EXPRESSION AND SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION OF DNA-PK IN NASOPHARYNGEAL CARCINOMA CELL LINES CNE1 AND CNE2 WITH DIFFERENT RADIOSENSITIVITY

Exploring mechanism of radioresistance and searching for some suitable radiosensitized approaches isone of the ways to improve the curative rate of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. As we know, radiosensitivity is highly correlated with the number of DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) and the extent of it’s repair[1], and the ability of DSBs repair is one of the important factors influencing radiosensitivity. In mammalian cells, the nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) is the predominan pathway of DSB…     

ASSOCIATION OF EXPRESSION OF P53 PROTEIN WITH CELL PROLIFERATIVE ACTIVITY AND PROGNOSIS IN COLORECTAL CANCER

p53gene,oneofwellknowntumorsuppressergenes,hasthecell-cyclenegatlveregulatlngfunctlonandregulatescellprollferatlon.'-'Themutatlonsandexpresslonofp53genelncolorectalcancerhavebeenstudledcomprehenslvely,butfewreportsdlscussedtherelatlonshlpofltsexpresslontocellprollferatlveactlvlty,lymphnodemetastaslsaswellasprognoslsofthedlsease.Weherebylnvestlgatedexpresslonofp53protelnandprollferatlngcellnuclearantlgen(PCNA)lncolorectalcancerwlthAB-PAPlmmuno-hlstochemlcaltechnlquetoflndoutthecorrelatlonbet…     

EXPRESSION OF mdr-1 GENE IN CANCER TISSUE AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH MORPHOLOGICAL INDEXES OF ESOPHAGEAL CARCINOMA IN ANYANG

Multipledrugresistance(MDR)ofcancercellsisoneofthemostinterestingareasinthecurrentcancerresearches.IthasbeenshownthatmanytumorshaveMDR.OneofthemolecularbaseofMDRistheamplificationofmdr-lgeneandoverexpressionofitsproduct,pl70,whichwerethoughtasthedirectcauseofchemothcrapyfailurebymanyinvestigators.'--'Moreover,othersicbelievethatmdr-1geneexpressionincancertissuewasamalignantbiologicalindicatorforneoplasms.UPtodate,fewresearchreportswerefoundintheliteratureonmdr-lgeneexpressioninesophaguscan…     

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCES OF THE EXPRESSION OF METALLOTHIONEIN IN FIVE TYPES EPITHELIUM CELL CANCER

Objective： To study the expressions of （CSC）, bladder transitional cell cancer metallothionein and the significances in cervical squamous cell cancer （BTC）, esophageal squamous cell cancer （ESC）, gastral tubular adenocarcinoma （GC） and large intestinal tubular adenocarcinoma （LIC）. Methods： lmmunohistochemical method was used to examine the expression rates of MT in five types of cancer tissue. Results： The expression rates of MT were 75.00% （24/32） in ESC, 52.27% （46/88） in GTC, 59.46% （44/74） in LIC, 64.86% （48/74） in BTC and 58.57% （41/70） in CSC respectively. The positive rates of MT expression were higher in low differentiation and deep muscular group than those in medium or high differentiation and superficial muscular invasion group （P〈0.05）. Conclusion： The expression of MT is related to differentiation degree and invasion degree.     

EFFECTS AND MECHANISMS OF ENDOSTATIN ON THE GROWTH OF OVARIAN CANCER SKOV3 CELLS IN VITRO AND IN VIVO

Objective： To evaluate the inhibitory effect of Endostatin on ovarian cancer cell line SKOV3 and to investigate the possible mechanism of the inhibition. Methods： Using MTT, transmission electron microscope （TEM） and immunocytochemistry, the effects of Endostatin on the proliferation of SKOV3 cells were studied. Nude mice were subcutaneously implanted with SKOV3 cells. The cell apoptosis of implanted tumor was detected by TUNEL and TEM. The expressions of bcl-2 and bax in implanted tumor tissues were measured by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. Results： Endostatin significantly inhibited the proliferation of SKOV3 cells in vitro （P〈0.01） and induced cell apoptosis, whereas the expressions of bcl-2 and bax were not changed obviously in SKOV3 cell treated with Endostatin. The mean tumor weight of Endostatin treated group was markedly lower than that of PBS control group （P〈0.05）. The expression of bcl-2 was down-regulated in Endostatin treated group, but bax was not influenced. Conclusions： The results demonstrated that Endostatin might have anti-tumor effect on ovarian carcinoma. One of the important mechanisms of Endostatin effect of anti-angiogenic and anti-tumor activities might involve regulating the bcl-2/bax expression and inducing apoptosis.     

CATHEPSIN B EXPRESSION AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH MICROVESSEL DENSITY AND BIOLOGICAL BEHAVIOUR OF COLORECTAL CARCINOMA

The proteolytic enzymes secreted by cancer cells are believed to play an important role in cancer invasion and metastasis. Our studies have shown that Cathepsin D is correlated with the invasion and metastasis of colorectal carcinoma. But there are no significant differences between mucinous and non-mucinous colorectal carcinoma for cathepsin D expression. The results suggest that there maybe other closely related factors which make mucinous colorectal carcinoma apt to metastasis compared wit…     

THE EXPRESSION OF CYTOKERATINS IN HUMAN HEPATOCELLULAR AND CHOLANGIOCELLULAR CARCINOMAS

ＴＨＥＥＸＰＲＥＳＳＩＯＮＯＦＣＹＴＯＫＥＲＡＴＩＮＳＩＮＨＵＭＡＮＨＥＰＡＴＯＣＥＬＬＵＬＡＲＡＮＤＣＨＯＬＡＮＧＩＯＣＥＬＬＵＬＡＲＣＡＲＣＩＮＯＭＡＳ￥ＳｕＱｉｎ；苏勤；Ｌｉｕｙａｎｆａｎｇ；刘彦仿（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＰａｔｈｏｌｏｇｙ，...     

THE ASSOCIATION OF HLA WITH BREAST CANCER AND ITS ER STATUS

Results of comparative study of Human Leu-cocytic Antigen (HLA-A), -B typing in 73 breast cancer (BC) patients having different estrogen receptor (ER) status and 50 healthy individuals in the northern part of China are reported. In 58 of the 73 patients, HLA-C, -DR typing were also studied in addition. The results of this study showed that HLA-Bw61 (40) were negatively associated with BC, while -Cw7 and -DRw6 were positively associated with BC. Moreover, -DR was more closely associated with ER( ) status with a RR value of 8.621. In the ER(-) group, there were no specific related antigens. In the light of the differences in pathology, prognosis and effect of endocrine therapy between ER( ) and ER(-) status, the authors are inclined to the view that the two kinds of breast cancer may be a heterogeneous disease.     

EXPRESSION OF CDX2 IS ASSOCIATED WITH CLINICOPATHOLOGIC FEATURES AND PROGNOSIS OF GASTRIC CARCINOMA.

Objective： To explore the correlation between the Cdx2 expression and clinicopathologic features of patients with gastric carcinoma, and to evaluate the role of Cdx2 as a prognostic indicator of gastric carcinoma. Methods： The expression of Cdx2 was studied using immunohistochemistry of paraffin-embedded tumor specimens from 154 patients who underwent D2 resection for gastric adenocarcinoma from 1994 to 1998. Results： Cdx2 expression was detected in 35.1% （54 of 154） of gastric carcinoma cases. Expression of Cdx2 was significantly higher in intestinal-type carcinomas than in diffuse-type carcinomas, and in cases with TNM stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ than those with TNM stage Ⅲ and Ⅳ （P〈0.001 and P=-0.012, respectively）. There was a clear negative correlation between Cdx2 expression and lymph node metastasis （P=-0.049）. The patients with Cdx2-positive expression showed higher survival rate than those with Cdx2-negative expression （P〈0.0001）. Multivariate analysis revealed that the expression of Cdx2 was the independent prognostic indicator in this series （P〈0.001）. Conclusion： These data suggest that Cdx2 has significant value in predicting prognosis of gastric carcinoma.     

CLINICOPATHOLOGIC FEATURES AND HEPATECTOMY IN THE ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH PRIMARY LIVER CANCER

ＣＬＩＮＩＣＯＰＡＴＨＯＬＯＧＩＣＦＥＡＴＵＲＥＳＡＮＤＨＥＰＡＴＥＣＴＯＭＹＩＮＴＨＥＥＬＤＥＲＬＹＰＡＴＩＥＮＴＳＷＩＴＨＰＲＩＭＡＲＹＬＩＶＥＲＣＡＮＣＥＲＺｈｏｕＸｉｎｄａ周信达ＴａｎｇＺｈａｏｙｏｕ汤钊猷ＹｕＹｅｑｉｎ余业勤ＭａＺｅｎｇｃｈ...     

THE EFFECT OF db-cAMP ON THE GENE EXPRESSION OF CALMODULIN AND CYTOSKELETON IN THE TRANSFORMED CELLS

We have demonstrated that the distribution of microtubules (MT), mlcrofilaments (MF) and fibronectin (FN) were diminished, while the gene expression of the calmodulin and c- fos enhanced in the transformed C3H10T1/2 cells. After treatment with 1 mM db-cAMP for 1 hour and 2 hours, there was an early and repldly reduced in gene expression of Calmodulin and c-fos respectively. After db-cAMP treatment for 4 -5 days, the number of capping cells of ConA binding decreased significantly and the cell surface microvllll decreased as well. The growth of treated cells was inhibited markedly. By using 4F1 cDNA probe, which is preferentially expressed In G1 phase, we have found that the db- cAMP treated cells were accumulated at G1 phase. Of particular interest is the fact that the distribution of microtubules, mlcrofilaments and fibronectln were recovered after treatment with 1 mM db-cAMP for 6 days. It is suggested that the Inhibition of proliferation, alteration, of phenotype and reco- very of cytoskeleton is tran     

EXPRESSION OF P53 AND C-MYC IN MOUSE LUNG CANCER INDUCED BY COAL BURNING

ＥＸＰＲＥＳＳＩＯＮＯＦＰ５３ＡＮＤＣ－ＭＹＣＩＮＭＯＵＳＥＬＵＮＧＣＡＮＣＥＲＩＮＤＵＣＥＤＢＹＣＯＡＬＢＵＲＮＩＮＧＬｉｎＣｈｕｎｙａｎ林春艳，ＤａｉＸｕｄｏｎｇ戴旭东，ＳｕｎＸｉｗｅｎ孙喜文，ＬｉＦｅｎｇｈｕａ李风华，ＳｈｉＹｕｂｏ石于波（Ｃａ...     

EXPRESSION OF PCNA, AKP AND ACP DURING DEVELOPMENT OF MOUSE FORE STOMACH CARCINOMA

Objective： To find out the relationship of the expressions of proliferating cell nuclear antigen （proliferating cell nuclear antigen, PCNA）, alkaline phosphotase （alkaline phosphotase, AKP） and acid phosphotase （acid phosphotase, ACP） with the development of mouse fore stomach cancerization. Methods： The animal models, including the various stages during the development of NIH mouse fore stomach carcinoma, were made by N-Nitrososarcosineethylester （N-Nitrososarcosineethylester, NSEE）. The mice were sacrificed on the 14th, 28th, 42nd, 56th, 70th and 84th days respectively after mice were irrigated with NSEE. The fore stomach was taken out and dissected. The methods of histopathology, immunohistochemistry and isoenzyme electrophoresis were adopted to study the dynamic changes of cell shape and expression of PCNA, AKP and ACP. Results： On the 42nd and 56th days after NSEE treatment, the expression of PCNA increased gradually along with the cancerization. Comparing with the control, there were significant differences （P〈0.05）. On the 70th and 84th days, the expression of PCNA increased further （compared with the control P〈0.01）. The activity of AKP increased gradually along with the cancerization. On the 14th, 28th, 42nd and 56th days, there were significant differences （P〈0.05）; on the 70th and 84th days, the activity of AKP increased further （P〈0.01）. The activity of ACP also increased on the 14th, 28th, 42nd and 56th days, and there were significant differences on the 70th days （P〈0.05） and on the 84th days （P〈0.01） compared with the control. Conclusion： During the carcinogenesis of NIH mouse fore stomach, the expressions of PCNA, AKP and ACP increased gradually and were consisted with the changes of cell shapes.     

CLINICAL STUDY OF T-PA AND U-PA EXPRESSION IN PATIENTS WITH GASTROINTESTINAL CANCER

Objective: To study the changes of tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA), urokinase-type plasminogen activator (u-PA) expressions and fibrinolysis molecular markers in patients with gastrointestinal cancer in order to elucidate their clinical significance. Methods: The plasma levels of t-PA, u-PA, urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (u-PAR) and plasmin anti-plasmin complex (PAP) were measured by ELISA. t-PA and u-PA mRNAs were detected by Real-time RT-PCR. Results: The plasma levels of u-PA, u-PAR and PAP were elevated in gastrointestinal cancer patients, while u-PA was markedly elevated in patients with local infiltration, lymph node involvement or distal metastasis. U-PA mRNA was higher and t-PA was lower in gastrointestinal cancer compared to normal tissue. Conclusion: Hyperfibrinolysis is an important factor related with metastasis potential of gastrointestinal cancer, t-PA may be a character of well differentiated tissue.     

EXPRESSION OF CYCLIN D1 AND CDK4 IN OSTEOSARCOMA OF THE JAWS

The main cause of the cellular malignant proliferation is the disorder of cell division and growth. The alterations of proteins and genes that involved in this process correlate closely with the occurrence and vicious phenotype of neoplasm. Cyclin D1 and cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) regulatory proteins in G1 phase have a direct bearing on carcinogenesis. Presently, gene amplification, overexpression, chromosome inversion andtranslocation of cyclin D1 and CDK4 have been discovered in ma…     

EXPRESSION OF FLIP IN HUMAN COLON CARCINOMAS： A NEW MECHANISM OF IMMUNE EVASION

Objective： It has been proposed that Fas ligand （FasL） may play an important role in immune escape of tumors and FLIP is an important mediator of Fas/FasL pathway. In this study, the expression of FLIP was determined in human colon carcinoma cell lines and tissue to investigate the new mechanism of immune evasion of human colon carcinomas. Methods： RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry （IHC） were performed to investigate the expression of FLIP in human colon carcinoma cell lines SW480, LS174 and twenty human primary colon carcinoma specimens. Results： It was shown that SW480 cells, LS174 cells and primary colon carcinoma specimen constitutively expressed FLIP at the mRNA and protein level. The expression of FLIP was not found in the epithelial cells of normal colon mucosa. Conclusion： FLIP was expressed in human primary colon carcinoma specimens but not in the normal counterpart. It suggested that the expression of FLIP may occur during the malignant transformation from normal colon epithelial cells to colon carcinoma cells. Tumor cells might obtain the ability to resist the Fas-mediated apoptosis by expressing FLIP. The expression of FLIP might contribute to the formation of colon carcinomas.     

EPIDEMIC STRENGTH OF CARDIA AND DISTANT STOMACH CANCER IN THE HIGH RISK REGION OF ESOPHAGEAL CANCER AND THEIR IMPLICATION TO EDOSCOPIC SCREENING

Objective： To discuss the epidemic strength of cardia and distant stomach cancers in the high risk region of esophageal cancer along the south Taihang mountain such as in Shexian, Linxian, and Cixian Counties, and to clarify the tasks for the control of upper gastrointestinal tract cancer as a whole in the region. Methods： Comparisons of incidence and mortality rates of esophageal, cardia and stomach cancers were made between Cixian, Linxian and Shexian Counties with reference to detection rates of cancer in situ and precancerous lesions of the three upper gastrointestinal cancers by endoscopic screening. The screening was performed from 1999 through 2004 in the three adjacent counties including a total of 6233 local residents aged 40 to 69 years old. Results： The incidence rates for cardia cancer for the male and female from 2000 through 2004 were 69.9 and 41.5, and the mortality rates were 54.3 and 33.2 respectively in Shexian County. Esophageal, cardia, and stomach cancers constitute about 70～80 percent of all malignant disease by incidence or mortality rates. Endoscopic survey with iodine staining can effectively detect squamous cell precancerous lesions in the esophagus, but the method is inadequate for the detection of adeno precancerous lesions of the cardia and stomach. Conclusion： The south Taihang mountain region is a high risk area not only for esophagus cancer, but also for cardia and stomach cancers. To control upper gastrointestinal tract cancers as a whole in the region, special attention should be paid to the control of cardia and stomach cancers. Presently, to find effective screening methods for detecting cardia and stomach precancerous lesions is especially important.     

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE EXPRESSIONS OF LMP1 AND E-CADHERIN/β-CATENIN IN NASOPHARYNGEAL CARCINOMA

Objective:To compare the expression of Epstein-Barr virus encoded LMP1 and E-cadherin/β-catenin in primary and metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) for the purpose of understanding their relationship. Methods: Twenty-two pairs of biopsies taken from the nasopharynx and cervical lymph node(s) of the same patient with nasopharyngeal carcinoma were collected. The expression of LMP1, E-cadherin and β-catenin was observed on immunostained slides using LSAB method. Results:The expression rate of LMP1 in the 22 metastatic tumors (86.36%, 19/22) was significantly higher than that in the 22 primary growths (68.18%, 15/22), P<0.05. The mean expression percentages of E-cadherin and β-catenin in metastatic tumors (50.11%(22.53% and 66.36(21.05%, respectively) were significantly lower than those in primary growths (71.52(24.34 % and 79.40%(15.05%, respectively), P<0.05. There was a positive correlation between the expressions of E-cadherin and β-catenin either in primary growths or metastatic tumors. Conclusion: The LMP1 is more likely to be expressed in metastatic neoplastic cells of NPC than in primary carcinoma cells, and on the contrary the expression of E-cadherin/β-catenin in metastatic cells was decreased. Accordingly, the LMP1 might have the ability to downregulate the expression of E-cadherin/β- catenin, resulting in enhancement of the invasive capacity of metastatic NPC cells.     

STUDY ON RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CHEMOSENSITIVITY OF BREAST CANCER AND EXPRESSION OF p73α AND p53

Objective： To investigate the relationship between the expression of p73α and p53 versus the chemosensitivity in breast cancer cells. Methods： Twelve surgical samples of breast cancer diagnosed by pathology were used. The cancer sample cells were separately cultured in the incubator at 37℃, 5% CO2 in vitro. The relative inhibition rate of cancer cells by 4 kinds of anticancer drugs, which were EPI, MMC, 5-Fu and DDP, were assayed by MTT method. Immunocytochemistry was used to detect the expression of p73α and p53 in the cancer cells. Results： The positive expression of p73α was found in 5/12 （41.67%）, and p53 positive expression rate was 50.0% （6/12）. The relative inhibition rate of MMC, EPI, 5-Fu and DDP were significantly higher in the p73α positive cancer cells than in the p73α negative cancer cells. A positive correlation was found between expression of p73α and chemosensitivity for all the four anticancer drugs. Condusion： The expression of p73α is related with the chemosensitivity of the breast cancer cells, and it may become one of the markers for judging the effect of chemotherapy in clinic.