多层羊膜移植治疗基质坏死型单纯疱疹病毒性角膜溃疡

目的 探讨多层羊膜移植联合抗病毒药物和糖皮质激素治疗基质坏死型单纯疱疹病毒性角膜炎（HSK）的临床疗效。方法 选择2003年1月至2004年4月在山东省眼科研究所青岛眼科医院就诊的13例（13只眼）基质坏死型HSK患者,病程为3～22个月,平均15个月。经过系统的局部及全身抗病毒药物治疗1周以上,角膜炎性反应迁延不愈,角膜溃疡有继续扩大或向深基质发展趋势。利用角膜刮片镜检、坏死组织培养或共焦显微镜检查排除细菌或真菌感染,行多层羊膜移植手术,术后联合抗病毒药物和糖皮质激素滴眼液进行治疗。裂隙灯显微镜观察角膜溃疡愈合和基质水肿消退情况,荧光素钠染色观察角膜上皮的愈合情况,共焦显微镜检查角膜上皮和羊膜的转归情况。随访时间3～13个月,平均10个月。结果 术后1～3周,13例患者角膜溃疡愈合,荧光素钠染色阴性;术后1个月,角膜基质水肿完全消退。术后7～10d,表层大羊膜均发生自溶或脱落;内层羊膜紧贴角膜溃疡面,并逐渐溶解吸收,最长在位时间达到术后3个月。共焦显微镜检查仍可见羊膜组织结构,其上有扁平的角膜样上皮细胞覆盖。术后3个月时,7例角膜恢复透明,4例形成角膜斑翳,2例形成角膜白斑,眼表恢复稳定。在随访期内13例患者均未见HSK复发。结论 多层羊膜移植联合抗病毒药物和糖皮质激素是治疗基质坏死型HSK的一种有效方法。     

Acute idiopathic corneal endotheliitis

Seven patients presenting with acute corneal stromal edema without prior surgery, trauma, ocular disease or known exposure to noxious agents are reported. One patient had a severe iridocyclitis; two others subsequently developed herpetic keratouveitis. Four cases, however, were unassociated with other known ocular disease. All four of these patients exhibited keratic precipitates and displayed minimal or no flare and cells in the anterior chamber, although the latter was largely obscured by the corneal edema. In each of these four instances, the inflammation and corneal edema resolved following topical corticosteroid therapy. In two of the four cases, both children, antibody to Herpes simplex virus could not be identified. We suggest that, in patients without known prior corneal disease or trauma, acute diffuse corneal stroma edema may stem from severe iridocyclitis or a primary endotheliitis due either to herpetic infection, the recently described presumed autoimmune corneal endotheliopathy, or a condition which we herein designate acute idiopathic corneal endotheliitis.     

Outcome of primary adult optical penetrating keratoplasty with imported donor corneas

Purpose To evaluate the outcome of primary adult optical penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) performed with internationally acquired donor tissue. Patients and methods A retrospective review was performed of the medical records of every patient 12 years of age or older who underwent PKP for keratoconus, corneal edema, stromal scarring, or stromal dystrophy at King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia between January 1, 1997 and December 31, 2001, and for whom a minimum of 3 months’ follow-up was available. Results Of 885 eyes that met the inclusion criteria, there were 453 eyes with keratoconus, 180 eyes with corneal edema, 171 eyes with stromal scarring, and 81 eyes with stromal dystrophy. For the entire group, the probability of graft survival was 96.9% at 1 year, 86.0% at 3 years, and 80.3% at 5 years. The 5-year probability of graft survival was 96.2% for keratoconus, 39.4% for corneal edema, 71.1% for stromal scarring, and 85.2% for stromal dystrophy. Increasing donor age was significantly associated with an increased risk of graft failure on multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analysis (P = 0.005). Endothelial cell density, death-to-preservation time, and preservation-to-surgery time were not significantly associated with an increased risk of graft failure. Conclusions In our patient population, excellent graft survival was achieved utilizing internationally acquired donor tissue for eyes with keratoconus, stromal dystrophy, and stromal scarring, but not for those with corneal edema.     

The corneal penetration of trifluorothymidine, adenine arabinoside, and idoxuridine: a comparative study.

Trifluorothymidine (F3TdR) and idoxuridine (IDU) were observed to penetrate through the cornea from the epithelial side at a greater rate than adenine arabinoside (ARA-A) during in vitro corneal perfusions. Removal of the epithelium increased the rate of penetration of F3TdR and IDU by about twofold and the rate of ARA-A penetration by fivefold. The kinetics of antiviral penetration did not display saturation points at high antiviral concentrations, thus indicating that these three antiviral drugs penetrate the cornea by nonfacilitated diffusion. The sole breakdown product detected following F3TdR penetration in vitro, in situ, and in controls was 5 carboxy-2'-deoxyuridine (5-COOH-2'-dUd). The sole breakdown product isolated during ARA-A penetration experiments was hypoxanthine arabinoside (ARA-HX), and control experiments indicated that ARA-A was stable at pH 7.6. IDU was degraded to 2'-deoxyuridine (dUd) in control experiments, but during corneal penetration experiments IDU was degraded to a mixture of dUd and iodouracil (IU).     

A case of noninflammatory corneal edema following anterior-posterior radial keratotomy successfully treated by topical steroids

BACKGROUND: Corticosteroids seems to affect the functions of corneal endothelial cells directly in addition to its anti-inflammatory effect. CASE: A 69-year-old male presented with left blurred vision and decreased visual acuity in both eyes. He had undergone anterior-posterior radial keratotomy for myopia in both eyes 40 years before. Both eyes showed mild corneal stromal edema in the pupil area. We diagnosed the condition as corneal edema secondary to cell loss and dysfunction of corneal endothelium after surgery. The stromal edema further advanced in the left eye one month later. The corneal thickness increased from the initial value of 619 to 631 microns. The corrected visual acuity decreased from 0.5 to 0.06. There were no signs suggesting inflammatory reaction. The left eye was then treated with topical corticosteroids as eye-drops and by subconjunctival injection. The corneal thickness decreased to 546 microns two months later with improvement of visual acuity to 0.5. CONCLUSION: This case illustrates that topical corticosteroids may be effective for corneal edema through their anti-inflammatory effect and possible activation of the endothelium.     

In vivo confocal microstructural analysis and surgical management of Brown-Mclean syndrome associated with spontaneous crystalline lens luxation

We report 3 members of an extended family who presented with bilateral peripheral corneal edema consistent with Brown-McLean syndrome. On clinical examination, all eyes demonstrated normal central corneas and marked peripheral edema. In vivo confocal microscopy of the peripheral cornea highlighted similar observations in the 6 eyes including endothelial pigmentation, masked stromal structure due to edema, prominent nerves, and localized basal epithelial edema. In the central cornea, in vivo confocal microscopic observations highlighted large cellular structures with prominent nuclei in groups consisting of several cells of similar appearance. In vivo confocal microscopy may enhance the diagnosis of Brown-McLean syndrome and may be used for dynamic evaluation and postoperative follow-up of the structural corneal changes.     

白内障超声乳化吸出术后角膜水肿的临床分析

目的：探讨白内障超声乳化吸出术后角膜水肿的原因和防治方法。方法：观察11眼超声乳化术后角膜情况，分析角膜水肿原因并讨论处理和预防措施。结果：术后早期87．39％角膜水肿，其中内皮线状浑浊52．2％，内皮点片状浑浊15．32％，角膜基质弥漫水肿19．8％，结论：角膜水肿与多因素有关，避免角膜内皮损伤，主要应以预防为主。     

A case of noninflammatory corneal edema following anterior-posterior radial keratotomy (Sato's operation) successfully treated by topical corticosteroid

BACKGROUND: Corticosteroids seem to affect the functions of corneal endothelial cells directly in addition to their anti-inflammatory effect. CASE: A 69-year-old man presented with blurred vision in his left eye and decreased visual acuity in both eyes. He had received anterior-posterior radial keratotomy for myopia in both eyes 40 years earlier. OBSERVATIONS: Both eyes showed mild corneal stromal edema in the pupil area. We diagnosed the condition as corneal edema secondary to cell loss and dysfunction of corneal endothelium after surgery. One month later, the stromal edema was further advanced in the left eye. Corneal thickness had increased from the initial value of 619 microm to 631 microm, and corrected visual acuity had decreased from 0.5 to 0.06. There were no signs suggesting inflammatory reaction. The left eye was then treated with topical corticosteroid eyedrops and subconjunctival corticosteroid injection. Two months later, corneal thickness had decreased to 546 microm and visual acuity had improved to 0.5. CONCLUSIONS: This case shows that topical corticosteroids may be effective in treating corneal edema by producing an anti-inflammatory effect and possibly activating the endothelium.     

综合治疗病毒性角膜内皮炎的临床效果和形态学分析

目的：观察糖皮质激素联合抗病毒药物综合治疗病毒性角膜内皮炎的临床效果和角膜内皮形态学的变化,并探讨治疗方案的安全性。

方法：回顾性分析2014-01/2015-12就诊于西安市第四医院的48例48眼病毒性角膜内皮炎患者的发病诱因、病史和临床表现,采用自身对照研究,比较糖皮质激素联合抗病毒药物综合治疗后3mo患者的治愈率、复发情况和角膜内皮形态学的变化。

结果：病毒性角膜内皮炎发病诱因较多,患者均有眼红、眼疼、畏光、流泪和视力下降、视物模糊等症状,临床表现包括视力下降、结膜睫状充血或混合充血、角膜水肿,可有角膜上皮小水泡、后弹力层皱褶、灰白色或羊脂状KP、眼压升高、虹膜后粘连,反复发作者发生角膜大泡。治疗1mo有效率达100%,治愈率达88%,且未见复发病例; 治疗2mo有效率和治愈率达100%,共1眼(2%)复发; 治疗3mo共2眼(4%)复发。治疗3mo后治疗组的细胞计数(t=2.952,P=0.004)和OCT角膜厚度(t=2.584,P=0.011)均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义; 治疗组的细胞多形性变异率(45.85%±6.29%)高于对照组(40.62%±5.16%),差异有统计学意义(t=4.458,P<0.001)。治疗前治疗组的视力差于对照组,差异有统计学意义(Z=-5.766,P<0.001); 治疗后治疗组的视力恢复到0.20(0.10～0.40)LogMAR,治疗前后差异有统计学意义(Z=-6.089,P<0.001)。

结论：病毒性角膜内皮炎的临床表现和病因复杂多样,应用抗病毒药物和糖皮质激素联合治疗,能够取得良好疗效,但是治疗后角膜内皮计数和角膜厚度减少,为治疗的安全性提出了更高的要求。     

重症单纯疱疹病毒性角膜炎延误治疗原因和综合治疗效果分析

目的 分析重症单纯疱疹病毒性角膜炎延误治疗原因及综合治疗效果。设计 回顾性病例系列。研究对象2008年9月至2010年12月北京协和医院眼科就诊的重症单纯疱疹病毒性角膜炎患者100例（102眼）。方法 对研究对象中具有完整既往诊治资料的患者52例（53眼）进行回顾性分析,调查内容包括既往诊治时间、既往诊断及治疗情况,分析延误治疗的可能原因。对所有100例（102眼）患者视病情应用口服更昔洛韦0.5~1.0 g 每日3次,联合局部更昔洛韦眼用凝胶每日4次抗病毒治疗,并结合患者个体病程、病损情况联合应用0.1％氟米龙滴眼液每日3~6次或口服泼尼松龙20~30 g每日1次;视病情联合应用复方托吡卡胺滴眼液每日1~3次;角膜存在溃疡、角膜上皮不完整者,预防性应用抗生素滴眼液每日3次;所有病例联合人工泪液及角膜保护剂治疗。治疗前与治疗后1、2及4周随访,评价治疗有效率与治愈率。主要指标 延误治疗的可能原因,视力,睫状充血、角膜浸润、角膜混浊、角膜水肿、角膜后弹力层皱褶以及角膜后沉着物的评分,治疗有效率与治愈率。结果 12例（23.08%）患者误诊为单纯虹膜炎仅应用糖皮质激素而未予抗病毒药物治疗,其中2例误诊为单纯虹膜炎伴角膜带状变性,另有1例误诊为虹膜角膜内皮综合征。32例（61.54%）患者未明确诊断角膜炎类型,其中24例（75%）患者仅应用抗细菌未应用抗病毒药物。伴有虹膜炎症、小梁网炎症的患者24例（66.67%）,未用糖皮质激素及睫状肌松弛剂。1例伴小梁网炎继发性眼压升高患者予毛果芸香碱眼液每小时1次点眼。应用系统综合治疗前的平均视力为0.29±0.40,治疗后1、2、4周的平均视力分别为0.34±0.41、0.42±0.42和0.56±0.45,与治疗前相比均有显著性差异（t=6.153,7.275,9.220,P均=0.000）。治疗后1、2、4周与治疗前相比,睫状充血、角膜浸润、角膜混浊、角膜水肿、角膜后弹力层皱褶以及角膜后沉着物的评分均有明显好转（F=231.543,136.700,106.031,58.323,19.183,60.590;P均=0.000）。治疗后随访1年,4例（3.92%）复发,3例（2.94%）病情控制情况下角膜变薄,未见其他不良情况。结论 重视原发病诊断以及综合治疗是有效治疗重症单纯疱疹病毒性角膜炎的重要保证。     

Diagnosis and management of herpes simplex ocular infection.

The multifaceted nature of ocular herpes simplex has become more clearly defined in recent years, as it has become apparent that it is a disease characterized by both infectious and immune components. Therapy Therapy of infectious epithelial dendritic-geographic disease is generally gentle debridement of the ulcer followed by antimetabolite chemotherapy with IDU or Ara A. Tropic (metaherpetic) ulceration may occur postinfection and is caused by sterile basement membrane damage, which makes it difficult for the epithelium to heal across the damaged ulcer base. Therapy is generally that of recurrent erosion and involves patching, soft contact lenses, and lubricating drops and ointments. Stromal disease may be (1) viral interstitial keratitis, which is slowly responsive to antiviral therapy, or (2) immune disciform reaction, which may or (hopefully) may not necessitate steroid therapy with prophylactic antiviral and antibiotic cover. Herpetic iritis may occur alone or with any form of corneal disease. While it is generally felt to be caused by intact intraocular virus, therapy is still steroid-oriented for lack of more effective and penetrating antiviral drugs. Antimetabolite-induced medicamentosa may mimic almost any form of herpetic disease and should be ruled out in any differential diagnosis of a patient deteriorating under therapy.     

Sutureless combined 25-gauge vitrectomy, phacoemulsification, and posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation for management of uveitic cataract associated with posterior segment disease

PURPOSE: To report visual outcomes and complication rates associated with one-stage surgery for the management of uveitic cataract associated with posterior segment disease. METHODS: In this interventional case series, 19 eyes (19 patients) with posterior segment involvement due to chronic uveitis underwent sutureless scleral tunnel incision phacoemulsification combined with total vitrectomy using 25-gauge instruments and posterior chamber intraocular lens (PC-IOL) implantation. Membrane peeling and endolaser photocoagulation were performed when indicated. Outcome measures were visual acuity, inflammatory activity, macular edema, and complications of surgery. RESULTS: After a minimum 12-month follow-up, visual acuity was >or=20/100 in 12 eyes (63.2%); 6 eyes (31.6%) had visual acuity of >or=20/40. A decrease in postoperative inflammatory activity of 1 grade was observed in 8 eyes (42.1%). Sixteen eyes had cystoid macular edema before surgery; and 12 eyes had cystoid macular edema after surgery. Early postoperative complications included the following: transient corneal edema, 10 eyes (50.3%); fibrin reaction, 3 eyes (15.8%), and posterior synechiae, 9 eyes (47.3%). Glaucoma was the most common late postoperative complication (3 eyes [18.8%]). Nine eyes (47.4%) needed YAG laser capsulotomy during the first year. CONCLUSION: Sutureless combined 25-gauge total vitrectomy, phacoemulsification, and PC-IOL implantation may be well tolerated with an acceptable complication rate for selected uveitic eyes with significant cataract and coexisting posterior segment disease for restoring useful vision.     

Metaherpetic keratitis clinical and virological findings (author's transl)]

2,277 specimens from 901 eyes were cultured for herpes simplex virus (HSV). 161 of 391 herpes-diseased eyes yielded HSV. The clinico-virological correlation led to a simple diagnostic and therapeutic scheme which is applicable by the ophthalmologist in his office without virological confirmation: 1. Superficial viral herpes (dendritic keratitis and allied disorders), HSV-isolating rate 96%. 2. Stromal herpes (disciform edema, different types of interstitial herpetic keratitis), only sporadical findings of HSV in the lacrimal fluid. The rate of virus-recovery increases, however, when an interstitial herpetic keratitis ulcerates. 3. Metaherpetic corneal disease = chronic or chronic recurrent superficial postherpetic disease without any detectable HSV-activity (main types: metaherpetic erosion, metaherpetic ulcer, metaherpetic bullous keratopathy). One of four superficial herpetic corneal diseases proved to be nonviral, i.e. metaherpetic in our series. Metaherpetic diseases may be widely considered as a therapeutic entity. The differential diagnosis with the slitlamp only and the proposed therapy (highly hydrophilic soft lenses plus adequate additional eye drops) are discussed in detail. Being aware of the diagnostic criteria and taking advantage of a combined soft lens therapy the treatment of metaherpetic corneal disease is easier and more successful than commonly accepted.     

Bilateral herpetic keratoconjunctivitis

PURPOSE: To review the clinical characteristics and visual outcomes of patients with bilateral herpetic keratitis. DESIGN: Retrospective, noncomparative, observational case series. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective review of medical records of 544 patients with herpes simplex virus (HSV) eye disease treated between January 1996 and September 2001 was performed at the Department of Ophthalmology, University of Minnesota. Seven patients (1.3%) with bilateral herpetic keratoconjunctivitis were identified. RESULTS: In these seven patients, the age at the initial onset of corneal disease ranged from 7 weeks to 46 years, with a median of 18 years and a mean of 19.3 years. Five patients had systemic atopy, and two patients had severe ocular rosacea. Systemic immune disorders were noted in two patients. Recurrent blepharoconjunctivitis was noted in 8 eyes (57%), epithelial keratitis in 12 eyes (85.7%), stromal keratitis in 9 eyes (64.3%), necrotizing stromal keratitis in 5 eyes (35.7%), and progressive endotheliitis in 2 eyes (14.2%). Corneal complications included opacification, neovascularization, and corneal thinning or perforation. Penetrating keratoplasty was performed in 1 eye, in which endophthalmitis subsequently developed and which required enucleation. Four patients with continued use of oral antiviral prophylaxis (acyclovir 400 mg twice daily) since September 1999 showed significant decreases in recurrence. The average remission in these four patients was 1.7 years. The visual acuity at the last follow-up was 20/40 or worse in 6 eyes (42.8%). CONCLUSIONS: In contrast to unilateral HSV keratitis, our patients with bilateral herpetic corneal infections had underlying atopy or immune deviations and evinced more protracted clinical courses. Long-term prophylactic antiviral treatment has reduced the incidence of recurrence in this group of patients.     

多层新鲜羊膜移植对基质坏死型单纯疱疹病毒性角膜溃疡的疗效观察

目的:观察多层新鲜羊膜移植联合抗病毒药物和糖皮质激素治疗基质坏死型单纯疱疹病毒性角膜溃疡的临床疗效。方法:选择本院2002-10/2009-10住院确诊此病的患者18例18眼,经局部及全身系统抗病毒治疗1wk以上,角膜溃疡迁延不愈,甚至有扩大、加深趋势,予行多层新鲜羊膜移植覆盖手术,术后联合抗病毒药物和糖皮质激素治疗。结果:术后18例患者角膜溃疡愈合,其中8例患者角膜恢复透明,10例患者角膜形成局限性斑翳或白斑。其中1例溃疡穿孔的患者,行羊膜移植术后,溃疡愈合,但形成瘢痕,视力低下,1a后予行角膜移植。结论:多层新鲜羊膜移植联合抗病毒药物和糖皮质激素是治疗基质坏死型单纯疱疹病毒性角膜溃疡的一种简单、经济、有效增视性治疗方法,可让患者恢复部分视力或保持角膜完整性,为角膜移植争取了机会。     

Penetrating keratoplasty in rabbits induces latent HSV-1 reactivation when corticosteroids are used

The increased incidence of corneal graft failure in patients with herpes simplex virus (HSV) keratitis may be due in part to reactivation of latent HSV following surgical corneal trauma and postoperative corticosteroid therapy. To determine the onset, frequency, and nature of HSV recurrences following penetrating keratoplasty (PKP), 21 HSV type 1 (HSV-1) latently infected rabbits underwent unilateral autograft PKP. Opposite unoperated eyes served as HSV-1 latently infected controls. Corneal autografts were performed so that immunologic graft rejection would not be confused with recurrent HSV-1 stromal disease. After PKP, 11 of the 21 eyes were treated with dexamethasone. Ocular cultures and slit-lamp examinations were performed daily for the first postoperative 8 days and every other day thereafter for 82 days. Nine (82%) of the 11 dexamethasone-treated PKP eyes, 2 (20%) of the PKP eyes not treated with dexamethasone, and 3 (17%) of the 18 unoperated eyes had positive HSV-1 ocular cultures. Geographic ulcers appeared only in the PKP eyes treated with dexamethasone; 9 (82%) of the 11 PKP eyes treated with dexamethasone developed geographic ulcers. Between the 24th and 90th postoperative days, stromal keratitis appeared in 5 (56%) of the 9 PKP eyes treated with dexamethasone and in 2 (25%) of the 8 PKP eyes not treated with dexamethasone. Autograft PKP with postoperative corticosteroids significantly increased HSV-1 ocular shedding, epithelial ulceration, and stromal keratitis. This experimental model provides a useful tool to further investigate the development and treatment of HSV-1 epithelial and stromal recurrences after PKP.     

Histopathologic study of corneal stromal dystrophies: a 10-year experience

PURPOSE: To determine the frequency and describe the histopathologic features of stromal corneal dystrophies over a 10-year period. METHODS: A single-centered, retrospective analysis was performed on corneal specimens diagnosed as stromal dystrophies retrieved from the Henry C. Witelson Ophthalmic Pathology Laboratory and Registry (Montreal, Canada) over a period of 10 years. Corneal specimens obtained during keratoplasty were subjected to hematoxylin and eosin, periodic acid-Schiff, and other special staining. RESULTS: During the period of the study, 885 corneal specimens from penetrating keratoplasties were received. Twenty-six (2.9%) specimens from a total of 22 patients showed stromal corneal dystrophies: 17 (65.4%) eyes with lattice dystrophy, 5 (19.2%) eyes with combined granular/lattice ("Avellino") dystrophy, 3 (11.5%) eyes with granular dystrophy, and 1 (3.9%) eye with macular dystrophy. CONCLUSIONS: Corneal stromal dystrophies have distinct histopathologic features, which can be diagnosed with routine and special staining, particularly for combined granular/lattice (Avellino) dystrophy. Clinically, combined granular/lattice (Avellino) dystrophy can have features of both lattice and granular dystrophies, which can be misleading for diagnosis. Lattice dystrophy was the most frequent stromal dystrophy in this particular population.     

Ocular toxicity caused by toad venom

PURPOSE: To report a case of ocular toxicity caused by toad venom. METHODS: Observational case report. RESULTS: A 31-year-old man came to our clinic complaining of burning pain, photophobia, and blurred vision in both eyes. He reported that an hour earlier he had been handling a toad (Bufo bufo). It ejected a liquid from its back that splashed on the patient's face and made him rub his eyes. Corrected visual acuity was 20/50 in the right eye and 20/40 in the left eye. Slit-lamp microscopy revealed mild chemosis and stromal corneal edema with Descemet folds in both eyes. Intraocular pressure (IOP) was 9 mm Hg in both eyes. Posterior segment examination was normal. Topical dexamethasone every 4 hours and cycloplegic 3 times a day were prescribed. Forty-eight hours later, corneal edema and conjunctival chemosis had resolved, and IOP was 18 mm Hg. CONCLUSIONS: Ocular toxicity secondary to toad venom may cause corneal edema and low IOP that resolve without specific treatment in a short period.     

手术联合两性霉素B脂质体治疗重症真菌性角膜溃疡

目的 观察手术联合两性霉素B脂质体治疗重症真菌性角膜溃疡的临床疗效.方法 选择经实验室、角膜共焦显微镜及眼B超确诊的氟康唑治疗无效的重症真菌性角膜溃疡患者64例(64只眼)(溃疡直径>5mm),其中合并前房积脓34例(34只眼),合并前房积脓继发青光眼18例(18只眼),合并前房积脓并发眼内炎12例(12只眼)(波及前1/2玻璃体9只眼,波及后部3只眼).应用两性霉素B脂质体全身及局部药物治疗,分别联合自体结膜瓣遮盖术、治疗性穿透性角膜移植、治疗性眼前段重建等手术治疗,观察其疗效.结果 行自体结膜瓣遮盖术16例;治疗性穿透性角膜移植39只眼;治疗性眼前段重建手术治疗9例.所有病例均同时进行两性霉素B脂质体前房冲洗,其中联合玻璃体注药7例.角膜溃疡、前房积脓34例中,无效3例;角膜溃疡、前房积脓并继发青光眼18例中,无效8例(其中3例治疗中途放弃);角膜溃疡、前房积脓并发眼内炎12例中,无效4例(其中2例治疗中途放弃).临床总有效率76.57%.结论 手术联合两性霉素B脂质体治疗重症真菌性角膜溃疡,取得了较好的临床疗效,可以缩短病程、挽救患者眼球,是治疗重症真菌性角膜溃疡的有效方法之一.同时强调真菌性角膜溃疡早期快速诊断是有效治疗的重要前提.     

玻璃体切割手术对角膜内皮细胞的影响

目的 观察玻璃体切割手术对角膜内皮细胞影响的相关因素。 方法 回顾分析21 3例玻璃体切割手术患者213只眼手术前及手术后1周、1、3个月时角膜内皮镜检查结果。其中单纯玻璃体切割手术78只眼，玻璃体切割手术联合白内障摘除手术135只眼；硅油填充34只眼，C³F⁸填充53只眼，无眼内填充物者126只眼。 结果 单纯玻璃体切割组、玻璃体切割联合白内障摘除后囊完整组手术前后不同时期角膜内皮细胞数差异无显著性的意义（P均>0.05）；无后囊且眼内填充C³F⁸或硅油组手术后较手术前角膜内皮细胞数明显减少，其差异有显著性的意义（P<0.05）。 结论 玻璃体切割联合白内障摘除且晶状体后囊不完整者，眼内填充C³F⁸或硅油对角膜内皮细胞有一定的损伤作用。（中华眼底病杂志，2004，20：101-103）