关节镜下治疗前交叉韧带摩擦撞击症

回顾性分析关节镜下治疗膝关节股骨髁、胫骨嵴摩擦撞击前交叉韧带的疗效。方法对126例膝关节退行性骨关节炎关节镜下治疗,28例前交叉韧带磨损撞击者,镜下观察行膝关节清理、髁间窝扩大成形术、胫骨骨嵴摘除术。结果本组28例均获随访,随访时间12～16个月,平均18个月.术后关节功能明显改善。结论膝关节骨性关节炎部分股骨髁、胫骨嵴增生磨损前交叉韧带,关节镜手术应注意观察前交叉韧带磨损情况.手术处理后可获得良好效果。     

关节镜诊治股骨髁间窝撞击前交叉韧带

目的 :分析股骨髁间窝与前交叉韧带撞击对伸膝关节功能的影响。方法 :回顾本院骨科 1995年 3月～2 0 0 3年 1月 8例有股骨髁间窝与前交叉韧带撞击现象患者的关节镜下诊治及患者的恢复情况。结果 :8例患者的股骨髁间窝扩大后 ,疼痛均减轻或消失 ,伸膝范围加大。结论 :股骨髁间窝撞击前交叉韧带是引起屈膝畸形及伸膝疼痛不可忽视的原因之一 ,关节镜在诊断与治疗此病方面有其独特的优点。     

关节镜术诊断与治疗退行性股骨髁间窝前交叉韧带撞击症

目的 报道退行性股骨髁间窝前交叉韧带撞击症１６膝。作者对镜在本病诊断中的优点、分型及治疗方法进行探讨。方法 所有病人均合并骨性关节炎,主要表现为膝关节前部或定位不确定的钝痛、渐进性关节伸屈障碍和反复关节积液。关节镜术野良好,可动态检查前交叉韧带在运动中所受阻碍的情况,提高本病诊断率并有助于分型,关节镜下可将本病分为三型：磨损型、挤夹型、混合型。治疗采用关节镜下股骨髁间窝扩大成形术加镜下关节清理术。     

关节镜下同种异体韧带重建前交叉韧带的临床研究

目的探讨关节镜下应用同种异体肌腱重建膝关节前交叉韧带的近期和远期效果。方法自2002年1月～2003年1月,对7例前交叉韧带断裂患者(全部为男性,平均年龄42.0岁)应用深低温同种异体胫前肌腱重建断裂的前叉韧带,术后指导患者行功能锻炼。采取IKDC(国际膝关节评分委员会)功能评分、Lysholm评分、Tengner评分标准对患者术前,术后8个月,术后6年膝关节主观功能评分;采用KT2000在屈膝30°、90°,134N下分别测量患者术前,术后8个月,术后6年胫骨前后移动的距离。结果 7例均获随访,随访达6～7年,平均6.5年。患者术前与其他两组(术后8个月和术后6年)IKDC、Lysholm、Tengner评分比较,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。术后8个月、术后6年之间三种评分比较,差异均没有统计学意义(P0.05);KT2000屈膝30°、90°,134N下胫骨前后移动距离,术前和其他两组(术后8个月和术后6年)之间比较,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05),而术后8个月和术后6年之间比较,差异均没有统计学意义(P0.05)。所有患者无出现重建的前交叉韧带再断裂现象。结论同种异体肌腱能简单有效地重建膝关节前叉韧带。正确选取韧带和适当推迟康复进程是确保疗效的要点之一。     

关节镜下保留韧带残端的前交叉韧带重建

目的 评价保留韧带残端的前交叉韧带(ACL)重建的近期临床效果,探讨ACL胫骨残端在重建术后韧带化及膝关节本体感觉恢复过程中的作用.方法 2007年1月至2009年1月,对82例ACL断裂患者行关节镜下保留韧带残端的ACL单束重建,男53例,女29例;年龄18～41岁,平均28.2岁.受伤至手术时间为3周～22个月,平均3个月.82例患者均为ACL完全断裂,其中体部断裂77例,股骨起点断裂5例.术中病理检查观察韧带残端血管分布,尽可能保留韧带残端及表面滑膜鞘,重建的韧带自ACL残端中通过并被残留的滑膜鞘包裹.术后随访时通过Rolimeter试验检测膝关节前向稳定性,采用Lysholm膝关节评分、Tegner评分、国际膝关节文献委员会(IKDC)评分等评价术后疗效.结果 ACL残端病理检查显示残端韧带纤维间有血管分布,炎性细胞浸润,靠近胫骨止点处和新鲜损伤时血管分布较多.82例患者术后随访13～37个月(平均20个月).末次随访时,79例患者(96.3%)Lachman试验阴性.Rolimeter检查显示双侧膝关节前向松弛度差值由术前平均(7.3 ±2.6)mm减少至末次随访时(2.3 ±1.5)mm(t=1.981,P=0.023).Lysholm评分由术前平均(61.2 ±7.6)分改善至末次随访时(91.5 末4.5)分(t=2.915,P=0.002).Tegner评分由术前平均(3.7 ±1.4)改善至末次随访时(6.5±1.2)分(t=2.189,P:0.012).IKDC主观评分由术前平均(65.1±7.9)分改善至末次随访时(93.4±5.7)分(t=3.286,P=0.001).所有患者轴移试验检杏均为阴性,膝关节活动度正常.结论 保留牵张胫骨残端的ACL重建能够建立具有良好稳定性的膝关节,近期临床疗效良好.ACL胫骨残端组织有利于韧带的组织再血管化过程及本体感觉的恢复.     

膝关节前交叉韧带急性损伤早期关节镜下检查和手术治疗

目的 探索关节镜下早期微创修复与重建膝关节交叉韧带（ＡＬＣ）的方法。方法 对２３例ＡＣＬ急性完全断裂者施行了早期关节镜术。结果 １８例主前诊断相符;３你关节镜下明确诊断,２例发现断裂：观察到内侧副韧带断裂间接与直接损伤征象各２例。ＡＣＬ断裂病理类型：韧带体部断裂２１例,上、下止点撕脱各１例。２１例早期重建ＡＣＬ中,６例在关节镜下完成。结论 ＡＣＬ急性损伤早期施以关节镜手术,创伤小、诊断明确,可观察     

关节镜下膝关节前交叉韧带分束重建的临床研究

目的探讨关节镜下前交叉韧带（ACL）部分断裂的分束重建手术方法及近期疗效。方法在关节镜下对26例膝关节ACL部分断裂患者采用自体胭绳肌腱或同种异体肌腱进行分束重建术,观察其术后近期疗效,以Lysholm评分、Larson评分、IKDC评分评价膝关节功能。结果24例患者获随访,随访时间12～36个月,平均23个月,所有患膝关节活动度正常,平均Lysholm评分由术前（69±6．3）分提高到（92．4±2．6）分（t=17．5,P〈0．01）,Larson评分由术前（70±4．5）分提高到（93．2±2．5）分（t=23．0,P〈0．01）,IKDC评分由术前（67．3±6．4）分提高到（92．5±3．1）分（t=18．1,P〈0．01）,差异均有统计学意义;复查X线照片及MRI均未发现骨隧道扩大现象,未见关节间隙变窄及挤压螺钉松脱。结论根据ACL损伤的不同程度,进行关节镜下ACL分束重建手术操作简便,最大限度恢复解剖重建,功能恢复快,近期疗效佳。     

关节镜下人工韧带重建前交叉韧带的临床初步体会

目的探讨关节镜下应用LARS人工韧带重建前交叉韧带的可行性及近期疗效. 方法用法国产LARS人工韧带对16例前交叉韧带(anterior cruciate ligament,ACL)损伤行关节镜下ACL重建术.等距点钻胫骨、股骨骨道,将肌腱拉入骨道,韧带游离部分位于关节腔内,拉紧后2枚螺钉固定韧带,合并损伤同期处理. 结果手术时间51～86 min,平均64 min.术后无滑膜炎、韧带断裂、活动明显受限等并发症.16例均随访1.5～6个月,平均3.8月.按照IKDC评分标准:术前C级6例,D级10例;术后A级6例,B级9例, C级1例(χ2=6.264,P<0.05).Lysholm膝关节功能评分术前36～76分,(63.7±7.3)分;术后86～97分,(94.8±9.6)分(t=10.356,P<0.05). 结论关节镜下LARS人工韧带重建ACL,操作简便,可使膝关节获得即时稳定性,早期康复锻炼,最大限度的防止关节功能受限,近期疗效满意.     

关节镜下前交叉韧带重建术康复护理

关节镜下前交叉韧带重建术创伤小,出血少,恢复快.正确的术后康复护理对于手术效果至关重要.在术后早期给予患者康复锻炼和精心护理,使患者康复理想,减少并发症.     

关节镜下前交叉韧带袖套状保残重建的临床效果

目的:观察袖套状保留残端的关节镜下前交叉韧带重建的临床效果。方法:收集2012年1月至2014年12月于骨科就诊的42例前交叉韧带损伤患者,其中男17例,女25例,平均年龄28.4岁,平均受伤时间5.5周(2~12周)。采用关节镜下重建前交叉韧带,同时保留胫骨侧韧带残端,通过滑膜袖套恢复残端张力。治疗前及治疗后2、6、12个月采用Lachman试验、前抽屉试验对稳定性进行评价,术后12个月采用Lysholm评分和Tegner运动分级评价膝关节功能。治疗前和治疗后12个月行膝关节MRI检查。结果:术后2、6、12个月Lachman试验、前抽屉试验均为阴性。术前Lysholm评分37.8±7.1,Tegner评分2.1±0.4;术后12个月的Lysholm评分96.8±6.1,Tegner评分6.2±0.9,均高于术前。术后12个月复查MRI显示前交叉韧带显影良好。结论:关节镜下前交叉韧带袖套状保残重建可以获得良好的临床效果。     

Arthroscopic tightening of the anterior cruciate ligament

We present here the preliminary results obtained with arthroscopic tightening of the anterior cruciate ligament. Six patients underwent the technique. Four had had prior ligamentoplasty, two had sequelae of tibial spine fractures. Laxity persisted in all cases. The transplant or the ligament were continuous and insertion points were well-positioned. The procedure consisted in using a trephine to bore the tibial bone at the "foot" of the ligament or transplant in order to tighten the ligament. There was no evidence of instability after the arthroscopic tightening procedure. Mean pre- and postoperative differential anterior drawer values were successively 9.2 and 3.9 mm. For native or reconstructed anterior cruciate ligaments, which are continuous and well-positioned but not loose, arthroscopic tightening spares the need for ligament transplant and appears to be free of specific morbidity.     

Arthroscopic treatment of anterior ankle impingement syndrome in dancers

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the results of arthroscopic treatment of anterior bony and soft-tissue impingement of the ankle in elite dancers. METHODS: The study is a case series retrospectively reviewed. In the period between 1990 and 1999, 11 elite dancers (12 ankles) had ankle arthroscopy after a diagnosis of anterior ankle impingement that markedly interfered with their dancing. Initial nonoperative treatment failed in all subjects. Previous ankle trauma was noted in all subjects. There were seven women and four men (average age 28 years). Tibiotalar exostoses were radiographically noted in six ankles. Standard anteromedial and anterolateral arthroscopic portals and instrumentation were used for resection of bone spurs and debridement of impinging soft tissues. Patients were nonweightbearing for 5 days after surgery and had postoperative physiotherapy. RESULTS: Nine dancers returned to full dance activity at an average of 7 weeks after surgery. One patient did not return to dance performance because of concurrent unrelated orthopaedic problems, but he resumed work as a dance teacher; he developed a recurrent anterior tibial spur that was successfully resected at a second arthroscopy 9 years later. Another dancer developed postoperative scar-tissue impingement and stiffness; she had a repeat arthroscopy 4 months after the initial procedure and subsequently returned to dance performance. All patients eventually had marked postoperative improvement in pain relief and dance performance. CONCLUSIONS: Arthroscopic debridement is an effective method for the treatment of bony and soft-tissue anterior ankle impingement syndrome in dancers and has minimal morbidity.     

Arthroscopic reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament

Arthroscopic reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament was compared with reconstruction through a miniarthrotomy. The operation time was significantly longer with arthroscopy, but the Lysholm scores and activity levels were the same in both groups before and 1 year after the operation. There was no difference in quadriceps torque between the groups before surgery and at 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. The measured stability in 20 degrees of knee flexion was similar in both groups before, immediately after, and 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery. A slow increase in the laxity was noted. One of 20 ligaments ruptured in the arthrotomy group due to a new trauma. In the arthroscopy group, there was one rupture due to abrasion. During the follow-up, two cases in the arthroscopy group had synovitis, in one case leading to removal of the prosthesis. There seems to be no major benefit from arthroscopic reconstruction in terms of rehabilitation. The miniarthrotomy is preferred since the notch plasty is easier to perform adequately during it than during arthroscopy.     

Arthroscopic evaluation of anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions

Fourteen patients who underwent anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction, using fascia lata or patellar tendon, were examined arthroscopically at a mean time of 16 months following surgery. The postoperative care and rehabilitation program was standardized for all patients. Eleven of these 14 patients were recalled for a functional evaluation. Nine of these 11 patients were satisfied with the outcome of their reconstruction. Two patients complained of an occasional giving way of the knee. The arthroscopic findings were disappointing. Four patients appeared to have viable ligamentous structures in the intercondylar notch. Four patients had lax ligamentous tissue in the notch. In other cases, the notch was filled with varying degrees of amorphous scar tissue. The tissue was tested by palpation with a probe and with an anterior drawer test applied. The scar tissue did develop tension and give a firm end point to the drawer test. Other arthroscopic findings included instances of Grade II, III, and IV chondromalacia of the articular cartilage, adhesions, and capsular scarring not seen at the time of original surgery. While the patient satisfaction and functional results were generally good, we were disappointed with the arthroscopic findings. Based on the generally poor quality of the reconstructed tissue and the articular cartilage lesions, we have changed our surgical technique and postoperative regime.     

膝关节镜下自体腘绳肌腱移植重建前十字韧带部分束损伤

目的探讨关节镜下自体腘绳肌腱单束移植重建前十字韧带（anterior cruciate ligament,ACL）部分束损伤的临床效果。方法2007年1月至2010年5月关节镜下行自体腘绳肌单束重建ACL部分束损伤16例。术前Ly．sholm评分平均为55．4±6．7分。结果全部获得随访,随访时间为12～23个月,平均18±4．3个月。术后Lysholm评分增至平均89．3±3．3分,有统计学差异（P〈0．05）。所有患者主观症状均消失,全部恢复正常工作与体育锻炼。结论应用自体腘绳肌腱重建ACL部分束损伤明显改善膝关节功能。