盐酸川芎嗪注射液联合硫酸镁和拉贝洛尔治疗妊娠高血压综合征的临床研究

目的探讨盐酸川芎嗪注射液联合硫酸镁注射液和拉贝洛尔治疗妊娠高血压综合征的临床疗效。方法选取2018年3月—2019年3月武警特色医学中心收治的60例妊娠高血压综合征的患者为研究对象,将患者随机分为对照组和治疗组,每组各30例。对照组患者静脉滴注硫酸镁注射液,30m L加入到5%葡萄糖溶液500mL中,1次/d;同时静脉滴注盐酸拉贝洛尔注射液,50 mg加入到5%葡萄糖溶液250 mL中,1次/d,血压控制后改为口服拉贝洛尔片,100 mg/次,3次/d。治疗组在对照组治疗的基础上静脉滴注盐酸川芎嗪注射液,120 mg加入到5%葡萄糖溶液250 mL中,1次/d。两组患者同步连续治疗14 d。观察两组患者的临床疗效,比较两组的血压、尿蛋白含量、血清学指标基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)水平。结果治疗后,对照组和治疗组的总有效率分别为73.3%、93.3%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、尿蛋白均明显下降,同组治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);且治疗组SBP、DBP、尿蛋白明显低于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组血清MMP-9、VEGF水平均明显升高,同组治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);且治疗后治疗组血清MMP-9、VEGF水平明显高于对照组,两组比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论盐酸川芎嗪注射液联合硫酸镁注射液和盐酸拉贝洛尔治疗妊娠高血压综合征具有较好的临床疗效,可降低患者血压和尿蛋白含量,提高患者血清MMP-9、VEGF水平,具有一定的临床推广应用价值。     

HPLC法测定盐酸拉贝洛尔注射液的含量和有关物质

目的:建立盐酸拉贝洛尔注射液含量测定及有关物质的检查方法。方法:采用高效液相色谱法。色谱柱为AgilentTC-C18,流动相为甲醇-0.1mol/L磷酸二氢钠溶液(55:45),流速为1.0ml/min,柱温为50℃,检测波长为230nm。结果:盐酸拉贝洛尔峰与游离羧酸峰及强制破坏产生的降解产物峰均分离良好,盐酸拉贝洛尔检测质量浓度线性范围为41.40～372.60μg/m(lr=1.0000),平均回收率为99.97%(RSD=0.64%,n=9),检测限为52.54ng/ml。结论:该法操作简单、快速、专属性强、结果准确。     

果糖注射液工艺探讨

探讨了处方中加入亚硫酸氢钠及制备过程中配液温度、pH值、灭菌温度对所制果糖注射液的一项主要质量指标——— 5-羟甲基糠醛的影响及果糖注射液的制备工艺     

果糖注射液灭菌工艺的优化

目的改善果糖(及含果糖)注射液的稳定性。方法将果糖注射液调不同pH值进行灭菌试验;按F012、F0=12和F0=8拟订不同灭菌参数组合进行试验。结果实验证明了以较高的温度和较短的时间灭菌对果糖注射液的实用性,与输液常规灭菌(115℃30 min)相比5-羟甲基糠醛值下降25%~45%。结论在F08的前提下,按照较高温度较短时间的原则对果糖(及含果糖)注射液的灭菌工艺进行优化,可以有效地降低灭菌过程果糖的分解,从而改善果糖(及含果糖)注射液的稳定性。     

对葡萄糖注射液中相关杂质5-羟甲基糠醛的考察分析

葡萄糖注射液是临床常用的制剂,其质量的优劣直接关系到人民的身体健康,因此药典中对其相关杂质含量作出了明确规定。如5-羟甲基糠醛(5HMF)的含量,一直以来,生产中,尤其是一些医院的制剂室,忽视对5-HMF的控制或工艺上掌握不好,严重超标。并认为其含量与灭菌后溶液的颜色的深浅有直接关系,为此,笔者对部分医院制剂室生产的5％与10％的500ml葡萄糖注射液进行了质量专项考察,并对其颜色与含量的关系进行了探讨,结果表明,5-HMF不合格率较高(达21．4％),而值得注意的是样品的颜色与其含量没有必然的联系,某些样品即使无色也可能超过规定的限度,而部分颜色明显变黄,结果却低于药典规定,     

盐酸拉贝洛尔联合丹参川芎嗪注射液对妊娠期高血压疾病患者妊娠结局的影响

目的:探讨盐酸拉贝洛尔联合丹参川芎嗪注射液治疗妊娠期高血压疾病(HDCP)的临床疗效。方法:根据随机数字表法将96例HDCP患者分为观察组与对照组各48例,两组均给予硫酸镁解痉、镇痛治疗,在此基础上对照组给予盐酸拉贝洛尔治疗,观察组给予盐酸拉贝洛尔+丹参川芎嗪注射液治疗,两组均连续治疗10d,对比两组分娩方式及不良妊娠结局发生率。结果:观察组阴道试分娩率[75.0%(36/48)]高于对照组[54.17%(26/48)](P0.05),早产、产后出血发生率低于对照组(P0.05),胎儿窘迫、新生儿窒息等发生率与对照组比较无显著差异(P0.05)。结论:盐酸拉贝洛尔联合丹参川芎嗪注射液治疗HDCP疗效显著,可有效改善妊娠结局。     

右旋糖酐40葡萄糖注射液中遗传毒性降解杂质含量测定及风险因素分析

目的 测定右旋糖酐40葡萄糖注射液中遗传毒性降解产物5-羟甲基糠醛和糠醛的含量并分析风险因素.方法 采用HPLC测定右旋糖酐40葡萄糖注射液及其原料药右旋糖酐40、葡萄糖中的5-羟甲基糠醛和糠醛含量,考察原料、工艺参数(温度、pH值)以及储存时间对杂质含量的影响.结果 5-羟甲基糠醛和糠醛在0.12～12.43 μg·...     

HPLC法测定盐酸丁丙诺啡注射液中5-羟甲基糠醛

目的：建立高效液相色谱法检查盐酸丁丙诺啡注射液中5-羟甲基糠醛。方法：采用Diamonsil C18（4.6mm×250mm,5μ）,甲醇-乙腈-2%醋酸铵溶液-冰醋酸（60：10：40：5）为流动相,流速为1.0ml/min,检测波长为284nm,柱温为30℃。结果：5-羟甲基糠醛色谱峰与主峰能够达到有效分离,检测限为0.752ng/ml,定量限为4.512ng/ml,平均回收率为99.9%（RSD=1.2%）。结论：本法简便,灵敏、准确、专属性强,可用于盐酸丁丙诺啡注射液中5-羟甲基糠醛的检查。     

葡萄糖注射液不同灭菌条件下5-羟甲基糠醛的含量

<正>葡萄糖注射液或者含葡萄糖的灭菌制剂,在灭菌时,温度超过120℃、时间超过30min,溶液开始变黄,随着温度升高、时间延长,颜色逐渐加深,这种现象与葡萄糖注射液在制     

肾上腺素原料药及盐酸肾上腺素注射液杂质的HPLC-QTOF MS分析

目的:建立HPLC-QTOF MS法测定肾上腺素原料药及盐酸肾上腺素注射液杂质。方法:采用Eclipse plus C18色谱柱(3.0 mm×100 mm,1.8μm),以5 mmol.L-1甲酸铵水溶液-0.1%甲酸水溶液(A)/乙腈(B)为流动相,流速为0.3 mL.min-1,梯度洗脱,梯度条件如下:0→4 min,2%B;4→10 min,2%～50%B;10→12 min,50%～90%B;12→15 min,90%B;柱温为30℃。采用正离子模式采集数据。结果:原料药和注射液中共检出3个杂质,分别为肾上腺酮、肾上腺素磺化物和4-[2-(丁基-2-基氨基)-1-羟乙基]苯酚。结论:本法简便、灵敏,准确,可用于肾上腺素原料药及制剂的杂质定性分析。     

高效液相色谱法测定盐酸氨溴索注射液中2种杂质的含量

目的采用高效液相色谱法测定盐酸氨溴索注射液中2种有关物质的含量。方法采用辛烷基硅烷键合硅胶Kromasil 100-5C8柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),以磷酸二氢铵缓冲液(取磷酸氢二铵2 g,溶于800m L水中,用磷酸调p H值至4.0,再加水稀释成1 000 m L)-甲醇(45:55)为流动相,流速为1.0 m L·min-1,检测波长分别为238、250 nm,柱温:30℃。结果杂质B反-4-(6,8-二溴-1,2,3,4-四氢喹唑啉-3-基)环己醇和杂质E 2-氨基-3,5-二溴苯甲醛的检出限分别为9.39 ng、3.70 ng,定量限分别为18.78 ng、11.10ng;线性范围分别为0.376¹8.8μg·m L-1(r=0.999 9)、0.38618.8μg·m L-1(r=0.999 9)、0.386⁷.72μg·m L-1(r=0.999 8),平均加样回收率均在99.8%7.72μg·m L-1(r=0.999 8),平均加样回收率均在99.8%¹00.1%,RSD均<0.5%。结论该方法测定盐酸氨溴索注射液中的有关物质方法简便、准确、专属性强,可用于盐酸氨溴索注射液中有关物质的质量控制。     

Analytical control of genotoxic impurities in the pazopanib hydrochloride manufacturing process

Pharmaceutical regulatory agencies are increasingly concerned with trace-level genotoxic impurities in drug substances, requiring manufacturers to deliver innovative approaches for their analysis and control. The need to control most genotoxic impurities in the low ppm level relative to the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API), combined with the often reactive and labile nature of genotoxic impurities, poses significant analytical challenges. Therefore, sophisticated analytical methodologies are often developed to test and control genotoxic impurities in drug substances. From a quality-by-design perspective, product quality (genotoxic impurity levels in this case) should be built into the manufacturing process. This necessitates a practical analysis and control strategy derived on the premise of in-depth process understanding. General guidance on how to develop strategies for the analysis and control of genotoxic impurities is currently lacking in the pharmaceutical industry. In this work, we demonstrate practical examples for the analytical control of five genotoxic impurities in the manufacturing process of pazopanib hydrochloride, an anticancer drug currently in Phase III clinical development, which may serve as a model for the other products in development. Through detailed process understanding, we implemented an analysis and control strategy that enables the control of the five genotoxic impurities upstream in the manufacturing process at the starting materials or intermediates rather than at the final API. This allows the control limits to be set at percent levels rather than ppm levels, thereby simplifying the analytical testing and the analytical toolkits to be used in quality control laboratories.     

Analytical control of process impurities in Pazopanib hydrochloride by impurity fate mapping

Understanding the origin and fate of organic impurities within the manufacturing process along with a good control strategy is an integral part of the quality control of drug substance. Following the underlying principles of quality by design (QbD), a systematic approach to analytical control of process impurities by impurity fate mapping (IFM) has been developed and applied to the investigation and control of impurities in the manufacturing process of Pazopanib hydrochloride, an anticancer drug approved recently by the U.S. FDA. This approach requires an aggressive chemical and analytical search for potential impurities in the starting materials, intermediates and drug substance, and experimental studies to track their fate through the manufacturing process in order to understand the process capability for rejecting such impurities. Comprehensive IFM can provide elements of control strategies for impurities. This paper highlights the critical roles that analytical sciences play in the IFM process and impurity control. The application of various analytical techniques (HPLC, LC–MS, NMR, etc.) and development of sensitive and selective methods for impurity detection, identification, separation and quantification are highlighted with illustrative examples. As an essential part of the entire control strategy for Pazopanib hydrochloride, analytical control of impurities with ‘meaningful’ specifications and the ‘right’ analytical methods is addressed. In particular, IFM provides scientific justification that can allow for control of process impurities up-stream at the starting materials or intermediates whenever possible.     

盐酸洛美沙星光降解杂质研究以及盐酸洛美沙星注射剂有关物质的检测

目的 采用LC-IT/TOF-MS方法对盐酸洛美沙星光降解杂质进行研究,并采用高效液相色谱法测定盐酸洛美沙星注射剂中有关物质.方法 用LC-IT/TOF-MS技术分离并鉴定盐酸洛美沙星光降解杂质,并通过化学合成和制备液相的方法得到杂质A(A为8-氟-9-(3-甲基-1-哌嗪基)-6-氧代-2,6-二氢-1H-吡咯并[3,2,1-ij]喹啉-5-羧酸)、杂质B(8-氟-9-(3-甲基-1-哌嗪基)-6-氧代-2,6-二氢-1H-吡咯并[3,2,1-ij]喹啉-5-羧酸).用HPLC建立有关物质检测方法,用岛津VP-ODS C18(150mm×4.6mm,5μm)色谱柱,流动相:戊烷磺酸钠溶液-甲醇梯度洗脱,检测波长:287nm:柱温:40℃;流速:1.0mL/min.结果 制得的杂质A、杂质B的质谱信息与盐酸洛美沙星相应的光降解杂质一致.有关物质HPLC检查法专属性较好,杂质A、B相对主峰保留时间为0.6、1.4,校正因子分别为1.37和2.37.杂质A的检测限为0.3ng,定量限为1ng.杂质B的检测限为1.1ng,定量限为3.3ng.结论 有关物质检测方法适于盐酸洛美沙星的质量控制,盐酸洛美沙星注射剂应注意避光以减少光降解杂质的产生.     

盐酸特拉唑嗪杂质的合成

目的为了加强对α受体阻滞剂类抗高血压药盐酸特拉唑嗪原料药的质量控制,合成了盐酸特拉唑嗪的3个特定杂质。方法以盐酸特拉唑嗪为原料,经重氮化、水解反应制得1-(4-羟基-6,7-二甲氧基-2-喹唑啉基)-4-[(四氢呋喃基)碳酰基]-哌嗪(杂质B);以盐酸特拉唑嗪为起始原料,经水解制得1-(4-氨基-6,7-二甲氧基-2-喹唑啉基)哌嗪二盐酸盐(杂质C);以2-氯-4-氨基-6,7-二甲氧基喹唑啉为起始原料,经N-取代反应制得1,4-二(4-氨基-6,7-二甲氧基-2-喹唑啉基)哌嗪二盐酸盐(杂质E)。结果与结论合成的3种杂质的结构经1H-NMR、MS确证,纯度相当或优于美国药典杂质对照品,可以作为盐酸特拉唑嗪原料药质量控制的杂质对照品。     

Formulation and evaluation of a gastroretentive dosage form of labetalol hydrochloride

Labetalol hydrochloride (LBT), 2-hydroxy-5-[1-hydroxy-2-[(1-methyl-3-phenylpropyl) amino] ethyl]-benzamide, a non-selective α, β-adrenoceptor antagonist is used in the treatment of hypertension. It shows variable bioavailability ranging from 10–80% which may be attributed to its minimum solubility in pH range 6 to 10, the pH conditions prevailing at the major site of absorption i.e. small intestine. Also due to its half life of 3 to 6 hrs it is administered twice daily. In the present work non-effervescent sustained release gastroretentive floating tablets of labetalol hydrochloride have been developed using various grades of HPMC and Poloxamer M127 as wetting agent. The tablets were evaluated for in vitro drug release, floating time, floating lag time, swelling studies etc. The tablets formulated with HPMC K4M CR and HPMC K15M CR along with Poloxamer showed negligible floating lag time with a total floating time over 12 hrs with complete release. Formulation was optimized using Stat-Ease Design Expert 7.1 software. Optimized batch was evaluated for the effect of change of osmolarity and pH on drug release, floating and swelling behaviour.