Comparison of protective effects of electroacupuncture and moxibustion at Zusanli(ST 36) on perinatal nicotine exposure-induced lung phenotype in rat offspringOA

Objective: To compare the effects of electroacupuncture(EA) and moxibustion at Zusanli(ST 36) on the lung phenotype of rat offspring exposed to nicotine during the perinatal period.Methods: Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: the control group(saline only), the model group(nicotine only), the EA group(nicotine + EA at ST 36 acupoints bilaterally), and the moxibustion group(nicotine + moxibustion at ST 36 acupoints bilaterally). n = 6 rats per group. On postnatal day...     

Effect of moxibustion on survival status and nutritional metabolic factor in tumor-bearing rats with gastric cancer

Objective:To observe the effect of moxibustion on the survival status and nutritional metabolic factors of tumor-bearing rats with gastric cancer and explore the inhibitory effect of moxibustion on the tumorbearing rats.Methods:A total of 40 SD rats were randomly divided into a blank group,a sham-operated group,a model group and a moxibustion group,10 rats in each group.Gastric cancer models were established in the model group and the moxibustion group.The rats of all the groups underwent the same constraining procedure for 20 min every day.Additionally,moxibustion was applied at acupoints for 20 min in the rats of the moxibustion group.There were two groups of acupoints.One group included"Zusanli(足三里ST 36)""Zhongwan(中脘CV12)"and"Guanyuan(关元CV4)".The other group included bilateral"Pishu(脾俞BL 20)"and"Weishu(胃俞BL 21)".Moxibustion was applied for 20 min every day at the acupoints of the two groups alternatively and lasted for 14 days.The survival status of rats was observed and the score of survival status and body weight of rats were recorded every day.At the end of intervention,the orbital blood was collected and the rats were sacrificed for sample collection.The viscera-free body weight was recorded.Using biochemical analyzer,the blood glucose(GLU),albumin(ALB),total protein(TP)and triglyceride(TG)in serum were detected.Results:(1)Regarding the score of the survival status,after modeling,the scores in the model group and the moxibustion group were all higher than those of the sham-operation group(both P0.05).After intervention,the score in the moxibustion group was lower than that of the model group(P0.05).(2)After modeling,the body weight in the moxibustion group and the model group was lower than those of the blank group,indicating a statistical significance(both P0.05).The body weight in the moxibustion group was higher than that of the model group after intervention,indicating the statistical significance(P0.05).(3)Regarding the viscera-free body weight,it was lower in the model group compared with the sham-operation group,indicating the statistical significance(P0.05).Compared with the model group,the viscera-free body weight was higher in the moxibustion group,indicating the statistical significance(P0.04).(4)Regarding the nutritional metabolic factors,compared with the sham-operation group,the levels of GLU and ALB in the model group were lower and TP was higher,presenting the statistical significance(all P0.05).Compared with the model group,the levels of GLU and ALB were higher in the moxibustion group and TP was lower,presenting the statistical significance(all P0.05).Conclusion:Moxibustion improves the survival status of tumor-bearing rats with gastric cancer,increases the body weight,the viscera-free body weight and the levels of GLU and ALB in serum and reduces TP of the tumor-bearing rats with gastric cancer and inhibits the growth of gastric cancer.     

INFLUENCE OF PEPPER-PARTITIONED MOXIBUSTION ON SERUM IL-1β AND TNF-α LEVELS IN RATS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

Objective: To observe the influence of pepper-partitioned moxibus tion on serum IL-1β and TNF-α levels in rats with rheumatoid arthritis(RA).Methods: Forty healthy female SD rats were randomly divided into normal group, control group, model group, aconite-partitioned moxibustion group(the aconite group) and pepper-partitioned moxibustion group(the pepper group)(n=8).RA model was established by injecting Freund's complete adjuvant(0.1 mL into the right hind paw of the rats.For the aconite group and the pepper group, moxibustion was applied at Shenshu(BL 23)Zusanli(ST36) and the inflammatory site(the most severe site of the swelling joint), respectively.The swelling volume of rat' s right hind paws was detected by volumetric method, and serum IL-1β and TNF-α contents were measured by ELISA.Results: Compared to the model group, serum IL-1β and TNF-α contents in both the aconite and pepper groups were reduced significantly(P0.05), but no statistical significance was found between different moxibustion groups(P0.05).Conclusion: Pepper-partitioned moxibustion can reduce the degree of swelling of the inflammatory locality and serum expressions of IL-1β and TNF-α in RA rats, which may contribute to its effect in alleviating inflammatory and improving immune response.     

艾灸对胶原诱导性关节炎大鼠血清和关节滑膜组织生化改变的代谢组学研究（英文）

Objective:To demonstrate the rheumatoid arthritis(RA) mechanisms by determining the biochemical changes.To investigate the therapeutic mechanism of moxibustion in RA-model rats using a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS) metabolomics approach.Methods:A total of 24 rats were divided into three groups as follows:normal control group,model group and moxibustion group.Rats in model group and moxibustion group were set up collagen-induced arthritis(CIA) model.Rats in moxibustion group were treated by moxibustion.After 3 weeks of intervention,right ankle joint,serum and articular synovium samples were collected.Right ankle joint samples were used for histopathological evaluation between 3 groups to get the pathological changes of tissues and cells.Serum and articular synovium samples were used to analyze the changed metabolites of moxibustion on RA rats by the GC-MS based metabolomics.Results:Treatment of moxibustion not only significantly increased the weight of CIA rats,reduced the swelling of hind paw,arthritic scores,IL-1β,TNF-αbut also improved histopathological evaluation in right ankle joint samples.Sixteen significantly altered metabolites were found in RA rats as potential biomarkers of arthritis.Thirteen metabolites,significantly adjusted by moxibustion to help relieve arthritis,were selected out as biomarkers of antiarthritic mechanism of moxibustion,which were mainly involved in phenylalanine,tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis,glycine,serine and threonine metabolism,phenylalanine metabolism,alanine,aspartate and glutamate metabolism,glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism and aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis.Conclusions:We have indicated moxibustion treatment is able to resist inflammation in CIA rats effectively.Using GC-MS metabolomics technique,we detect novel metabolites in the moxibustion antiarthritic process,which may aid in advanced understanding of arthritis and therapeutic mechanism of moxibustion.     

Analgesic effect of different moxibustion durations in rheumatoid arthritis rats

OBJECTIVE： To observe the influence of different moxibustion durations on hypothalamic pro-opi- omelanocortin（POMC） and prodynorphin（PDYN） mRNA expressions and plasma β-endorphin（β-EP） content in rheumatoid arthritis（RA） rats, to under- stand the mechanism of moxibustion analgesia and its dose-effect relationship. METHODS： Twelve male Wistar rats were randomly selected from 48 male Wistar rats as a normal con- trol group. The RA model was created by raising rats in a windy（blowing with electric fan）, cold（6 ℃ ±2 ℃）, and wet（80%-90% humidity） environ- ment for 20 days, 12 h each day. This was followed byinjectionofFreund＇scompleteadjuvant（0.15 mL） into the ankle. Then, rats were randomly divided in- to a model group, moxibustion group Ⅰ, and moxi- bustion group Ⅱ, with 12 rats in each group. In moxibustion groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ, moxibustion was given at Shenshu（BL 23） and Zusanli（ST 36） for 20 and 40 min, respectively, once daily for 15 days. Hy- pothalamic POMC and PDYN mRNA expression lev- els and plasma β-EP content were determined.RESULTS： Compared with the normal group, the pressure pain threshold decreased, while the hypo- thalamic POMC and PDYN mRNA expression levels and plasma β-EP content increased in the moxibus- tion groups（P0.01）. Compared with the model group, the pressure pain threshold, hypothalamic POMC and PDYN mRNA expression levels and plas- ma β-EP content in the moxibustion groups in- creased significantly（P0.01）. Compared the moxi- bustion groupⅠ, the pain threshold, hypothalamic POMC and PDYN mRNA expression levels and plas- ma β-EP content in moxibustion groupⅡsignifi- cantly increased（P0.01）. CONCLUSION： Moxibustion has an analgesic effect and increases hypothalamic POMC and PDYN mRNA expression levels and plasma β-EP content inRArats.Theanalgesiceffectinmoxibustiongroup ⅡisbetterthanthatinmoxibustiongroupⅠ.     

Effects of different courses of moxibustion treatment on intestinal flora and inflammation of a rat model of knee osteoarthritis

Objective: This study was done to determine the effects of different courses of moxibustion on a rat knee osteoarthritis(KOA) model, and explore the dose–effect relationship of moxibustion on KOA from the perspectives of intestinal flora and inflammatory factors.Methods: Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups: normal, model, moxibustion for 2 weeks,moxibustion for 4 weeks and moxibustion for 6 weeks groups(n = 5 each group). A KOA rat model was induced by monosodium iodoacetate, and ...     

THE ANTI-NOCICEPTIVE EFFECTS OF MOXIBUSTION IN CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY PAIN

Objective: To determine whether moxibustion get involved in the effect of antinociceptive in chronic inflammatory pain.Methods: SD rats((200±20) g) were used and divided intofour groups(control group, control+moxibustion group, complete Freund's adjuvant(CFA) group and CFA+moxibustion group).Inflammatory pain was evoked by injection of CFA into the right paw.Four days after injection of CFA, moxibustion, a small moxa stick,((4×120) mm, 6 g), was placed vertically on the distance of 1 cm away from Zusanli(ST36).We tested the mechanical pain threshold by von Frey filament before and after delivering 15 min of conventional moxibustion at ST36 in the rats.Results: Animals with inflammatory pain clearly benefited from the moxibustion treatment; touch sensitivity, defined as the pain threshold, rose from(2.847±0.229) g to(8.268±0.468) g(P0.01).Touch sensitivity had no change when it was not combined with moxibustion in the model of inflammatory pain by injection of CFA.Similarly, moxibustion had no effect in rats without inflammatory pain.The 15-minute moxibustion session reduced pain for a duration of 0.5-1 h in rats.In addition, touch sensitivity was suppressed for 2 h in rats suffering from inflammatory pain when moxibustion was added.Conclusion: Moxibustion could give rise to antinociceptive effects in chronic inflammatory pain.     

PREVENTIVE EFFECTS ON SENILE ANEMIA IN RATS BY MOXIBUSTION

The aim of the present study is to observe the preventive effects of moxibustion onseniIe anemia in rats and certify the anti-aging effects of moxibustion. The results show that thehemoglobin in 20 months old rats is lower than that in young rats, and the osmotic fragility and thehematocrit are higher than those in young rats. The hernoglobin in moxibustion group rats is signifi-cantly higher than that in old group, and the osmotic fragility and the hematocrit are markedly lowerthan those in old group, suggesting that moxibustion can delay the age-related changes of erythrocytein the rat and decrease the incidence rate of senile anemia of rat.     

Regulation of Moxibustion on the Expression of NF-κBp65 and PPARγ mRNA in Colon of Rats with Ulcerative Colitis

Objective: To explore the mechanism of herb-partitioned moxibustion for ulcerative colitis(UC) through observing the colonic mucosal histopathological changes and the expression of nuclear factor kappaB(NF-kB) and peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor γ(PPARγ) mRNA of UC rats. Methods: Male SD rats were randomly divided into a normal group and a model group. UC model was established by general immunological plus local irritation method. After model identification, rats in the model group were randomly divided into a model group, a herb-partitioned moxibustion(HPM) group and a Western medicine(Salicylazosulfapyridine, SASP) group. Rats in the HPM group received treatment at bilateral Tianshu(ST 25) and Dachangshu(BL 25), two cones for each point, once a day for 7 d. SASP group rats were gavaged with SASP. The pathological scores were evaluated according to hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining of colonic tissues. We used light microscopy to observe degree of colonic mucosal damage and the quantitative polymerase chain reaction(QPCR) to detect the expression of NF-κBp65 and PPARγ in colorectal mucosa. Results: Compared with the normal group, histopathological scores were significantly higher in the model group(P0.05); compared with the model group, the scores were decreased significantly in the HPM group and the SASP group. Compared with the normal group, NF-κBp65 mRNA expression was increased with statistical significance in the model group(P0.05); compared with the model group, NF-κBp65 mRNA expressions were decreased significantly in the HPM group and the SASP group. Compared with the normal group, PPARγ mRNA expression was increased significantly in the model group(P0.05); compared with the model group, PPARγ mRNA expressions were decreased significantly in the HPM group and the SASP group. Conclusion: HPM could improve the mucosa damage of UC rats, which is possibly through down-regulating NF-κBp65 to achieve anti-inflammatory effect. Whether decreasing the PPARγ mRNA is possibly involved in preventing precancerosis will need further study.     

Effects of Moxibustion Pretreating on SOD and MDA in the Rat of Global Brain Ischemia

Objective： To probe into the mechanism of moxibustion preconditioning in preventive brain-protecting effect. Methods： The global brain ischemia rat model was developed by blocking 4 arteries. Seventy-eight Wistar male rats were randomly divided into 5 groups： a normal control group, a sham-operation group, a brain ischemia group, a brain ischemia preconditioning group, a moxibustion pretreating group. The brains in the 5 groups were taken at 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h after operation respectively. Superoxide dismulase （SOD） activity was determined with xanthine oxidase method and malondialdehyde （MDA） content with thiobarbituric acid method. Results： After the operation, in the moxibustion preconditioning group, SOD activity significantly increased, especially 24 h after moxibustion preconditioning; and MDA content decreased, with a very significant difference as compared with that of the cerebral ischemia group （P〈0.01）. Conclusion： Moxibustion preconditioning protects the ischemic and anoxic brain tissue by increasing the activity of endogenous antioxidase.     

略述《内经》色诊

《内经》是一部医学全书,它素被尊为"医书之祖",《内经》中的色诊学说,内容丰富,论述甚详,是望诊部分的中坚内容。通过对《内经》中色诊内容的整理,概述色诊内容,主要包括望色之神、望色之常、望色之异、五色主病、望色之位、望色之变等。     

论正胰腺脏位 还十二指肠腑名

长期以来,大凡认真研读过《黄帝内经》(以下简称《内经》)脏腑理论的中医学者,都会因文中既提"十二藏",又述"五藏六府",以及将一个不具备"藏而不泄"之"脏"功能的"心包"列于脏位。将无"满而不能实","传化物而不藏"之"腑"功能的"三焦"给以腑名,而时有困惑。近年来,随着糖尿病患者,胰腺癌患者及十二指肠球部溃疡等患者的大量涌现。胰腺和十二指肠作为脏腑功能的显现,越来越受到重视。笔者根据《内经》,关于脏与腑功能的界定标准,及现代解剖学,生化学所见,结合长期的临床实践之需求,提出了将人体"胰腺"取代无脏功能的"心包"以正其脏位。并将与胰腺有密切生理关系的十二指肠取代三焦,作为与胰腺相表里的腑。这样就将"五藏六府",正式升级为"六脏六腑"。即:肺与大肠、胰与十二指肠、心与小肠、脾与胃、肝与胆、肾与膀胱,以合《内经》"十二藏"之说。经过如此传承精华与守正创新,则可使《内经》的脏腑理论得以进一步完善。既符合了人体内客观真实的脏腑生理结构状况,而且对中医临床的脏腑辨证论治,提供了理论依据。     

论保健按摩的繁荣对推拿学发展的影响

本文分析了保健按摩的繁荣给推拿学发展所带来的利与弊,认为保健按摩的繁荣普及提高了全社会对推拿的认知度,扩大了推拿的社会影响力,"倒逼"医院设置推拿科室或推拿治疗项目,增加了就业平台,壮大了推拿队伍,但部分民众、医务工作者和政府管理部门人员对推拿不全面、不正确的认知观,导致愿意学习推拿和从事推拿专业工作的高素质人才减少,对部分推拿医务工作者自尊心、自信心、成就感、成功感和荣誉感等带来负面影响,并大大降低了推拿学科的严肃性,提出如何正确对待、界定保健按摩在推拿学科中的地位和作用是推拿学界无法回避的现实问题,必须认真加以正视和思考,否则将不利于推拿学科的健康发展。     

五脏神识系统的形成

目的：系统研究中医五脏相关学说。方法：从发生学角度,结合《内经》、道家学说探讨中医五脏神识系统建立的理论与实践问题。结果：五脏神识系统是在胚胎时期的脑髓中,元神与脑髓共同作用、发生分化而形成的。元神分化出心神,再由心神分化出五神等各种神识元素;脑髓分化出心肾等五脏,五神、五脏分化完成后,五神入藏于五脏,从而形成了五脏神识系统。结论：脑为元神化生神识元素、脏腑之处所,心神为五脏神识系统的主宰。     

对部分分娩女婴产妇实施心理护理的体会

目的：预防与治疗因分娩女性婴儿导致情绪受到刺激,因而引起平衡、调节系统的崩溃,同时促发心理疾病、精神病及躯体病.方法：通过护士的语言、行为、表情、姿势等改变产妇的不良心理状态.结果：预防产后并发症的发生并促进机体的康复.     

略论太平惠民局的成立对宋代医药发展的影响

本文就宋代太平惠民局的成立对宋代医药学发展的影响做了相关论述。认为太平惠民局的成立促进了《太平惠民和剂局方》的成书。制定了药物炮制规范,对当时医生诊疗疾病处方用药带来很大便利。但生产的成药也存在弊端,这也从一定程度上推动了新的医学流派的产生。     

调和脾胃在失眠治疗中的运用

失眠症为临床常见病症,且多与脾胃功能失调有关,在治疗上也常采取健脾、和胃、疏肝等法。本文就脾胃失调引起失眠的病因病机,调和脾胃的治法方药运用等方面作一阐述。     

海南青牛胆挥发油化学成分的研究

海南青牛胆 (ＴｉｎｏｓｐｏｒａｈａｉｎａｎｅｎｓｉｓＨ .Ｓ .ＬｏｅｔＺ .Ｘ .Ｌｉ)系防己科青牛胆属植物 ,为一新种。民间用以治疗关节疼痛和筋骨损伤。主要含有甾酮类、生物碱等化合物。为探讨海南青牛胆中挥发油成分 ,对其藤茎进行了挥发油的研究 ,通过ＧＣ ＭＳ Ｃｏｍｐｕｔｅｒ进行测定分析 ,从中共鉴定出 2 0个化合物。1　材料及样品的制备原材料采集于海南省文昌市龙楼乡 ,经海南师范学院钟义教授鉴定为海南青牛胆 (ＴｉｎｏｓｐｏｒａｈａｉｎａｎｅｎｓｉｓＨ .Ｓ .ＬｏｅｔＺ .Ｘ .Ｌｉ)。取该植物藤茎经切片、干燥 ,粉碎成…     

方证相对论研究的关键问题与思考

中医学以间接致思的思维方式探求人体生理、病理及防病治病规律，开展方证研究也应遵循中医学的本原思维模式。方随证出，因证变化而药物组成变化是方证对应的一般规律，称之为“方证相对论”。方证对应理论体系是非线性的、多维的、开放的复杂系统，其研究内容应体现当代医学最新成就。从中药分子水平开展方剂配伍规律研究，阐明方剂作用机理以求得方证的最佳对应和变化规律，应是方证研究深化的客观要求和关键所在。