C-反应蛋白与冠状动脉病变的相关性及其临床意义

目的 :探讨血浆 C-反应蛋白 （CRP）与冠脉病变的稳定性、程度及范围的关系。方法 :根据冠状动脉造影结果和临床表现 ,将 135例冠心病患者分组比较他们的血浆 CRP水平。结果 :1不稳定型心绞痛患者血浆 CRP水平高于稳定型心绞痛患者 （15 .0± 3.4 vs5 .8± 0 .8m g/ L,P<0 .0 1） ;2冠脉堵塞组患者的血浆 CRP较狭窄组患者高 （18.2± 3.1vs9.3± 1.9mg/ L,P<0 .0 1） ;3多支病变组患者的血浆 CRP明显高于单支病变组患者 （15 .0± 2 .7vs6 .8± 0 .8mg/ L,P<0 .0 1）。结论 :血浆 CRP水平与冠状动脉病变相关 ,对判断冠脉病变稳定性、程度及范围具有一定价值     

C反应蛋白与冠心病病变程度的相关性

目的研究C反应蛋白（CRP）与冠心病病变程度的关系。方法测定经冠状动脉造影确诊的98例冠心病患者血浆CRP浓度。98例患者被分为3组:稳定型心绞痛组（n=32）、不稳定型心绞痛组（n=46）和急性心肌梗死组（n=20）;又根据血管病变程度分为单支血管病变组（n=56）及多支血管病变组（n=42）;同时以冠状动脉造影排除冠心病的23例患者作为对照组,比较各组间血浆CRP浓度。结果冠心病患者各组CRP浓度均较正常对照组增高（P<0.05）。在冠心病各亚组中,不稳定型心绞痛组血浆CRP浓度高于稳定型心绞痛组,而急性心肌梗死组CRP浓度分别高于稳定型心绞痛和不稳定型心绞痛组（P<0.01）。多支血管病变组CRP含量更显著高于单支血管病变组（P<0.01）。结论血浆CRP浓度与冠心病病变程度有密切关系。     

冠心病C反应蛋白及甘油三酯/高密度脂蛋白胆固醇比值变化的研究

目的 :探讨冠心病 （CHD）病情程度与 C反应蛋白 （CRP）及甘油三酯 /高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 （TG/ HDL- C）比值的关系。方法 :测定 12 8例 CHD患者的血浆 CRP浓度、TG浓度、HDL- C浓度及 TG/ HDL- C比值 ,并与对照组（健康者 12 0例 ）相比较 ,分析 CRP及 TG/ HDL - C比值的临床意义。结果 :CRP浓度及 TG/ HDL - C比值在对照组、稳定型心绞痛组、不稳定型心绞痛组分别为 :2 2 93± 10 8μg/ L ,1.87± 0 .41;5 2 16± 32 8μg/ L ,3.2 6± 0 .81;13811±86 1μg/ L,3.6 6± 1.0 2 ;稳定型心绞痛组及不稳定型心绞痛组明显高于对照组 （分别为 P<0 .0 5、P<0 .0 1）。CHD组中 ,两指标在慢性充血性心力衰竭 I°组、 °组、 °组中分别为 :5 981± 391μg/ L,2 .0 2± 0 .39;11912± 90 8μg/ L,3.6 1± 0 .99;132 13± 989μg/ L ,4.82± 1.0 9;心力衰竭 °组、 °组明显高于心力衰竭 I°组 （P<0 .0 1）。同时 ,CRP浓度与 TG浓度呈正相关 （r=0 .5 4,P<0 .0 5 ） ;CRP浓度与 HDL - C浓度呈负相关 （r=- 0 .15 ,P<0 .0 1）。结论 :CRP及TG/ HDL- C比值在临床评价 CHD病情程度及预后方面具有一定的指导意义。 CRP与血脂之间存在着相关性。     

102例冠心病病人C反应蛋白水平与病变程度关系探讨

目的探讨血浆C反应蛋白(CRP)水平与冠心病(CHD)严重程度之间的关系.方法测定102例冠心病病人血浆CRP浓度,并与正常对照组104例血浆CRP浓度进行比较,分析两组之间以及冠心病组中急性心肌梗死、不稳定型心绞痛、稳定型心绞痛与相应CRP浓度的关系.结果 CRP浓度在正常对照组、稳定型心绞痛组、不稳定型心绞痛组、急性心肌梗死组依次增高,分别为(2.2±0.2)mg/L、(5.8±0.4)mg/L、(12.7±1.1)mg/L和(18.6±1.1)mg/L.结论 CRP浓度与冠心病病变程度呈正相关.     

C反应蛋白水平与冠心病的相关性研究

目的 探讨冠状动脉粥样硬化心脏病(CHD)与C反应蛋白(CRP)之间的关系.方法 测定50例正常对照人群和80例经冠状动脉造影证实为CHD患者血浆的CRP水平,其中单支病变30例、双支病变25例、三支病变25例;稳定型心绞痛31例、不稳定型心绞痛25例,急性心肌梗死24例.结果 CRP 水平在稳定型心绞痛组、不稳定型心绞痛组、急性心肌梗死组依次增高;稳定型心绞痛组(F=1.826,P＜0.05)、不稳定型心绞痛组(F=4.232,P＜0.01)及急性心肌梗死组(F=6.745,P＜0.01)的CRP水平均明显高于对照组,在冠心病组中,双支病变组(F=7.925,P＜0.01)以及三支病变组(F=9.467,P＜0.01)中CRP 水平也明显高于对照组.结论 CRP水平与冠心病和冠脉病变程度相关.     

冠心病患者激活蛋白-1和脂联素与冠状动脉病变的关系

目的: 探讨冠心病(CHD)患者外周血白细胞内激活蛋白-1(AP-1)和血浆脂联素浓度与CHD及冠状动脉粥样硬化病变的关系。方法: 冠状动脉造影患者142例,分为CHD组和对照组。CHD组根据临床类型分为稳定型心绞痛（SAP）和急性冠脉综合征（ACS）组;根据冠状动脉病变类型分为A,B和C型病变组;根据冠状动脉病变狭窄程度分为轻、中和重度病变组。用ELISA法测定外周血白细胞裂解液中磷酸化c-Jun吸光度（A）,反映活化AP-1数量;血浆脂联素浓度通过ELISA法测定。结果: CHD组磷酸化c-Jun明显高于对照组(1.43±0.33 vs 0.71±0.13, P<0.01),脂联素明显低于对照组［(6.1±1.8) mg/L vs (10.2±1.5) mg/L, P<0.01］;ACS组磷酸化c-Jun明显高于SAP组(1.56±0.28 vs 1.14±0.25, P<0.01) ,脂联素明显低于SAP组［(5.4±1.5) mg/L vs (7.6±1.7) mg/L, P<0.01］。随冠状动脉病变类型和病变程度的加重,磷酸化c-Jun逐渐升高,脂联素逐渐降低。脂联素浓度与冠脉Gensini评分呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论: 磷酸化c-Jun表达量增高和血浆脂联素浓度降低与CHD类型及冠脉病变情况显著相关。     

检测C反应蛋白对冠心病诊断的临床意义

目的研究血浆C反应蛋白（CRP）水平与冠心病（CHD）严重程度之间的关系。方法冠心病组86例分成稳定型心绞痛组55例，急性心肌梗死组31例。正常对照组80例。用免疫散射光比浊法测定CRP含量。结果CRP浓度在正常对照组、稳定型心绞痛组、急性心肌梗死组依次增高，稳定型心绞痛组和急性心肌梗死组均明显高于对照组（P〈0．01），冠心病组间也有显著差异（P〈0．01）。结论血浆CRP浓度与冠心病病变程度有密切关系。     

脂蛋白相关磷脂酶A2及血小板活化因子与急性冠脉综合征临床研究

目的探讨急性冠脉综合征患者血浆脂蛋白相关磷脂酶A2（1ipoprotein-associated phospholipaseA,Lp-PIA2）和血小板活化因子（platelet activating factor,PAF）浓度变化及其临床意义。方法选择经冠状动脉造影检查的260例心内科住院患者,按照临床表现及造影结果分组：急性冠脉综合征组115例,包括不稳定型心绞痛亚组70例、急性心肌梗死亚组45例;非急性冠脉综合征冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病（冠心病）组94例,包括稳定型心绞痛亚组56例、冠状动脉慢性完全闭塞亚组38例;正常冠状动脉对照组51例。采用夹心酶联免疫吸附法检血浆Lp-PLA2及PAF浓度。结果与对照组比较,急性冠脉综合征及非急性冠脉综合征患者血浆Lp-PLA2[（89．05±25．01）μg／Lvs．（11．85±4．17）μg／L,P〈0．001;（19．86±9．91）μg／Lvs．（11．85±4．17）μg／L,P〈O．01l及PAF[（139．44±56．49）μg／Lvs．（58．67±12．46）μg／L,P〈O．001;（64．36±13．89）μg／Lvs（58．67±12．46）μg／L,P〈0．05]浓度显著升高,差异均有统计学意义。与对照组比较,亚组中,除稳定型心绞痛亚组血浆Lp—PLA：及PAF浓度无明显升高外（P〉0．05）,其余亚组包括不稳定型心绞痛、急性心肌梗死、冠状动脉慢性完全闭塞亚组的Lp—PLA：及PAF浓度均显著升高,差异有统计学意义（均P〈O．01）。结论血浆Lp-PLA2及PAF浓度在急性冠脉综合征患者明显增高,可能提示粥样斑块不稳定性,有可能成为急性冠脉综合征的新的干预靶点。     

内皮脂肪酶检测在冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病患者中的意义

目的结合血清高敏C反应蛋白（high—sensitivityC—reactionprotein,hs．CRP）,探讨血清内皮脂肪酶（endotheliallipase,EL）与冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病（冠心病）及冠状动脉病变程度的关系。方法对入选对象行冠状动脉造影,同步进行心电图、外周血EL、hs—CRP、肌酸激酶同工酶、心肌肌钙蛋白I参数检测和常规身体检查后设正常对照组（30例）和冠心病组（85例）;再将冠心病组分为稳定型心绞痛亚组（39例）、急性冠脉综合征亚组（46例）;同时也将85例冠心病患者分为冠状动脉单支病变（34例）亚组与多支病变（51例）亚组。比较组间外周血EL、hs．CRP浓度差异,评价两者在冠心病患者中的相关性及其与冠状动脉病变程度的相关性。结果冠心病组血清EL、hs—CRP浓度显著高于正常对照组,差异有统计学意义[EL：（762．91±72．62）μg／Lvs（368．23＋42．14）μg／L,P〈0．05：hs—CRP：（12．76±3．08）mg／Lvs（2．34±1．53）mg／L,P〈0．05]。急性冠脉综合征组血清EL及hs．CRP浓度显著高于稳定型心绞痛组,差异有统计学意义[（856．44±36．85）μg／Lvs（478．26±24．53）μg／L,P〈0．05;（21．89±4．36）mg／Lvs（5．76±6．21）mg／L,P〈0．05]。冠心病组中,51例冠状动脉多支病变患者血清EL浓度明显高于34例单支病变患者,差异有统计学意义[（817．98±51．53）μg／Lvs（705．42±34．61）μg／L,P〈0．05]。所有患者血清EL浓度与hs．CRP浓度呈正相关（r=0．327,P=0．02）。结论EL在预测冠心病中有重要价值,它们在冠心病外周血中浓度的升高可以提示冠状动脉粥样斑块的不稳定,且在预测冠状动脉病变程度方面也有一定作用。     

巨噬细胞移动抑制因子与冠状动脉病变的关系

目的探讨冠心病患者血浆巨噬细胞移动抑制因子（MIF）水平与冠状动脉粥样硬化病变的关系。方法根据选择性冠状动脉造影结果将142例患者分为冠心病组和对照组。冠心病组根据临床诊断分为稳定型心绞痛（SAP）和急性冠脉综合征（ACS）组;根据冠状动脉病变范围将冠心病组分为单支病变、双支病变和三支病变组。血浆MIF浓度通过ELISA法测定。结果冠心病组MIF水平明显高于对照组〔（14.97±4.11）vs（9.07±1.28）μg/L〕,ACS组MIF浓度又明显高于SAP组〔（16.66±3.56）vs（11.01±2.12）μg/L〕。随冠状动脉病变范围的增加,MIF浓度逐渐升高,各组间差异有显著统计学意义。结论MIF增高与冠状动脉粥样硬化发生显著相关,其可以做为预测冠状动脉粥样硬化病变情况的一个指标,与冠状动脉粥样硬化斑块不稳定关系更密切。     

Provisional T-stenting and kissing balloon in the treatment of coronary bifurcation lesions: results of the French multicenter "TULIPE" study.

BACKGROUND: In previous prospective studies, a strategy of (a) stenting of the main branch, (b) provisional T-stenting of the side branch, and (c) final kissing balloon inflation, was associated with high success and low target lesion revascularization (TLR) rates on the long-term. OBJECTIVES: To examine the performance of this strategy in a multicenter study. METHODS: Consecutive patients were treated at 14 French medical centers for de novo coronary bifurcation lesions with the same technique used. Immediate results and clinically-driven TLR at 7 months were examined. RESULTS: The mean reference diameters of the main and side branches were 3.2 +/- 0.6 mm and 2.4 +/- 0.5 mm, respectively. The side branch was stented in 34% of patients. A <30% residual stenosis in the main branch was achieved in 99%, <50% in the side branch in 90%, and both in 89% of procedures. The in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular event were a Q-wave and 5 non-Qwaves MI (0.54% and 2.7%). At 7 months of follow-up, 3 patients (1.76%) had died, 1 suffered a non-Q-wave MI (0.59%), and 28 (15.88%) underwent TLR. By multivariate analysis, a lower left ventricular ejection fraction (OR: 0.934), moderate calcifications (OR: 7.86), and non-use of the "jailed" wire technique (OR: 4.26) were associated with reinterventions during follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: A strategy of provisional T-stenting with a tubular stent and final kissing balloon angioplasty for the treatment of coronary bifurcation lesions was safe and associated with a low TLR rate at 7 months. This strategy should be applicable to the new era of drug eluting stents.     

Grading the angiographic extent of collateral filling

Angiography frequently demonstrates a collateral circulation in severe coronary artery disease. An easily applicable method to quantify collateral flow might be a useful adjunct for the assessment of the hemodynamic effects of coronary artery disease. The purpose of this study was to validate a visual scaling of the extent of angiographic collateral filling by comparison with flowmeter- and microsphere-derived measurements of collateral flow. In 12 open-chest dogs, collaterals from the circumflex artery were angiographically visualized (n = 80) by creating acute critical left anterior descending artery occlusion. The extent of collateral filling was graded in four levels from 0 = no visible filling to 3 = complete epicardial filling. Collateral filling correlated with the change in flow of the collateral supplying circumflex artery (Q; r = 0.84) which was + 5.3 ±4.6% with grade 1, + 9.1 ±3.5% with grade 2 and + 14.6 ±4.7% with grade 3 (p < 0.01). In parallel, coronary flow reserve decreased from 4.1 ±0.8 with grade 0 to 2.9 ±0.2 with grade 3 (p < 0.01). Colored microspheres were injected subselectively into the circumflex artery of 9 dogs (45 injections). The ratio of microspheres counted in the collateralized myocardium of the left anterior descending artery to the total number injected increased from 0.6 ±0.9% for grade 0 to 17.1 ±2.8% with grade 3 (p < 0.01). Absolute collateral flow derived from microsphere counts averaged 5.5 ±0.9 ml/min with grade 3 and closely correlated with collateral filling grade (r = 0.88). Semiquantitative grading of angiographic collateral filling in response to acute coronary occlusion in a canine model correlates with an increase in collateral source artery flow, absolute collateral flow and a decrease in source artery flow reserve. These data suggest that this scale might be a simple but useful adjunct tool to assess the hemodynamic significance of a collateral circulation.This work was supported by a grant from the NLHBI 1 R01 HL40865. Dr. Schuhlen is the recipient of a grant from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (#Schu657/1-1 and 1–2).     

Embolization complicating coronary angioplasty in the presence of an intracoronary thrombus

Two cases of coronary occlusion and subsequent embolization during percutaneous coronary angioplasty (PTCA) are described. Prior to PTCA, angiographic evidence of intracoronary thrombus was present. Abrupt reclosure after dilation was treated by successful redilation. However, coronary embolization of thrombus debris occurred downstream in one patient and into an adjacent coronary branch in the second patient.     

非罪犯冠脉斑块研究的进展

加强冠心病的二级预防是目前防控急性冠脉综合征（ACS）的重要手段。本文对ACS与非罪犯冠脉斑块的关系作了综述。     

LAD-right ventricular fistula complicating PTCA: Another case

Coronary perforation caused by percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) occurs rarely and most often leads to communication to the pericardial space. We report a case where PTCA caused a coronary artery rupture and fistulization to the right ventricular outflow tract. Cathet. Cardiovasc. Diagn. 42:34–36, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Treatment of ruptured coronary aneurysm with a novel covered stent

Coronary artery aneurysms are relatively rare but have been diagnosed with increasing frequency since the advent of coronary arteriography. Their reported incidence varies from 1.5% to 5% with male dominance and a predilection for the right coronary artery (RCA), accounting for over 40% of all cases. The most common etiology amongst adults remains atherosclerosis accounting for 50% of coronary aneurysms. We describe the first use of a novel flexible pericardium covered stent for successful treatment of a ruptured coronary aneurysm in 76 year old lady. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

Techniques for palmaz-schatz stent deployment in lesions with a large side branch

Palmaz-Schatz coronary stent implantation in lesions with a large side branch are reported. The first case describes how to manage plaque shifting after stent implantation. The second and third cases demonstrate a kissing balloon predilatation and stent dilatation technique of a bifurcational lesion. The final case demonstrates a stent implantation technique through the stent struts of a previously deployed stent.     

Is short-stay coronary angioplasty safe?

Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) is usually performed as an inpatient procedure and the patients are monitored for several days afterward. Over a 13-month period, in 91 of 373 PTCA procedures, the clinical condition of the patient did not necessitate inpatient status before PTCA. PTCA was done the day of admission and discharge planned the following. Overall hospital stay was planned as less than 24 hours. PTCA was done in one vessel in 62 patients, two vessels in 24, three vessels in 3, and four vessels in 2 patients. PTCA was initially successful (less than 50% residual stenosis) in 85 patients (93%). In one of these, acute occlusion occurred the next morning and urgent bypass surgery was done. PTCA failed in 6 patients who left the catheterization laboratory with unchanged coronary anatomy. Bypass surgery was performed that day in 2 patients, on another admission in 1 patient, and medical therapy continued in the other 3 patients. Of the 88 patients not receiving same admission bypass surgery, 84 (95%) were discharged in less than 24 h. Hospitalization was prolonged (1-5 days) in 4 patients. This was because of nonobstructive dissection treated with heparin for approximately 24 h in 2 patients; a catheterization site hematoma in 1 patient, and post-PTCA noncardiac chest pain in another. No patient had inhospital myocardial infarction or death. The only late complication was in a patient treated with heparin and monitored for 2 days; 3 weeks later angina returned and he died suddenly. These data suggest PTCA can safely be done in selected patients with both single and multivessel disease in a short stay inhospital setting.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Angiographic demonstration of coronary sinus thrombosis: A potential consequence of trauma to the coronary sinus

Abnormalities of the coronary sinus are rarely encountered. A case is presented demonstrating for the first time the angiographic appearance of coronary sinus thrombosis. This may have been the result of surgical trauma during mitral valve replacement or inadvertent cannulation of the coronary sinus during right heart catheterization or pacemaker insertion. Although the clinical significance of coronary sinus thrombosis is uncertain, obstruction of coronary sinus blood flow should not be deleterious because of multiple anastomoses between the coronary sinus system and the anterior cardiac veins. Difficulty in cannulating the coronary sinus for physiologic studies should suggest the possibility of coronary sinus thrombosis, especially in patients who have undergone mitral valve replacement. This may be confirmed by observing the venous phase of selective left coronary arteriography. Finally, coronary sinus thrombosis may be important as a source of pulmonary emboli. The prevalence of this serious complication requires further study.     

Coronary arteriovenous-arterial fistula

A case of multiple arteriovenous fistulae is described in an adult with coronary artery disease. One of these fistulae drained into the anterior interventricular vein, which in turn communicated with and perfused an obstructed left anterior descending coronary artery.