早年创伤对老年轻度认知障碍者学习记忆及事件相关电位的影响

目的探讨早年创伤性经历与老年轻度认知损害（MCI）患者认知功能的关系。方法从2009～2010年调查的石家庄市社区60岁以上老年人认知功能数据库抽取MCI39例,健康对照37名。采用儿童期创伤问卷一简版（CTQ—RF）进行早年精神创伤评估,情景记忆和联想学习量表进行记忆评估,并进行脑电生理学检测事件相关电位（ERP）。结果两组对象间年龄、性别和受教育程度等一般资料差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。MCI组联想学习和情景记忆成绩明显差于健康对照组,差异有统计学意义（Z分别为-3．96,-3．24;P〈0．01）。两组间CTQ-RF量表中仅情感忽视、躯体忽视及总分差异有统计学意义（Z分别为-2．86,-3．19,-3．51;P〈0．01）;余因子分以及生活事件评分未见统计学意义（P〉0．05）。经Spearman单因素相关分析,结果显示情感虐待、躯体忽视和CTQ总分与联想学习呈正相关（r分别为0．38,0．86,0．63;P〈0．05）,余未见相关性。MCI组Cz点、Pz点P300和N200潜伏期明显长于健康对照组,Cz点、Pz点P300和N200波幅明显低于健康对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。经Spearman单因素相关分析,结果显示仅躯体忽视和CTQ-RF总分与Fz点N200、Pz点N200的潜伏期呈正相关（P〈0．05）,与Pz点P300波幅呈负相关（P〈0．05）。结论早年创伤能够导致老年期学习记忆功能下降尤其是联想学习和情景记忆,童年期情感虐待、躯体忽视与其密切相关。     

Alzheimer病事件相关电位P300亚成份变化

目的分析Alzheimer病(AD)患者与正常老人(NC组)的事件相关电位P300亚成份构成的特性.方法应用丹麦仪器和听觉oddball范式,记录了39例AD组和40例NC组在Fz、Cz、Pz三点上P300,进一步分析P3亚成份.结果P3是一个复合波,NC组波形分化好,P3a、P3b双峰明显,稳定.在Fz、Cz、Pz点双峰波出现率分别为55%、42.5%和52.5%.在Cz和Pz点,AD组P3双峰波出现率低于NC组,有显著性差异(P＜0.05).本测试结果,在Fz点P3a潜伏期,Pa、P3b波幅,Cz点P3a、P3b波幅以及Pz点P3b潜伏期、P3b波幅上,AD组表现为同一趋势,即潜伏期延迟和波幅低于NC组,有显著性差异(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).结论提示P3a和P3b可能是一个可信赖的指标,oddball范式属于一种比较简单的认知作业,宜于老年患者和精神病患者完成,较适合精神科临床应用.     

脑梗死患者的认知性电位P300亚成分实验研究

目的 分析脑梗死(CI)患者与正常老年人(NC)的认知性电位P300亚成份构成的特性.方法 应用美国仪器和听觉oddball范式,记录了31例CI和40例NC在Fz、Cz、Pz三点上P300,进一步分析P3亚成分.结果 NC组在Fz、Cz、Pz点双峰波出现率分别为55%、42.5%和52.5%.CI组在Pz点,P3双峰波出现率低于NC组.CI组潜伏期延迟和波幅低于NC组,有显著性差异.结论 P3a和P3b是一个可靠的指标值得进一步研究.     

精神分裂症患者事件相关电位研究

目的 :研究以阴性、阳性症状为主的精神分裂症患者的事件相关电位 (ERPs)。　方法 :将 2 2例阴性、 2 7例阳性未服药的精神分裂症患者和 17例正常对照组 ,进行 N1 0 0 、 P2 0 0 、 N2 0 0 、 P30 0 测查。　结果 :阴性组在 Fz,Cz,Pz,T7,T85个点的 P30 0 波幅显著低于和潜伏期明显长于正常对照组 ;阳性组在 Cz,Pz点的 P30 0 波幅低于正常对照组 (P<0 .0 5 )。 P30 0 的波幅与潜伏期在两组患者之间差异有显著性 (P<0 .0 5 ) ;阴性患者 N1 0 0 、N2 0 0 的波幅低于正常对照组 ;相关分析发现 ,阴性分量表分与 Fz的 P30 0波幅显著负相关 (r=— 0 .31,P<0 .0 5 ) ,与 T7、 T8点的潜伏期呈显著正相关 (r=0 .33,r=0 .35 ,P<0 .0 5 )。　结论 :以阳性、阴性症状为主的精神分裂症可能有不同的神经生物学基础。     

甲基苯丙胺依赖者认知功能与事件相关电位P300的研究

目的 探讨甲基苯丙胺依赖者认知功能状况及事件相关电位P300特征.方法 随机将年龄在18 ～ 65岁之间符合CCMD-3甲基苯丙胺依赖诊断标准患者30例作为实验组,选择30例健康者作为对照组.各组分别予听觉P300检测和蒙特利尔认知评估量表筛查实验,将两组结果加以分析、比较.结果 与对照组相比,实验组Cz点P2、N2、P3及Pz点N1、P2、N2、P3潜伏期明显延长(P＜0.05或P＜0.01);实验组Cz、Pz点波幅明显降低(P＜0.05或P＜0.01);实验组蒙特利尔认知评估量表7个因子分及总分值均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05或P＜0.01);Pz点潜伏期及波幅与蒙特利尔认知评估量表中7个因子分具有相关性:为Pz点N1、P、N2 、P3潜伏期与相关因子及总分呈负相关(P ＜0.05或P＜0.01);PZ点波幅则与各因子分及总分呈正相关(P ＜0.05或P＜0.01).结论 甲基苯丙胺依赖者存在认知功能障碍.P300电位可作为评价甲基苯丙胺依赖者认知状况的客观指标之一应用于临床.     

精神分裂症患者认知异常的事件相关电位研究

目的探讨精神分裂症患者失匹配负波（mismatch negativity,MMN）的特征及药物对MMN的影响。方法对31例精神分裂症患者（研究组）和30名健康被试（对照组）行MMN的检测,并比较首发未用药组与已用药组MMN潜伏期、波幅的差异。结果（1）研究组和对照组Fz,Cz,Pz点均可见较明显MMN波形,精神分裂症组波形欠规则。（2）研究组Fz、Cz、Pz点的MMN潜伏期较对照组差异无统计学意义（t=0．74,0．09,0．63;P〉0．05）;三点波幅降低,较对照组比较差异具有统计学意义（t=5．04,5．83,4．47;P〈0．05）。（3）首发未用药病患组12例和已接受药物治疗的病患组19例,在Fz、Cz、Pz点MMN潜伏期、波幅,差异均未见统计学差异（t=0．59,1．17,1．73,1．88,1．12,0．90;P〉0．05）。结论精神分裂症患者认知功能受损,且MMN是一个稳定的素质性指标,不受药物影响。     

草酸艾司西酞普兰对抑郁症患者事件相关电位P300的影响

目的:探讨草酸艾司西酞普兰对抑郁症患者的事件相关电位P300影响。方法:随机将年龄在18～65岁之间符合中国精神障碍分类与诊断标准第3版抑郁症诊断标准患者30例作为研究组,选择30例性别年龄健康者作为对照组。研究组予草酸艾司西酞普兰治疗。两组分别予听觉P300检测,比较P300潜伏期及波幅的差异。结果:研究组Fz、Pz点潜伏期分别为(319±23)ms、(315±20)ms均比对照组分别为(300±22)ms、(299±21)ms延长,研究组Fz、Cz、Pz点分别为(2.5±1.8)μV、(2.6±2.4)μV、(2.5±3.3)μV波幅均比对照组分别为(3.8±2.0)μV、(3.7±1.9)μV、(4.1±3.0)μV降低(P<0.05或P<0.01)。治疗8周后,研究组Fz、Pz点潜伏期分别为(301±19)ms、(305±19)ms]明显缩短,Fz、Cz、Pz点分别为(3.5±1.8)μV、(3.7±2.1)μV、(3.6±3.5)μV波幅明显升高(P<0.05)。结论:抑郁症患者存在P300异常,草酸艾司西酞普兰具有改善这种异常现象的作用。     

精神分裂症患者事件相关电位P300的对照研究

目的:探讨精神分裂症患者听觉诱发电位P300的特征及病程对P300的影响。方法:对68例精神分裂症患者(研究组)和30名正常对照(正常对照组)进行事件相关电位P300的检测,并分析比较不同病程对P300的影响。结果:研究组Fz、Cz、FC1的P300潜伏期较对照组明显延迟(t分别=2.67,3.48,3.36;P均<0.01);Fz、Cz、FC1、FC2的波幅较对照组显著降低(t分别=5.97,2.54,4.57,3.80;P均<0.01)。对研究组中病程<6个月组和病程>5年组的患者比较发现,病程>5年组的患者Fz、Cz潜伏期延迟(t=9.23,7.63;P均<0.01),波幅降低(t=11.97,6.66;P均<0.01)。结论:精神分裂症患者认知功能受损,病程越长,受损越重。     

P300和总脑小血管病评分对脑小血管病患者认知 障碍评估的临床价值

目的 本研究旨在评估 P300、总脑小血管病（CSVD）评分对 CSVD 患者认知障碍程度的 检测作用，并探讨认知功能筛查量表与之匹配程度。方法 纳入 2018 年 10 月至 2020 年 6 月就诊于 连云港东方医院神经内科并诊断CSVD的患者72例，同时纳入同期评价的年龄、性别与之匹配的34名 健康体检者设为对照组。所有纳入者均在一周内检查简易智力状态检查量表（MMSE）和蒙特利尔 认知评估量表（MoCA）和 P300、总 CSVD 评分。CSVD 患者根据认知功能筛查量表（MMSE、MoCA）分 为认知障碍组和非认知障碍组，分析 3 组间 MMSE、MoCA 评分与 P300 潜伏期、P300 波幅、总 CSVD 评分的关系。结果 认知障碍组和非认知障碍组在中央点（Cz）记录的P300 潜伏期均长于对照组 （P＜ 0.001），认知障碍组P300 潜伏期长于非认知障碍组［（397.471±35.911）ms比（342.584±14.502）ms， P＜ 0.001］。认知障碍组和非认知障碍组的总 CSVD 评分高于对照组（P＜ 0.001），认知障碍组总 CSVD 评 分 高 于 非 认 知 障 碍 组（P＜ 0.001）。 相 关 分 析 显 示 MMSE、MoCA 评 分 与 P300 潜 伏 期（r=-0.768， P＜ 0.001；r=-0.824，P＜ 0.001）、总 CSVD 评 分 之 间（r=-0.816，P＜ 0.001；r=-0.896，P＜ 0.001）存 在 强负相关关系。当 P300-Cz 潜伏期为 348.4 ms 时，CSVD 患者诊断认知障碍的敏感度为 94.3%，特异 度为 83.1%。当总 CSVD 评分为 2 分时，CSVD 患者诊断认知障碍的敏感度为 82.9%，特异度 97.2%。 结论 P300 潜伏期、总 CSVD 评分可能是 CSVD 患者认知功能障碍的早期预测指标，且较 MMSE、MoCA 量表可能更客观地反映认知功能     

特发性震颤患者认知功能的特点

目的探讨特发性震颤(ET)患者认知功能的特点。方法用MMSE、韦氏智力量表(WAIS-R)、韦氏记忆量表(WMS-R)、事件相关电位等对25例ET患者(ET组)及22名健康对照者(对照组)的认知功能进行评估,并进行比较分析。结果 ET组WAIS-R评分的操作量表分、WMS-R评分的量表分、视觉再生及视觉再认评分显著低于对照组(均P0.05)。ET组Cz和Pz记录点事件相关电位的N2潜伏期和P3潜伏期较对照组明显延长(均P0.05)。Cz记录点N2潜伏期与MMSE、图片排列评分呈负相关(r=-0.494,P=0.027;r=-0.594,P=0.004),Pz记录点N2潜伏期与图片排列评分呈负相关(r=-0.575,P=0.005)。结论 ET患者存在认知功能障碍,主要表现为记忆力、操作能力以及信息处理速度方面。     

Contribution of auditory P300 test to the diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease

Abnormalities in auditory P300 test have been observed in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). We aimed to investigate whether or not additional electrophysiological tests assist in making the clinical diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease (PD-MCI), and we evaluated P300 changes in patients with non-demented PD and analyzed the correlation between the cognitive features and P300 changes. Twenty patients with PD who had been diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI group) according to the Movement Disorder Society (MDS) 2012 PD-MCI level II criteria, 21 patients with PD without cognitive impairment (PD-Normal group), and 20 control subjects (control group) who were neurologically normal were examined by the standard auditory oddball paradigm. The N100, P200, N200, and P300 latencies and N100-P200, P200-N200, and N200-P300 amplitudes were measured and analyzed. P300 latencies recorded from Fz, Cz, and Pz and N200 latency recorded from Fz were significantly longer in the PD-MCI group than in the PD-Normal and the control group (respectively p < 0.001, p = 0.041). P300 amplitude recorded from Fz was significantly lower in PD-MCI group than those in the other groups (p = 0.038). While P300 was obtained in all patients in the PD-Normal and the control group, it was lost in 35% of PD-MCI patients. The results show that P300 provides a diagnostic tool for detecting PDMCI. We suggest that P300 prolongation and loss of P300 potential could be used as supportive parameter in the diagnosis of PD-MCI.     

有暴力行为青少年事件相关电位N400的对照研究

目的：探讨有暴力行为青少年和正常青少年语言认知功能神经电生理的特点。方法：对我市未成年犯管教所服教的有暴力犯罪行为记录的51例男性青少年（暴力组）和40名既往无暴力犯罪行为记录的普通中学生（正常对照组）分别进行脑诱发电位N400的测定。结果：与对照组比较,暴力组N400Fz、Cz、Pz潜伏期明显延长（F=6.59、6.51、7.16,P均=0.00）,波幅显著降低（F=4.49、4.14、2.15,P〈0.05或P〈0.01）。结论：有暴力行为的男性青少年语言认知功能N400异常,提示可能存在语言认知功能的受损。     

Neurophysiological efficiency in male and female alcoholics

Chronic alcoholics often exhibit impairment in behavioral indicators of cognitive efficiency. However, potential neurophysiological correlates of this deficit are understudied. To examine this function, semantic expectancy was measured by recording the N400 component of the event-related potential (ERP), which is elicited by incongruent semantic information. Abstinent alcoholics, 21-45 days sober (n = 26; 12 males, 14 females), as well as age and education equated community controls (n = 26; 12 males, 14 females), were instructed to read silently 218 sentences ending with either congruent, related/incongruent, or unrelated/incongruent terminal words. Difference waveforms to the terminal word were derived, and amplitude and latency measures of the most negative peak between 300 and 600 ms were obtained. Electrode sites included the midline sites, Fz, Cz, and Pz; the temporal sites T3 and T4; and parietal sites P3 and P4. Significant group effects in amplitude were observed for the difference waveform under the unrelated/incongruent condition at T3, T4, and P4 (P < or = .05). Measures at P3, Pz, Fz, and Cz approached significance (P < or = .15). Although the overall pattern did not change when regression techniques were used to control for age, only the T4 site retained significance (P < or = .05). Across all electrode sites, alcoholics produced reduced N400 amplitudes relative to community controls. Latency was unaffected. There were no group effects for amplitude or latency measures in the related/incongruent condition. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that alcoholics suffer from a subtle deficiency in neurophysiologically based cognitive efficiency which renders them less likely to respond appropriately to irrelevant information.     

Correlations between neuropsychological test results and P300 latency during silent-count and button-press tasks in post-traumatic brain injury patients.

To evaluate the correlations between memory function and intelligence and event-related potential, the P300 component for different tasks was studied for 30 post-traumatic brain injury patients (mean age 31.6 +/- 13.7 years; 23 male and 7 female). Memory function, intelligence, and depression were measured by using the Mini-Mental State Examination, the revised Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale and the Self-Rating Depression Scale, respectively. P300 latency was measured during silent-count and button-press tests at three midline scalp (Fz, Cz, and Pz) sites for all subjects by using an auditory 'odd-ball' paradigm. Neuropsychological memory score was predicted by intelligence score, but neurophysiological P300 latency was predicted by memory score for the silent-count test and by intelligence score for the button-press test. These results show that the P300 event-related potential component is sensitive to the diverse nature of cognitive deficits in post-traumatic brain injury patients during different types of discrimination tasks. However, future research is necessary to replicate and extend these findings.     

Changes in p300 following two yoga-based relaxation techniques

Cyclic meditation (CM) is a technique that combines "stimulating" and "calming" practices, based on a statement in ancient yoga texts suggesting that such a combination may be especially helpful to reach a state of mental equilibrium. The changes in the peak latency and peak amplitude of P300 auditory event-related potentials were studied before and after the practice of cyclic meditation compared to an equal duration of supine rest in 42 volunteers (group mean age +/- SD, 27 +/- 6.3 years), from Fz, Cz, and Pz electrode sites referenced to linked earlobes. The sessions were one day apart and the order was alternated. There was reduction in the peak latencies of P300 after cyclic meditation at Fz, Cz, and Pz compared to the "pre" values. A similar trend of reduction in P300 peak latencies at Fz, Cz, and Pz was also observed after supine rest, compared to the respective "pre" values, although the magnitude of change in each case was less after supine rest compared to after cyclic meditation. The P300 peak amplitudes after CM were higher at Fz, Cz, and Pz sites compared to the "pre" values. In contrast, no significant changes were observed in the P300 peak amplitudes at Fz, Cz, and Pz after supine rest compared to the respective "pre" state. The present results support the idea that "cyclic" meditation enhances cognitive processes underlying the generation of the P300.     

不同症状的精神分裂症患者事件相关电位研究

目的研究以不同症状为主的精神分裂症患者的事件相关电位。方法对16例阴性症状为主、19例阳性症状为主、21例混合型未服药的精神分裂症患者和15例正常对照组，进行ERPsN200、P300测查。结果三组精神分裂症患者中P300波幅与正常对照组相比均明显下降，差畀具有显著性（P〈0．05），只有阴性组P300的潜伏期与正常对照组相比明显延长（P〈0．05）；三组精神分裂症患者中T3点P300波幅与T4相比下降更明显（P〈0．05）；相关分析发现，阴性量表分与Fz的P300潜伏期显著正相关（r=0．33，P〈0．05）。结论不同症状为主的精神分裂症可能有不同的神经生物学基础。     

Low frequency subthalamic stimulation and event-related potentials in Parkinson disease

BackgroundHigh frequency (130 Hz) subthalamic Deep-Brain-Stimulation (STN-DBS) optimally improves cardinal motor symptoms in Parkinson disease (PD). Low stimulation frequencies (60–80 Hz) improve axial symptoms in some patients and, according to preliminary evidences, may also have a beneficial effect on the cognitive component of motor planning.ObjectiveTo analyze the configuration of the P300 component of cortical event-related auditory potentials (ERPs), a reliable index of attentive cognitive functions, at different stimulation frequencies in STN-DBS in PD patients.Methods12 PD patients underwent ERPs recordings using a standard oddball auditory paradigm with STN-DBS at 60 Hz, 80 Hz, 130 Hz, and OFF-stimulation, applied in a randomized double-blind sequence. ERPs analysis considered the peak amplitude and latency of the P300 components at midline electrode positions (Fz, Cz, Pz).ResultsP300 latency over Cz and Pz electrodes significantly increased with STN-DBS at 130 Hz compared to OFF-stimulation. P300 latency was also significantly increased, though to a lesser degree, over Pz electrode with stimulation at 80 Hz. No significant P300 latency modifications were detected at 60 Hz stimulation compared to OFF-stimulation condition. P300 amplitude did not change significantly for any of the stimulation conditions tested.ConclusionsLow frequency STN-DBS is associated with minor modifications of P300 latency compared to conventional stimulation at 130 Hz, possibly suggesting that 60 and 80 Hz may have less interference with attentive and cognitive processes in PD patients.     

Latency variability of the components of auditory event-related potentials to infrequent stimuli in aging, Alzheimer-type dementia, and depression

Auditory event-related potentials (ERPs) were investigated in 15 demented (12 presumed Alzheimer's, 3 cerebrovascular), 8 depressed, and 15 normal older, and 12 normal young, subjects. Both latencies from conventional averages and latency variability measures from single trials were derived for the N100, P200, N200, and P300 components of the ERP recorded from Fz, Cz and Pz scalp placements in a task requiring detection of an infrequent target tone among a series of frequent non-target tones. The P300 component most consistently separated the groups. Demented subjects had longer P300 latencies and greater P300 latency variability than both control groups and the depressed group. Age differences were observed for P300 latency, but not for P300 latency variability. Amplitudes were not significantly different among the groups. Reaction times (RTs) to the targets were longest for the demented subjects and shortest for the young controls, with the depressed and normal older control groups falling in between. Correlations between RT and P300 latency from single trials did not differentiate the groups. Using regression analysis to evaluate the deviation of P300 latency and latency variability for the patients from the predicted values for normal controls, no misclassifications of depressed patients occurred, but only 27% of the demented individuals were correctly classified using P300 variability, and 13% using P300 latency. These findings indicate that ERP measures using the 'oddball' target detection paradigm were useful in describing group differences, but were not sufficiently sensitive to be used in differentiating demented persons on an individual basis for clinical diagnosis.     

P300 asymmetry in schizophrenia: a meta-analysis

P300 event-related brain potential (ERP) amplitude is smaller in patients with schizophrenia compared to unaffected controls, but whether left temporal component amplitude is also smaller is debated. The present study employed meta-analytical methods to quantitatively assess previous P300 schizophrenia asymmetry findings. All P300 articles on schizophrenia using an auditory oddball paradigm published before January 2000 were obtained by comprehensive literature searches and cross-referencing for related articles. A total of 19 original articles reporting complete midline electrode data and 11 articles reporting lateral asymmetry electrode data were reviewed, which included different independent conditions that yielded 50 independent data sets. P300 amplitude differences between patients with schizophrenia and control subjects from the midline electrodes yielded effect sizes that differed among recording sites, such that Fz was significantly smaller than Pz, with Cz effect sizes smaller than Pz but larger than Fz. Comparison of P300 amplitude from the lateral data for the T3 and T4 electrodes found no reliable effect size difference when these electrodes were analyzed separately. However, comparison of P300 amplitude effect sizes from the TCP1 was significantly larger than that from the TCP2 when these electrodes were analyzed separately. P300 amplitude is smaller overall in patients with schizophrenia compared to control subjects and differs in its effect size topography across the midline and temporal electrode sites, with the strongest effect sizes obtained for the Pz midline and TCP1 lateral electrodes.