IL-32在病理性瘢痕中的表达及其生物学作用研究

目的:探讨IL-32在增生性瘢痕和瘢痕疙瘩的形成过程中所起的生物学作用。方法:收集2009年10月至2011年6月广东医学院附属医院整形外科手术切除的瘢痕疙瘩组织12例,增生性瘢痕组织12例,正常皮肤24例,分别应用免疫组织化学技术、RT-PCR和Western Blot检测IL-32在它们中的表达情况。结果:IL-32在正常皮肤增生性瘢痕和瘢痕疙瘩组织中均有表达,在正常皮肤中表达较强,在增生性瘢痕及瘢痕疙瘩组织中表达较弱;IL-32mRNA和IL-32蛋白在增生性瘢痕和瘢痕疙瘩中的表达较正常皮肤明显降低(P均<0.05),而增生性瘢痕组和瘢痕疙瘩组之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:IL-32在病理性瘢痕组织的形成过程中起着一定的重要作用,有进一步研究的价值。     

CTGF在病理性瘢痕中的表达及意义

目的：了解细胞生长因子（connective tis sue growth factor，CTGF）在病理性瘢痕中的表达及意义，探讨它在病理性瘢痕发病机制中所起的作用.方法：对11例增生性瘢痕、10例瘢痕疙瘩及10例正常皮肤组织进行免疫组化（SP法）染色，观察CTGF在正常皮肤、增生性瘢痕、瘢痕疙瘩中的表达，以了解它们在不同组织中表达的差异性.结果：正常皮肤中CTGF的表达为阴性;增生性瘢痕、瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞中CTGF的表达与正常皮肤相比均有显著性差异（P＜0.01）;CTGF在瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞中的表达较增生性瘢痕为高，但两者之间没有统计学差异.结论：CTGF在增生性瘢痕的发病机制中发挥重要作用。     

整合素α5β1在病理性瘢痕中的表达及意义

目的　研究整合素α5β1 在病理性瘢痕中的表达情况 ,探讨其在瘢痕发生、发展中的作用和意义。方法　运用SP免疫组化及SPA 胶体金免疫电镜技术对 15例增生性瘢痕、15例瘢痕疙瘩及 10例正常皮肤进行整合素α5β1 的检测 ,并对结果进行半定量及定量分析。结果　在瘢痕疙瘩和增生性瘢痕的成纤维细胞中整合素α5β1 呈阳性表达 ,较正常皮肤强 (P <0 0 1) ;在瘢痕疙瘩中的表达较增生性瘢痕强 (P <0 0 1)。结论　整合素α5β1 与病理性瘢痕发生、发展关系密切。设法减少整合素α5β1 在成纤维细胞的过度表达或许是抑制瘢痕增生、软化瘢痕的新途径     

肌成纤维细胞在病理性瘢痕形成中的机制

目的 探讨肌成纤维细胞在病理性瘢痕形成机制中的作用。方法 对1998年～2000年门诊或住院的13例增生性瘢痕，14例瘢痕疙瘩及7例成熟瘢痕患者的相应组织，应用光镜、电镜及免疫组织化学染色，进行观察、检测。结果 增生性瘢痕的超微结构中均可见典型的肌成纤维细胞；免疫组织化学染色可见有不同程度表达的肌成纤维细胞。瘢痕疙瘩及成熟瘢痕的超微结构和免疫组织化学结果均未见肌成纤维细胞。结论 肌成纤维细胞的生物学行为可能与增生性瘢痕的形成及瘢痕畸形有关，并可用于增生性瘢痕与瘢痕疙瘩的鉴别。     

趋化因子诱导MIG在病理性瘢痕组织中的表达及意义

目的 研究趋化因子γ干拢互诱导单核因子(MIG)在病理性瘢痕中的表达,探讨其在病理性瘢痕发病机制中的作用.方法 应用免疫组化技术检测趋化因子 MIG 在28例瘢痕疙瘩患者(K组)、34例增生性瘢痕患者(HS组)及20例正常皮肤组织(N组)中的表达,并进行统计学分析.结果 K组、HS组中的MIG均呈高表达,与N组比较其差异均具有统计学意义(P＜0.005).但K组与HS组之间比较其差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 MIG可能通过趋化T淋巴细胞定向迁移,引发一系列免疫炎性反应,从而促进病理性瘢痕的形成.     

VEGF和TSP-1在病理性瘢痕中的表达及其意义

目的 研究血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)和TSP-1(thrombospondin 1)在病理性瘢痕中的表达及其临床意义.方法 应用免疫组化SP法检测正常皮肤、扁平瘢痕、增生性德痕和瘢痕疙瘩组织中VEGF、TSP-1蛋白的表达并进行统计学分析.结果 病理性瘢痕组织中VEGF蛋白表达增高,与正常皮肤、扁平瘢痕对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);病理性瘢痕组织中TSP-1蛋白表达显著低于正常皮肤、扁平瘢痕对照组(P<0.05);四类组织中VEGF蛋白和TSP-1蛋白呈负相关(P<0.05).结论 VEGF和TSP-1的表达与病理性瘢痕形成机制有关,VEGF可能通过诱导血管生成而促进瘢痕增生,TSP-1降低导致病理性瘢痕中血管的增生,并可能抑制VEGF的升高,从而导致病理性瘢痕的形成.     

肥大细胞类胰蛋白酶在病理性瘢痕中的表达研究

目的 研究肥大细胞类胰蛋白酶(mast cell tryptase,MCT)在病理性瘢痕中的表达及分布情况,探讨MCT基因在瘢痕疙瘩、增生性瘢痕及正常皮肤中是否存在差别.方法 采集未经治疗的瘢痕疙瘩、增生性瘢痕及正常皮肤各20例,应用免疫荧光组化对MCT的表达进行定位,应用实时荧光相对定量PCR进行mRNA基因水平的相对定量分析.结果 MCT主要集中在瘢痕组织的胶原纤维柬之间,以瘢痕组织浅层分布较多;实时荧光PCR相对定量结果显示MCT基因在瘢痕疙瘩中表达高于增生性瘢痕和皮肤(P<0.01),瘢痕疙瘩中MCT基因表达量约为增生性瘢痕的2.5倍,皮肤的5.4倍.结论 MCT在瘢痕的形成中可能起一定的作用.     

富含半胱氨酸的酸性分泌糖蛋白在病理性瘢痕中的表达及其意义

目的观察富含半胱氨酸的酸性分泌糖蛋白(Secreted protein,acidic and rich in cysteine,SPARC)在瘢痕疙瘩和增生性瘢痕中的表达规律及其意义。方法瘢痕患者的瘢痕疙瘩和3～12个月增生性瘢痕组织各26例;另取手术剩余的正常成人皮肤组织5例;所有标本用40 g/L甲醛固定,行连续切片,厚4μm,应用链菌素生物素-过氧化物酶标记物免疫组织染色法染色。同时设正常对照(正常皮肤)、阳性对照(胃癌癌变组织)、阴性对照(磷酸盐缓冲液代替一抗)。鼠抗人SPARC单克隆一抗浓度为1:200。结果正常成人皮肤中SPARC表达稀少,局限在真皮-表皮交界的乳头真皮,部分靠近基底膜血管和皮肤附件。SPARC在增生性瘢痕的真皮瘢痕组织、皮肤附件中低表达,且早期增生性瘢痕中表达无明显强于晚期增生性瘢痕(P>0.05)。在真皮中SPARC呈弥散性散在分布(同增生性瘢痕),阳性信号表达较低。增生性瘢痕及瘢痕疙瘩的SPARC较正常皮肤表达无差异(P>0.05)。结论SPARC在3～12个月增生性瘢痕中呈低表达,在瘢痕疙瘩中低表达。     

FasMcab对病理性瘢痕成纤维细胞生物学活力的影响

目的探讨FasMcab对病理性瘢痕成纤维细胞生物学活力的影响.方法以体外培养的病理瘢痕成纤维细胞为研究对象,应用MTT法,3H-TDR核苷掺入法,观察了FasMcab对增生性瘢痕成纤维细胞活力的影响;应用流式细胞仪检测FasMcab作用下,增生性瘢痕和瘢痕疙瘩两类成纤维细胞的凋亡率.结果①低浓度FasMcab对增生性瘢痕成纤维细胞的活力具有促进作用;②FasMcab在4μg/ml的浓度下可迅速诱导增生性瘢痕成纤维细胞的凋亡,但在相同条件下对瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞不具有诱导凋亡的作用.结论瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞对FasMcab诱导的凋亡存在抗性.深入研究抗性产生的原因将有助于揭示病理性瘢痕增生的形成机理.     

Argon and carbon dioxide laser treatment of hypertrophic and keloid scars

Laser physiology has shown that while wound healing is generally excellent after laser impaction, it nevertheless is delayed. It is thought that this factor may be important in the treatment of hypertrophic and keloid scars. These scars have been treated in a variety of ways with the laser, and the results, which have been good, are reported. A possible explanation of the complex mode of action has been given. It is thought that more work should be undertaken in this field.     

Laser in the treatment of hypertrophic burn scars

This prospective study looked at the outcome of laser (light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation) treatment for hypertrophic scarring. Dermatrade mark K laser (a set of combined lasers erbium:yttrium aluminium garnet/carbon dioxide, qualified as a class IV laser) was used. Between 21 June 2000 and 19 November 2002, at the Siemianowice Burn Center, Poland, 592 interventions, using laser, were performed on N= 327 patients (220 women and 107 men, aged between 3 and 80 years). The majority of cases [N= 223 (68.9%)] were patients with post-burn hypertrophic scars, and 104 cases (31.8%) had various types of hypertrophic scars. Evaluation took place using an adapted Vancouver Scar Scale and digital photographs as well as the patient's opinion. It was noted that after laser treatment, satisfactory results were achieved in 72% of cases. The scars had become less red (192/327 scored no redness at the end of the study versus 92/327 upon initial), less raised (272/327 scored a flat scar versus 72/327 upon initial) and demonstrated an improved viscoelasticity (192/327 scored a soft skin versus 62/327 upon initial). Laser treatment did not improve contractures in post-burn hypertrophic scars. Results were not confirmed using objective measurement tools, as these were not available to us.     

表达白细胞介素18的条件增殖腺病毒在肾癌Ketr-3细胞中的生物活性及抗肿瘤作用

目的 观察表达白细胞介素18(IL-18)基因的条件增殖腺病毒在肾癌Ketr-3细胞中的生物活性及其对Ketr-3细胞的杀伤作用.方法 通过荧光显微镜观察表达绿色荧光蛋白的条件增殖腺病毒(ZD55-EGFP)在肾癌Ketr-3细胞中的感染和增殖情况.分别将表达IL-18的条件增殖腺病毒(ZD55-IL-18)及表达IL-18的普通腺病毒(Ad-IL-18)感染人肾癌Ketr-3细胞系,通过Western blot法检测病毒E1A和IL-18蛋白的表达;免疫细胞化学染色检测IL-18抗原表达;TUNEL法检测Ketr-3细胞的凋亡情况;噻唑蓝(MTT)比色法检测Ketr-3细胞存活情况.结果 ZD55-EGFP能有效感染肾癌Ketr-3细胞并在其中大量增殖.Westem blot检测结果 发现ZD55-IL-18能在肿瘤细胞内表达E1 A并有效介导IL-18表达,在病毒感染Ketr-3细胞48 h后,ZD55-IL-18、Ad-IL-18处理组的IL-18蛋白表达量分别为255.6±3.1、118.7±2.90免疫组织化学检测显示ZD55-IL-18、Ad-IL-18处理组的IL-18抗原阳性率分别为(82.4±3.2)%和(23.4±1.9)%.TNUEL检测结果 显示ZD55-IL-18、Ad-IL-18处理组的细胞凋亡率分别为(52.2±3.5)%和(25.5±1.9)%.病毒感染4 d后,MTT检测结果 显示ZD55-IL-18、Ad-IL-18处理组细胞存活率分别为(32.6±2.3)%和(73.3±2.5)%,表明ZD55-IL-18对Ketr-3细胞有显著的杀伤作用.结论 ZD55-IL-18能在Kerr-3细胞中高效特异性表达IL-18基因并显示出良好的抗肿瘤作用.     

The role of altered fatty acid in pathological scars and their dermal fibroblasts

PurposeThe proposed pathological mechanism for scar formation is controversial, and increased attention has been paid to the fatty acids (FAs) in the formation of pathological scars. Notably, FAs are known to be important in inflammation and mechanotransduction, which is closely related to scar formation. Therefore, it is necessary to clarify the roles of FA in scar formation.MethodsHypertrophic scar and keloid formed for more than a year and without other treatment, as well as normal skin samples were obtained from patients who underwent plastic surgery. Finally, keloids (n = 10), hypertrophic scars (n = 10), and normal skin samples (n = 10) were collected under informed consent. Primary dermal fibroblasts were isolated and cultured. The amount and variety of FAs were detected by lipid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Immunohistochemistry, real-time PCR, and western blotting were used to verify the expression of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1 (SREBP1) and fatty acid synthase (FASN) in the samples and their fibroblasts. Student's t-test, ANOVA, and orthogonal partial least square discriminant analysis were performed for statistical analysis (1p < 0.05, 7p < 0.01, 71p < 0.001, 77p < 0.0001).ResultsCompared with full-thickness normal skin, there were 27 differential FAs in keloids and 15 differential FAs in hypertrophic scars (1p < 0.05 and variable influence on projection >1.0). The expression of SREBP1 and FASN was lower in pathological scars both at mRNA and protein levels (all 1p < 0.05). However, the mRNA levels of SREBP1 (71p = 0.0002) and FASN (71p = 0.0021) in keloid-derived fibroblasts were higher than that in normal skin fibroblasts (NFBs), while the expression in hypertrophic scar-derived fibroblasts was lower than that in NFBs (both 1p < 0.05). Whereas there was no significant difference in FASN protein expression between keloid-derived fibroblasts and NFBs (p > 0.05).ConclusionFAs involved in pathological scars are abnormally changed in scar formation. Thus, fatty acid-derived inflammation and de novo synthesis pathway of FA may play a key role in the formation of pathological scars.     

The therapeutic effect of Interleukin-18 on hypertrophic scar through inducing Fas ligand expression

ObjectiveAmong downstream interleukin-18 (IL-18) targets, Fas ligand (FasL) in particular, has been strongly implicated in many conditions. Our study aims to explore the role of IL-18 in hypertrophic scar through enhancing FasL expression.MethodsIL-18 expression in hypertrophic scar tissues and normal tissues were explored by immunohistochemistry, qRT-PCR and Western blotting, and the expression of IL-18 in normal skin fibroblasts and hypertrophic scar fibroblasts by immunofluorescence. Hypertrophic scar fibroblasts treated with recombinant human IL-18 (rhIL-18) were assessed with MTT, Annexin V-FITC/PI, qRT-PCR, ELISA and western blotting. In the hypertrophic scar of rabbit ears, rhIL-18 was injected to determine histological changes with HE and Masson staining. Additionally, the scars were rated based on contour and overall severity using a visual analog scale scores (VAS).ResultsIL-18 was decreased in hypertrophic scar tissues and fibroblasts compared to normal skin tissues and fibroblasts, respectively. Decreased proliferation and increased apoptosis of hypertrophic scar fibroblasts were found after rhIL-18 treatment with enhanced expression of FasL, sFasL FADD, Caspase-8, Caspase-9 and Caspase-3 in a dose-dependent manner. The VAS and thickness of scars in rabbit ears was decreased as time went on after rhIL-18 treatment, with decreases in scar elevation index (SEI) and the increases in FasL expression.ConclusionIL-18 curbs proliferation and promotes apoptosis of hypertrophic scar fibroblasts by enhancing FasL expression. IL-18is a potential target for treatment of hypertrophic scar.     

CD基因联合IL-18基因对小鼠胰腺癌的疗效及其免疫机制

目的：研究自杀基因与IL-18基因联合治疗胰腺癌的作用及其免疫机制。方法：构建小鼠IL-18基因和CD基因逆转录病毒质粒pVITR02-CD-IL-18。小鼠皮下接种小鼠胰腺癌细胞TD2,肿瘤局部注射重组表达的pVTTPO2-CD-Ⅱ,18逆转录病毒,然后连续10d给予5-氟胞嘧啶(5-Fc)300mg／kg进行治疗,分别观察肿瘤的生长情况。结果：联合IL-18基N治疗后,肿瘤体积显著缩小,小鼠存活期明显长于对照组,肿瘤瘤体内CD8^ 细胞浸润增加;肿瘤细胞表达H-2D^b和B7-1分子明显增加。结论：联合应用自杀基因和IL-18基因转移可以直接杀伤肿瘤细胞,它既有效地减少了肿瘤负荷,又充分调动了机体的抗肿瘤免疫,提高疗效。     

去炎松-A和5-氟脲嘧啶联合注射治疗增生性瘢痕及瘢痕疙瘩

目的:探索和评价去炎松-A和5-氟脲嘧啶联合注射治疗增生性瘢痕及瘢痕疙瘩的疗效。方法:58例病人随机分为治疗组和对照组。治疗组为应用去炎松-A和5-氟脲嘧啶增生性瘢痕及瘢痕疙瘩内注射,对照组单独用去炎松-A增生性瘢痕及瘢痕疙瘩内注射。比较两组痊愈率和有效率。结果:所有病例随访12～18个月。治疗组和对照组痊愈率分别为75.86%及48.28%,有效率分别为93.1%及72.41%;痊愈率和有效率差异显著。结论:去炎松-A和5-氟脲嘧啶联合注射治疗增生性瘢痕的疗效显著,安全可靠。