异性与脑卒中复发的关系。方法回顾性分析西洛他唑预防脑卒中复发试验中698例患者的每次随诊血压,计算有关随诊间收缩压变异性的指标,包括收缩压的标准差、变异系数、独立于均值的变异,预测脑卒中复发的风险比。结果随诊间收缩压变异性和平均收缩压均能够预测脑卒中复发(P<0.01),但随诊间收缩压变异性相比平均收缩压是更强的判断脑卒中复发的预测因素。在调整平均收缩压、性别、年龄和基线血管危险因素后,随诊间收缩压变异性对脑卒中复发的预测不依赖于平均收缩压存在(P<0.01)。结论随诊间收缩压变异性较平均收缩压是更强判断脑卒中复发的预测因素,并且这种预测作用独立于平均收缩压而存在。     

急性心力衰竭患者多次入院血压变异性对全因死亡的预测价值

目的探索心力衰竭(心衰)患者多次入院血压变异性对死亡风险的预测价值。方法回顾性纳入2013年9月至2017年12月在中山大学附属第一医院心内科住院的发生急性失代偿性心衰的患者, 使用Cox回归模型评估多次入院血压变异性指标对死亡风险的预测作用, 包括平均血压、血压标准差及血压变异系数。结果共纳入1 006例心衰患者, 平均年龄(69.3±13.5)岁, 其中411例(40.8%)为女性, 670例(66.6%)为射血分数保留的心衰患者。随访1.54年(中位数)后, 全因死亡发生率为47.0%。在所有心衰患者中, 校正混杂因素后, 多次住院的入院收缩压标准差及变异系数每增加1个标准差, 全因死亡风险可分别增加10%和11%(收缩压标准差:HR:1.10, 95%CI:1.01～1.21, P=0.029;收缩压变异系数:HR:1.11, 95%CI:1.02～1.21, P=0.017);多次住院的入院舒张压平均值每增加1个标准差, 全因死亡风险降低25%(HR:0.75, 95%CI:0.65～0.87, P<0.001)。在射血分数保留的心衰患者中, 不论是否校正混杂因素, 更...     

老年人血压变异与衰弱的相关性研究

目的探讨老年人群血压变异与衰弱的相关性。方法选择2018年1～10月青岛大学附属医院老年医学科住院的老年患者93例,依据Fried衰弱量表分为衰弱组31例,衰弱前期组31例,无衰弱组31例。各组进行24h动态血压监测,并分析24h、昼间、夜间收缩压和舒张压变异性,判断血压变异性与老年衰弱的关系。结果衰弱组年龄≥80岁、服药种数≥5种及共病数量≥2种比例明显高于无衰弱组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。衰弱前期组和无衰弱组24h收缩压、昼间收缩压较衰弱组明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。3组24h舒张压、昼间舒张压、夜间收缩压和夜间舒张压比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。相关性分析显示,24h收缩压标准差、昼间收缩压标准差、夜间收缩压标准差与衰弱呈正相关(r=0.686,P=0.000;r=0.633,P=0.000;r=0.580,P=0.000),24h脉压差、昼间脉压差、夜间脉压差与衰弱呈正相关(r=0.479,P=0.001;r=0.447,P=0.002;r=0.399,P=0.007)。24h舒张压负荷值、昼间舒张压负荷值及夜间舒张压负荷值与衰弱呈负相关(r=-0.593,P=0.000;r=-0.637,P=0.000;r=-0.467,P=0.001)。结论老年人血压变异与衰弱具有相关性。     

出血性脑卒中与缺血性脑卒中患者血压变异性特点分析

目的分析出血性脑卒中与缺血性脑卒中患者血压变异性特点。方法选取2015年1月—2017年9月湖北文理学院附属襄阳市中心医院神经内科收治的脑卒中患者211例,其中出血性脑卒中患者84例(A组)和缺血性脑卒中患者127例(B组);另选取同期体检健康者80例作为对照组。比较3组受试者一般资料、实验室检查指标、动态血压指标及血压变异性指标。结果 3组受试者年龄、性别、吸烟史比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);A组和B组患者高血压发生率、体质指数、空腹血糖及总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白水平高于对照组,高密度脂蛋白水平低于对照组(P0.05);B组患者三酰甘油水平高于对照组,高密度脂蛋白水平低于A组(P0.05)。3组受试者24 h舒张压和白天舒张压比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);A组和B组患者24 h收缩压、白天收缩压、夜间收缩压高于对照组,B组患者夜间舒张压高于对照组(P0.05)。3组受试者24 h舒张压标准差、白天收缩压标准差、白天舒张压标准差、夜间舒张压标准差及舒张压变异系数比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);A组和B组患者24 h收缩压标准差、夜间收缩压标准差、收缩压变异系数及血压晨峰高于对照组,B组患者收缩压变异系数和血压晨峰低于A组(P0.05)。结论脑卒中患者存在血压变异性异常,与缺血性脑卒中患者相比,出血性脑卒中患者收缩压变异系数和血压晨峰更高。     

高血压患者尿微量白蛋白/肌酐比值与动态血压水平及血压变异性的关系

目的探讨高血压患者尿微量白蛋白/肌酐比值(UACR)与动态血压水平和血压变异性(BPV)的关系。方法入选2014年6月~2015年6月于河南中医学院第一附属医院心血管内科就诊的原发性高血压患者90例,其中男性57例,女性33例,平均年龄(41.2±6.3)岁。根据测定的UACR分为两组,对照组(UACR30 mg/g,n=52)和微量白蛋白尿组(30 mg/g≤UACR300 mg/g,n=38)。比较两组患者24 h平均收缩压及其标准差、24 h平均舒张压及其标准差、昼间平均收缩压及其标准差、昼间平均舒张压及其标准差、夜间平均收缩压及其标准差、夜间平均舒张压及标准差,以血压标准差及变异系数作为血压变异性指标。分析高血压患者UACR与BPV之间的相关性。结果与对照组比较,微量白蛋白尿组高血压病程延长,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。与对照组比较,微量白蛋白尿组24 h平均收缩压和舒张压、日间平均收缩压和舒张压、夜间平均舒张压均升高,差异有统计学意义(P均0.05)。微量白蛋白尿组较对照组24 h收缩压标准差及其变异系数、日间收缩压标准差及其变异系数均升高,差异有统计学意义(P均0.05)。结果显示,24 h平均舒张压(β=0.202,P=0.007)、24 h收缩压标准差(β=0.986,P=0.001)与UACR呈正相关。24 h舒张压标准差与UACR水平无显著的相关性。结论原发性高血压患者24 h平均舒张压和24 h收缩压标准差与UACR水平升高显著相关。     

高血压患者长时血压变异性对其认知功能的影响

目的探讨高血压患者长时血压变异性对认知功能障碍的影响。方法选取明确诊断为高血压的患者105例,每月定期随诊,专人检测血压1次,随诊12个月后资料收集完整者共97例。根据简易智能检查量表(MMSE)评分,分为认知功能障碍组和正常组;随访1年,同一患者MMSE评分相差≥4分,则为认知功能减退,分为认知功能减退组和无变化组。对各组间的长时血压变异性指标、MMSE评分与长时血压变异性的相关性进行统计学分析。采用SPSS 18.0软件包对数据进行统计学分析。结果认知功能障碍组长时平均收缩压、平均舒张压、收缩压标准差、收缩压变异性均高于认知功能正常组(P0.05);MMSE评分与长时平均收缩压、收缩压标准差、收缩压变异性、舒张压变异性负相关(P0.05);认知功能减退组长时平均收缩压、平均舒张压、收缩压标准差、舒张压标准差、收缩压变异性、舒张压变异性均高于认知功能无变化组(P0.05)。结论在高血压患者中,较长时间内血压变异性增大更易导致认知功能障碍的发生。     

原发性高血压患者血压变异性与左心室舒张功能、二尖瓣口舒张早期血流峰值的相关性

目的研究原发性高血压患者血压变异性与左心室舒张功能的关系。方法选取原发性高血压患者254例,左心室舒张功能测定基于二尖瓣环舒张早期峰值(Ea)及二尖瓣口舒张早期血流峰值(E)检测。根据E/Ea15和E/Ea≥15分为舒张功能不全组86例和舒张功能正常组168例,两组均进行24 h血压检测,血压变异性采用标准差和变异系数计量。多因素Logistic回归分析高血压患者血压变异性与左心室舒张功能的关系。结果舒张功能正常组白天平均收缩压、夜间平均收缩压和舒张压、24 h平均舒张压均显著低于舒张功能不全组(均P0.05);24 h平均收缩压变异系数(OR:1.127,95%CI:1.036～1.225,P0.01)和24 h平均收缩压标准差(OR:1.126,95%CI:1.054～1.203,P0.01)与左心室舒张功能相关,但24 h平均舒张压标准差(OR:1.015,95%CI:0.951～1.084,P0.05)和24 h平均舒张压变异系数(OR:1.027,95%CI:0.972～1.085,P0.05)与左心室舒张功能不相关。结论原发性高血压患者血压变异性与左心室舒张功能不完全相关。     

老年高血压患者内在能力下降与血压变异性的相关性研究

目的 探究老年高血压患者内在能力下降与血压变异性的关系。方法 选择2021年1～11月深圳市人民医院老年医学科就诊的老年高血压患者206例,根据内在能力评估分为内在能力正常组74例和内在能力下降组132例。行24 h动态血压监测,以各时间段(24 h、昼间、夜间)收缩压、舒张压标准差和变异系数代表血压变异性,比较2组血压变异性。分析内在能力下降与血压变异性的关系。结果 内在能力下降组年龄、共病数量≥2种、用药种类≥5种、24 h收缩压标准差、昼间收缩压标准差、夜间收缩压标准差、24 h收缩压变异系数、昼间收缩压变异系数、夜间收缩压变异系数明显高于内在能力正常组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。二分类logistic回归分析显示,老年高血压患者内在能力下降与共病数量≥2种(OR=3.615,95%CI:1.447～9.029,P=0.006)、24 h收缩压标准差(OR=1.341,95%CI:1.013～1.775,P=0.039)、24 h收缩压变异系数(OR=1.397,95%CI:1.023～1.908,P=0.036)显著相关。结论 老年高血压患者内...     

高血压患者动态动脉僵硬指数与血压变异性的关系

目的探讨高血压患者动态动脉僵硬指数(AASI)与血压变异性(BPV)的关系。方法入选2009-03-2011-10中国医科大学附属第一医院就诊的高血压患者119例,所有患者均行24h动态血压监测。AASI定义为1减去24h舒张压和收缩压的回归系数。依据AASI水平,分为4组:AASI<0.30、0.30～<0.41、0.41～<0.52、≥0.52。结果相关性分析显示,AASI分别与年龄(r=0.301,P<0.01)、24h收缩压(r=0.276,P=0.001)、白昼收缩压(r=0.225,P=0.008)、夜间收缩压(r=0.366,P<0.01)、24h脉压(r=0.510,P<0.01)、24h收缩压标准差(r=0.297,P=0.001)呈正相关,而与24h舒张压标准差(r=-0.256,P=0.002)、24h平均心率标准差(r=-0.205,P=0.017)及24h平均动脉压标准差(r=-0.202,P=0.017)呈负相关。多元线性逐步回归分析显示,AASI与24h脉压和24h收缩压标准差呈正相关(β=0.321,β=0.725,均P<0.01),与24h舒张压标准差和24h平均动脉压标准差呈负相关(β=-0.428,β=-0.346,均P<0.01)。结论 AASI与BPV密切相关。     

原发性高血压患者血压变异性与糖尿病的相关性

目的探讨合并2型糖尿病(T2DM)的高血压患者与单纯原发性高血压患者动态血压水平及血压变异性的相关性。方法以800例合并T2DM的原发性高血压患者及800例单纯原发性高血压患者为研究对象,监测研究对象日间、夜间及24 h收缩压及舒张压变异性,并进行对比分析,研究原发性高血压患者血压变异性与糖尿病的相关性。结果高血压合并T2DM组24 h平均收缩压、夜间平均收缩压均明显高于高血压组(均P0.05),高血压合并T2DM组收缩压昼夜差值、舒张压昼夜差值均明显低于高血压组(均P0.05);高血压合并T2DM组24 h收缩压标准差、日间收缩压标准差、日间收缩压变异系数、夜间收缩压标准差、夜间收缩压变异系数、夜间舒张标准差、血压晨峰均明显高于高血压组(均P0.05);经相关分析发现,患者血糖水平与24 h收缩压标准差、24 h收缩压变异系数、日间收缩压标准差、日间收缩压变异系数、日间舒张标准差、日间舒张压变异系数、夜间舒张标准差、血压晨峰呈正相关(均P0.05)。结论原发性高血压合并T2DM患者血压变异性较单纯原发性高血压患者增大,提示糖尿病合并原发性高血压时对患者昼夜血压调节损害较大并可能与血糖水平有关。     

Relationship between outcome and baseline blood pressure and other haemodynamic measures in acute ischaemic stroke: data from the TAIST trial

BACKGROUND: A poor outcome after stroke is associated independently with high blood pressure during the acute phase; however, relationships with other haemodynamic measures [heart rate (HR), pulse pressure (PP), rate-pressure product (RPP)] remain less clear. METHODS: The Tinzaparin in Acute Ischaemic Stroke Trial is a randomised, controlled trial assessing the safety and efficacy of tinzaparin versus aspirin in 1484 patients with acute ischaemic stroke. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and HR measurements taken immediately prior to randomization were averaged, and the mid-blood pressure (MBP), PP, mean arterial pressure (MAP), pulse pressure index, and RPP were calculated. The relationship between these haemodynamic measures and functional outcome (death or dependency, modified Rankin Scale > 2) and early recurrent stroke, were studied with adjustment for baseline prognostic factors and treatment group. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) refer to a change in haemodynamic measure by 10 points. RESULTS: A poor functional outcome was associated with SBP (adjusted OR; 1.11; 95% CI, 1.03-1.21), HR (adjusted OR; 1.15; 95% CI, 1.00-1.31), MBP (adjusted OR; 1.15, 95% CI, 1.03-1.29), PP (adjusted OR; 1.14; 95% CI, 1.02-1.26), MAP (adjusted OR; 1.15; 95% CI, 1.02-1.31) and RPP (adjusted OR; 1.01; 95% CI, 1.00-1.02). Early recurrent stroke was associated with SBP, DBP, MBP and MAP. CONCLUSIONS: A poor outcome is independently associated with elevations in blood pressure, HR and their derived haemodynamic variables, including PP and the RPP. Agents that modify these measures may improve functional outcome after stroke.     

Prognostic significance of 24-h ambulatory blood pressure characteristics for cardiovascular morbidity in a population of elderly men

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the prognostic significance of 24-h ambulatory systolic (SBP), diastolic (DBP) and pulse pressure (PP), and blood pressure (BP) variability for cardiovascular morbidity in elderly men. DESIGN AND METHODS: Twenty-four hour ABP monitoring was performed in 70-year-old men (n = 872) participating in a longitudinal population-based study. The population was followed for up to 9.5 years, and the relationship between different blood pressure components and cardiovascular (CV) morbidity was assessed by Cox proportional hazard analysis. RESULTS: During follow-up, 172 CV events occurred (2.97 per 100 person-years). SBP and PP, both office and ambulatory, were significant predictors of CV morbidity. Twenty-four hour ambulatory PP [hazard ratio (HR) for 1 SD increase in BP 1.32, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.15-1.52] and daytime ambulatory PP (HR 1.29, 95% CI 1.13-1.48) predicted CV morbidity independently of office PP and other established CV risk factors. Addition of night-time PP to a regression model with daytime PP and covariates did not increase the predictive value. However, the variability of daytime SBP (adjusted HR 1.24, 95% CI 1.07-1.42) provided additional prognostic power, independently of the 24-h SBP level. CONCLUSIONS: Ambulatory PP was a powerful predictor of CV morbidity in elderly men, independently of office PP and other established cardiovascular risk factors. Moreover, variability of daytime SBP added important prognostic information, suggesting that 24-h ambulatory BP monitoring may contribute to an improved risk assessment in elderly subjects.     

Comparison of four blood pressure indexes for the prediction of 10-year stroke risk in middle-aged and older Asians

Information has been sparse on the comparison of 4 blood pressure (BP) indexes (systolic BP [SBP], diastolic BP [DBP], pulse pressure [PP], and mean BP [MBP]) in relation to long-term stroke incidence, especially in middle-aged and older Asian people. A prospective cohort study was performed in 4989 Japanese (1523 men and 3466 women) aged 35 to 79 at baseline with 10 years of follow-up. End points included stroke incidence (total, ischemic, and hemorrhagic). Multivariate-adjusted hazard ratios with a 1-SD higher value for each BP index were determined by Cox proportional hazard analyses; Wald chi2 tests were used to compare the strength of relationships. Analyses were also done for each of 4 age-gender groups consisting of men and women aged 35 to 64 and 65 to 79 years. During follow-up, 132 participants developed stroke. Adjusted hazard ratios for all strokes were 1.68 for SBP, 1.72 for DBP, and 1.80 for MBP, which were higher than that for PP (1.34). SBP and DBP were related positively to stroke risk after adjustment of each other. PP was not the strongest predictor in any age-gender groups among 4 BP indexes. In men aged 65 to 79 years, SBP showed the strongest relationship to all stoke risk (hazard ratio 1.62) among 4 BP indexes. In women aged 65 to 79 years, hazard ratios for all strokes were 2.48 for MBP, 2.46 for DBP, 2.25 for SBP, and 1.57 for PP. The long-term incident stroke risk of high BP in Asians should be assessed by SBP and DBP together, or by MBP, not by PP.     

Blood pressure indices and cardiovascular disease in the Asia Pacific region: a pooled analysis

This article aims to compare the importance of systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and pulse pressure (PP) as risk factors for stroke and ischemic heart disease and to assess whether the patterns are consistent by age and gender. Cox proportional-hazards regression, adjusted for cholesterol and smoking, was used to assess the associations of the 4 BP indices with stroke and ischemic heart disease by age and gender. The relative importance of individual indices was assessed with a hazard ratios for a 1-SD change in BP and by likelihood-ratio chi2 tests. The influence of >1 BP index in the Cox model was also estimated. The analyses demonstrated similar associations of SBP, DBP, and MAP with both fatal stroke and ischemic heart diseases, which were stronger than those of PP. Both SBP and MAP tended to be more important in the regression model than DBP or PP. In Cox models including DBP, addition of SBP improved the goodness of fit at all ages and for both genders. However, in Cox models including SBP, addition of DBP typically resulted in little incremental benefit over and above that of SBP alone. These data suggest that if time or resources are highly constrained, such as in much-needed epidemiologic surveys in developing countries, very little is lost from only measuring SBP.     

Predicting stroke using 4 ambulatory blood pressure monitoring-derived blood pressure indices: the Ohasama Study

We investigated the association between stroke and blood pressure (BP) indices (systolic BP [SBP], diastolic BP [DBP], mean BP [MBP], and pulse pressure [PP]) determined by ambulatory BP monitoring. The predictive power for stroke of these indices was compared in the general Japanese population. We obtained ambulatory BP data in 1271 subjects (40% men) aged > or = 40 (mean: 61) years. During a mean follow-up of 11 years, 113 strokes were observed. The multivariate adjusted relative hazard and likelihood ratio for a 1-SD increase for each BP index was determined by Cox proportional hazard regression. Comparison of the likelihood ratio between Cox models including 2 indices and those including 1 index indicated that PP was significantly less informative than other indices (P<0.01 when adding MBP, SBP, or DBP to the PP model; P>0.09 when adding PP to the model including another index). However, after removing age from covariates, PP became more informative than DBP and MBP (P<0.0001 when adding PP to the MBP or DBP model, whereas SBP was more informative than PP even after removing age; P<0.05 when adding SBP to the PP model). In conclusion, PP was the weakest predictor of stroke. Exclusion of age from covariates increased the predictive power of PP, suggesting that the stroke risk associated with PP reflected the risk of aging per se.     

Association between blood pressure and C-reactive protein levels in acute ischemic stroke

Among patients with acute stroke, high blood pressure (BP) and higher levels of circulating C-reactive protein (CRP) at the entry are often associated with poor outcome, although the reason is unclear. If the link between BP and stroke outcome is indeed mediated by inflammatory response, one would expect to see positive associations between BP and CRP. In a prospective observational stroke data bank involving 535 first-ever ischemic stroke patients, we studied the association between BP and baseline concentrations of CRP within 24 hours after stroke onset. The association between BP components and the odds of having an elevated CRP level (> or =1.5 mg/dL) was assessed by logistic regression analysis. An increase in systolic BP (SBP), diastolic BP (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), or pulse pressure (PP) was significantly associated with an increase in the odds of having an elevated CRP level, independent of other associated study factors. For each 10 mm Hg increase in SBP, DBP, MAP, or PP, the odds of having a high CRP level increased by 72% (P<0.0001), 10% (P<0.0001), 21% (P<0.0001), and 10% (P<0.0001), respectively. When the same model was rerun, adjusting for all considered BP components, only SBP significantly increased the odds of an elevated CRP level by 77% (P<0.0001). Increased SBP was significantly associated with elevated levels of circulating CRP in ischemic stroke patients. These findings support a possible role of acute hypertension after stroke as an inflammatory stimulus contributing to ischemic brain inflammation.     

Age-varying association between blood pressure and risk of dementia in those aged 65 and older: a community-based prospective cohort study

OBJECTIVES: To assess variation in the association between blood pressure (BP) and risk for dementia across a spectrum of older ages and to examine BP changes before dementia onset. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SETTING: A large health maintenance organization in Seattle, Washington. PARTICIPANTS: A cohort of 2,356 members of a large health maintenance organization aged 65 and older who were initially without dementia. MEASUREMENTS: Dementia diagnosis was assessed biennially, and systolic (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) were measured at baseline and at four follow-up assessments. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD) associated with baseline BP in different age groups. RESULTS: Within the youngest age group (65-74 at enrollment) a greater risk for dementia was found in participants with high SBP (> or = 160 mmHg) (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.60, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.01-2.55) or borderline-high DBP (80-89 mmHg) (HR = 1.59, 95% CI = 1.07-2.35) than for those with normal BP (SBP < 140 mmHg and DBP < 80 mmHg). The dementia risk associated with SBP declined with increasing age (SBP-by-age interaction, P=.01). SBP declined similarly with aging in subjects who developed dementia and those who did not. Thus, in this sample, the association between SBP and dementia risk was not dependent on when BP was measured in relation to onset of dementia. CONCLUSION: High SBP was associated with greater risk of dementia in the young elderly (< 75) but not in older subjects. Adequate control of hypertension in early old age may reduce the risk for dementia.     

Effects of blood pressure levels on case fatality after acute stroke

OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the relationship between admission blood pressure (BP) and early prognosis in patients with acute stroke in a single cohort. DESIGN: The subjects comprised 1004 cases of brain infarction and 1097 cases of brain hemorrhage, who were admitted to hospitals on the day of stroke onset. Death within 30 days after onset was evaluated in relation to admission BP levels. RESULTS: In brain infarction, a U-shaped relationship was found between BP levels and mortality rate, with a nadir at systolic blood pressure (SBP) of 150-169 mmHg and at diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of 100-110 mmHg. After adjustments for age and sex, the highest relative risks (RR) was observed in the lowest BP levels compared with nadir groups, and were 2.69 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.43-5.07] in SBP and 3.49 (95% CI, 1.58-7.74) in DBP. In subjects with previous hypertension, the relationship between prognosis and SBP level shifted significantly toward higher pressure by about 10 mmHg compared with those without previous hypertension. In subjects with brain hemorrhage, the relationship between BP levels and mortality rate showed a J-shape in SBP and a U-shape in DBP. Highest BP levels had the poorest prognoses (>/= 230 mmHg in SBP, RR = 4.13, 95% CI = 2.45-6.94; >/= 120 mmHg in DBP, RR = 1.83, 95% CI = 1.11-3.04). CONCLUSION: Lower and higher BP after brain infarction and higher BP after brain hemorrhage were predictors for poor early prognosis. In subjects with brain infarction, patients with previous hypertension had better outcomes at higher admission BP level than did normotensive patients.     

Comparison of noninvasive oscillometric and intra-arterial blood pressure measurements in hyperacute stroke

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to compare automatic oscillometric blood pressure recordings with simultaneous direct intra-arterial blood pressure measurements in hyperacute stroke patients to test the accuracy of oscillometric readings. METHODS: A total of 51 first-ever stroke patients underwent simultaneous noninvasive automatic oscillometric and intra-arterial blood pressure monitoring within 3 h of ictus. Casual blood pressure was measured in both arms using a standard mercury sphygmomanometer on hospital admission. Patients who received antihypertensive medication during the blood pressure monitoring were excluded. RESULTS: The estimation of systolic blood pressure (SBP) using oscillometric recordings underestimated direct radial artery SBP by 9.7 mmHg (95% confidence interval: 6.5-13.0, P<0.001). In contrast, an upward bias of 5.6 mmHg (95% confidence interval: 3.5-7.7, P<0.001) was documented when noninvasive diastolic blood pressure (DBP) recordings were compared with intra-arterial DBP recordings. For SBP and DBP, the Pearson correlation coefficients between noninvasive and intra-arterial recordings were 0.854 and 0.832, respectively. When the study population was stratified according to SBP bands (group A: SBP160 mmHg and SBP180 mmHg), higher mean DeltaSBP (intra-arterial SBP-oscillometric SBP) levels were documented in group C (+19.8 mmHg, 95% confidence intervals: 12.2-27.4) when compared with groups B (+8.5 mmHg, 95% confidence intervals: 2.7-14.5; P=0.025) and A (+5.9 mmHg, 95% confidence intervals: 1.8-9.9; P=0.002). CONCLUSION: Noninvasive automatic oscillometric BP measurements underestimate direct SBP recordings and overestimate direct DBP readings in acute stroke. The magnitude of the discrepancy between intra-arterial and oscillometric SBP recordings is even more prominent in patients with critically elevated SBP levels.     

老老年人群动态血压参数与动脉僵硬度的相关性

目的探讨老老年人群动态血压参数与动脉僵硬度的相关性。方法筛选年龄≥80岁的老老年人238例,以血压≥160/95 mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)为标准,分为高血压组(134例)和对照组(104例),并进行臂-踝脉搏传导速度(baPWV)和24 h动态血压监测。用Pearson分析动态血压各参数与动脉僵硬度的相关性。结果高血压组baPWV高于对照组(P<0.05)。高血压组偶测收缩压,24 h、昼间和夜间收缩压、舒张压、脉压,收缩压负荷及舒张压负荷均高于对照组.夜间收缩压下降率、舒张压下降率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。baPWV与偶测血压;24 h收缩压、舒张压、脉压;昼间收缩压、舒张压、脉压、心率;夜间收缩压、舒张压、脉压;收缩压负荷、舒张压负荷呈正相关(P<0.05,P<0.01),而与夜间收缩压下降率呈负相关(P<0.01)。结论高血压是老老年人群动脉僵硬度增加的一个重要因素,动脉僵硬度与动态血压、脉压、心率及血压负荷相关。