经皮胆总管探查内置管内引流术治疗胆道多发结石

目的 探讨经皮胆总管探查、内置管内引流手术治疗胆道多发结石的临床效果.方法 回顾性分析2002年3月至2010年9月解放军第四五一医院收治的962例胆总管结石患者的临床资料.全组患者均行LC,采用自制器械行胆总管探查,将内置管放置在胆总管和十二指肠内以内引流胆汁,通过十二指肠注水的膨抽试验确认内置管放入十二指肠,术后30 d经十二指肠镜拔出内置管.结果 全组患者中成功完成经皮胆总管探查、内置管内引流手术864例,中转开腹42例,中转腹腔镜胆总管T管外引流56例.864例患者手术时间为20～72 min,平均手术时间为(36±18)min;术后住院时间为(6.6±2.1)d;术后出现腹膜后腔脓肿经局部引流治疗痊愈2例,出现胆汁漏经保守治疗痊愈32例;术后30 d 862例患者通过B超检查随访,其中603例发现胆总管内置管影像,经十二指肠镜拔出内置管,1例内置管回缩胆总管经EST取出,258例内置管自然脱落.864例患者术后随访1～3年无胆管狭窄,26例胆总管复发结石经EST取出.结论 经皮胆总管探查、内置管内引流手术是治疗胆道多发结石的一种安全而简便的微创方法.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the efficacy of laparoscopic percutaneous common bile duct exploration (LPCBDE) with internal draining tube placement for the treatment of cholelithiasis. Methods The clinical data of 962 patients with choledocholithiasis who were admitted to the No. 451 Hospital of PLA were retrospectively analyzed. A self-made internal draining tube was placed in the common bile duct and duodenum to drain bile internally. The correct position of the internal draining tube was comfirmed by injecting water into and draining water from duodenum. The internal draining tube was pulled out with the help of duodenoscope at 30 days after the operation. Results LPCBDE with internal draining tube placement was successfully performed on 864 patients. Forty-two patients were transferred to open surgery, and 56 patients were transferred to receive LPCBDE with T-tube drainage. The mean operation time was (36 ± 18) minutes (range, 20-72 minutes), and the length of postoperative hospital stay was (6.6 ±2.1)days. Two patients were complicated with retroperitoneal abscess and they were cured by puncture and drainage, 32 patients were complicated with bile leakage and they were cured by conservative treatment. A total of 862 patients were followed up by B ultrasound at 30 days after the operation. The internal draining tube which was confirmed in the common bile duct was extracted with duodenoscope in 603 patients; the internal draining tube which was drawn back in 1 patient was removed with endoscopic sphincterotomy ( EST); the internal draining tube was removed naturally in 258 patients. The follow-up period ranged from 1 to 3 years, 26 patients had recurrent cholelithiasis and they were treated by EST. Conclusions LPCBDE with internal draining tube placement is a safe and minimally invasive method for the treatment of cholelithiasis.     

多镜联合治疗肝外胆管结石3780例

目的 探讨腹腔镜、胆道镜、十二指肠镜联合治疗肝外胆管结石的方法及疗效.方法 回顾性分析1998年3月至2010年6月兰州大学第一医院收治的3780例肝外胆管结石患者的临床资料,根据患者胆管结石不同位置和采用腹腔镜、胆道镜、十二指肠镜的情况,将患者分为"一镜"、"二镜"、"三镜"治疗组;通过患者治疗后的影像学检查和随访结果,比较3组患者治疗的成功率和并发症的发生率.结果 "一镜"治疗组1425例患者,成功率为89.54%(1276/1425),并发症发生率为6.73%(86/1276);149例治疗失败,其中83例接受"二镜"治疗、66例接受"三镜"治疗."二镜"治疗组1792例患者(含转入83例),成功率为95.93%(1719/1792),并发症发生率为4.07%(70/1719);73例治疗失败(转入"三镜"治疗组)."三镜"治疗组785例(含转入139例)患者,成功率为99.75%(783/785),并发症发生率为0.26%(2/783);2例治疗失败患者选择开腹手术治疗.结论 腹腔镜、胆道镜、十二指肠镜联合应用治疗肝外胆管结石可以优势互补,明显提高结石取尽成功率,降低术后并发症的发生率.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the efficacy of combined application of laparoscope and multiple endoscopes for the treatment of extra-hepatic bile duct stones.Methods The clinical data of 3780 patients with extra-hepatic bile duct stones who were admitted to the First Hospital of Lanzhou University from March 1998 to June 2010 were retrospectively analyzed.According to the condition of bile duct stones,laparoscope,choledochoscope and duodenoscope were applied separately or combinately.All patients were divided into A,B and C groups.Patients in group A were treated by laparoseopy,choledochoscopy or duodenoscopy;patients in group B were treated by choledochoscopy+duodenoscopy.duodenoscopy+laparoscopy or laparoscopy+choledochoscopy;patients in group C were treated by laparoscopy+duodenoscopy+choledochoscopy.The efficacies of different treatment approaches were analyzed by comparing the results of imaging examination and follow-up.Results The curative rate and complication rate of the group A were 89.54%(1276/1425)and 6.73%(86/1276),respectively.Of the 149 patients in the group A who were failed in the treatment,83 patients were transferred to the group B,and 66 patients were transferred to the group C.The curative rate and complication rate of the group B(including 83 patients transferred from the group A)were 95.93%(1719/1792)and 4.07%(70/1719),respectively,and 73 patients who were failed in the treatment were transferred to the group C.The curative rate and complication rate of the group C(including 139 patients transferred from the group C)were 99.75%(783/785)and 0.26% (2/783),respectively,and 2 patients who were failed in the treatment received open surgery.Conclusion Combined application of laparoscope and endoscopes could raise the success rate of stone clearance and decrease the postoperative complications.     

十二指肠镜联合腹腔镜治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石

Objective To summarize the curative effect of three-dimensional spiral CT cholangiography combined with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP),endoscopic sphincterotomy(EST)and laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC)for treatment of patients with cholelithiasts concurrent with choledocholithiasis.Methods A retrospective analysis was carried out for 30 cases of cholelithiasts concurrent with choledocholithiasis which were treated with ERCP and three-dimensional spiral CT cholangiography before laparoscopic cholecystectomy from July 2007 to June 2009.And the post operation parameters were compared with those of 36 patients who received traditional operation from July 2005 to June 2007.Results All the procedures were successfully accomplished.Complication occurred in 2 cases.both with mild acute pancreatitis.With the three-dimensional spiral CT cholangiography,the intra-hepatic bile ducts,the hepatic bile duct and the common bile duct were visible in 100 percent patients,and choleeyst bile duct was visible in 73%patients,and three-dimensional spiral CT cholangiography can tell the position of cholecyst duct,then can decrease the possibility of damage of bile duct.The gastrointestinal function recovery time and feeding time after operation,the in hospital time after operation in the ERCP and three-dimensional spiral CT cholangiography before laparoscopic cholecystectomy group were superior to those of the traditional operation patients(P＜0.05).Conclusion ERCP and three-dimensional spiral CT cholangiography before laparoscopic cholecystectomy for treatment of patients with cholelithiasts concurrent with choledocholithiasis is safe,with less trauma and fast recover after operation and Can decrease the possibility of damaging bile duct,which can be used widely.     

Topical nitrate drip infusion using cystic duct tube for retained bile duct stone:A six patients case series

A retained bile duct stone after operation for cholelithiasis still occurs and causes symptoms such as biliary colic and obstructive jaundice.An endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography with endoscopic sphincterotomy(EST),followed by stone extraction,are usually an effective treatment for this condition.However,these procedures are associated with severe complications including pancreatitis,bleeding,and duodenal perforation.Nitrates such as glyceryl trinitrate(GTN) and isosorbide dinitrate(ISDN) are known to relax the sphincter of Oddi.In 6 cases in which a retained stone was detected following cholecystectomy,topical nitrate drip infusion via cystic duct tube(C-tube) was carried out.Retained stones of 2-3 mm diameter and no dilated common bile duct in 3 patients were removed by drip infusion of 50 mg GTN or 10 mg ISDN,which was the regular dose of intravenous injection.Three other cases failed,and EST in 2 cases and endoscopic biliary balloon dilatation in 1 case were performed.One patient developed an adverse event of nausea.Severe complications were not observed.We consider the topical nitrate drip infusion via C-tube to be old but safe,easy,and inexpensive procedure for retained bile duct stone following cholecystectomy,inasmuch as removal rate was about 50% in our cases.     

术中三镜联合治疗胆囊结石伴胆总管结石的体会

随着腹腔镜、胆道镜、十二指肠镜的完善和发展,三镜联合应用开创了胆道微创治疗的新途径[1].我院2008年4月至2009年12月对60例胆囊结石伴胆总管结石患者分别采用了术中三镜联合腹腔镜胆囊切除胆总管探查取石一期缝合鼻胆管引流术(Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Exploration of the common bile duct Primary suture Nasobiliary drainage,LCEPN)和传统开腹胆囊切除胆总管探查T管引流术(Operation Cholecystectomy Exploration of the common bile duct T tube drain,OCET)治疗,现总结如下:     

Routine vs ``on demand' postoperative ERCP for small bile duct calculi detected at intraoperative cholangiography

Background: The detection of small and often asymptomatic gallbladder calculi within the bile duct at intraoperative cholangiography (IOC) during laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) frequently poses a management dilemma. Therefore, we set out to compare the outcomes and costs of two management strategies for small stones that remain in the bile duct after LC—routine postoperative endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) vs observation alone with ``on-demand' ERCP. Methods: We studied 70 patients with bile duct stones among 922 consecutive patients who underwent LC between 1990 and 1997. Data were collected prospectively. Bile duct calculi were detected in 70 of 705 patients (9.9%) with successful IOC. Of these, 44 patients had large calculi (≥5 mm in diameter) and were subjected to a laparoscopic common bile duct exploration. The remaining 26 patients had small calculi (<5 mm in diameter); four of them had undergone preoperative endoscopic sphincterotomy and duct clearance and were therefore excluded from analysis. Patients with small duct calculi were assigned, according to individual surgeon policy, to either routine postoperative ERCP (group A, n= 8) or observation (group B, n= 14). ERCP was reserved for those who become symptomatic. The two groups were comparable for age and sex distribution. Results: No complications developed during the follow-up period in patients assigned to observation, although four became symptomatic and underwent ERCP. In group A, ERCP demonstrated a clear biliary tree in four patients and bile duct calculi in three patients; it failed in one patient. In group B, ERCP demonstrated a clear bile duct in one patient and bile duct calculi in two patients; it also failed in one patient. Endoscopic sphincterotomy and duct clearance were achieved in all patients with demonstrable bile duct calculi at ERCP. There was no morbidity or mortality associated with ERCP. The overall hospital stay was significantly longer in group A than in group B (median 5 vs 1.5 days; p= 0.011); however, the number of outpatient clinic visits was significantly greater in group b (median 3 vs 5.5, p= 0.011). The mean hospital costs, including the costs of hospital stay, readmissions, ERCP, and follow-up, were significantly greater in group A than in group B (mean ￡2669 vs ￡1508, p= 0.008). Conclusion: A ``wait and see' policy of observation alone for patients with small bile duct calculi detected at IOC during LC appears to be safe, and it is more cost-effective than routine postoperative ERCP. ERCP should be reserved for post-LC patients who become symptomatic. Received: 20 May 1999/Accepted: 24 September 1999/Online publication: 28 September 2000     

"推拉牵引-放松归位-反复确认"技术在预防腹腔镜胆囊切除术中胆道损伤的临床价值

目的 探讨"推拉牵引-放松归位-反复确认"技术在腹腔镜胆囊切除术(1aparoscopic cholecystectomy,LC)中预防胆道损伤的临床价值.方法 2001年3月至2009年8月,笔者应用此项技术完成LC 4800例.每例患者均采用"推拉牵引"显露三角区的结构,"放松归位"恢复胆囊管、肝总管和胆总管的生理位置,"反复确认"多次明确胆囊管、肝总管和胆总管的关系后再离断胆囊管.结果 全组患者无胆道损伤发生;118例分别因胆囊Calot三角结构识别困难、胆管结石、胆囊癌和胆囊一十二指肠内瘘转开腹手术.结论 "推拉牵引-放松归位-反复确认"技术能有效的预防LC术中胆管损伤,方法简单,容易掌握,值得推广.

Abstract：

Objective To study the value of the technique of "Push-pull traction-relax homingrepeatedly confirmed" in the prevention of bile duct injury in LC. Methods From March 2001-August 2009, we applied this technique in 4800 cases of LC. The technique of "Push-pull traction" showed the structures of in the Calot's triangle. The technique of "relax homing" was to restore the cystic duct,hepatic duct and common bile duct to their original anatomical positions. The technique of "repeatedly confirmed" repeatedly identified the positions of the cystic duct, the common hepatic duct and the common bile duct. Results There was no bile duct injury. Conversion to open surgery happened in 118patients due to difficulties in identifying the Calot's triangle structures, bile duct stones, gallbladder cancer, and gallbladder-duodenal fistula. Conclusions The "Push-pull traction-relax homing-repeatedly confirmed" technique could effectively prevent bile duct injury in LC. The method is simple, easy to master and worthy of promotion.     

医源性总胆管远段损伤的术中诊治与预防

目的 探讨医源性总胆管远段损伤的术中诊治及预防.方法 回顾性复习1990年2月至2005年2月湖南省人民医院收治的22例医源性总胆管远段损伤的病例.结果 取石钳入腹膜腔(95.5%),注水试验阳性(100%).长臂T管支撑总胆管是有效的手段.全组18例获得随访,平均20.8个月,效果满意.结论 术中胆扩裸露征、注水试验是总胆管远段损伤的有效诊断手段.遵循浅、通、撑、抑四字外科原则,可获满意效果.满意的术野显露是有效的预防措施.

Abstract：

Objective To review the diagnosis and causes of iatrogenic injury to the distal choledochus at operation. Method The case notes of the patients with bile duct injuries that were treated in my Department from 1990.2-2005.2 were reviewed. Results To detect distal bile duct injuries, a sound in the bile duct had an accuracy rate of 95 % while injection of water into the bile duct to detect leakage had an accuracy rate of 100%. Using a long arm T tube in the common bile duct was an effective method to treat the injury. In 18 patients with an average follow-up time of 20. 8 months, the results were satisfactory. Conclusions Injecting water into the bile duct to diagnose distal common bile duct injury at operation was an effective way to detect distal bile duct injury. Adequate exposure of the opeative field is the best method to prevent bile duct injury.     

Minimally invasive treatment of cholecysto-choledocal lithiasis:The point of view of the surgical endoscopist

The rate of choledocholithiasis in patients with symptomatic cholelithiasis is estimated to be approximately 10%-33%,depending on the patient’s age.Development of Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography and Laparoscopic Surgery and improvement of diagnostic procedures have influenced new approaches to the management of common bile duct stones in association with gallstones.At present available minimally-invasive treatments of cholecysto-choledocal lithiasis include:single-stage laparoscopic treatment,perioperative endoscopic treatment and endoscopic treatment alone.Published data evidence that,associated endoscopic-laparoscopic approach necessitates increased number of procedures per patient while single-stage laparoscopic treatment is associated with a shorter hospital stay.However,current data does not suggest clear superiority of any one approach with regard to success,mortality,morbidity and cost-effectiveness.Considering the variety of therapeutic options available for management,a critical appraisal and decision-making is required.endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography/EST should be adopted on a selective basis,i.e.,in patients with acute obstructive suppurative cholangitis,severe biliary pancreatitis,ampullary stone impaction or severe comorbidity.In a setting where all facilities are available,decision in the selection of the therapeutic option depends on the patients,the number and size of choledocholithiasis stones,the anatomy of the cystic duct and common bile duct,the surgical history of patients and local expertise.     

磁共振多平面成像显示胆胰管汇合解剖特征

目的 探讨磁共振成像(MRI)显示胆胰管汇合区域精细解剖结构及其变异的可行性和价值.方法 研究纳入112例行上腹部MRI增强扫描的受检者,排除了临床及实验室检查证实有胰胆管疾病的患者.观察十二指肠乳头的位置、胆胰管汇合的方式,测量胆胰共同管或胆总管与十二指肠的夹角、胆胰管夹角.结果 大乳头位于十二指肠降部上、中、下段者分别占17.0%、66.0%、17.0%,胆胰共同管或胆总管与十二指肠的夹角为44.4°;胆胰管在十二指肠壁内汇合占11.6%,壁外汇合占80.4%,分别注入占8.0%,胆胰管夹角为37.8°.结论 MRI能清晰显示胆胰管汇合特征,能较好显示胆胰管不同汇合方式的细微差别,为临床诊断及治疗胆胰管汇合区疾病提供精细的影像解剖信息.

Abstract：

Objective To explore the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the display of detailed anatomical structures at the pancreaticobiliary junction. Methods 112 patients who received enhanced MRI of upper abdomen were included in the study. Patients with pancreatic and/or biliary diseases diagnosed clinically and with laboratory tests were excluded. The types of junction between the terminal common bile duct and the pancreatic duct, and the location of the major duodenal papilla were studied on MRI. We measured the angle between the duodenum and the common pancreaticobiliary duct or the common bile duct. Results Of the 112 patients, the duodenal papillas were located at the upper, middle, and lower segment of the duodenum in 17. 0%, 66. 0% and 17. 0%, respectively.The angle between the common pancreaticobiliary duct or the distal common bile duct and the descending duodenum was 44. 4°±17. 3°. The pancreatic duct and the common bile duct opened separately in 9 patients (8. 0%). The confluence of the two ducts was present inside and outside of the duodenum wall in 13 (11. 6%) and 90 patients (80. 4%), respectively. The angle between the distal common bile duct and the pancreatic duct was 37. 8°±15.1°. Conclusion MRI was able to display detailed anatomical structures of the pancreaticobiliary junction, including the angle of the junction between the two ducts and the location of the duodenal papilla. It has the ability to provide meticulous anatomical data for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases at the pancreaticobiliary junction and to help surgeons formulate operative plans.     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术中隐匿性胆总管结石的微创治疗

目的：探讨对腹腔镜胆囊切除术（ laparoscopic cholecystectomy ,LC）中隐匿性胆总管结石行微创治疗的可行性。方法2007年7月-2012年5月对27例LC术中发现的隐匿性胆总管结石采用微创治疗。胆囊管内径＞5 mm者经胆囊管胆道镜取石;胆总管内径＞6 mm者行胆囊管汇入胆总管处微切开后胆道镜取石,一期缝合或留置造影管;胆囊管内径≤5 mm、胆总管内径≤6 mm者直接留置造影管,术后再次造影,必要时行十二指肠镜乳头括约肌切开（ endoscopic sphincterotomy ,EST）取石。结果手术均获成功。8例直接经胆囊管胆道镜取石;11例行胆囊管汇入胆总管处微切开后胆道镜取石,一期缝合7例,留置造影管4例,1周后造影均阴性;8例直接留置造影管,1例术后36 h滑出,1周后ERCP造影胆囊管残端无渗漏,EST取石,术后1周再次造影3例结石消失,4例仍有结石,均经EST取出。无出血、胆漏、腹腔感染等并发症。24例随访6-24个月,平均16个月,无结石残留、胆管狭窄及胆管炎发生。结论熟练运用腹腔镜、胆道镜、十二指肠镜技术,对LC术中发现的隐匿性胆总管结石实施微创治疗是安全、可行的。     

两种微创术式治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石临床疗效的比较

目的:比较内镜逆行胰胆管造影(endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography,ERCP)/内镜十二指肠乳头括约肌切开术(endoscopic sphincterotomy,EST)+腹腔镜胆囊切除术(laparoscopic cholecystectomy,LC)与LC+腹腔镜胆总管探查取石术(laparoscopic common bile duct exploration,LCBDE)治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石的临床疗效及安全性。方法:回顾分析2013年1月至2014年8月收治的胆囊结石合并胆总管结石患者的临床资料,87例行ERCP/EST+LC(A组),71例行LC+LCBDE(B组)。结果:两组首次手术成功率(94.25%vs.92.96%,P=0.452)、中转开腹率(5.75%vs.7.04%,P=0.452)及术后并发症发生率(3.45%vs.2.82%,P=0.168)差异均无统计学意义,但B组手术时间[(105.7±9.2)min vs.(132.4±15.1)min,P=0.012]、住院时间[(5.5±2.8)d vs.(6.9±3.4)d,P=0.008]、住院费用[(5 347.1±672.1)元vs.(7 923.5±657.2)元,P=0.002]均少于A组。短期随访发现两组结石清除率无明显差别(97.7%vs.100%,P=0.219)。结论:ERCP/EST+LC、LC+LCBDE治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石同样安全、有效,LC+LCBDE在手术时间、住院时间及住院费用方面更具优势。因此,对于适当的病例,LC+LCBDE可作为首选的治疗方法。     

胆囊结石合并胆总管结石的外科微创治疗

目的探讨胆囊结石合并胆总管结石的外科微创治疗方式的选择,对比研究内镜下乳头括约肌切开术+腹腔镜胆囊切除(endoscopic sphincterotomy+laparoscopic cholecystectomy,EST+LC)和腹腔镜下胆总管探查(laparoscopic explorationof common bile duct/laparoscopic transcystic exploration of common bile duct,LCBDE/LTCBDE)。方法回顾分析2009年8月～2011年9月手术治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石56例的临床资料,EST+LC组26例,LCBDE/LTCBDE组30例,2组年龄、性别、体重指数、丙氨酸转氨酶、总胆红素、胆总管直径和ASA评分差异无显著性。对比2种微创治疗方式的住院时间、住院费用和治疗效果。结果 2组住院时间差异无显著性[(9.0±3.5)d vs.(10.1±3.4)d,t=-1.191,P=0.256]。EST+LC组住院费用高于LCBDE/LTCBDE组[(20 017.5±4748.8)元vs.(16 249.5±3366.1)元,t=3.459,P=0.001]。2组并发症和中转开腹的发生率差异无显著性[15.4%(4/26)vs.13.3%(4/30),χ2=0.000,P=1.000]。结论 EST+LC和LCBDE/LTCBDE是胆囊结石合并胆总管结石有效、安全的治疗方式,LCBDE/LTCBDE住院费用明显降低,两者之间并发症并无明显差异。     

腹腔镜胆囊切除胆道探查取石术与内镜下Oddi括约肌切开取石联合腹腔镜胆囊切除术的疗效比较

目的 比较腹腔镜胆囊切除（laparoscopic cholecystectomy,LC）胆道探查取石（laparoscopic common bile duct exploration,LCBDE）与内镜下Oddi括约肌切开(endoscopic sphincterotomy,EST)取石联合LC两种方法治疗继发性胆总管结石的疗效。方法 回顾性分析2008年1月至2009年12月我院收治的采用LC+ LCBDE或EST+ LC治疗的继发性胆总管结石患者的临床资料,对比两种方法的手术成功率、手术时间、术后并发症、残石率、住院时间、住院费用等。统计学处理,计数资料用X2检验,计量资料采用独立样本t检验。结果 共收治继发性胆总管结石患者163例,有87例行LC+ LCBDE,76例行EST +LC。二者相比,LC+ LCBDE手术时间较EST+ LC平均缩短30 min、住院时间缩短3d、术后并发症少、费用低,二者手术成功率、残石率无显著差异。结论 治疗继发性胆总管结石,LC+ LCBDE安全、有效,并发症少,在病情允许情况下,可作为首选方法。     

LC＋LCBDE与ERCP／EST＋LC治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石的梗阻性黄疸患者的临床对照研究

目的探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除术（LC）联合腹腔镜胆总管探查取石术（LCBDE）与内镜下逆行胰胆管造影（ERCP）及乳头括约肌切开取石术（EST）联合LC治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石的梗阻性黄疸患者的疗效及安全性。方法回顾性分析我院2011年1月至2012年6月期间分别采用LC＋LCBDE（LC＋LCBDE组,n-48）及ERCP／EST＋LC（ERCP／EST＋LC组,n=76）治疗的胆囊结石合并胆总管结石的梗阻性黄疸患者的临床资料,比较分析2组患者的临床治疗情况。结果①2组患者的一般临床资料如年龄、性别、术前总胆红素和丙氨酸转氨酶、结石数量、最大结石直径及胆总管内径比较,差异均无统计学意义∽〉0．05）,具有可比性。②2组均无同手术期死亡病例。2组患者的取石成功率、中转开腹率及并发症发生率比较差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,但是LC＋LCBDE组手术时间及术后住院时间均明显短于ERCP／EST＋LC组P〈0．05）,手术费用及住院费用也少于ERCP／EST＋LC组P〈0．05）。结论ERCP／EST＋LC与LC＋LCBDE治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石的梗阻性黄疸患者同样安全、有效。但LC＋LCBDE成本效益更高,有利于患者恢复,尤其是当胆总管直径大于1．0cm或多发结石,LC＋LCBDE是最佳选择。总之,应根据患者实际病情及医院条件,个体化选择最适合患者的微创治疗方式。     

胆囊结石合并胆总管结石的微创治疗体会

目的:比较腹腔镜胆囊切除术(laparoscopic cholecystectomy,LC)联合腹腔镜胆总管探查术(laparoscopic common bile duct exploration,LCBDE)与内镜逆行胰胆管造影(endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography,ERCP)、内镜十二指肠乳头括约肌切开术(endoscopic sphincterotomy,EST)+LC治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石的临床疗效。方法:在2010年1月至2015年11月收治的胆囊结石合并胆总管结石患者中选取可耐受腹腔镜手术、ERCP且ASA分级为Ⅰ~Ⅱ级的成年患者作为研究对象,危急重症胆囊炎、急性胆管炎及要求保守治疗的患者未纳入研究。分为两组:LC+LCBDE组与ERCP/EST+LC组,比较分析两组患者术中出血量、手术时间、住院时间、住院费用及术后并发症等指标。结果:共纳入76例患者,30例行LC+LCBDE,其中2例中转开腹;46例行ERCP/EST+LC,其中2例因ERCP取石失败,不予统计。两组患者术中出血量、术后并发症差异无统计学意义,LC+LCBDE组手术时间、住院时间、住院费用优于ERCP/EST+LC组,差异有统计学意义。结论:两种术式治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石的疗效相当,但LC+LCBDE可能更加经济实惠。     

“三镜”联合微创治疗胆囊结石并胆总管结石的临床研究

目的：探讨应用＂三镜＂联合治疗胆囊结石并胆道结石的疗效。方法：回顾分析2005年1月至2009年12月治疗101例胆囊结石并胆总管结石患者的临床资料,其中行内镜下乳头括约肌切开术（endoscopic sphincterotomy,EST）＋腹腔镜胆囊切除术（laparoscopic cholecystectomy,LC）25例,LC＋腹腔镜胆总管探查术（laparoscopic common bile duct exploration,LCBDE）23例,53例行LC＋EST＋LCBDE,并对比分析3组患者胆总管内径、结石大小、手术时间、治疗费用、并发症发生率、术后住院时间、手术成功率等。结果：＂三镜＂联合与其他两种方法相比,并发症发生率低,手术时间和住院时间亦不延长。结论：＂三镜＂联合是目前治疗胆囊结石并胆总管结石的较好选择,是安全可靠、疗效确切的微创治疗方案,值得推广。     

胆囊结石并胆总管结石三种手术治疗的对比研究

目的 评价腹腔镜胆囊切除术、胆总管探查取石术(LC+LCBDE)与内镜下Oddi括约肌切开联用腹腔镜胆囊切除术(EST+LC)、剖腹胆囊切除术、胆总管探查引流术(OC+ECBD)3种治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石的临床效果.方法 胆囊结石合并胆总管结石289例分别采用OC+ECBD(O组)、LC+LCBDE(L组)和EST+LC(E组)治疗,其中O组132例、L组36例、E组121例,比较3组的手术总时间、术中出血量、胃肠功能恢复时间、并发症发生率、住院天数等.结果 3种术式的结石残留率、胆漏发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);O组手术总时间、术中出血量、胃肠功能恢复时间、住院时间均明显长于L、E组(P<0.01).结论 3种术式各有其适应证和优缺点.胆囊结石合并胆总管结石、单纯胆总管结石,无明显胆管感染或急性胰腺炎者适合选择LC+LCBDE.     

胆囊结石并胆总管结石三种手术治疗的对比研究

目的 评价腹腔镜胆囊切除术、胆总管探查取石术(LC+LCBDE)与内镜下Oddi括约肌切开联用腹腔镜胆囊切除术(EST+LC)、剖腹胆囊切除术、胆总管探查引流术(OC+ECBD)3种治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石的临床效果.方法 胆囊结石合并胆总管结石289例分别采用OC+ECBD(O组)、LC+LCBDE(L组)和EST+LC(E组)治疗,其中O组132例、L组36例、E组121例,比较3组的手术总时间、术中出血量、胃肠功能恢复时间、并发症发生率、住院天数等.结果 3种术式的结石残留率、胆漏发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);O组手术总时间、术中出血量、胃肠功能恢复时间、住院时间均明显长于L、E组(P<0.01).结论 3种术式各有其适应证和优缺点.胆囊结石合并胆总管结石、单纯胆总管结石,无明显胆管感染或急性胰腺炎者适合选择LC+LCBDE.     

两种微创术式治疗胆囊结石并胆总管结石的比较

目的:评价腹腔镜胆囊切除、胆总管探查取石术（LC+LCBDE）与内镜下Oddi括约肌切开联合腹腔镜胆囊切除术（EST+LC）两种术式治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石的临床效果。方法:胆囊结石合并胆总管结石256例分别采用LC+LCBDE和EST+LC治疗，其中LC+LCBDE术治疗132例、EST+LC术治疗124例，比较两组的并发症发生率、手术总时间、住院费用、住院天数。结果:两种术式的近期并发症发生率、结石残留率、平均住院天数比较，差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；EST+LC组手术总时间、手术费用均明显高于LC+CLBDE组（P＜0.0l）。结论:两种术式各有其适应证和优缺点。胆总管直径＜1.0cm、胆总管中下端结石或老年胆石症患者宜采用EST+LC术式；胆总管直径＞1.0cm的多发性较大结石、尤其是中青年患者应首选LC+LCBDE术式。