DR双能量减影技术与螺旋CT对外伤性肋骨骨折诊断价值的比较分析

目的 探讨直接数字化X线摄影(digital radiography,DR)中双能量减影(dual-energy subtraction,DES)技术和螺旋CT在肋骨骨折中的诊断价值.方法 102例126处肋骨骨折患者行DR及SCT检查,将其螺旋CT及DES诊断结果与最后诊断结果进行对比分析.结果 DES对外伤性肋骨骨折的诊断正确率为93.33%,螺旋CT的诊断正确率为89.33%,二者比较,差异无统计学意义.螺旋CT对于外伤性肋骨骨折的诊断灵敏度为89.33%,特异度为84.31%,约登指数为0.736 4;DES对于肋骨骨折的诊断灵敏度为93.33%,特异度为92.16%,约登指数为0.854 9.结论 DES与螺旋CT对于胸部外伤性肋骨骨折诊断均有重要意义.     

多层螺旋CT及磁共振成像在重症急性胰腺炎患者腹壁受累诊断中对比研究

目的 探讨多层螺旋CT及磁共振成像（MRI）在重症急性胰腺炎患者腹壁受累诊断中的对比。方法 选择2022年5月至2023年5月安阳市第二人民医院、安阳市中医院收治的92例重症急性胰腺炎患者作为研究对象,分别对患者进行多层螺旋CT、MRI检查。将病理学结果作为金标准,分析多层螺旋CT、MRI对重症急性胰腺炎患者腹壁受累的诊断价值,比较多层螺旋CT、MRI对重症急性胰腺炎患者腹壁受累部位、深度检出率,分析重症急性胰腺炎患者腹壁受累多层螺旋CT、MRI的影像学表现。结果 经病理检查结果显示,重症急性胰腺炎患者出现腹壁受累的有42例,其中多层螺旋CT诊断重症急性胰腺炎患者腹壁受累的灵敏度为90.5%(38/42),准确度为93.5%(86/92);MRI诊断重症急性胰腺炎患者腹壁受累的灵敏度为95.2%(40/42),准确度为91.3%(84/92),2种检查方式诊断的灵敏度、准确度经对比,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;MRI对重症急性胰腺炎患者腹壁受累部位的检出率为90.5%(38/42),多层螺旋CT对重症急性胰腺炎患者腹壁受累部位的检出率为81.0%(34/42),经对比,差异...     

腹部CT扫描在急性胰腺炎及其并发症预测中的应用价值

目的探讨腹部CT扫描预测急性胰腺炎及其并发症的临床应用价值。方法选择我院2011年1月至2013年12月期间收治的急性胰腺炎患者共121例作为研究对象(观察组),并以同期来我院体检的健康受检者110名作为对照组。采用Philips HD15彩色多普勒超声诊断仪以及Philips MX8000双排螺旋CT机分别进行B超扫描和CT扫描诊断。观察比较不同诊断方法对预测急性胰腺炎以及其大出血、血管异常、胃底静脉曲张等并发症的诊断灵敏度和特异度,评价其诊断优良率。结果①应用CT扫描诊断急性胰腺炎的灵敏度为89.3%,特异度为90.9%,明显高于应用B超诊断的65.3%、52.7%,两者比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01);②应用CT扫描诊断急性胰腺炎大出血、血管异常、胃底静脉曲张等并发症的灵敏度分别为83.5%、86.8%、80.2%,而特异度分别为89.1%、86工4%、85.4%,均显著高于应用B超诊断的56.2%、59.5%、45.4%,53.6%、57.3%、44.6%,两者比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01);③CT扫描诊断的评定优良率为93.5%,也显著高于B超诊断的77.5%,两者比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论采用腹部CT扫描预测急性胰腺炎及其并发症,具有较高的诊断灵敏度和特异度,明显优于采用B超诊断,值得在临床上推广使用。     

磁共振成像联合螺旋CT诊断小儿细微性骨折研究

目的 分析磁共振成像（MRI）联合64排螺旋CT诊断小儿细微性骨折的准确率。方法 选定郑州市骨科医院2020年1月至2022年1月接诊的75例细微性骨折患儿，分别给予MRI、64排螺旋CT检查，将外科手术作为本次研究诊断金标准，比较MRI、CT、MRI+CT总检出率、诊断准确率、灵敏度及特异度，Kappa检验MRI、CT、MRI+CT与外科手术的一致性。结果 MRI+CT(96.0%)、MRI(92.0%)总检出率均高于CT(80.0%)，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。MRI+CT(98.7%、98.6%)、MRI(93.3%、94.5%)诊断准确率、灵敏度均高于CT(81.3%、82.2%),P<0.05,MRI+CT(100%)、MRI(50.0%)诊断特异度与CT(50.0%)比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）,Kappa检验CT与外科手术的一致性一般（Kappa值=0.60），差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）,MRI、MRI+CT与外科手术的一致性较好（Kappa值=0.77、0.79），差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 MRI、MR...     

超声评分和MRI诊断植入性凶险型前置胎盘的价值分析

目的应用超声评分法和MRI对植入性凶险型前置胎盘(pernicious placenta previa,PPP)进行探讨,分析其影像学表现及超声评分法和MRI对诊断植入性凶险型前置胎盘的临床价值。方法选取96例疑诊为PPP并合并胎盘植入住院患者的临床资料,术前均根据超声评分法及MRI检查对PPP作出诊断,将二者诊断结果与术中所见及术后病理检测结果相对比,同时根据超声评分分组,对各组术中出血量进行对比分析。结果经手术及病理确诊,96例患者中,72例诊断为PPP合并胎盘植入,未合并植入者24例,超声评分法对PPP并植入诊断灵敏度为80.6%,特异度为83.3%,正确率为81.3%,MRI检查PPP并植入诊断灵敏度为86.1%,特异度为75.0%,正确率为83.3%,两种方法的灵敏度、特异度、正确率差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05),胎盘植入评分不同组别间术中出血量的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对于孕晚期高度怀疑为植入性PPP的患者,超声评分法及MRI均有重要的诊断价值,两者可互为补充,且超声评分高低对预估术中出血量有重要意义。     

MRI、MRAr及CT对外伤性肩关节盂唇损伤伴骨折的诊断效能比较

目的 比较磁共振成像(MRI)、磁共振关节造影(MRAr)及CT对肩关节盂唇损伤伴/不伴骨折的诊断价值。方法 回顾性分析2017-04至2018-04就诊于解放军总医院第三医学中心的肩关节盂唇损伤伴/不伴骨折患者34例，行常规MRI、MRAr和CT检查，经关节镜手术证实是否有Bankart损伤、肩关节上盂唇(SLAP)损伤及骨折。分析MRI、MRAr、CT征象应用对病变的诊断价值，评价三种影像手段对诊断不同类型盂唇损伤的灵敏度、特异度及准确度。结果 34例(100%)有Bankart损伤，MRI诊断灵敏度94.12%,准确度94.12%;MRAr诊断灵敏度97.06%,准确度97.06%。30例(88.24%)合并SLAP损伤，MRI灵敏度53.33%,特异度22.22%,准确度58.82%;MRAr灵敏度93.33%,特异度66.67%,准确度94.12%。17例(50.00%)合并骨折，MRAr及MRI灵敏度均为52.94%;CT对诊断骨折灵敏度达94.12%,特异度94.44%。结论 MRAr对SLAP损伤的诊断效能显著优于常规MRI;MRAr结合CT,可以提高肩关节盂唇损伤伴骨...     

CT与彩色多普勒超声诊断急性胰腺炎合并脂肪肝的临床价值

目的 探讨CT与彩色多普勒超声诊断急性胰腺炎合并脂肪肝的临床价值。方法 选取我院收治的386例疑似急性胰腺炎合并脂肪肝患者,行CT检查及超声检查,分析检出情况及病情分级情况。结果 两种诊断方式在脂肪肝诊断差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),经血尿淀粉酶、脂肪酶化验、影像学表现,结合临床症状后发现,386例患者中368例为急性胰腺炎。CT扫描检查准确度、灵敏度及特异度分别为95.60%、96.49%、75.00%,超声检查准确度、灵敏度及特异度分别为96.63%、97.83%、72.22%,两者相比差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。结论 胰腺炎急性期伴有脂肪肝行CT与超声检查无明显差异,能够真实并且准确的反应疾病情况。     

增强CT及DWI序列对胰腺炎与胰腺癌的诊断分析

目的探讨增强CT及磁共振水分子扩散加权成像(DWI)序列对胰腺炎与胰腺癌的诊断价值。方法选取2014年1月~2016年1月院在我院治疗的胰腺癌患者52例,慢性胰腺炎患者58例,同时选取20例正常志愿者作为对照,将增强CT和DWI扫描诊断与病理结果进行比较分析。结果增强CT诊断灵敏度88.46%,特异度84.48%,阳性预测值83.64%,阴性预测值89.09%;DWI扫描诊断灵敏度84.62%,特异度82.76%,阳性预测值81.48%,阴性预测值85.71%;胰腺癌胰腺期CT值为(55.37±10.17)HU,明显低于胰腺炎和正常胰腺胰腺期CT值(P0.05);胰腺炎与正常胰腺胰腺期CT值差异无统计学意义(P0.05);胰腺癌、胰腺炎和正常胰腺平扫CT值差异无统计学意义(P0.05);胰腺癌平均表观弥散系数(ADC)为(1.420±0.102)×10-3mm2/s,明显高于胰腺炎和正常胰腺(P0.05);胰腺炎ADC为(1.076±0.101)×10-3mm2/s,明显低于正常胰腺(P0.05)。结论 CT增强扫描与MRI DWI序列在胰腺炎与胰腺癌的鉴别诊断上,有较好的临床应用价值。     

多层螺旋CT检查早期胃癌临床价值分析

目的探讨早期胃癌诊断中多层螺旋CT检查的价值。方法选取80例疑似早期胃癌患者为探索对象,对其实施多层螺旋CT检查,以病理学检查结果为金标准,分析CT检查的准确率。结果多层螺旋CT对胃底贲门癌诊断正确率为62.50%,对胃体癌诊断正确率为90.91%,对胃窦癌诊断正确率为50.00%,对贲门癌诊断正确率为55.56%;对隆起型(Ⅰ型)胃癌诊断正确率为92.31%,对表浅型(Ⅱ型)诊断正确率为47.50%,对凹陷型(Ⅲ型)诊断正确率为70.0%。同时多层螺旋CT对胃癌患者敏感度、特异度、漏诊率分别为60.32%、52.94%、39.68%。结论多层螺旋CT在早期胃癌患者诊断中大有较大的帮助,对临床的治疗有重要的价值。     

18F-FDG PET/CT与3.0T MRI联合显像在乳腺癌原发病灶诊断中的价值

目的 探讨18F-FDG PET/CT与3.0T MRI联合显像在乳腺癌原发病灶诊断中的价值。 方法 对38例临床怀疑为乳腺癌的女性患者于一周内分别行18F-FDG PET/CT、3.0T MRI和病理学检查。 结果 组织病理学检查结果证实,全部患者中,24例为乳腺癌患者,14例为乳腺良性肿瘤患者。3.0T MRI诊断乳腺癌的灵敏度、特异度、准确率分别为91.7%、78.6%、86.8%;PET/CT诊断乳腺癌的灵敏度、特异度、准确率分别为87.5%、92.9%、89.5%;PET/CT和3.0T MR联合显像诊断乳腺癌的灵敏度、特异度、准确率分别为100.0%、92.9%、97.4%;3种显像方法间灵敏度、特异度、准确率差异无统计学意义（χ2=2.987、1.612和2.955,P均＞0.05）。 结论 18F-FDG PET/CT和3.0T MRI联合显像在乳腺癌原发病灶诊断中具有重要价值;但与单独18F-FDG PET/CT和3.0T MRI显像比较,3种显像方法在乳腺癌原发病灶的诊断效能上差异无统计学意义。     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.