Acute pancreatitis complicating anterior lumbar interbody fusion

Postoperative pancreatitis may occur following surgery in regions remote from the pancreas and the biliary tree. Though uncommon, it carries a high mortality rate. Pancreatitis complicating spinal surgery is extremely rare. This report describes a case of acute pancreatitis following an anterior lumbar interbody fusion and discusses the possible mechanisms of pancreatic cellular injury. Received: 17 May 1999/Revised: 6 December 1999/Accepted: 16 December 1999     

自体与同种异体组织重建膝关节前交叉韧带的临床对比研究

目的　观察自体与同种异体移植物关节镜下重建膝关节前交叉韧带 (ACL)的疗效与差异。方法　将 5 3例ACLⅢ度损伤患者随机分为自体组织移植组 (A组 ,n =2 5 )和同种异体组织移植组 (B组 ,n =2 8)。A组包括骨 髌腱 骨 15例 ,4股半腱肌腱或半腱加股薄肌腱重建 10例 ;B组包括骨 髌腱 骨 18例 ,6股半腱加股薄肌腱 4例 ,2股胫后肌腱 4例 ,跟腱骨重建 2例。两组患者术前、术后均行理学检查、Lysholm Tegner和IKDC膝关节综合功能评定及关节活动度测量仪 (KT 2 0 0 0 )检测。随访 12～ 31个月 ,平均 19个月。结果　手术前后两组各项指标有显著差异 (P <0 0 5 ) ;但两组间术后除B组手术耗时短和术后发热时间较长外 ,其它各项指标均无明显统计学差异 (P >0 0 5 )。两组术后健、患侧对比 ,胫骨前移小于 3mm分别达 88%和 86 % ;而 >5mm分别占 4 %和 7 1% ;感染率为 0 %和 3 5 %。结论同种异体与自体移植物重建ACL疗效相近 ,对多发韧带损伤、韧带重建翻修及中老年或运动量较少的患者 ,同种异体移植组织仍是重建ACL良好的替代物     

Outcome scores in degenerative cervical disc surgery

Forty-six consecutive patients with neck pain and arm radiculopathy were treated with anterior cervical discectomy and fusion. All patients had neurological symptoms corresponding to a herniated disc and/or spondylosis at one or two cervical levels, verified by magnetic resonance imaging. The patients were stabilized with an anterior graft and randomized to either fixation with a CSLP plate or no internal fixation. Preoperatively and 2 years postoperatively the patients filled in a questionnaire that included a modified Million Index, a modified Oswestry Index and the Zung Depression Scale. They were also asked to register their pain in the arm and in the neck on a vertical visual analogue scale (VAS). At the 2-year follow-up, an unbiased observer graded the patients’ clinical outcome using Odom’s criteria. A test-retest procedure was carried out to examine the questionnaire reproducibility. In the group that was operated at one level, there was no significant improvement in any of the scores. Nevertheless, 81% of the patients were satisfied with the outcome of the surgery. All scores improved in the group operated at two levels. The pain in the neck and arm, as measured on a VAS, decreased in both groups. The improvement in arm pain was significantly more pronounced in patients operated with a plate at two levels compared to those who were operated without a plate. At the 2-year follow-up, patients with an excellent or good result according to Odom’s criteria had a lower Million Index ¶(P < 0.0005), Oswestry Index (P < 0.0005), and Zung (P = 0.024) score, than the group classified as fair or poor. There was a significant correlation (P < 0.0001 for all scores) between the test and retest results. We conclude that the modified Million Index and Oswestry Index are clinically useful tools in the evaluation of outcome after degenerative cervical disc surgery. The clinical benefits of plate fixation were minimal. The outcome after surgery, measured with the Oswestry Index, Million Index and VAS for arm and neck pain, seems to correlate well with the classification of outcome by Odom.     

关节镜下同种异体胫前肌腱与自体腘绳肌腱重建前交叉韧带远期效果的比较

目的:对比同种异体胫前肌腱(tibialis anterior allograft,TAA)与自体腘绳肌腱(hamstring tendon autograft,HTA)重建前交叉韧带(anterior cruciate ligament,ACL)的10年随访临床疗效.方法:回顾分析2007年3月至2010年3月单束重...     

自体骨、同种异体骨和人工骨应用于颈前路椎间盘切除融合术的效果比较

目的：比较自体髂骨、同种异体骨和羟基磷灰石（hydroxyapatite,HA）人工骨在前路颈椎间盘切除融合术（anterior cervical discectomy and fusion,ACDF）应用的临床效果和影像学结果。方法：回顾性分析2015年1月～2019年12月于南方医科大学第三附属医院接受ACDF患者的临床资料。共纳入107例患者、164节段。根据使用的植骨材料不同分为自体髂骨组（37例、53个节段）、同种异体骨组（46例、70个节段）和HA人工骨组（24例、41个节段）。术前和末次随访时采用疼痛视觉模拟量表（visual analogue scale,VAS）评分、颈椎功能障碍指数（neck disability index,NDI）、日本骨科协会（Japanese Orthopedic Association,JOA）评分评估患者颈椎疼痛和功能情况。在颈椎矢状面X线片测量手术节段高度和矢状面参数[C2-C7矢状面轴向距离（SVA）和C2-C7 Cobb角],评估融合器下沉情况。根据Odom标准进行满意程度评估,采用Brantigan评分评估颈椎椎间融合状态,采用多...     

Biomechanical stability of five stand-alone anterior lumbar interbody fusion constructs

Anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF) cages are expected to reduce segmental mobility. Current ALIF cages have different designs, suggesting differences in initial stability. The objective of this study was to compare the effect of different stand-alone ALIF cage constructs and cage-related features on initial segmental stability. Human multi-segmental specimens were tested intact and with an instrumented L3/4 disc level. Five different ALIF cages (I/F, BAK, TIS, SynCage, and ScrewCage) were tested non-destructively in axial rotation, flexion/extension and lateral bending. A cage ‘pull-out’ concluded testing. Changes in neutral zone (NZ) and range of motion (ROM) were analyzed. Cage-related measurements normalized to vertebral dimensions were used to predict NZ and ROM. No cage construct managed to reduce NZ. The BAK and TIS cages had the largest NZ increase in flexion/extension and lateral bending, respectively. Cages did reduce ROM in all loading directions. The TIS cage was the least effective in reducing the ROM in lateral bending. Cages with sharp teeth had higher ‘pull-out’ forces. Antero-posterior and medio-lateral cage dimensions, cage height and wedge angle were found to influence initial stability. The performance of stand-alone ALIF cage constructs generally increased the NZ in any loading direction, suggesting potential directions of initial segmental instability that may lead to permanent deformity. Differences between cages in flexion/extension and lateral bending NZ are attributed to the severity of geometrical cage-endplate surface mismatch. Stand-alone cage constructs reduced ROM effectively, but the residual ROM present indicates the presence of micromotion at the cage-endplate interface. Received: 3 June 1999/Revised: 3 September 1999/Accepted: 8 September 1999     

Posterior lumbar interbody fusion combined with instrumented postero-lateral fusion: 5-year results in 60 patients

The technique of posterior lumbar interbody fusion allows decompression of the spinal canal and interbody fusion through one posterior incision. A number of techniques exist to achieve additional posterior stability. The literature reports wide variation in outcomes for these different techniques. We assessed retrospectively the clinical and radiological outcome of posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) supplemented with an instrumented postero-lateral fusion (IPLF) using a pedicle screw system. Between July 1987 and April 1997, 60 patients underwent PLIF + IPLF. Clinical outcome was measured with physical examination in the outpatient setting and a patient questionnaire (patient satisfaction, analgesic use, return to work, Oswestry Disability Index). Radiological outcome was assessed with serial radiographs. If doubt existed regarding fixation, flexion/extension radiographs and plain tomograms were performed. The mean age was 44 years (range 19–69 years). The average follow-up was 5.3 years (range 1–10 years). Eighty percent of patients returned sufficiently completed questionnaires; 83% of these patients rated their outcome as good or excellent. Fifty percent of patients were able to return to full-time employment. All patients showed radiographic evidence of stable fixation. Four patients sustained a neurological complication, three of which resolved completely. The combination of PLIF with IPLF demonstrates clinical success, a stable circumferential fixation and a low complication rate. Received: 26 May 1998/Revised: 27 August 1999/Accepted: 7 September 1999     

颈椎人工椎间盘置换术与颈椎前路减压融合术治疗双节段颈椎病的Meta分析

目的:系统评价前路颈椎人工椎间盘置换术(anterior cervical artificial disc replacement,ACDR)与前路颈椎减压融合术(anterior cervical decompression and fusion,ACDF)治疗双节段颈椎病的有效性与安全性。方法:计算机检索2016年5月1日以前Pub Med、Embase、Medline、Cochrane图书馆、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、万方数据库(Wanfang Database)、维普中文科技期刊数据库(VIP)关于应用ACDR与ACDF治疗双节段颈椎病的随机对照试验(randomized control Ied trials,RCT)及队列研究(cohort study)的文献,纳入文献的方法学质量采用改良Jadad量表及MINORS量表评价,提取各研究中术后24个月、48个月、60个月时的颈部功能障碍指数(NDI)评分、颈痛VAS评分、上肢痛VAS评分、SF-36评分、神经功能改善率、邻近节段椎间盘退变、再手术率、不良事件、患者满意度数据,并将这些研究的数据通过Review Manager 5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果:共纳入9篇文献、2570例患者,随访时间24~60个月,ACDR组1601例,ACDF组969例。纳入文献改良Jadad评4分3篇,3分4篇;MINORS评分18分2篇。Meta分析结果显示:术后24个月、48个月、60个月随访时,ACDR组的NDI[SMD=0.52;95%CI:(0.43,0.62),P0.00001]、颈痛VAS[SMD=0.19;95%CI:(0.10,0.29),P0.0001]、上肢痛VAS[SMD=0.15;95%CI:(0.06,0.25),P=0.002]、SF-36生理健康评分(PCS)[SMD=0.35;95%CI:(0.25,0.44),P0.00001]改善均优于ACDF组;神经功能改善率[RR=1.01;95%CI:(0.97,1.05),P=0.54]两组比较无统计学差异;两组上位椎间盘退变[RR=0.43;95%CI:(0.37,0.51),P0.00001]、下位椎间盘退变[RR=0.35;95%CI:(0.19,0.66),P=0.001]、再手术率[RR=0.30;95%CI:(0.23,0.40),P0.00001]、不良事件发生率[RR=0.72;95%CI:(0.58,0.89),P=0.003]、满意度[RR=1.08;95%CI:(1.04,1.11),P0.0001]比较差异均有统计学意义,ACDR组均优于ACDF组。结论:ACDR和ACDF治疗双节段颈椎病在改善神经功能方面一致,但在提高患者术后生活质量、减少手术相关并发症方面,前者优于后者。     

Odontoid fractures: high complication rate associated with anterior screw fixation in the elderly

This study is a retrospective analysis of patients older than ¶65 years with odontoid fractures. The series consisted of 29 consecutive patients with odontoid fractures (18 women, mean age 78, range 66–99 years). Twenty-six patients were neurologically intact, Frankel E, whereas three had neurological symptoms: two Frankel D and one Frankel C. Eleven patients were treated with anterior screw fixation according to Böhler, seven with a posterior C1–C2 fusion. Ten patients with either minimally displaced ¶fractures or with complicating medical conditions were treated conservatively. At follow-up, 7/7 patients with posterior fusion had healed without any problems, whereas ¶8/11 patients treated with anterior screw fixation, and 7/10 conservatively treated patients were either failures or had healed, but after a complicated course of events. We conclude that anterior screw fixation according to Böhler is associated with an unacceptably high rate of problems in the elderly. Probable causes may be osteoporosis with comminution at the fracture site, or stiffness of the cervical spine preventing ideal positioning of the screws. As non-operative treatment also often fails, the method of choice seems to be posterior C1–C2 fusion.     

颈椎间盘置换术与颈前路椎间融合术治疗双节段颈椎间盘退变性疾病疗效的Meta分析

目的 :系统评价颈椎间盘置换术(TDR)与颈前路椎间盘切除椎间植骨融合术(ACDF)治疗相邻两个节段颈椎间盘退变性疾病的疗效。方法:检索Pubmed、Medline、Embase等数据库,筛选应用两种手术方式治疗相邻两个节段颈椎间盘退变性疾病的前瞻性临床对照研究;各研究中观察组术式为TDR(TDR组),对照组术式为ACDF(ACDF组);两组病例数均不少于10例;随访时间均不少于2年;术后疗效评价指标至少包括以下指标中的一项:颈痛及上肢痛VAS评分(VAS),颈部功能障碍指数(NDI),健康调查简表SF-36评分(SF-36),术后不良事件(AE)等指标。采用Doowns-Black评分及NOS评分评价纳入研究的质量。结果:共纳入5篇英文文献,2篇为随机对照研究(RCT),3篇为前瞻性队列研究,研究质量Doowns-Black评分均在18分及以上,NOS评价前瞻性队列研究质量均为6星。共纳入593例患者,其中TDR组314例,ACDF组279例。经Meta分析合并效应指标,末次随访时颈痛VAS评分标准化均数差(SMD)及不良事件发生相对危险度(RR)两组比较无显著性差异(P0.05);TDR组上肢痛VAS评分、NDI评分、邻近上节段和下节段屈伸ROM、邻近节段退变低于ACDF组(P0.05),SF36-PCS躯体健康评分及手术节段屈伸ROM SMD高于ACDF组(P0.05)。结论 :相邻两个节段颈椎间盘退变性疾病行TDR的疗效较ACDF具有优势,安全性较高,但需要更多大样本随机对照研究以及更长时间的随访结果来验证。     

Combined injuries in the upper cervical spine: clinical and epidemiological data over a 14-year period

Concomitant traumatic injuries in the upper cervical spine are often encountered and rarely reported. We examined the data concerning 784 patients with cervical spine injuries following trauma, including 116 patients with upper cervical spine injuries. Twenty-six percent of patients with upper cervical spine injuries (31 cases) were found to have combined injuries involving either the upper or the upper and lower cervical spine. The frequent patterns were combined type I bipedicular fracture of the axis and dens fracture, and combined dens fracture and fracture of the posterior arch of C1. Other patterns posed specific problems, such as combined dens and Jefferson fracture and combined dens and C2 articular pillar fracture. Seventy percent of atlas fractures, 30% of C2 traumatic spondylolistheses and 30% of dens fractures were part of a combination. A total of 1.7% of patients with lower cervical spine injuries had a combined injury in the upper cervical spine. A comprehensive therapeutic schedule is outlined. Combined injuries in the upper cervical spine should be sought in any patient with a cervical spine injury. Received: 11 October 1999/Revised: 12 February 2000/Accepted: 1 March 2000     

Comparison of freeze-dried tibialis anterior allograft and four-strand hamstring autograft in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction

Purpose

The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes of the patients who underwent primary anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction surgery with either hamstring autograft or freeze-dried tibialis anterior allograft, which performed by the same surgeon using the same fixation technique.

自体与异体骨-髌腱-骨重建前交叉韧带临床疗效的比较

目的 比较自体与异体骨．髌腱-骨（B—PT-B）重建前交叉韧带（ACL）的疗效。方法 回顾性分析2002年2月至2006年1月采用B-PT-B术式重建ACL的患者187例,其中有完整随访资料共142例,其中男性93例,女性49例,年龄15～57岁（平均26岁）。按照异体和自体B—PT-B重建进行分组,其中自体组38例,异体组104例。术后随访时行X线和KT-1000检查,并按照IKDC、Lysholm、Irgang、Larson评分进行疗效评价。并采用分项评分对疼痛、肿胀和膝关节松弛度进行评估。结果142例患者随访时间6—43个月,平均24个月,所有患者随访时移植物位置良好,KT-1000检查双侧膝关节前向松弛度差值〈3mm。异体组：IKDC评分活动水平正常85例（81．7％）,Lysholm评分（82．8±8．5）分,Irgang（79．2±7．3）分,Larson（86．7±3．1）分。自体组：IKDC评分活动水平正常29例（76．3％）,Lysholm评分（84．6±9．5）分,Irgang（79．5±7．6）分,Larson（88．9±6．8）分。以上综合评分无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。分项评分中,疼痛评分：异体组（21．4±3．6）分,自体组（16．3±5．2）分（P=0．012）。肿胀评分：异体组（6．7±3．3）分,自体组（10．0±0．0）分（P=0．011）。关节稳定性评分：异体组（14．7±5．1）分,自体组（16．0±6．8）分（P=0．212）。结论 自体与异体B-PT-B重建ACL术后均可取得良好临床疗效。异体重建的总体临床效果接近自体重建,近期疗效预示其前景良好。     

The anatomic variability of human cervical pedicles: considerations for transpedicular screw fixation in the middle and lower cervical spine

Transpedicular screw fixation has recently been shown to be successful in stabilizing the middle and lower cervical spine. Controversy exists, however, over its efficacy, due to the smaller size of cervical pedicles and the proximity of significant neurovascular structures to both lateral and medial cortical walls. To aid the spinal surgeon in the insertion of pedicle screws, a number of studies have been performed to quantify the gross dimensions and angulations of the cervical pedicle. Notwithstanding these quantitative studies, there has been a conspicuous absence of research reporting the qualitative characteristics of the cervical pedicle. The purpose of our study was to provide comparative graphical data that would systematically document the anatomic variability in cervical pedicle morphology. Such information should better elucidate the complexity of the pedicle as a three-dimensional structure and provide the spinal surgeon with a more complete understanding of cervical pedicle architecture. Twenty-six human cervical vertebrae (C3–C7) from six fresh-frozen spines were secured to a thin sectioning apparatus to produce three 0.7-mm- thick pedicle slices along its axis. Radiographs taken of these pedicle slices were scanned, digitized, and traced to facilitate visual comparison. The pedicle slices were found to exhibit substantial variability in composition and shape, not only between individual spines and vertebral levels, but also within the pedicle axis. However, the lateral cortex was consistently found to be thinner than the medial cortex in all samples. These physical findings must be noted by surgeons attempting transpedicular screw fixation in the cervical spine. Received: 3 May 1999/Revised: 13 August 1999/Accepted: 21 August 1999     

Efficacy of multilevel anterior cervical discectomy and fusion versus corpectomy and fusion for multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy: a minimum 5-year follow-up study

Purpose

We evaluated radiologic and clinical outcomes to compare the efficacy of anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) and anterior corpectomy and fusion (ACCF) for multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM).

Methods

A total of 40 patients who underwent ACDF or ACCF for multilevel CSM were divided into two groups. Group A (n = 25) underwent ACDF and group B (n = 15) ACCF. Clinical outcomes (JOA and VAS scores), perioperative parameters (length of hospital stay, blood loss, operation time), radiological parameters (fusion rate, segmental height, cervical lordosis), and complications were compared.

Results

Both group A and group B demonstrated significant increases in JOA scores and significant decreases in VAS. Patients who underwent ACDF experienced significantly shorter hospital stays (p = 0.031), less blood loss (p = 0.001), and shorter operation times (p = 0.024). Both groups showed significant increases in postoperative cervical lordosis and achieved satisfactory fusion rates (88.0 and 93.3 %, respectively). There were no significant differences in the incidence of complications among the groups.

Conclusions

Both ACDF and ACCF provide satisfactory clinical outcomes and fusion rates for multilevel CSM. However, multilevel ACDF is associated with better radiologic parameters, shorter hospital stays, less blood loss, and shorter operative times.     

应用异体骨螺纹融合器行颈椎前路融合的疗效分析

目的:评价应用异体骨螺纹融合器(ATFC)行颈椎前路融合的疗效,观察融合器的转归。方法:20例患者行单间隙前路颈椎间盘切除减压后置入ATFC,并与20例植入自体髂骨(AICA)者对照。根据影像学资料,观察不同时期ATFC在体内的变化,测量椎间高度及节段前凸角改变,判断融合情况,并根据Odom标准评价临床疗效。结果:ATFC组与AICA组各有18例获随访,平均随访时间分别为3.5年与3.4。ATFC年组优良率77.8%,AICA组83.3%。ATFC组不融合率16.7%,AICA组11.1%,两组临床疗效及融合率比较差异无显著性。ATFC在术后2￣4个月破裂;年时大部分未被新生骨替代;年时部分被新生骨替代;年时仍未被完全替代。135ATFC组椎间高度平均丢失2.7mm,AICA组丢失1.4mm。ATFC组节段前凸角平均丢失4.5°AICA组丢失1.7°,。两组椎间高度及节段前凸角丢失比较差异有显著性意义(P<0.05)。结论:ATFC在体内的替代是一缓慢过程,其维持椎间高度及节段前凸能力较自体髂骨差。     

颈前路应用Zero-P椎间融合系统与钛板联合cage融合系统治疗颈椎病的Meta分析

目的:比较颈前路应用Zero-P椎间融合系统与钛板联合cage椎间融合系统治疗颈椎病的疗效与安全性。方法:通过计算机检索PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library、中国知网数据库2008年1月～2018年6月对比Zero-P椎间融合系统与传统钛板联合cage椎间融合系统治疗颈椎病的临床研究文献,按照纳入与排除标准选择文献,以纽卡斯尔渥太华评分(Newcastle Ottawa scale,NOS)对纳入文献进行质量评价,提取数据包括手术时间、术中出血量、术后吞咽困难发生情况、手术前后日本骨科协会(Japanese Orthopaedic Association,JOA)评分、颈椎功能障碍指数(neck disability index,NDI)、上肢痛视觉模拟评分(visual analogue score,VAS)、C3～C7Cobb角、融合率、邻近节段退变。使用Revman 5.3软件进行Meta分析,用固定效应模型或随机效应模型进行数据合并,计算比值比(odds ratio,OR)/标准化均数差(standardized mean difference,SMD)/危险度差值(risk difference,RD)和95%可信区间(confidence interval,CI)。以漏斗图判定发表偏倚。结果 :共有14篇文献总计1159例患者(Zero-P组546例患者,钛板组613例患者)纳入研究。文献质量评价6篇为9分,4篇为8分,4篇为7分。Meta分析结果显示,应用Zero-P椎间融合系统患者的手术时间[SMD=-0.60,95%CI(-0.73,0.46),P0.01]、术中出血量[SMD=-0.50,95%CI(-0.64,-0.37),P0.01]、术后吞咽困难发生率[RD=-0.09,95%CI(-0.14,-0.04),P0.01]及慢性吞咽困难发生率[RD=0.14,95%CI(0.06,0.31),P0.01]显著低于应用钛板联合cage椎间融合系统的患者。两组手术前后JOA评分、NDI、VAS评分、Cobb角、融合率及邻近节段退变无显著性差异(P0.05)。漏斗图显示无明显发表偏倚。结论:与应用钛板联合cage椎间融合系统相比,应用Zero-P椎间融合系统治疗颈椎病亦具有满意的疗效,且能显著减少手术时间、术中出血量,并减少术后吞咽困难发生情况,具有较高的安全性。     

颈前路椎体次全切除联合椎间隙减压融合内固定术治疗多节段颈椎病

【摘要】 目的：探讨颈前路椎体次全切除联合椎间隙减压融合内固定术治疗多节段颈椎病的疗效。方法：回顾性分析2002年3月～2012年1月采用颈前路椎体次全切除联合椎间隙减压融合内固定术治疗的32例多节段颈椎病患者资料,男20例,女12例;年龄48～76岁,平均52.32±5.73岁。脊髓型颈椎病26例,脊髓型合并神经根型颈椎病6例。病变累及3个节段29例,累及4个节段3例。术前JOA评分为8.07±1.82（5~11）分,颈前柱高度为67.29±2.63（61.98～73.01）mm,颈椎曲度C值为2.86±2.63[（-3.14）～8.42]。均行颈前路混合减压融合内固定术,其中脊髓主要受压节段采用椎体次全切除减压,脊髓次要受压节段行椎间隙减压。观察手术并发症情况及术后1周、6个月、12个月时JOA评分、颈前柱高度与颈椎曲度C值的恢复情况。结果：手术时间90～160min,平均105min;术中出血量100～350ml,平均200ml。术后1例出现饮水呛咳,术后2周恢复正常;2例出现声音嘶哑,经对症处理均于术后1个月内恢复正常。随访12～24个月,平均14.0±3.1个月。术后6～12个月均获骨性愈合,末次随访时无假关节形成和内固定松动或断裂。术后1周、6个月、12个月时颈前柱高度、颈椎曲度C值及JOA评分均较术前明显提高（P<0.05）。术后12个月JOA评分改善率为（68.38±11.07）%,按改善率评定手术疗效,优11例,良17例,好转4例。结论：颈前路椎体次全切除联合椎间隙减压融合内固定术是治疗多节段颈椎病一种安全、有效的方法。     

Haemangioblastoma of a cervical sensory nerve root in Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome

Spinal haemangioblastomas are rare, accounting for only about 7% of all central nervous system cases. The case of a 40-year-old woman with a haemangioblastoma arising solely from a cervical sensory nerve root is presented. At operation via a cervical laminectomy, it was possible to resect the tumour en masse with the sensory ramus, by extending the laminectomy through the exit foramen for C6. Haemangioblastomas are commonly intramedullary, and have only been reported in this location on one previous occasion. The patient has Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome and a history of multiple solid tumours. The possible role of the Von Hippel-Lindau tumour suppressor gene in the pathogenesis of these neoplasms is discussed. Received: 15 January 2000/Revised: 2 June 2000/Accepted: 14 June 2000     

Complications of anterior cervical discectomy and fusion using recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2

The use of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) in spinal fusion has increased dramatically since an FDA approval for its use in anterior lumbar fusion with the LT cage. There are several reports of its use in transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion, posterolateral fusion, and anterior cervical fusion. Reports on adverse effects of rhBMP-2 when used in spinal fusion are scarce in literature. An Institutional Review Board approved retrospective study was conducted in patients undergoing anterior spinal fusion and instrumentation following diskectomy at a single center. Forty-six consecutive patients were included. Twenty-two patients treated with rhBMP-2 and PEEK cages were compared to 24 in whom allograft spacers and demineralized bone matrix was used. Patients filled out Cervical Oswestry Scores, VAS for arm pain, neck pain, and had radiographs preoperatively as well at every follow up visit. Radiographic examination following surgery revealed end plate resorption in all patients in whom rhBMP-2 was used. This was followed by a period of new bone formation commencing at 6 weeks. In contrast, allograft patients showed a progressive blurring of end plate-allograft junction. Dysphagia was a common complication and it was significantly more frequent and more severe in patients in whom rhBMP-2 was used. Post operative swelling anterior to the vertebral body on lateral cervical spine X-ray was significantly larger in the rhBMP-2 group when measured from 1 to 6 weeks after which it was similar. These effects are possibly due to an early inflammatory response to rhBMP-2 and were observed to be dose related. With the parameters we used, there was no significant difference in the clinical outcome of patients in the two groups at 2 years. The cost of implants in patients treated with rhBMP-2 and PEEK spacers was more than three times the cost of allograft spacers and demineralized bone matrix in 1, 2, and 3-level cases. Despite providing consistently good fusion rates, we have abandoned using rhBMP-2 and PEEK cages for anterior cervical fusion, due to the side effects, high cost, and the availability of a suitable alternative.