细粒棘球绦虫重组BCG-Eg95疫苗对感染小鼠脾细胞凋亡的影响

目的:探讨细粒棘球绦虫重组BCG-Eg95疫苗免疫和Eg原头节攻击后小鼠脾细胞凋亡的变化.方法:将细粒棘球绦虫重组BCG-Eg95疫苗采用皮下注射、鼻腔内接种、口服灌胃和肌肉注射4种途径分别免疫BALB/c鼠,免疫后8周用Eg原头节进行攻击感染,感染后18周杀鼠取脾,分离脾细胞,流式细胞仪检测脾细胞的凋亡发生率,同时设有BCG和PBS对照.结果:疫苗接种组的脾细胞凋亡发生率明显低于感染对照组;口服和肌肉注射组的脾细胞凋亡发生率显著低于皮下和鼻腔内接种组.结论:Eg原头节感染可引起小鼠脾细胞发生凋亡,细粒棘球绦虫重组BCG-Eg95疫苗接种可抑制感染鼠脾细胞的凋亡,疫苗口服和肌肉注射是两种较好的免疫途径.     

细粒棘球绦虫重组BCG-Eg95疫苗诱导的保护力观察

目的 探讨细粒棘球绦虫重组BCG-Eg95疫苗免疫鼠后对Eg原头节攻击感染的保护性作用.方法 '将细粒棘球绦虫重组BCG-Eg95疫苗采用皮下注射、鼻腔内接种、口服灌胃和肌肉注射4种途径分别免疫Balb/C鼠,免疫后8W用Eg 原头节进行攻击感染,感染后18周剖杀小鼠,计算减蚴率,测定血清中IgG及其亚类和IgE水平,同时设有BCG和PBS对照.结果 疫苗接种组的减蚴率为18.20%～92.46%,血清IgG、IgG2a、IgG2b水平明显升高,IgG1、IgG3和IgE显著降低.结论 细粒棘球绦虫重组BCG-Eg95疫苗口服灌胃和肌肉注射是两种较好的接种途径,IgG、IgG2a和IgG2b在疫苗诱导的保护力中起重要作用.     

细粒棘球绦虫重组Bb—Eg95-EgA31疫苗诱导小鼠脾细胞增殖变化的研究

目的探讨细粒棘球绦虫（Eg）重组双歧杆菌（Bb）-Eg95-EgA31疫苗免疫和Eg原头节攻击后小鼠的囊重抑制率及脾细胞增殖的变化。方法将细粒棘球绦虫重组Bb-Eg95-EgA31疫苗分别采用皮下注射、肌肉注射、鼻腔内接种和口服灌胃4种途径免疫BALB／c小鼠,免疫后8周每鼠用50个Eg原头节攻击感染,感染后25周剖杀小鼠,分离细粒棘球蚴包囊并称重,计算囊重抑制率;取脾,分离脾细胞,用Eg粗抗原（EgAg）或刀豆素A（ConA）刺激培养,四甲基偶氮唑盐比色法（MTT法）检测免疫小鼠脾细胞增殖反应,同时设有空载体、Bb和MRS对照。结果以上4种疫苗接种组小鼠的囊重抑制率分别为45．33％、41．33％、70．67％和62．67％;疫苗接种组的脾细胞明显增殖;鼻腔内接种和口服免疫组的脾细胞增殖显著高于皮下和肌肉注射组。结论细粒棘球绦虫重组Bb-Eg95-EgA31疫苗可诱导小鼠产生特异性的细胞免疫反应。     

细粒棘球绦虫转Eg95-EgA31融合基因苜蓿疫苗诱导小鼠免疫应答的研究

目的:探讨细粒棘球绦虫(Eg)转Eg95-EgA31融合基因苜蓿疫苗诱导BALB/c小鼠产生的免疫应答及其对Eg原头节攻击感染的保护性作用。方法:热絮凝法提取转基因苜蓿的叶蛋白,再用无菌双蒸水将叶蛋白提取液的浓度配制成20g/L。分别用100μL灌胃和10μL滴鼻免疫小鼠,每3d免疫1次,连续免疫2个月。同时设转空质粒(pBI121)苜蓿叶蛋白及正常苜蓿叶蛋白对照组。末次免疫后8周,用Eg原头节腹腔注射进行攻击感染(50个Eg原头节/每鼠),感染后24周剖杀小鼠,分离并称重细粒棘球蚴组织,计算囊重减少率;采眼球血,常规ELISA检测血清中IgG及其亚类和IgE水平;取脾,分离脾细胞,流式细胞术(FCM)检测脾CD4+和CD8+T淋巴细胞亚群的百分比;脾细胞体外经脾细胞悬液或加入Eg粗抗原(EgAg)、伴刀豆球蛋白A(ConA)或脂多糖(LPS)刺激培养后,四甲基偶氮唑盐比色法(MTT法)检测免疫小鼠脾T淋巴细胞增殖情况,AnnexinV-FITC和碘化丙啶(PI)双染色法检测脾细胞的凋亡发生率,常规ELISA法检测脾细胞培养上清液中IL-12、IL-10、IFN-γ和TNF-α水平。结果:与正常蛋白对照组相比,疫苗口服接种组小鼠检获包囊质量明显降低,囊重减少率为64.1%,脾细胞凋亡发生率明显降低,脾T细胞增殖水平、CD4+T细胞亚群的百分比和CD4+/CD8+比值显著升高,血清中IgG、IgG2b和IgE水平显著升高,脾细胞培养上清液中IFN-γ、1L-12和TNF-α水平显著增高,IL-10水平明显降低。结论:细粒棘球绦虫转Eg95-EgA31融合基因苜蓿疫苗口服接种可抑制免疫鼠脾细胞发生凋亡,诱导免疫鼠脾T细胞增殖,产生Th1型细胞免疫应答以对抗Eg原头节的攻击感染,CD4+ T细胞亚群、IgG、IgG2b和IgE在疫苗诱导的保护力中起重要作用。     

细粒棘球绦虫重组Bb-Eg95-EgA31融合蛋白诱导小鼠免疫应答

目的研究细粒棘球绦虫(Eg)重组双歧杆菌(Bb)-Eg95-EgA31融合蛋白免疫小鼠后诱导的免疫应答。方法 56只SPF级雌性Balb/c小鼠随机均分7组,分别为重组Bb-Eg95-EgA31皮下注射组(A组)、肌肉注射组(B组)、鼻腔内接种组(C组)、口服灌胃组(D组)、空载体对照组(E组)、Bb对照组(F组)和Bb培养用液体培养基(MRS)对照组(G组)。免疫后8周各组鼠用50个Eg原头节攻击,攻击25周后,处死小鼠,分离细粒棘球蚴包囊并称重,计算囊重抑制率;ELISA检测血清IgG及其亚类和IgE和脾细胞上清液IL-12、IFN-γ、TNF-α和IL-10水平;MTT法测定脾细胞增殖反应;流式细胞仪检测脾CD4+和CD8+T细胞百分比和脾细胞凋亡发生率。结果重组Bb-Eg95-EgA31免疫组小鼠的囊重抑制率分别为45.33%、41.33%、70.67%和62.67%;血清IgG、IgG2a、IgG2b和IgG1水平升高,IgG3和IgE降低;脾IFN-γ、IL-12和TNF-α水平升高,IL-10水平降低;脾T淋巴细胞明显增殖;脾CD4+和CD8+T细胞显著增加;脾细胞凋亡发生率显著降低。结论细粒棘...     

细粒棘球绦虫重组BCG-Eg95疫苗的构建及其表达效率研究

目的 构建细粒棘球绦虫重组BCG-Eg95疫苗,分析Eg95分子在该疫苗中的表达效率.方法超声粉碎细粒棘球蚴组织提取总RNA,通过RT-PCR扩增Eg95的抗原编码基因;将该基因定向克隆到大肠杆菌-分枝杆菌穿梭表达载体pB-CG,构建重组质粒pBCG-Eg95;电穿孔法转化BCG,构建细粒棘球绦虫重组BCG-Eg95疫苗.免疫印迹分析重组BCG-Eg95疫苗的表达产物.结果 RT-PCR成功扩增出471 bp的Eg95抗原编码基因;双酶切证实Eg95抗原编码基因成功插入pBCG中;PCR证实rBCG-Eg95疫苗构建成功;免疫印迹分析发现重组BCG-Eg95疫苗的表达产物在相对分子质量(Mr)约为16.5×103处有明显的目的 蛋白表达条带,且能被感染细粒棘球蚴的鼠血清特异识别.结论 成功构建了细粒棘球绦虫重组BCG-Eg95疫苗,为而后的开发利用奠定了理论基础.     

细粒棘球绦虫转Eg95-EgA31融合基因苜蓿疫苗诱导Balb/c小鼠免疫应答的动态观察

目的动态观察细粒棘球绦虫转Eg95-EgA31融合基因苜蓿疫苗免疫Balb/c小鼠后诱导的免疫应答。方法热絮凝法提取转基因苜蓿的叶蛋白,再用无菌双蒸水将叶蛋白提取液的浓度配制成20μg/μl。88只Balb/c小鼠随机分为2组,分别用100μl灌胃和10μl滴鼻免疫小鼠,每3天1次,连续免疫2个月。在末次免疫后0、2、4、6、8、10、12、14、16、18和20周各组随机剖杀4只小鼠,眼球取血,常规酶联免疫吸附法(enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)检测血清中IgG及其亚类和IgE水平;取脾,分离脾细胞,流式细胞仪(flow cytometr,FCM)检测脾CD4+和CD8+T淋巴细胞亚群的百分比,体外经脾细胞悬液或加入Eg粗抗原(EgAg)、伴刀豆球蛋白A(ConA)或脂多糖(LPS)刺激培养,四甲基偶氮唑盐比色法(MTT法)检测免疫鼠脾T淋巴细胞增殖情况,ELISA法检测脾细胞培养上清液中IL-12、IL-10、IFN-γ和TNF-α水平。结果在末次免疫后4～6周,2组免疫小鼠的血清IgG及其亚类和IgE水平升高,脾T淋巴细胞增殖水平升高,CD4+和CD8+T细胞亚群百分比分别升高,脾细胞培养上清液中IL-12、IFN-γ、TNF-α和IL-10水平分别升高。结论细粒棘球绦虫转Eg95-EgA31融合基因苜蓿疫苗在免疫早期(4～6周)可诱导免疫鼠脾T淋巴细胞增殖,产生Th1和Th2混合型免疫应答,CD4+和CD8+T细胞亚群在细粒棘球绦虫转Eg95-EgA31融合基因苜蓿疫苗诱导的保护性免疫机制中起重要作用。     

细粒棘球绦虫转Eg95-EgA31融合基因苜蓿疫苗诱导的保护力观察

目的探讨细粒棘球绦虫（Eg）转Eg95-EgA31融合基因苜蓿疫苗免疫BALB/c小鼠后对Eg原头节攻击感染的保护性作用。方法热絮凝法提取转基因苜蓿的叶蛋白,配成浓度为20μg/μl。分别用100μl（约含1μg融合抗原）口服灌胃和10μl（约含0.1μg融合抗原）滴鼻接种免疫BALB/c小鼠,每3d免疫1次,连续免疫2月,同时设转空质粒（pBI121）苜蓿叶蛋白及正常苜蓿叶蛋白对照组。末次免疫后8周,用Eg原头节进行攻击感染（腹腔注射50个Eg原头节/每只小鼠）,感染后24周剖杀各组小鼠,检获包囊质量,计算囊重减少率;采眼球血,常规酶联免疫吸附试验法（enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA）检测血清中IgG及其亚类和IgE水平。结果疫苗口服灌胃接种组小鼠检获包囊质量明显降低,囊重减少率为64.1%,与正常蛋白对照组相比,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,血清中IgG、IgG2b和IgE水平显著高于正常苜蓿叶蛋白对照组,其值分别为0.175±0.013、0.096±0.028和0.096±0.028。结论细粒棘球绦虫转Eg95-EgA31融合基因苜蓿疫苗口服接种能使免疫鼠获得保护力以抵抗Eg原头节攻击感染,IgG、IgG2b和IgE在疫苗诱导的保护力中起重要作用。     

细粒棘球绦虫重组BCG-Eg95疫苗免疫小鼠后脾细胞因子的动态观察

目的 动态观察细粒棘球绦虫重组BCG-Eg95疫苗免疫小鼠后脾细胞因子的变化.方法 疫苗分别采用口服灌胃和鼻腔内接种免疫Balb/e鼠,在免疫后0、2、4、6、8、10、12、14、16和周各剖杀4只小鼠取脾,分离脾细胞,用EgAg或ConA刺激培养,收集脾细胞培养上清液,用试剂盒检测脾细胞培养上清液的IL-2、IFN-у、TNF-α和IL-4水平,同时设有PBS对照.结果 口服免疫组的IL-2、IFN-у、TNF-α和IL-4水平分别在免疫后4～10周、2～10周,2～18周和10周升高,分别在免疫后10、10、6和10周达最高水平;鼻腔内接种组的IL-2、IFN-у、TNF-α和IL-4水平分别在免疫后2～18周、2～10周、2～18周和10周升高,分别在免疫后10、8、12和10周达最高水平.结论 细粒棘球绦虫重组BCG-Eg95疫苗在免疫早期(2～10周)可诱导小鼠脾细胞产生Th1和Th2.混合型细胞因子.     

细粒棘球绦虫重组Bb-Eg95-EgA31疫苗诱导小鼠免疫应答的动态观察

目的:观察细粒棘球绦虫(Eg)重组双歧杆菌(Bb)-Eg95-EgA31疫苗免疫小鼠后其免疫应答的动态变化。方法:将疫苗分别采用口服灌胃和鼻腔内接种免疫BALB/c鼠,分别于免疫后2、4、6、8、10、12、14、16、18和20周用ELISA法测定免疫小鼠血清中IgG及其亚类和IgE水平。用MTT法测定脾淋巴细胞的增殖,用ELISA法检测脾淋巴细胞培养上清液中IL-12、IFN-γ、TNF-α和IL-10水平,用流式细胞术(FCM)检测脾CD4+和CD8+T细胞百分率。结果:口服免疫小鼠血清IgG、IgG2a、IgG2b、IgG1、IgG3和IgE水平分别在免疫后8、2、6、6、8和10周达到峰值。脾淋巴细胞悬液中IL-12、IFN-γ、TNF-α和IL-10水平分别在免疫后4、2、4和6周达到峰值。脾淋巴细胞增殖在免疫后6周达到峰值;脾CD4+T细胞在免疫后6周达到峰值,脾CD8+T细胞无明显变化。鼻腔内接种免疫小鼠血清IgG、IgG2a、IgG2b、IgG1、IgG3和IgE水平分别在免疫后10、6、10、8、8和10周达到峰值。脾淋巴细胞悬液中IL-12、IFN-γ、TNF-α和IL-10水平分别在免疫后2、2、4和8周达到峰值。脾淋巴细胞增殖在免疫后6周达到峰值;脾CD4+T细胞在免疫后6周达到峰值,脾CD8+T细胞无明显变化。口服免疫和鼻腔内接种是两种较好的免疫途径,且前者优于后者。结论:细粒棘球绦虫重组Bb-Eg95-EgA31疫苗可诱导小鼠产生有效的免疫应答。     

多房棘球绦虫混合重组BCG-EmⅡ/3和BCG-Em14-3-3疫苗诱导小鼠脾细胞因子的变化

目的：探讨多房棘球绦虫混合重组BCG—EmII／3和BCG—Eml4—3—3疫苗免疫后再以Em原头节攻击后小鼠脾细胞因子的变化。方法：将疫苗采用皮下注射和鼻腔内接种分别免疫BALB／c小鼠后8周，用多房棘球绦虫原头节进行攻击感染。感染后18周杀鼠取脾，分离脾细胞，用EmAg或ConA刺激培养，并收集脾细胞培养上清液，用试剂盒检测脾细胞培养上清液中IL-2、IFN—γ、TNF—α和IL-4的水平，同时设有空载体、BCG和PBS对照。结果-疫苗接种组的IFN—γ和TNF—α水平升高，IL-4水平降低；皮下注射组的TNF—α水平高于鼻腔内接种组。结论-多房棘球绦虫混合重组BCG—EmⅡ／3和BCG—Eml4—3—3疫苗可诱导小鼠产生Th1型细胞应答，抵抗Em原头节的攻击感染。疫苗皮下注射途径优于鼻腔内接种。     

Pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide vaccine-mediated protection against serotype 3 Streptococcus pneumoniae in immunodeficient mice

Pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide (PPS) vaccines are less immunogenic in immunocompromised than immunocompetent individuals. However, neither the efficacy of PPS vaccines in immunocompromised individuals nor the host cellular subsets required for vaccine efficacy against pneumococcal disease have been directly investigated. In this study, we vaccinated CD4-deficient (CD4(-/-)), CD8-deficient (CD8(-/-)), and secretory immunoglobulin M-deficient (sIgM(-/-)) mice and wild-type C57BL/6 (Wt) mice with a conjugate of PPS of serotype 3 and tetanus toxoid (PPS3-TT) and determined the antibody response and efficacy of vaccination against systemic and pulmonary challenge with serotype 3 pneumococcus in immunized and control mice. Our results showed that the isotype and predominant IgG subclass of the PPS3 response differed between immunodeficient mouse strains and between immunodeficient and Wt mice, with CD8(-/-) mice having the most robust response. Vaccination protected Wt, CD4(-/-), and sIgM(-/-) mice from death resulting from both systemic and pulmonary challenge, whereas CD8(-/-) mice were protected only from systemic and not from pulmonary challenge. Passive vaccination with PPS3-TT-induced sera from Wt, CD4(-/-), CD8(-/-), and sIgM(-/-) mice protected na?ve Wt mice from death due to pulmonary challenge; however, CD8(-/-) mice were not protected by sera from Wt or CD8(-/-) mice. Our findings suggest that PPS-based vaccines can be effective in the setting of CD4 T-cell deficiency but that CD8 T cells could be required for vaccine-mediated protection against pulmonary challenge with serotype 3 pneumococcus.     

小鼠对HIV-2 gp105核酸疫苗免疫应答的研究

目的: 探讨HIV- 2gp105基因核酸疫苗在小鼠体内的免疫应答, 为开发HIV- 2核酸疫苗提供实验依据。方法:将HIV- 2外膜蛋白 (gp105 )基因插入真核表达质粒载体pVAX1中, 构建pVAX1 gp105重组表达质粒。将其肌注免疫BALB/c小鼠, 用ELISA法检测小鼠血清抗HIV -2抗体, 用流式细胞仪测定CD4 、CD8 T细胞亚群数, 以乳酸脱氢霉释放法检测脾特异性CTL的杀伤活性。结果: 重组质粒pVAX1 -gp105免疫组小鼠的血清抗体滴度、脾T细胞亚群的数量及特异性CTL的杀伤活性, 均明显高于对照组, 分别为P<0. 01, P<0. 05和P<0. 01。结论: HIV -2gp105核酸疫苗能诱导小鼠产生特异性细胞和体液免疫。     

An experimental vaccine expressing wild-type p53 induces protective immunity against glioblastoma cells with high levels of endogenous p53

Inoculation of mice with a recombinant vaccinia virus expressing the full-length mouse wild-type p53 protein (Vp53-wt) was shown to induce partial protection against peripheral challenge with a mouse glioblastoma cell line, termed GL261, expressing high levels of nuclear, endogenous wild-type p53. In vivo experiments with knockout (KO) mice and mice treated with depleting doses of antibodies specific to lymphocyte subsets revealed that vaccine efficacy depended on CD4+ and CD8+ T cells as well as on natural killer (NK) cells. Vp53-wt virus-vaccinated mice that failed to develop tumours upon challenge with a minimal tumourigenic dose of GL261 cells remained completely resistant to further challenge with increased doses of GL261 cells. The efficacy of the Vp53-wt vaccine was improved by adding recombinant mouse interleukin-12 (rIL-12) as an adjuvant at the time of tumour challenge. The induction of T cells to p53 in Vp53-wt virus-immune mice was also demonstrated at the tumour site by immunochemistry and was further confirmed by a delayed-type hypersensitivity response to the p53 protein, although in vitro experiments using splenocytes from vaccinated mice failed to demonstrate CD4+ or CD8+ T-cell activity to p53.     

Resistance to Cryptococcus neoformans infection in the absence of CD4+ T cells.

Previous studies of Cryptococcus neoformans infection have revealed a role for CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells in anticryptococcal resistance in the lungs, but such a role has been revealed only for CD4+ T cells in the brains of experimentally infected mice. In this study, we found that mice genetically engineered to lack CD4+ T cells could be successfully vaccinated to express resistance to a rechallenge with Cryptococcus neoformans, provided the challenge dose was kept to lower than 1000 organisms per mouse. The challenge infection was uniformly lethal for unvaccinated control mice. Depletion of CD8+ T cells weakened this resistance to re-challenge: both na?ve and vaccinated mice that were treated with antibody raised against CD8+ T cells died significantly earlier than did mice that received an irrelevant control antibody. In vitro, purified CD8+ T cells taken from draining lymph nodes of antigen-experienced mice were less efficient than were identically prepared CD4+ T cells at stimulating the cells of a transformed microglial cell line to inhibit C. neoformans proliferation, possibly mirroring the inferiority of CD8+ T-cell-mediated protection observed in vivo. RNase protection assays showed similar IFN-gamma mRNA levels in both lymphocyte subsets. Class II major histocompatibility antigen expression was up-regulated strikingly on microglia cultured with IFN-gamma, but class I expression was less dramatically affected. Therefore microglial cell interaction may be more greatly enhanced with CD4+ cells than with CD8+ cells.     

A GRA1 DNA vaccine primes cytolytic CD8(+) T cells to control acute Toxoplasma gondii infection

Protective immunity against Toxoplasma gondii is known to be mediated mainly by T lymphocytes and gamma interferon (IFN-gamma). The contribution of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-lymphocyte subsets to protective immune responses against T. gondii infection, triggered by a GRA1 (p24) DNA vaccine, was assessed in this study. In vitro T-cell depletion experiments indicated that both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-cell subsets produced IFN-gamma upon restimulation with a T. gondii lysate. In addition, the GRA1 DNA vaccine elicited CD8(+) T cells that were shown to have cytolytic activity against parasite-infected target cells and a GRA1-transfected cell line. C3H mice immunized with the GRA1 DNA vaccine showed 75 to 100% protection, while 0 to 25% of the mice immunized with the empty control vector survived challenge with T. gondii cysts. In vivo T-cell depletion experiments indicated that CD8(+) T cells were essential for the survival of GRA1-vaccinated C3H mice during the acute phase of T. gondii infection, while depletion of CD4(+) T cells led to an increase in brain cyst burden during the chronic phase of infection.     

人免疫缺陷病毒1型(HIV-1)gag基因疫苗的免疫原性

目的 :检测人免疫缺陷病毒 1型 (HIV 1)gag基因疫苗的免疫原性。方法 :分别以ELISA、荧光抗体染色和乳酸脱氢酶释放法 ,检测免疫小鼠血清抗体滴度、脾T细胞亚群的数量和淋巴细胞杀伤效应。结果 :血清抗体滴度、脾T细胞亚群的数量及淋巴细胞杀伤效应 ,重组质粒pVAXGAG免疫组与空载体pVAX1对照组相比较差异显著(分别为P <0 .0 5和P <0 .0 1)。结论 :HIV 1DNA疫苗质粒pVAXGAG在BALB/c小鼠中不仅可诱导特异性体液免疫 ,而且可诱导特异性细胞免疫。