青蒿酯钠诱导人肿瘤细胞凋亡及其分子机制的探讨

目的 研究青蒿酯钠诱导人肝癌细胞凋亡作用及探讨青蒿酯钠诱导人肝癌细胞凋亡的分子机制.方法 肝癌细胞(BEL-7402)经药物处理后,用荧光显微镜,透射电镜和流式细胞仪分析诱导凋亡作用,采用Western blot检测p53,p21和bcl-2.结果 与对照组相比,经青蒿酯钠处理后,肝癌细胞中p53,p21蛋白表达水平无明显变化,而bcl-2蛋白表达水平降低.结论 青蒿酯钠可诱导人肝癌细胞(BEL-7402)凋亡,其凋亡的分子机制是p53非依赖性的,即与p53,p21无关,而与凋亡调节基因bcl-2下调有关.     

紫杉醇对人食管癌Eca109细胞株生长的影响

目的：观察不同浓度的紫杉醇对食管癌细胞Eca109的影响。方法：应用四甲基偶氮唑蓝（MTT）实验,细胞形态学观察及流式细胞仪等方法对人食管癌细胞Eca109进行检测和观察。结果：MTT实验显示紫杉醇可抑制食管癌细胞增殖;光镜及电镜可发现药物作用组细胞核固缩、解聚以及凋亡小体,流式细胞仪检测显示G1峰前有明显的凋亡峰。细胞周期分析提示紫杉醇可将Eca细胞阻滞于G2－M期,且与浓度相关。结论：紫杉醇对人食管癌细胞系Eca109细胞的生长有明显的抑制作用,使细胞分裂阻滞于G2－M期,并诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡。     

乙酰肝素酶反义寡核苷酸诱导胃癌细胞凋亡的实验研究

目的：探讨乙酰肝素酶(HPA)反义寡脱氧核苷酸(AS-ODN)对人胃癌细胞株SGC-7901细胞凋亡的影响及其作用机制。方法：设计合成HPAAS-ODN．用脂质体介导法转染SGC-7901细胞,用逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测转染前后细胞HPA-mRNA及p53、bcl-2基因的表达;用倒置相差显微镜及扫描电镜观察转染前后细胞的形态学变化;用DNA末端原位标记染色法(TUNEL)检测转染前后细胞的凋亡指数;用流式细胞仪检测转染前后细胞凋亡率的变化。结果：HPAAS-ODN转染后,SGC-7901细胞内HPA-mRNA表达下降,p53的表达量升高,bcl-2的表达量降低;细胞凋亡指数和凋亡率升高;出现了典型的凋亡细胞的形态学变化。结论：HPAAS-ODN可有效地抑制胃癌细胞HPA mRNA的表达：并通过下调bcl-2,上调p53的表达,诱导胃癌细胞凋亡。     

醋酸铅对体外培养人肾小球系膜细胞的凋亡作用

目的探讨醋酸铅对人肾小球系膜细胞（HRMC）的凋亡作用。方法醋酸铅处理HRMC后,HE染色法观察细胞形态学变化;细胞免疫组织化学法检测p53、bax、bcl-2的表达;流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡率。结果经10、20μmol/L醋酸铅处理24 h后,HE染色均显示出醋酸铅组细胞成凋亡形态学改变。HRMC的细胞免疫组织化学结果显示醋酸铅组的p53和bax阳性表达升高,而bcl-2的阳性表达下降。流式细胞仪检测结果表明醋酸铅组细胞凋亡率较对照组明显升高。结论醋酸铅可促进HRMC凋亡,进而影响肾脏正常功能。     

白花蛇舌草抑制Hela细胞肿瘤活性的体外实验研究

目的探讨中药白花蛇舌草抑制人宫颈癌Hela细胞肿瘤活性的作用及分子生物学机制。方法MTT法检测白花蛇舌草对宫颈癌Hela细胞生长的影响,采用倒置显微镜观察细胞形态学变化,化学比色法测定Hela细胞活性氧（ROS）产生状态,流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡率,免疫组化染色并用计算机图像分析观察p53基因表达。结果白花蛇舌草可抑制Hela细胞的生长,其效果与药物的浓度和作用的时间相关,倒置显微镜下Hela细胞出现细胞凋亡的形态学改变,流式细胞仪检测到凋亡峰,白花蛇舌草作用后细胞内ROS水平下降,而突变型p53表达降低。结论一定浓度的白花蛇舌草对人宫颈癌Hela细胞具有抑制增殖和诱导凋亡的作用,其机制可能与细胞内ROS水平和p53基因调控有关。     

紫杉醇诱导HL—60细胞凋亡的研究

目的：观察抗微管药紫杉醇对急性白血病细胞株HL－60是否具有凋亡诱导作用,并进一步研究bcl－2基因在此过程中的作用。方法：（1）以紫杉醇处理HL－60细胞,观察细胞生长抑制作用的时间效应和剂量效应,在光镜和电镜下观察细胞形态变化;（2）用流式细胞仪检测药物孵育前后细胞凋亡率（AP）的变化;（3）用RT－PCR法检测药物孵育前后bcl-2基因的表达水平。结果：（1）在一定剂量和时间范围内紫杉醇能抑制HL－60细胞生长;（2）紫杉醇能诱导HL－60细胞凋亡,并显示剂量效应：（3）在紫杉醇诱导HL－609细胞凋亡过程中,bcl－2基因表达水平下调。结论：紫杉醇能诱导HL－60细胞凋亡;bcl-2基因参与了紫杉醇诱导HL－60细胞凋亡的调控。     

大黄素在体外诱导人肝癌细胞smmc-7721凋亡的实验研究

目的:研究Emodin(大黄素)对人肝癌细胞smmc-7721的作用及探讨其诱导人肝癌细胞凋亡的分子机制.方法:肝癌细胞smmc-7721经emodin(大黄素)处理后,用MTT法观察emodin对肝癌细胞株smmc-7721细胞增殖的抑制作用,荧光显微镜、DNA凝胶电泳、流式细胞仪分析诱导凋亡作用,采用western blot 检测p53、p21蛋白水平变化,采用细胞免疫组化方法检测Fas的表达变化.结果:与对照组相比,emodin能明显抑制smmc-7721细胞的生长,其IC50为49.6umol/L.荧光显微镜观察示emodin处理的肝癌细胞胞核内可见浓染致密的颗粒荧光,典型细胞可见新月型改变,固缩或片段化的核.DNA凝胶电泳可见典型的梯状条带,细胞凋亡与emodin作用的浓度和时间相关.流式细胞DNA直方图上出现典型的亚二倍体"凋亡峰 ",emodin能浓度依赖地诱导smmc-7721细胞发生G2/M期阻滞.Emodin处理smmc-7721细胞后,western blot 检测结果显示p53、p21蛋白表达明显增加,免疫组化方法检测结果显示Fas的表达明显增强.结论: emodin对人肝癌细胞smmc-7721株有强烈的增殖抑制作用,其分子机制可能是诱导smmc-7721细胞发生凋亡.Emodin 诱导smmc-7721细胞发生凋亡是p53依赖性的,即与p53、p21有关,并且Fas表达水平的上调在此过程中也起了一定作用.     

槲皮素诱导Cloudman S91细胞凋亡的机制

目的：探讨槲皮素诱导小鼠黑色素瘤Cloudman S91细胞系凋亡的作用和机制。方法：采用噻唑蓝(MTT)比色法、吖啶橙／溴乙锭荧光染色、流式细胞仪及western blot分析技术对槲皮素诱导Cloudman S91细胞凋亡的作用及机制进行分析。结果：槲皮素对Cloudman S91细胞增殖有明显的抑制作用，其细胞存活率呈时间-剂量依赖性降低；用40～120μmol／L的槲皮素作用Cloudman S91细胞72h，可见明显的细胞凋亡形态学变化；流式细胞仪检测有亚G1峰出现，细胞被阻滞于G0／G1期；western blot分析提示槲皮素可抑制p53、bcl-2基因的表达，且呈显著的剂量依赖性。结论：槲皮素诱导Cloudman S91细胞的凋亡，其机制可能是通过阻滞细胞于G0／G1期、抑制p53、bcl-2基因的表达。     

参丹酮ⅡA诱导人鼻咽癌细胞凋亡及其作用机制的体外实验研究

目的：探讨丹参酮ⅡA诱导人鼻咽癌细胞（CNE－1）凋亡的作用及其机制。方法：在体外细胞培养的基础上用0．5ug/ml丹参酮ⅡA处理CNE－1细胞4天，而后应用光镜，电镜，集落形成试验，DNA凝胶电泳及流式细胞仪分析CNE－1细胞增殖及凋亡的改变。结果：经丹参酮ⅡA处理后，CNE－1细胞增殖明显被抑制，镜下可见典型典型的凋亡细胞的特征性改变，细胞DNA呈现“梯状”断裂现象，流式细胞仪分析细胞凋亡的指数为16．9％，而对照组为6．4％，细胞凋亡相关基因fas,bax,p53及细胞周期负调基因p21表达明显增加，bcl-2表达明显降低。结果：丹参酮ⅡA具有诱导鼻咽癌细胞凋亡的作用。其机制可能与其诱导某些凋亡及周期调控相关基因的表达有关。     

星半通膈散诱导人食管癌Eca-109细胞凋亡及其机制研究

目的 研究星半通膈散药液诱导人食管癌Eca-109细胞凋亡及其作用机制.方法 采用MIT法测定细胞生长抑制率,通过流式细胞仪观察凋亡细胞及检测p53、bcl-2基因表达.结果 星半通膈散不同剂量药液均可抑制人食管癌Eca-109细胞生长,诱导细胞凋亡,降低p53(突变型)、bcl-2蛋白表达率.结论 星半通膈散能诱导人食管癌Eca-109细胞凋亡,而抑制p53基因突变、下调bcl-2基因表达可能是其重要机制.     

The Relationship between p38MAPK and Apoptosis during Paclitaxei Resistance of Ovarian Cancer Cells

To investigate the relationship between p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) and cell apoptosis during the paclitaxel resistance of ovarian carcinoma cell lines, flow cytometry (FCM) and PI staining were employed to determine the effect of p38MAPK inhibitor SB203580 on the apoptosis of A2780/Taxol cells, a drug-resistant human ovarian carcinoma cell line. p38MAPK protein expression in SB203580-treated cells was immunochemically measured. The 50% inhibition concentration (IC(50)) of paclitaxel on A2780/Taxol cells was determined by MTT assay. MDR-1 mRNA, and expression of p38MAPK and phospho-p53 protein were detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. The apoptosis rate of A2780/Taxol cells was (19.7+/-1.04)% 24 h after SB203580 treatment. A significant difference in apoptosis rate was found among experiment group, control group and untreated group (P<0.05). The relative reversal rate of A2780/Taxol cells to paclitaxel was (57.18+/-2.01)%. As compared with the control group and the untreated group, p38MAPK protein and MDR-1 mRNA in SB203580-treated cells was substantially decreased. The expression of p53 protein was significantly increased. It is concluded that p38MAPK pathway is related to paclitaxel resistance of ovarian carcinoma, and blockade of this pathway can promote the apoptosis of the drug-resistant cells and reverse the drug-resistance. Moreover, p38MAPK-mediated apoptosis in paclitaxel-resistant ovarian carcinoma cells depends on the activation of p53.     

The relationship between p38MAPK and apoptosis during paclitaxel resistance of ovarian cancer cells

Summary To investigate the relationship between p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) and cell apoptosis during the paclitaxel resistance of ovarian carcinoma cell lines, flow cytometry (FCM) and PI staining were employed to determine the effect of p38MAPK inhibitor SB203580 on the apoptosis of A2780/Taxol cells, a drug-resistant human ovarian carcinoma cell line. p38MAPK protein expression in SB203580-treated cells was immunochemically measured. The 50% inhibition concentration (IC₅₀) of paclitaxel on A2780/Taxol cells was determined by MTT assay. MDR-1 mRNA, and expression of p38MAPK and phospho-p53 protein were detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. The apoptosis rate of A2780/Taxol cells was (19.7±1.04)% 24 h after SB203580 treatment. A significant difference in apoptosis rate was found among experiment group, control group and untreated group (P<0.05). The relative reversal rate of A2780/Taxol cells to paclitaxel was (57.18±2.01)%. As compared with the control group and the untreated group, p38MAPK protein and MDR-1 mRNA in SB203580-treated cells was substantially decreased. The expression of p53 protein was significantly increased. It is concluded that p38MAPK pathway is related to paclitaxel resistance of ovarian carcinoma, and blockade of this pathway can promote the apoptosis of the drug-resistant cells and reverse the drug-resistance. Moreover, p38MAPK-mediated apoptosis in paclitaxel-resistant ovarian carcinoma cells depends on the activation of p53. This project was supported by a grant from R&D program of Heilongjiang Province (No. GB05C402-11).     

Targeting of p38 Mitogen-activated Protein Kinases to Early Growth Response gene 1 （EGR-1） in the Human Paclitaxel-resistance Ovarian Carcinoma Cells

To investigate the relationship between the expression of early growth response gene 1 (EGR-1) and p38MAPK pathway in the paclitaxel resistance of ovarian carcinoma cells, the effect of p38MAPK inhibitor SB203580 on cell apoptosis was examined by using Hoechst 33258 staining. The intracellular Rh123 (Rhodamine 123) accumulation was detected by the flow cytometry (FCM). The 50% inhibition concentration (IC50) of paclitaxel for A2780/Taxol cells was determined by MTT method. Electrophoretic motility shift assay (EMSA) was employed to examine the EGR-1DNA binding activity. MDR1 and EGR-1 mRNA were assessed by RT-PCR. The expressed of p-gp, phos- phorylated p53 and p38 were detected by Western blotting. SB203580 could remarkably promote the apoptosis of A2780/Taxol cells, and the cell apoptosis was in a time-dependent manner. Cellular Rh123 accumulation was increased, and the IC50 of paclitaxel for A2780/Taxol cells was decreased significantly. A2780/Taxol cell line after SB203580 treatment was shown to have a significantly higher level of EGR-1 DNA binding activity. SB203580 down-regulated the activity of p38MAPK pathway, but up-regulated EGR-1 expression. SB203580 significantly increased the level of cellular phosphorylated p53 protein, but decreased the p-gp protein level and MDR1 mRNA level in A2780/Taxol cells. There existed a close relationship between p38MAPK pathway and the paclitaxel resistance of ovarian carcinoma cells. The expression of EGR-1 mediated by p38MAPK pathway plays a critical role in paclitaxel resistance of ovarian carcinoma cells.     

紫杉醇和姜黄素联用对人卵巢癌细胞系OC3的抑制作用

目的：观察姜黄素和紫杉醇联用对卵巢癌细胞系OC3生长的影响。方法：采用MTT法计算细胞抑制率；Giemsa染色观察细胞形态学变化；TUNEL染色计算细胞凋亡指数。结果：姜黄素可明显抑制OC3细胞的生长，其半数生长抑制率(ID50)约为11．2μmol／L；Giemsa染色显示紫杉醇、姜黄素或二者联合用药均可诱导细胞凋亡，联合用药后诱导细胞凋亡的作用增强；姜黄素能增加紫杉醇的细胞凋亡指数，并呈剂量依赖性。结论：姜黄素与紫杉醇协同可抑制人卵巢癌细胞系OC3的增殖；二者联合化疗有增效减毒作用。     

The Relationship between p38MAPK and Apoptosis during Paclitaxel Resistance of Ovarian Cancer Cells

To investigate the relationship between p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) and cell apoptosis during the paclitaxel resistance of ovarian carcinoma cell lines, flow cytometry (FCM) and PI staining were employed to determine the effect of p38MAPK inhibitor SB203580 on the apoptosis of A2780/Taxol cells, a drug-resistant human ovarian carcinoma cell line. p38MAPK protein expression in SB203580-treated cells was immunochemically measured. The 50% inhibition concentration (IC50) of paclitaxel on A2780/Taxol cells was determined by MTT assay. MDR-1 mRNA, and expression of p38MAPK and phospho-p53 protein were detected by RT-PCR and West- ern blotting, respectively. The apoptosis rate of A2780/Taxol cells was (19.7±1.04)% 24 h after SB203580 treatment. A significant difference in apoptosis rate was found among experiment group, control group and untreated group (P<0.05). The relative reversal rate of A2780/Taxol cells to pacli- taxel was (57.18±2.01)%. As compared with the control group and the untreated group, p38MAPK protein and MDR-1 mRNA in SB203580-treated cells was substantially decreased. The expression of p53 protein was significantly increased. It is concluded that p38MAPK pathway is related to pacli- taxel resistance of ovarian carcinoma, and blockade of this pathway can promote the apoptosis of the drug-resistant cells and reverse the drug-resistance. Moreover, p38MAPK-mediated apoptosis in pa- clitaxel-resistant ovarian carcinoma cells depends on the activation of p53.     

紫杉醇抗人脑多形性胶质母细胞瘤BT325株实验研究

目的：通过体外实验探讨紫杉醇有否抗人脑恶性胶质瘤作用。方法：首先用ＭＴＴ法检测紫杉醇对胶质母细胞瘤ＢＴ３２５株具有明显的细胞毒作用。进一步通过形态学观察及流式细胞仪来证实紫杉醇可诱导ＢＴ３２５细胞凋亡。结果：ＢＴ３２５细胞在紫杉醇作用下,细胞生长被明显抑制;细胞分裂阻滞在Ｇ０／Ｇ１期,出现凋亡峰;具有典型的凋亡细胞形态学特征。结论：紫杉醇具有明显的抗人脑胶质瘤作用,其作用机制与诱导细胞凋亡有关。     

激光共聚焦显微镜观察FITC-Annexin V/PI双染色法检测人肺癌细胞凋亡

目的激光共聚焦显微镜观察FITC-Annexin V／PI双染色法检测人肺癌细胞凋亡的形态。方法对不同剂量含药血清处理的体外培养人肺癌PGLH7细胞株进行Annexin V／PI双染,激光共聚焦显徽镜观察细胞凋亡的形态特征。结果Annexin V／PI双染色法加激光共聚焦显微镜观察,经含药血清作用的人肺癌细胞ee,凋亡早期细胞呈AnnexinV高染而PI低染,细胞膜呈绿色而细胞核不着色;凋亡中、晚期细胞则AnnexinV和PI均为高染,细胞膜呈绿色而细胞核呈红色;部分细胞的核呈碎片状或梅花状,为典型的细胞凋亡形态。结论FITC—AnnexinV／PI双染色法加激光共聚焦显微镜观察凋亡细胞是目前观察凋亡的理想方法,特别适用于凋亡细胞的早期检测。     

苦参素对胃癌SGC-7901细胞凋亡及细胞骨架改变的研究

目的 探讨苦参素对胃癌细胞株SGC-7901的抑制增殖效应及凋亡诱导作用。方法 用苦参素处理SGC-7901细胞,采用MTT法检测苦参素对细胞的抑制作用,透射电镜观察微丝的变化,流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡率和细胞周期。结果 苦参素使SGC-7901细胞呈凋亡改变,细胞的活力下降,微丝几近消失,不同浓度的苦参素均可导致细胞凋亡和细胞周期阻抑。结论 苦参素能抑制胃癌细胞增殖,能诱导胃癌细胞凋亡。     

p16在重组人肿瘤坏死因子诱导的HepG2肝癌细胞凋亡中的作用研究

目的:研究p16在重组人肿瘤坏死因子(rmhTNF)诱导的肝癌细胞凋亡中的作用。方法:用rmhTNF处理肝癌细胞,以流式细胞仪检测细胞周期变化,蛋白免疫印迹检测细胞内p16的表达变化。用siRNA干扰p16的表达后,再予流式细胞仪检测细胞的凋亡变化。结果:rmhTNF可以诱导肝癌细胞HepG2的凋亡,同时也可以诱导p16的表达的增加。干扰p16的表达可以逆转由rmhTNF诱导的肝癌细胞的凋亡。结论:p16在rmhTNF诱导的肝癌细胞的凋亡中发挥着重要的作用。