甲状腺乳头状癌术式探讨

目的：回顾分析甲状腺乳头状癌治疗效果，探讨外科治疗最佳方案。方法：对我院1984－1996年收治的228例甲状腺乳头状癌患者手术治疗结果进行分析。228例患者中肿瘤位于单侧叶者162例，狭部18例，双叶34例，侵犯甲状软骨及气管14例。颈淋巴cN0148例，cN^ 80例，术后均随访5年以上。结果：cN^ 者行功能性（41例）和根治性颈清扫（39例）的5年生存率分别为87．8％（36／41）和87．2％（34／39）。。腺内型cN0伴被膜侵犯者行选择性颈清扫21例，随诊观察20例，其5年生存率分别为90．5％（19／21）和90．0％（18／20），腺内型cN0不伴被膜侵犯者均未行颈清扫，其5年生存率为99．0％（99／100），5年内发生颈淋巴结转移率为1．0％（1／100）；腺外型cN0行颈清扫4例，5年内发生对侧转移为1／4，3例未行颈清扫者5年内发生颈淋巴转移为2／3。腺叶切除术后对侧复发率为2．47％（4／162）。行全甲状腺切除的5年生存率为85．7％（12／14），被膜内全甲状腺切除的5年生存率为85．0％（17／20）。侵犯甲状软骨板及气管者，行喉全切除，其5年生存率为3／5，保留喉功能的5年生存为6／9。结论：对甲状腺乳头状癌提倡功能性颈清扫；腺内型cN0者主张随访观察，发现淋巴转移再生颈清扫；腺外型cN0病人主张同期颈清扫。原发灶位于单侧行腺叶及峡部切除，位于峡部及左，右叶各1／3切除，位于双侧行被膜内全甲状腺切除，侵犯甲状软骨板及气管者尽可能保留喉功能。     

甲状腺癌的诊断及再次手术治疗的意义

目的分析甲状腺癌再次手术的原因及探讨甲状腺癌的诊断，选择合适的甲状腺癌再次手术方式，了解甲状腺癌再手术患者的生存情况。方法总结1992至2000年10月因原发癌灶残留或甲状腺微小癌原发灶未切除到本院行再次手术治疗的128例患者的临床资料。再手术方式包括：①第一次对原发灶只进行单纯肿瘤剜除或腺叶部分切除者，再手术时切除残叶及峡部，或加对侧叶部分或近全切除；颈淋巴转移者，行经典性或改良性颈清扫术；②对甲状腺微小性癌进行患侧腺叶及峡部切除及改良或择区性颈清扫术。对1999至2004年78例我院首诊的表现为单纯甲状腺结节性肿物、临床检查为可疑甲状腺癌患者，术前行细针抽吸细胞学检查（fine needle aspiration，FNA）、术中淋巴结冰冻切片检查（frozen section，FS）、FNA＋FS分别为10例、55例和13例，将检查结果与术后病理结果对照。结果病理检查证实冉次手术的甲状腺癌患者残癌率68．8％（88／128），并发症发生率23．4％（30／128），其中喉返神经损伤率2．3％（3／128），暂时性低钙血症发生率19．5％（25／128）。术后随访，复发5例，颈淋巴转移3例；再手术患者5年、10年生存率分别为92．0％（101／110）、86．9％（17／20）。78例甲状腺肿物术前行FNA、术中FS及FNA＋FS诊断准确率分别为90．0％、87．3％和92．3％。结论由于误诊与不规范手术致甲状腺癌术后残癌率较高，积极合理的再手术是必要的。再次手术增加了手术并发症，提高术前诊断准确率和规范的首次手术治疗是减少手术并发症的根本。     

甲状腺癌再次手术的探讨

目的 探讨甲状腺癌再手术的必要性和方式.方法 总结1991年1月～2006年1月检查甲状腺癌局部切除术后再次手术治疗的126例患者临床资料.第1次对原发灶只进行单纯肿瘤切除或腺叶部分切除者,再手术时切除残叶及峡部,或加对侧叶部分或近全切除;颈淋巴结转移者,行经典性或改良性颈清扫术.结果 术后病理检查残叶有癌残留52例,无癌残留74例,癌残留率41.3%,术后病理检查证实淋巴结转移癌67例,颈淋巴结转移率72.8%.喉返神经损伤发生率3.2%.5年、10年累积生存率分别为93.2%、82.4%.结论 由于误诊等原因致甲状腺癌术后残留率高,积极合理的再手术是必要的.     

甲状腺癌再次手术62例临床分析

目的：总结甲状腺癌再手术的原因及探讨甲状腺癌再手术方式。方法：临床资料回顾性分析,结合文献进行讨论。结果：同期手术治疗甲状腺癌患者共133例,其中62例属再次手术治疗（占46．6％）,男性15例,女性47例。再手术原因包括：（1）原发癌灶残留;（2）甲状腺癌联合根治术后复发或淋巴结转移;（3）对侧甲状腺及侧颈淋巴结出现病灶;（4）甲状腺隐性癌并颈淋巴结转移。再手术方式包括：（1）对原发灶行单纯肿瘤切除或腺叶次全切除者,切除残叶及峡部。或加对侧叶次全切;（2）对颈部淋巴结转移者,行颈淋巴结清扫术;（3）对隐性癌并颈淋巴结转移者,行甲状腺癌联合根治术;（4）对侧甲状腺及对侧颈淋巴结转移者,作对侧甲状腺癌根河术。再手术组5年生存率84．8％,8年生存率80％,结论：对局限于一侧甲状腺叶的甲状腺癌,再次手术至少行患侧甲状腺叶及峡部切除,避免单纯肿瘤摘除术;联合根治术后复发或颈淋巴结转移患者,手术仍为主要治疗手段;应重视甲状腺隐性癌的诊断及处理。     

甲状腺癌再次手术62例临床分析

目的：总结甲状腺癌再手术的原因及探讨甲状腺癌再手术方式。方法：临床资料回顾性分析,结合文献进行讨论。结果：同期手术治疗甲状腺癌患者共１３３例,其中６２例属再次手术治疗（占４６．６％）,男性１５例,女性４７例。再手术原因包括：①原发癌灶残留;②甲状腺癌联合根治术后复发或淋巴结转移;③对侧甲状腺及对侧颈淋巴结出现病灶;④甲状腺隐性癌并颈淋巴结转移。再手术方式包括：①对原发灶行单纯肿瘤切除或腺叶次全切除者,切除残叶及峡部,或加对侧叶次全切;②对颈部淋巴结转移者,行颈淋巴结清扫术;③对隐性癌并颈淋巴结转移者,行甲状腺癌联合根治术;④对侧甲状腺及对侧颈淋巴结转移者,作对侧甲状腺癌根治术。再手术组５年生存率８４．８％,８年生存率８０％。结论：对局限于一侧甲状腺叶的甲状腺癌,首次手术至少行患侧甲状腺叶及峡部切除,避免单纯肿瘤摘除术;联合根治术后复发或颈淋巴结转移患者,手术仍为主要治疗手段;应重视甲状腺隐性癌的诊断及处理。     

分化型甲状腺癌外科治疗的术式选择

目的 :探讨分化型甲状腺癌外科治疗术式的选择。方法 :对 6 6例分化型甲状腺癌病例行患侧腺叶、峡部加对侧次全切除术 49例 ,患侧腺叶及峡部切除术 7例 ,一侧腺叶次全切除及对侧部分切除术 6例 ,全甲状腺切除术 4例。行患侧功能性颈清扫术加对侧功能性颈清扫术 43例 ,双侧功能性颈清扫术 1例及患侧传统性颈清扫术 10例 ,患侧传统性颈清扫术 5例。结果 :3年生存率 96 % (2 5 /2 6 ) ,5年生存率 94% (17/18) ,1例死于白血病 ,1例失访。 4例行全甲状腺切除术的病例术后均出现甲状腺功能减退 ,其中 2例出现甲状旁腺功能减退(5 0 % ) ,其他病例均未发生甲状腺功能和甲状旁腺功能减退。无一例发生喉返神经麻痹。结论 :对分化型甲状腺癌 ,主张行患侧腺叶切除加对侧次全切除或大部切除 ;如术前发现颈淋巴结肿大 ,应同时行患侧淋巴结清扫术。而N0 患者 ,除了对高危组 (男 >41岁 ,女 >5 1岁 )患者腺体外乳头状瘤或明显侵犯包膜的滤泡型腺癌者应行功能性颈清扫术 ,其他随访容易的N0 患者可以不必常规行颈清扫术 ,并提倡长期密切随访。     

分化型甲状腺癌Ⅵ区与Ⅱ-Ⅴ区淋巴转移的关系及预后

目的探讨分化型甲状腺癌Ⅵ区与颈侧区（Ⅱ-Ⅴ）区颈淋巴转移的特点，为临床选择正确术式提供依据。方法回顾性分析1984年3月至2000年12月，99例甲状腺癌患者在辽宁省肿瘤医院头颈外科进行初次手术，同期行颈清扫术，进行病理检查，术后随访，并对结果进行统计分析。结果99例分化型甲状腺癌中，乳头状甲状腺癌61例（双侧乳头状甲状腺癌1例），乳头滤泡混合型13例，滤泡状甲状腺癌25例。根据2002年UICCTNM分期：Ⅰ期60例，Ⅱ期1例，Ⅲ期5例，Ⅳ期33例。一侧腺叶及峡部切除80例，一侧腺叶及对侧大部或次全切除15例，全甲状腺切除术4例。全部患者同期颈清扫术104侧（双颈清扫5例），其中经典性清扫66例（68侧），改良性清扫33例（36侧）。术后病理检查淋巴结阳性83例（86侧），其中3例双侧淋巴结阳性，颈淋巴转移率为83．8％（83／99）。VI区阳性率37．5％（39／104），颈侧区（Ⅱ-Ⅴ区）阳性率76．9％（80／104），VI区和颈侧区淋巴结阳性率比较，差异有统计学意义（配对X^2检验，X^2=33．01，P〈0．01）。统计分析表明颈侧区淋巴转移和Ⅵ区淋巴转移无相关性（独立X。检验，X^2=2．08，Pearson列联系数C=0．14，P〉0．05）。10年、15年生存率分别为88．3％和84．5％。结论分化型甲状腺癌Ⅵ区与颈侧区（Ⅱ-Ⅴ区）淋巴转移率不同。不能仅从Ⅵ区转移判断颈侧区是否有转移。发生Ⅵ区淋巴转移的患者不比颈侧区（Ⅱ-Ⅴ区）淋巴转移的预后差，经过正确的外科治疗，预后较好。     

甲状腺癌再手术的方案选择

目的 分析甲状腺癌再次手术的结果,为规范临床甲状腺癌的治疗提供参考.方法 回顾性病例对照研究,288例中男69例,女219例,病理类型:乳头状腺癌249例(86.5%),滤泡状腺癌27例(9.4%),髓样癌6例(2%),未分化癌6例(2%).再次手术时间:1年以内240例(83%).手术方式有一侧腺叶(或残叶)及峡部切除和(或)对侧腺叶次全切除加一侧颈淋巴结清扫或双侧颈淋巴结清扫.结果 残余腺叶有癌组织残存占63例,对侧腺叶有癌肿33例.原发灶同侧颈淋巴结转移164例对甲状腺癌应慎重选择肿瘤切除或腺叶部分切除,同时应重视颈淋巴结转移状态的评估.     

侵犯气管的分化型甲状腺癌气管袖状切除术

目的 寻找侵入气管及喉的分化型甲状腺癌手术治疗的方法,探讨包括气管及喉部分切除在内的根治性手术可行性和有效性。 方法 3例均为女性,2例为甲状腺乳头状癌,1例滤泡状癌,均侵入气管。一例采取右侧甲状腺腺叶切除术、气管袖状切除术及声门下喉部分切除术,术后因喉切缘肿瘤残留补充放疗总量55 Gy;另一例采取左侧甲状腺腺叶切除术、气管袖状切除术及左改良根治性颈淋巴结清扫术;第三例采取全甲状腺切除、气管袖状和喉部分切除术、双侧改良根治性颈淋巴结清扫术和上纵隔淋巴结清扫术。 结果术后均无声音嘶哑,呼吸平稳,无需气管切开,均无吻合口漏。随访近2年均未见吻合口狭窄和肿瘤复发。 结论对侵入气管及喉的分化型甲状腺癌患者进行包括气管袖状切除术在内的根治性手术治疗是可行和有效的。     

晚期甲状腺癌的手术治疗

目的：探讨晚期甲状腺癌的手术治疗效果。方法：11例晚期甲状腺癌患者均行患侧根治性颈淋巴结清扫术，对侧功能性颈淋巴结清扫术；其中3例行患侧甲状腺加峡部切除，6例行患侧甲状腺加峡部加对侧甲状腺近全切除，2例行双侧甲状腺全切除加甲状旁腺埋植术。结果：随访9例，其中死亡1例，为甲状腺乳头状腺癌并甲状腺转移性腺癌患者；8例健在，生存6年、5年各1例，3年2例，2年3例，1年1例，检查未见复发或病灶扩大。结论：对晚期甲状腺癌应尽量争取手术治疗，术后服用甲状腺索能抑制原发灶和转移灶的发展，尽量保存甲状旁腺以提高患者的生活质量。     

甲状腺髓样癌的外科治疗及预后分析

目的 探讨甲状腺髓样癌的临床特点及治疗方法,并对其预后及影响因素进行分析.方法 对1999年1月至2004年12月中国医学科学院肿瘤医院头颈外科收治的82例甲状腺髓样癌患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析.男性39例,女性43例;年龄16～77岁,中位年龄46岁.采用免疫组织化学方法,分别检测降钙素、嗜铬素、神经元烯醇化酶的表达水平,其中24例标本行降钙素水平检测.行患侧腺叶+峡部切除28例,甲状腺残叶切除24例,甲状腺全切除16例,单纯行颈清扫术及上纵隔淋巴清扫术14例.82例中行气管食管沟清扫68例;行单侧颈清扫53例,双侧颈清扫11例,经颈部上纵隔淋巴清扫13例,胸骨劈开上纵隔淋巴清扫5例.结果 所有病例均经病理证实为甲状腺髓样癌,免疫组织化学检查显示降钙素表达率最高,为95.8%,嗜铬素表达率为88.9%,神经元烯醇化酶表达率为80.0%.颈部淋巴转移率68.8%,Ⅱ区、Ⅲ区、Ⅳ区、Ⅴ区和Ⅵ区淋巴转移率分别为27.3%、47.7%、59.1%、11.4%和52.3%.总的5年生存率为87.8%,总的局部复发率为7.3%,对侧腺叶复发率为5.8%.单因素分析结果表明性别、年龄、TNM分期是影响预后的因素,多因素分析表明远处转移是影响预后的独立危险因素.结论 外科规范手术是甲状腺髓样癌治疗的主要方式;单侧散发型甲状腺髓样癌首次治疗时应行患侧腺叶+峡部切除,术后应密切随访,而对于双侧病灶或家族型者应行甲状腺全切除术.监测降钙素水平在甲状腺髓样癌预后有重要意义.

Abstract：

Objective To study the clinical characteristics, the surgical treatments and the prognostic factors of medullary thyroid carcinoma. Methods Eighty-two cases of medullary thyroid carcinoma undergoing surgeries between January 1999 and December 2004 were reviewed. There were 39 males and 43 females. Age ranged from 16 to 77 years old, with a median of 46 years old. The calcitonin, chronogranin A and neuron-specific enolase were analysed by immunohistochemistry in samples,and calcitonin was detected in 24 cases. Of them, 28 cases underwent lobectomy with isthmectomy, 24 for remained lobe dissection, 16 for total thyroidectomy, and 14 only for neck and upper mediastinal lymph node dissection. Of the 82 cases, 68 cases underwent trachea esophageal ditch dissection, 53 for unilateral neck dissection, 11 for bilateral neck dissection, 13 for upper mediastinal lymph node dissecion through transcervical approach, and 5 for mediastinal lymph node dissecion through inverted T-shaped incision. Results Immunohistochemical examination revealed that the expression rates of calcitonin, chronogranin A and neuron-specific enolase were 95.8%, 88.9% and 80. 0% respectively. Total metastasis rate of neck lymph nodes was 68.8%, and the rates in level Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ, Ⅴ andⅥ were 27.3%, 47.7%, 59.1%, 11.4% and 52.3% respectively. The overall five-year survival rate was 87.8%. The recurrent rate of contralateral lobes was 5.8% and local recurrent rate was 7.3% respectively. Univariate analysis showed that gender, age and TNM stage were significant prognostic factors. Multivariate analysis revealed that distant metastasis was an independent prognostic factor. Conclusions Standard radical surgery of the primary and metastatic lesion is key to the treatment of medullary thyroid carcinoma. Lobectomy with isthmectomy should be applied to sporadic medullary thyroid carcinoma, with regular postoperative follow-up, and total thyroidectomy to familial or bilateral medullary thyroid carcinoma. Therefore. detecting the calcitonin is very imoortant for medullary thyroid carcinoma patients' prognosis.     

甲状腺癌颈清扫术后乳糜漏的综合治疗

目的 探讨甲状腺癌颈淋巴清扫术后产生乳糜漏的原因及处理策略。 方法 回顾性分析647例甲状腺乳头状癌患者行颈淋巴清扫术后的临床资料。对11例术后发生乳糜漏的患者给予静脉营养、低脂饮食、局部加压及负压引流等措施。 结果 该组患者乳糜漏出现在手术后的第0.5~3.0天,其发生率为1.7%,患者乳糜漏的峰值引流量为 120~1100 mL/d。该组患者接受淋巴结清扫区域:单侧叶+峡部切除449 例,接受全甲状腺切除152例,单侧叶+峡部切除+对侧次全切除46例;单纯中央区淋巴结清扫总共 395 例,发生乳糜漏5例,发生率为1.26%(5/395)。侧颈+中央区淋巴清扫共83例,发生乳糜漏4例,发生率为4.8%(4/83),内镜辅助上纵隔清扫总共6例,发生乳糜漏2例,发生率为33.3%(2/6)。乳糜漏左侧与右侧之比为7∶4;其中3例患者为复发再清扫(rRLN)。每日引流量<20 mL/d时拔管,乳糜漏闭合时间为6~23 d,中位时间11 d。所有患者未行二次手术处理。 结论 甲状腺癌行淋巴结清扫手术时应仔细规范操作以预防乳糜漏的发生,及时采取调整饮食、负压引流等综合措施多可治愈,保守治疗无效时行手术治疗。     

甲状腺肿瘤外科手术2228例临床分析

目的探讨甲状腺肿瘤外科治疗效果，总结甲状腺肿瘤的诊疗经验。方法回顾性分析1992年-2004年间2228例甲状腺肿瘤(2072例甲状腺良性肿瘤，156例甲状腺癌)的临床资料及随访结果。结果2072例甲状腺良性肿瘤中，术后喉返神经损伤4例，永久性喉返神经损伤率是0．1％，暂时性喉返神经损伤率为0．1％；55例复发行二次手术，复发率为2．6％。术后无甲状旁腺功能低下和出血。甲状腺癌156例，8例复发，3例死亡，直接法统计5年生存率为95．50k，(64／67)，Kaplan-Meier法统计5年生存率为98．0％。60例微小癌中无1例复发或转移，5年生存率为100．0％。156例甲状腺癌中1例喉返神经损伤，发生率为0．6％，术后无出血和甲状旁腺功能低下。结论遵循甲状腺肿瘤正确外科治疗原则能有效降低甲状腺疾病患者手术并发症、复发率等，并改善预后。     

Treatment strategy for T4N1 thyroid papillary carcinoma based upon our clinical experience

We retrospectively evaluated clinical profiles and prognoses in 152 patients with thyroid papillary carcinoma treated at Fukui Medical University between 1986 and 2000. As standard treatment, 106 (70%) underwent hemithyroidectomy to preserve the normal thyroid lobe. Subtotal thyroidectomy or total thyroidectomy was conducted on 40 cases (23%). Regional lymphnodes were extirpated in 104 (68%) with pathological N0, and radical or conservative neck dissection for 46 cases (30%) with pathological N1. Overall survival for 10 years, estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method, was 100% in both stage I and II, and 95% in stage III. Of 152 thyroid papillary cases, 22 (14%) had tumor recurrence. Of 51 in stage III, 14 (27%) had tumor recurrence. The 14 recurrent in stage III showed local extrathyroidal invasion. Note that 5 of 10 (50%) T4N1 treated with hemithyroidectomy had tumor recurrence in the residual thyroid lobe. Of 11 T4N0 cases who underwent hemithyroidectomy, none had tumor recurrence in the residual thyroid lobe. Results suggest that patients with T4N1 should be treated by total thyroidectomy and neck dissection at initial treatment. Tumor size, cervical lymphnodal metastasis, and distant metastasis may be prognostic factors for thyroid papillary carcinoma.     

Clinical study on papillary thyroid carcinoma presenting with lymph node metastasi

Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) may metastasize to cervical lymph nodes. It is, however, uncommon for a palpable neck node alone to lead to the diagnosis of this disease when it is not apparent at presentation. Standard treatment for such cases has not yet been established. We retrospectively analyzed clinical courses in 8 patients with thyroid papillary carcinoma presenting with palpable lymph node metastasis at Hokkaido University Hospital between 1990 and 2003. Three had high thyrogloblin in cervical cystic lesions, leading to the diagnosis of PTC with lymph node metastasis. In 4, PTC was diagnosed by pathological examination of cervical lymph nodes initially diagnosed as lateral cervical cysts. Preoperative examination did not indicate PTC within the gland in any case. All 8 were alive at the last visit after follow-up from 23 to 150 months (mean: 78 months). Total thyroidectomy was done on 4 and thyroid lobectomy on 3. Pathological examination of resected thyroid glands confirmed multifocal papillary carcinoma from 4 mm to 15 mm in diameter. Six underwent unilateral neck dissection and 1 chose bilateral dissection. The other patient received no additional surgery on either the thyroid or neck after the single enlarged lymph node initially diagnosed as a lateral cervical cyst was resected. Postoperative radioiodine treatment was done in 2 undergoing total thyroidectomy. Recurrence in the cervical area were observed in 1 whose neck dissection was insufficient. Based on these observations, we concluded that patients who undergo thyroid lobectomy and adequate neck dissection may enjoy longer survival than those treated with total thyroidectomy without sacrificing thyroid and parathyroid function. We therefore propose a prospective study on the effectiveness of thyroid lobectomy with neck dissection including positive nodes in patients with occult PTC presenting with lymph node metastasis.     

Intraoperative management of the thyroid gland in laryngeal cancer surgery.

OBJECTIVE: To determine if it is necessary to perform a hemithyroidectomy routinely with all total laryngectomies or if it should be reserved for selected cases. DESIGN: A retrospective analysis of 215 cases who had been operated on due to laryngeal cancer in our clinic between 1985 and 1999. SETTING: In only 182 cases, hemithyroidectomy and isthmectomy were performed together with laryngeal surgery. Of these, 98% were male. Their ages ranged between 42 and 70 years. The tumour was located in the supraglottic region in 93 (51%) and in the glottic region in 24 (13%) cases. In 65 cases (36%), the tumour was transglottic. Twenty cases of transglottic tumours (31%) and 3 cases of glottic tumours (12.5%) were found to have subglottic extension. METHODS: Total laryngectomy with unilateral or bilateral neck dissection and hemithyroidectomy on the tumour side plus isthmectomy were performed on all patients. On the pathologic specimens, subglottic extension was measured anteriorly and posteriorly from the free edges of the vocal cords. The specimens were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and examined under a light microscope. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: With glottic and transglottic carcinomas, the need for thyroidectomy may be based on the intraoperative assessment of the thyroid gland. In subglottic carcinomas, a hemithyroidectomy should routinely be performed. There may be no need to perform thyroidectomy in all total laryngectomy cases. RESULTS: The thyroid gland was invaded by squamous cell carcinoma in only 2 cases (1%). Both of these cases were transglottic tumours staged as T3 and T4 and had a subglottic extension more than 1 cm. CONCLUSIONS: We recommend routine hemithyroidectomy and isthmectomy during total laryngectomy only in cases with subglottic extensions more than 1 cm or thyroid cartilage invasion with tumour. In the other cases, assessment of extralaryngeal invasion and thyroid gland invasion by the tumour will determine whether thyroidectomy should be performed.     

甲状腺外科专业化的临床资料分析

目的 评价耳鼻咽喉头颈外科医师手术治疗甲状腺良性疾病的结果。方法回顾性分析北京朝阳医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科2001年1月-2004年4月手术治疗496例甲状腺良性疾病的方式、术后并发症的发生、手术耗时、颈部切口长度、住院时间和术后复发的情况。结果甲状腺一侧腺叶加对侧腺叶部分切除314例，甲状腺一侧腺叶加峡部切除76例，甲状腺双侧腺叶次全切除29例，单纯甲状腺峡部切除3例，甲状腺全切除46例，颈部低位领式切口入路切除胸骨后结节性甲状腺肿28例。术后一侧喉返神经损伤发生率为0．2％(1／496)，无双侧喉返神经损伤。术后暂时性低钙血症发生率为1．8％(9／496)，无永久性低钙血症。术后出血发生率为0．6％(3／496)，无切口感染。手术耗时平均为66min，颈部切口长度平均为5．2cm，住院时间平均为6．3d。术后复发率0．2％(1／496)。结论受过严格头颈外科培训的耳鼻咽喉科医师行甲状腺良性疾病手术可降低喉返神经损伤的发生。