ICU护士护理临终患者心理体验质性研究的系统评价和Meta整合

目的系统评价ICU护士护理临终患者心理体验和感受的质性研究。方法计算机检索Web of Science、PubMed、Scopus、Cochrane Library、Ovid、万方、维普、中国知网(China national knowledge infrastructure, CNKI)和中国生物医学数据库中关于ICU护士护理临终患者体验的质性研究文献,检索时限为建库至2020年11月20日。采用澳大利亚JBI循证卫生保健中心质性研究质量评价标准(2016版)对纳入文献进行质量评价,利用汇集性整合方法进行整合。结果共纳入20项研究,提炼出53个主题,归纳形成10个新类别,合成4个整合结果:正性情绪体验;负性情绪体验与应对;障碍与挑战;期望与需求。结论各级管理者及护士自身应重视ICU护士心理状况,提高ICU护士临终照护能力,同时着力改善临终患者管理流程。     

重症监护病房护士工作体验的质性研究

目的 了解重症监护病房护士在临床工作中的真实感受,为护理管理者合理安排工作、及时满足护士需求提供参考.方法 2013年10-12月,运用质性研究中的现象学研究法,对解放军总医院重症监护病房的10名护士进行深度访谈,将获取的资料进行分析、总结,归纳形成主题.结果 整理形成10份完整的访谈资料,通过对访谈资料的反复提炼、分析和萃取,最终得出以下6个反映ICU护士工作体验的主题:休息不足、社会支持缺乏、工作环境复杂、薪酬较低、心理压力过大、自我发展空间局限.结论 护理管理者应深入了解并重视重症监护病房护士的工作体验,采取人性化管理模式,减轻其工作负荷与压力,及时满足其身心需求,疏导其不良情绪,从而提高工作效率,提升护理质量.     

ICU专科护士对临床实践学习认识和体验的质性研究

目的 了解 ICU 专科护士在专科护士培训项目中对临床实践学习的看法,为制订更加完善的实习方案提供参考和依据。方法 采用集体焦点访谈法,对 13 名研究生层次 ICU 专科护士培训班学员进行访谈。结果 在实习反馈方面提炼出 6 个主题,包括外院实习的赞同感、实习时间的可商榷性、实习内容的新颖性、培训方式的多样性、带教教师的影响性和考评方式的待统一性。 在实习带来的改变方面提炼出 3 个主题,分别为知识的更新、分享交流的机会和思维的改变。 结论 我国应在实践中逐步形成符合我国国情的 ICU 专科护士培养体系。     

精神科急重症病区护士工作压力状况的质性研究

[目的]了解和探讨精神科急重症病区护士照顾精神疾病病人时所面临的工作压力。[方法]运用质性研究的现象学理论方法,对10名在急重症病区工作1年以上的精神科护士进行访谈,对获取的资料进行分析、整理、归纳主题。[结果]归纳出3个关于急重症病区精神科护士工作压力状况的主题:不良的生理反应,不良的心理反应(表现为恐惧、焦虑、压抑、委屈等不良心理体验),不良的社会反应(社会适应能力下降,表现为自我价值及满足感、成就感低)。[结论]需要关爱和促进精神科护士的身心健康,减轻其工作压力,对保证优质护理服务质量具有重要的意义。     

新入职护士工作压力体验质性研究的Meta整合

目的:系统评价新入职护士(新护士)工作压力体验的质性研究,以期为新护士的工作压力管理与应对提供参考依据。方法:检索PubMed、Web of Science、中国知网等数据库中关于新护士工作压力的质性研究,采用澳大利亚乔安娜布里格斯研究所(JBI)循证卫生保健中心质性研究质量评价工具评价文献质量,采取Meta整合方法进行整合。结果:共纳入27项研究,提炼37个主要结果,归纳成11个类别,综合成3个整合结果,即多重因素使新护士工作压力倍增,工作压力使新护士产生躯体和情绪反应,新护士的压力应对资源和应对方式。结论:管理者应重视压力对新护士身心健康及工作的影响,采用多种干预措施积极应对,稳定护理队伍和促进护理专业的可持续发展。     

艾滋病病区护士工作压力状况的质性研究

目的了解和探讨艾滋病病区护士照顾艾滋病患者时所面临的工作压力。方法运用质性研究的方法访问了某家市级医院艾滋病病区的11名注册护士。结果艾滋病病区护士在护理艾滋病患者的过程中产生明显的躯体化症状;心理方面的压力多来源于患者的病情重、对艾滋病的职业暴露后感染的恐惧、对所处工作环境的无助、新的医疗模式对护理的需求等。结论需要对在艾滋病病区工作的护士进行广泛而持续的支持,从而使他们更好地照顾艾滋病患者。     

ICU护士工作经历的质性研究

[目的]了解重症监护病房(ICU)护士工作期间的真实体验,提高ICU护士的身心健康.[方法]采用立意采样法选取3家三级甲等医院综合ICU护士10名,使用深度访谈法收集资料,采用现象学分析法进行分析.[结果]ICU护士工作经历的真实体验主要包括5个主题:工作性质、管理、知识和技能、社会支持、情感体验.[结论]护理管理者应采取各种措施,减轻ICU护士的工作负荷,提高福利待遇;提供多方缓解压力的渠道,增加社会支持的力度;加强职业技能训练,提高护士的自我效能感和心理调适能力,降低护士在工作中产生的工作倦怠感.     

心血管内科护士工作压力状况的质性研究

采用质性研究方法对7名心血管内科注册护士进行半结构深入访谈,用现象学分析法进行资料分析。心血管内科病区护士的工作压力主要归纳为3个主题：对身心健康的不良反应,对家庭关系的不良反应,对社会关系的不良反应。认为应对心血管内科病区工作的护士进行广泛而持续的支持,减轻其工作压力,从而更好地为心血管疾病患者提供优质的护理服务。     

感染病科护士工作压力状况的质性研究

目的了解和探讨感染病科护士照顾急性传染病患者时所面临的工作压力。方法采用质性研究中的现象学研究法,深入访谈了感染病科8名注册护士。结果感染病科护士的工作压力主要归纳为3个主题：（1）不良的生理反应;（2）不良的心理反应：表现为安全感缺失、发生职业暴露后对感染的恐惧;（3）不良的社会反应：表现为社会适应能力的改变。结论要对在感染病科工作的护士进行广泛而持续的支持,从而使他们更好地照顾急性传染病患者。     

新入职护士规范化培训阶段工作体验质性研究的系统评价

[目的]系统评价新入职护士工作体验的质性研究,为其顺利过渡到合格临床护士提供干预依据。[方法]检索PubMed、EMbase、the Cochrane Library、JBI图书馆、知网、万方、维普数据资源系统中有关新入职护士工作体验、心理压力、情绪体验等的质性研究,检索时限从建库至2018年10月31日。将纳入文献按照澳大利亚JBI循证卫生保健中心质性研究的质量评价(2016)标准进行评价,采用汇集Meta整合的方法将研究结果进行整合。[结果]共纳入11篇质性研究文献,提取17个研究结果,归纳形成6个类别,整合形成2个结果。整合结果1:新护士规培初期角色适应不良,身心俱疲,渴望有效支持。整合结果2:规培后期新护士专业能力全面提升,职业认同感提高,逐渐适应护士角色。[结论]新护士在规范化培训阶段均经历从初期的焦虑、缺乏自信、角色适应不良到后期专业能力迅速提升,逐渐适应岗位的过程。护理管理人员应针对规培护士不同阶段出现的共性问题制定适宜的干预计划与规培方案,促进新护士到专业护士角色的顺利过渡。     

女性不孕症患者心理体验质性研究的Meta整合

目的: 系统评价女性不孕症患者心理体验的质性研究,为更好地制定心理干预方案提供理论依据。方法: 计算机检索Web of Science、PubMed、EMbase、The Cochrane Library及中国知网、维普、万方等数据库中与研究主题相符的质性研究文献,检索日期为建库到2020年12月,采用2016版澳大利亚循证卫生保健中心质性研究质量评价标准对文献进行质量评价,应用汇集性整合的方法进行Meta整合。结果: 共纳入9篇文献,提炼49个结果,归纳成6个新的类别,综合成3个整合结果。①不孕症患者的负性心理问题,包括负性情绪表现、心理压力来源;②不孕症患者的正性心理感受,包括坚定的信念、重新规划未来;③不孕症患者的心理支持需求,包括配偶亲属的支持、社会的支持、专业人士的支持。结论: 医务人员应重视不孕症患者的负性心理问题,重视不孕症患者的正性心理感受,构建并完善不孕症患者的社会支持系统满足其心理支持需求。     

Adolescent motherhood: a meta-synthesis of qualitative studies

PURPOSE: To synthesize qualitative studies on the phenomenon of adolescent motherhood. METHODS: Databases were searched for qualitative studies regarding the experience of adolescent motherhood (years 1990-2001). Noblit and Hare's (1988) meta-ethnographic comparative method was used for synthesizing the research. A total of 251 citations were found, with a subgroup of 50 studies on "adolescent motherhood" and "qualitative studies." Twenty-five studies conducted in the United States, Canada, China, England, and Australia met the sample inclusion criteria. The combined sample of participants across studies was 257 adolescent mothers. RESULTS: Certain characteristics are common to the studies of adolescent motherhood. Five overarching metaphors were found: (1) the reality of motherhood brings hardship; (2) living in the two worlds of adolescence and motherhood; (3) motherhood as positively transforming; (4) baby as stabilizing influence; and (5) supportive context as turning point for the future. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Nurses working in hospital, home care, community, and school settings can use the results of this metasynthesis to obtain a clearer picture of how adolescents feel during pregnancy, and the types of nursing interventions that can be developed to help them.     

Exploring person-centredness: a qualitative meta-synthesis of four studies

Person-centredness as a concept is becoming more prominent and increasingly central within some research literature, approaches to practice and as a guiding principle within some health and social care policy. Despite the increasing body of literature into person-centred nursing (PCN), there continues to be a 'siloed' approach to its study, with few studies integrating perspectives from across nursing specialties. The purpose of this paper is to present the results of a study undertaken to explore if the secondary analysis of findings from four different and unrelated research studies (that did not have the main aim of researching person-centredness) could inform our understanding of person-centred nursing. A qualitative meta-synthesis was undertaken of the data derived from the four unrelated research studies undertaken with different client groups with long-term health conditions. A hermeneutic and interpretative approach was used to guide the analysis of data and framed within a particular person-centred nursing framework. Findings suggest 'professional competence' (where competence is understood more broadly than technical competence) and knowing 'self' are important prerequisites for person-centred nursing. Characteristics of the care environment were also found to be critical. Despite the existence of expressed person-centred values, care processes largely remained routinised, ritualistic and affording few opportunities for the formation of meaningful relationships. Person-centred nursing needs to be understood in a broader context than the immediate nurse-patient/family relationship. The person-centred nursing framework has utility in helping to understand the dynamics of the components of person-centredness and overcoming the siloed nature of many current perspectives.     

烧伤科护士负性工作情感体验及对策研究

目的了解烧伤科护士负性工作情感体验和应对方法 ,提出相应解决对策。方法对67名烧伤科护士进行访谈,用Claizzi资料分析法对访谈资料进行分析。结果烧伤科护士负性工作情感体验中提炼出3个主题:工作压力大、心理负荷重、工作环境紧张,护士对负性情绪的应对方法局限。结论护理管理者应重视烧伤科护理人员的情感,合理配置护理人力资源,创造和谐的工作环境,以稳定护理队伍。     

Night shift work experiences among Iranian nurses: a qualitative study

Aim:  To describe the perceptions held by Iranian registered nurses (IRNs) concerning their night shift work experiences.
Background:  Due to the nature of nursing work and the need for 24-h coverage every day, the majority of nurses work night shifts in their professional practice. Evidence from several studies indicates that night working is a challenge for most nurses. This situation can cause many forms of physical and emotional stress.
Methods:  A qualitative design was used with purposeful sampling. Eighteen IRNs from four different general educational hospitals in Iran took part in the study. Data were collected via semi-structured interviews and analysed according to qualitative content analysis.
Findings:  Three main themes were identified from the data: (a) socio-cultural impacts of night work, (b) health-related impacts of night work, and (c) night work as an opportunity for gaining more clinical experiences and learning more.
Conclusion:  The impact of shift work on nurses' daily professional behaviour and adverse health outcomes related to shift work should be well understood and considered when organizing healthcare systems. We need to identify ways to support nurses who work nights and also give attention to the caregiver's needs.     

新开诊医院不同护龄护士的压力源状况和应对方式的研究

目的了解不同护龄护士的压力状况和应对情况,为有效的指导和帮助护士掌握积极的压力应对技巧,缓解职业压力提供依据。方法选取我院所有在职护士作为研究对象,采用问卷调查收集研究对象人口统计学特征,压力源测试采用"中国护士工作压力源量表",采用"简易应对方式问卷"测量护士的应对方式。结果不同护龄护士在护士专业及工作方面的工作压力、工作量及时间分配和病人护理问题有显著性差异(P<0.01,P<0.05)。3年以上护龄的护士和3年以下护龄的护士应对方式比较有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论在新开诊医院中,作为各科室护理骨干护龄在3~10年护士承受的压力更大,而高年资护士也更多采取积极的应对方式。提示护理管理者应更多关注该部分护士,积极引导、提供更多的学习途径。将压力控制在最佳水平,保持护士的身心健康,从而进一步提高护士的护理服务水平。     

不同护龄护士职业压力的调查

目的了解护士职业压力的现状,比较不同护龄护士职业压力的差异,为改善护理管理提供依据。方法采用方便抽样的方法抽取哈尔滨市某所三级甲等医院在职临床护士共234名,采用一般情况调查表、护士工作压力源量表收集资料。应用SPSS13．0统计软件进行数据处理。结果护士总体工作压力处于中度水平,工作压力各维度得分依平均值降序排列依次为工作量及时间分配、护理专业及工作、患者护理、工作环境及资源、管理及人际关系。不同护龄护士各维度的工作压力源比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,但总体工作压力源比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论总体职业压力受护龄的影响。护理管理者应重视提高在职护士对工作的满意程度,对护士应有针对性的进行管理,将护士压力控制在最佳水平,保持护士的身心健康,进而提高她们的工作积极性和护理服务水平。     

不同护龄护士职业压力的调查

Objective To investigate the present situation of occupational stress and to compare occupational stress among nurses of different years of work experience. Methods 234 subjects were enrolled by using convenience sampling method. Research instruments used in this study were demographic questionnaire and the Nurse Working Pressure Test Table. SPSS version 13.0 was used for data analysis. Results The level of the overall occupational stress among nurses was moderate. The five subscales of occupational stress in descending order were workload and time management, professional and career issues, caring for and interaction with patients, problems with resource and working environment, interpersonal relationships and management issues. There was no significant difference of occupational stress by subscales among nurses of different years of work experience (P ＞ 0.05) while there was significant difference of the overall occupational stress level (P <0. 01). Conclusions Years of work experience affect overall occupational stress of nurses. Nursing managers should pay more attention to satisfaction of nurses and improve their mental health so as to increase their work initiative and level of nursing service.