无牙颌下颌开窗式印模技术

重度吸收的无牙颌下颌牙槽嵴,其表面常被覆有过度增生的条索状黏膜组织,如何制取这些组织的精确印模是临床常见难题之一。本文介绍了1种无牙颌下颌开窗式印模制取方法。首先通过在无牙颌个别托盘相应区域开窗,充分显露出增生黏膜组织,使得医师可以在取模过程中随时准确观察这些组织状况。其次本文应用了2种新的印模材料——流体印模蜡与聚硫硅橡胶材料,分别用于制取正常黏膜组织与增生黏膜软组织区域的印模,获得了精确的下颌无牙颌印模。这种开窗式印模的特点是印模操作时间充分,两步式取模方式不会挤压组织变形,能够准确反映下颌无牙颌组织形态。     

不同形状的托盘和印模材料对口腔模型的压力测试

取印模时的压力大小是影响全口义齿固位和稳定的重要因素之一。本研究的目的是测量使用不同形状的托盘、不同的印模材料制取无牙颌模型时的压力大小。 材料和方法 本研究采用嵌有3个压力传导器的无牙上颌模型,制作以下4种不同形状的个别托盘:有孔有缓冲、有孔无缓冲、无孔有缓冲和无孔无缓冲。印模材料包括不可逆水胶体印模材料、聚硫橡胶印模材料、小颗粒和中等颗粒硅橡胶印模材料。共制取128个印模。使用Satec试验机对托盘     

一种用不可逆水胶体印模制取模型的新方法

应用藻酸盐(不可逆水胶体)材料制取印模时,由于多种因素的影响,印模从口腔内取出后如不立即灌模,印模材料会很快发生体积改变;同时,由于不可逆水胶体印模料不易与托盘附着,因而常常导致印模变形。作者提出了一种灌注无牙颌不可逆水胶体印模的新方法,其步骤如下:1.用托盘柄固定所取印模,以保     

影响义齿印模精度的常见因素

印模材料的精度和尺寸稳定性是能否成功获得精确印模及模型的关键.目前临床用于修复的印模材料种类较多,各种材料的性能,临床操作过程中的温度,操作时间,托盘的选择,印模材料与托盘和石膏的结合以及印模的消毒,取模前和灌模前对印模的处理等,对印模的精度和尺寸稳定性均有着不同的影响.     

硅橡胶印模材料在口腔修复中的应用

印模材料的优劣直接影响到灌注模型的准确性和精度，从而会影响到修复体的质量，临床上常用的印模材料有藻酸盐印模材、琼脂印模材、氧化锌一丁香酚印模糊剂和硅橡胶印模材。藻酸盐印模材由于价格低廉，目前是口腔修复中最常用的印模材料。     

藻酸盐印模材料特性及在口腔修复临床中的应用

目的:将藻酸盐印模材料更好地应用于口腔修复临床.方法:了解和掌握藻酸盐印模材料的保存,贮藏与性能,以及它在应用于各类临床修复中的注意事项.结果:正确应用藻酸盐印模材料,可获得准确,清晰的印模,结论:藻酸盐印模材料应妥善保存和规范使用才能获取精确印模.     

数字化印模在无牙颌中应用的研究进展

数字化印模是一种高效、便捷的新兴印模技术,近年来在固定冠、种植牙,可摘局部义齿中都展现了良好的准确度以及临床疗效,同时简化了临床诊疗的繁琐流程,提高了患者舒适度.无牙颌印模制取一直是临床诊疗的关键与难点,数字化印模在无牙颌患者修复中的应用逐渐增多.该文将从无牙颌数字化印模的分类、准确度研究以及临床扫描策略进行综述,为无...     

硅橡胶印模材料应用于全口义齿印模的护理

目的探讨硅橡胶印模材料在全口义齿印模中的应用及椅旁护理体会。方法选择曾经采用红色打样膏和藻酸盐印模材料印模进行全口义齿修复的患者56例,采用硅橡胶印模材料印模进行全口义齿修复,观察效果。结果硅橡胶印模材料印制的模型表面光滑,准确,精度高,操作时患者感觉舒适。结论硅橡胶印模材料应用于全口义齿修复的印模,不受气候的影响,操作方便简单,又能保证印模的准确性,材料一次性使用,避免交叉感染,效果满意。     

口腔印模精确性的影响因素

口腔印模是否能真实反映口腔组织情况与制作修复体的精确度紧密相关.笔者就影响口腔印模精确性的因素,包括印模技术、托盘、印模材料、印模操作、印模消毒等进行综述.     

无牙颌两种印模方法的数字化模型偏差分析

目的:利用数字化扫描技术和逆向工程软件探索上颌无牙颌的黏膜变化,比较不同取模方法下无牙颌模型的差异.方法:随机抽取20名上颌无牙颌患者,通过两种不同的方法获取其上颌印模:使用有孔托盘和藻酸盐材料取传统解剖式印模,以及使用无孔托盘和硅橡胶材料取压力式印模.然后使用口外扫描仪对所有印模进行扫描并转化为数字模型.对同一患者的...     

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提要：采取印模是制作全口义齿的第一步，是成功镶复全口义齿的关键。准确的印模，要反映口腔解剖形态和周围组织生理功能活动范围，以使基托与口腔黏膜高度密合，边缘封闭，从而取得良好的固位。本文从无牙颌剩余牙槽嵴解剖特点、无牙颌印模要求、制取印模前准备及常用印模方法几方面全面阐述了全口义齿印模技术。     

提升全口义齿固位的临床策略

固位是全口义齿正常行使功能的前提。全口义齿固位的基本理论一直以来没有大的变化,但随着牙科材料和修复技术的不断发展,使全口义齿的固位原理得到更加充分的临床应用。文章在回顾全口义齿固位原理的基础上,从印模与模型的制取、人工牙的选择与排列、基托材料的选择及个性化基托形态的形成等方面介绍了提升全口义齿固位力的临床策略。     

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目的比较硅橡胶闭口式印模法和开口式印模法在无牙颌义齿修复中的临床疗效。方法收集2008年3月至2011年9月福建医科大学附属第一医院口腔科收治的无牙颌修复患者30例,按初诊时间顺序随机分为闭口式印模组和对照组,分别使用闭口式和开口式印模法制作全口义齿,3个月后复查其吸附力和压痛修改情况。结果用闭口式印模法制作的全口义齿,吸附力好于开口式印模法,其压痛修改次数也明显减少。结论对于无牙颌全口义齿的制作,硅橡胶闭口式印模法优于开口式印模法。     

全口义齿印模技术的进展介绍

采取印模是制作全口义齿的第一步,是成功修复全口义齿的关键。准确的全口印模要精确地反映无牙颌患者剩余牙槽嵴的解剖形态和周围组织生理功能活动范围,以便使义齿基托与口腔黏膜高度密合,获得良好的边缘封闭,从而取得全口义齿良好的固位,并能在功能运动时保持稳定。越来越多的研究表明,传统的印模方法已不能满足临床要求。近年来各种改良式印模方法层出不穷,如：开窗托盘印模法、动态压力式印模法、后缘截断框架式托盘印模法及中性区技术等,这些方法在取组织面、磨光面或黏膜转折处的印模上各有优势或侧重。针对不同的患者,应根据其剩余牙槽嵴条件、全身情况或修复需求等情况而选择相应的印模方法。本文就无牙颌取模技术的不同侧重角度、技术要点、适应证等方面作一综述。     

What is the evidence base for the efficacies of different complete denture impression procedures? A critical review

ObjectivesMany procedures used in prosthodontics, including the materials and methods used for complete denture impressions, lack support of good evidence. The aims were to systematically, and critically, review the literature on complete denture impression materials and methods to identify an impression procedure that can be considered expedient for achieving a satisfactory clinical outcome for complete denture wearers.Data and sourcesMEDLINE/PubMed and the Cochrane Library were searched for studies on impression procedures used in the clinical fabrication of complete dentures. The search focused on best available evidence with respect to clinical outcome.Study selectionPubMed listed 1201 titles for the combination terms of complete denture and impression. Five relevant randomized controlled trials were identified. No review of complete denture impressions was found in the Cochrane Library.ResultsTwo-step procedures for complete denture impressions dominate all textbooks, teaching and specialist practice, despite an absence of convincing evidence of its superiority. No controlled studies supporting the use of border moulding, post-dam, and functional and mucostatic impressions, were identified. Two studies showed that a one-step method using alginate in a stock tray offers a similar clinical result to more complicated, expensive and time-consuming two-step material and technique combinations.ConclusionsThere was no support for the frequent textbook statement that the two-step procedure is necessary and superior to the one-step method. While some special clinical situations may benefit from other combinations of materials and techniques, the results suggest that the simple and inexpensive one-step procedure can serve the needs of the majority of edentulous patients.Clinical significanceIn spite of the fact that two-step procedures for complete denture impressions dominate textbooks, teaching and specialist practice, the results of this review suggest that a simple and inexpensive one-step procedure can serve the needs of the majority of edentulous patients.     

SET: simplified treatment of edentulous patients

A new technique for making complete denture in a reduced number of clinical sessions maintaining high quality standards is described. This method has been named SET, acronymic for simplified edentulous treatment. SET is a flexible method that can be performed in one, or more sittings, to meet the patient's requirements and/or according to the dentist's preference. All the traditional principles in making complete denture are respected, but new and innovative materials have been designed, built, tested and set up: the multilayer impression tray (MIT) and the bone resorption compensating curve (BRCC). In the first sitting the clinician can obtain, without the need of a dental laboratory, all the clinical information necessary for processing and delivering the denture.     

Combining Conventional Impressions and Intraoral Scans: A Technique for the Treatment of Complete Denture Patients with Flabby Tissue

The conventional method for impressions of flabby tissue uses modified trays and highly flowable materials, but mucostatic impressions are difficult to achieve due to the viscous and the elastic natures of impression materials. In this report, a technique is presented in which conventional impression and intraoral scanning for a fully edentulous patient with flabby tissue are combined. The definitive impression was obtained by applying appropriate pressure to each tissue area, and the denture can be maintained passively and stable at rest and during function.     

Case report: management of the flabby ridge: re-visiting the principles of complete denture construction

Displaceable tissue on edentulous ridges may present a considerable clinical challenge to dental practitioners when providing complete dentures. Surgical excision techniques or use of dental implants has provided clinicians with methods of addressing this particular difficulty. However careful consideration and application of the principles of complete denture construction can provide a less invasive and less complex form of treatment. This article describes one such clinical scenario, and demonstrates the use of a suitable impression technique that is based on successful manipulation of the thermoplastic nature of the impression material.     

Functional Impressions in Complete Denture and Overdenture Treatment

Tooth loss can cause loss of occlusal, masticatory, esthetic, physiognomic, phonetic and psychosocial function of patients. The most frequently used treatment method of completely edentulous patients and patients with a small number of remaining teeth are complete dentures or overdentures. One of the most important clinical and laboratory procedures in their fabrication is functional impression taking. The aim of this paper was to present procedures of taking functional impressions in fabrication of complete dentures and overdentures, using standardized techniques and materials. An accurate functional impression together with other correctly performed clinical and laboratory procedures ensure good retention and stability of dentures, which is a precondition for restoring patients’ lost functions.Key words: complete denture, overdenture, functional impression     

A Survey of U.S. Prosthodontists and Dental Schools on the Current Materials and Methods for Final Impressions for Complete Denture Prosthodontics

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to survey members of The American College of Prosthodontists (ACP) to evaluate current materials and methods for final impressions for complete denture prosthodontics in the United States. In addition, those methods were compared with methods and materials taught in U.S. dental schools via a second survey sent to the chairpersons of prosthodontic/restorative departments. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An anonymous questionnaire was mailed to all 1762 active ACP members in the United States in 2003. A slightly modified questionnaire was also distributed to chairpersons of prosthodontic/restorative departments in the 54 U.S. dental schools. Data analysis was performed via frequency distribution and chi-square statistics. RESULTS: Nine hundred and forty-five questionnaires were returned by members of the ACP (54% return rate) and 42 questionnaires were returned by the U.S. dental schools (78% return rate). The majority of the reporting prosthodontists (88%) and dental schools (98%) use a border-molded custom tray for final impressions for complete denture prosthodontics. The most popular material for border molding was plastic modeling compound (67% of reporting ACP members, and 95% of the responding dental schools). Variability of the materials used for final impressions was observed, with the most popular materials being polyvinylsiloxane for the ACP members (36%) and polysulfide for the dental schools (64%). Statistically significant differences were found in the materials used for border molding by prosthodontists based on the time elapsed since completion of prosthodontic training. No differences were found in the materials used for impression of edentulous arches based on years of experience. Geographic location did not influence the materials and methods used by prosthodontists for complete denture final impressions. CONCLUSIONS: There was variability of the materials and techniques used for final impressions by ACP members and dental schools; however, overall there was an agreement on the materials and techniques used by prosthodontists and dental schools. Distinct trends for increasing use of polyvinylsiloxane and polyether for border molding procedures and impressions of edentulous arches were observed both in members of the ACP and in the U.S. dental schools.