Ross手术的临床应用现状

Ross手术自1967年应用于临床以来，已被用于各种原因引起的主动脉瓣狭窄、左心室流出道梗阻和二尖瓣病变。Ross手术经历了诸如根部置换、圆筒形包埋技术、瓣环缩小技术、Ross—Konno手术和自体肺动脉瓣二尖瓣置换术（Ross—Kabbani手术或RossⅡ手术）。由于自体肺动脉瓣有不需抗凝、大小适宜、能存活、生长和长期耐久的特性，并具有良好的血流动力学表现和对细菌性心内膜炎有抵抗力的优点，尤其适用于妊娠期妇女、儿童和青少年。现就Ross手术的外科技术、手术指征、选择标准、外科处理主动脉瓣狭窄、左心室流出道梗阻和二尖瓣病变的临床应用进展和效果进行综述。     

Ross手术治疗儿童主动脉瓣病变的早期疗效再认识

目的:回顾性分析Ross手术治疗儿童主动脉瓣病变的早期效果及经验总结。方法:共16例患儿于2018年5月到2019年12月在我院行Ross手术,年龄(6.6±3.4)岁(1.8~12.2岁),主动脉瓣狭窄3例,主动脉瓣狭窄伴反流8例,主动脉瓣反流5例,其中2例合并心内膜炎。9例患儿有手术史：球囊扩张术7例,主动脉瓣交界...     

Ross手术的临床应用

目的　报告 6例Ross手术的临床经验和手术结果。方法　自 1998年 3月至 1999年 10月 ,6例主动脉瓣瓣膜疾病病人中男 3例 ,女 3例 ;年龄 4～ 38岁 ,平均 (14± 12 )岁。诊断为主动脉瓣二瓣化畸形伴狭窄 3例 ,其中 1例伴有室间隔缺损 ;主动脉瓣脱垂 2例 ;单纯主动脉瓣狭窄 1例。均接受了Ross手术。结果　无手术死亡 ,全部治愈出院 ,随访效果满意。结论　Ross手术安全、效果好 ,可适于某些主动脉瓣瓣膜病变 ,尤其适合于小儿及年轻病人     

自体肺动脉瓣替换主动脉瓣手术226例临床分析

自体肺动脉瓣替换病变主动脉瓣(Ross)手术自1967年被首次应用于临床并取得了长期效果。本研究对吕贝克医科大学心脏外科11年来Ross手术临床经验进行总结。     

Ross手术临床应用的现状及展望

在儿童期行主动脉瓣置换术最大的难题是瓣膜与瓣环不相匹配,远期效果不佳,而有些患儿的左心功能又不允许将手术延期。为此,Ｒｏｓｓ［１］应用自身肺动脉瓣置换主动脉瓣,再用同种带瓣主动脉或肺动脉重建右心室流出道,并于１９６７年首次报道临床应用,此即目前所称的...     

Ross 手术治疗先天性主动脉瓣膜疾病

目的　总结 Ross手术治疗先天性主动脉瓣膜疾病的临床经验和手术结果。　方法　自 1998年 3月至2 0 0 2年 7月 ,16例主动脉瓣膜疾病患者 (平均年龄 14 .0± 9.9岁 )接受 Ross手术 ,即自体肺动脉瓣移植术。诊断为主动脉瓣二瓣化畸形 ,主动脉瓣狭窄 9例 ,主动脉瓣发育不良呈穹隆状狭窄 2例 ;主动脉瓣脱垂 5例 ,其中合并室间隔缺损和动脉导管未闭各 1例。　结果　无手术死亡 ,全部患者治愈出院。随访 1～ 4 8个月 ,平均 30± 13个月 ,无远期死亡 ,无瓣膜相关并发症。所有患者心功能 级。超声心动图提示主动脉瓣及同种肺动脉瓣功能良好 ,仅 1例患者主动脉瓣有极少量反流 ;所有患者主动脉瓣跨瓣压差 2 .1± 0 .8mm Hg(1k Pa=7.5 mm Hg) ,左心室流出道及主动脉瓣环随着年龄的生长而增长 ,平均瓣环直径较术后增加 4 .0± 2 .1mm。　结论　 Ross手术治疗主动脉瓣膜疾病安全 ,效果好 ,随机体发育而生长 ,可适于某些主动脉瓣瓣膜疾病 ,尤其适于小儿及年轻患者。     

Ross术后中远期主动脉瓣反流的危险因素分析

目的 分析影响Ross手术后中、远期主动脉瓣反流的危险因素.方法 自1998年3月至2007年7月,47例主动脉瓣瓣膜疾病病人接受Ross手术,其中男25例,女22例;平均年龄(13.31±5.79)岁.术前诊断风湿性心脏病6例,先天性心脏病41例.病人均采用经胸超声评价主动脉瓣反流情况,采用Logistic:回归分析主动脉瓣反流危险因素.结果 全部病例随访(36.15±22.1)个月,均生存.主动脉窦径及主动脉瓣环直径均较术前明显增加,新主动脉瓣免于轻度以上反流率为82.9%.Logistic回归分析发现,术前主动脉瓣二瓣化畸形、术前主动脉瓣环扩大及病人年龄大于14岁为术后主动脉瓣反流的危险因素.结论 Ross手术治疗主动脉瓣膜疾病安全、有效,主动脉瓣可随机体发育而生长,其中、远期效果满意.年龄大于14岁、术前主动脉瓣环扩大及术前主动脉瓣二瓣化畸形是增加Ross手术后主动脉瓣反流的危险因素.     

Ross手术的临床应用

目的　总结主动脉瓣疾病患者行 Ross手术的临床应用经验。　方法　自 2 0 0 2年 1月至 2 0 0 2年 8月 ,对12例主动脉瓣疾病患者行 Ross手术 ,其中先天性心脏病、主动脉瓣病变 11例 ,老年退行性主动脉瓣狭窄 1例。术前所有患者均经超声心动图 (UCG)检查示主动脉瓣狭窄和 /或关闭不全 (中重度 ) ,均在全身麻醉中度低温体外循环下行 Ross手术。结果　全组患者无手术死亡 ,无并发症 ;术后主动脉瓣跨瓣压差在正常范围 ,左心室舒张期末内径(L VEDD)明显缩小 (P<0 .0 0 1) ,左心室射血分数 (L VEF) 0 .5 5± 0 .14 ,心功能 (NYHA) 级。所有患者均接受随访 ,随访 7天～ 8个月 ,心功能 ～ 级 ,主动脉瓣、肺动脉瓣功能良好。　结论　Ross手术是一种临床疗效较好的治疗主动脉瓣病变的手术方法。     

Ross术后中远期主动脉瓣反流的危险因素分析

Objective To analyze the risk factors of the postoperative mid- and long-term aortic valvular regurgitation after ROSS procedure(pulmanary valve homograft transplantation). Methods Between March 1998 and July 2007,47 patients[25male, 22 female, mean age (13.31±5.79) years, ronge 1-34 years] with aortic valvular disease underwent the Ross procedure at our insti tution. There were 6 patients suffering fron rheumatic heart disease and 41 patients suffering from congenital heart disease. The aver age aortic blood flow velocity was (4.67±3.47) m/s, the average pressure gradient across aortic valve (88.26±58.06)mm Hg, LVEDD (45.53 ±10.78) mm, EF 0.69±0.08. All the patients were followed up in out-patient departement by ultrasonic cardio gram. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to find out the risk factors of the postive aortic valvular regurgitation. Results There was no poetoperative death in hospital. The mean follow-up periods was (36.15±22.1) months, rasnge from 12 to 110 months and none long-dated death. Compared with the data recorded in hospital, the diamenters of the aortic sinus and aortic annu lus enlarged significantly, respectively from (26.16±5.10) mm to (32.37±6.84) tam and from (19.41 ～3.98) mm to (23.45± 5.86) mm. The average flow velocity d the homograft (new aortic valve) was(1.39±0.48) m/s, graclient pressure (8.17+6.16) mm Hg. Mild aortic regurgitstion was present in 5 patients (10.6%), moderate aortic tegmgitafion in 2 pmieats (4.3%) and aevere aortic regurgitation in 1 petient (2.1%). The rate of free from regurgitation was 82.9%. Multiple logistic analyses identified the per esence of bicuspid aortic valve, enlargement of aortic annulus and age above 14 years as the risk factors for posterative aortic regurg itation. Conclusion The Ross procedure is a safe and effective procedure with good clinical results in mid-and long-term follow-up. However, the presence of bicuspid aortic valve, enlargement of aortic annulus and age above 14 years preoperatively were identified as the risk factors for postoperative aortic regurgitation.     

Ross术后中远期主动脉瓣反流的危险因素分析

Objective To analyze the risk factors of the postoperative mid- and long-term aortic valvular regurgitation after ROSS procedure(pulmanary valve homograft transplantation). Methods Between March 1998 and July 2007,47 patients[25male, 22 female, mean age (13.31±5.79) years, ronge 1-34 years] with aortic valvular disease underwent the Ross procedure at our insti tution. There were 6 patients suffering fron rheumatic heart disease and 41 patients suffering from congenital heart disease. The aver age aortic blood flow velocity was (4.67±3.47) m/s, the average pressure gradient across aortic valve (88.26±58.06)mm Hg, LVEDD (45.53 ±10.78) mm, EF 0.69±0.08. All the patients were followed up in out-patient departement by ultrasonic cardio gram. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to find out the risk factors of the postive aortic valvular regurgitation. Results There was no poetoperative death in hospital. The mean follow-up periods was (36.15±22.1) months, rasnge from 12 to 110 months and none long-dated death. Compared with the data recorded in hospital, the diamenters of the aortic sinus and aortic annu lus enlarged significantly, respectively from (26.16±5.10) mm to (32.37±6.84) tam and from (19.41 ～3.98) mm to (23.45± 5.86) mm. The average flow velocity d the homograft (new aortic valve) was(1.39±0.48) m/s, graclient pressure (8.17+6.16) mm Hg. Mild aortic regurgitstion was present in 5 patients (10.6%), moderate aortic tegmgitafion in 2 pmieats (4.3%) and aevere aortic regurgitation in 1 petient (2.1%). The rate of free from regurgitation was 82.9%. Multiple logistic analyses identified the per esence of bicuspid aortic valve, enlargement of aortic annulus and age above 14 years as the risk factors for posterative aortic regurg itation. Conclusion The Ross procedure is a safe and effective procedure with good clinical results in mid-and long-term follow-up. However, the presence of bicuspid aortic valve, enlargement of aortic annulus and age above 14 years preoperatively were identified as the risk factors for postoperative aortic regurgitation.     

经主动脉切口治疗主动脉根部瘤合并二尖瓣病变

目的 总结经主动脉切口治疗主动脉根部瘤合并二尖瓣病变的初步经验。方法 2009年3月至2010年12月,经主动脉瓣口行二尖瓣手术16例中男13例,女3例;年龄18～ 75岁,平均(40±10)岁。16例中Bentall+ MVR术12例,Bentall+ MVP术1例,Bentall+全弓置换+支架象鼻+MVP术1例,...     

非特异性主动脉炎合并主动脉瓣病变的外科治疗

目的 总结非特异性主动脉炎合并主动脉瓣病变初次和再次手术的方法和疗效.方法 2000年1月至2011年6月手术治疗34例非特异性主动脉炎合并主动脉瓣病变患者,其中23例主动脉炎,11例白塞病.初次手术行Bentall术18例,主动脉瓣置换术(AVR) 16例.16例AVR者14例术后并发严重瓣周漏再次手术,其中根部置换术10例,人工带瓣管道8例,同种带瓣管道2例;非原位AVR术后4例.结果 初次手术行Bentall术者18例,随访4个月～11年,均长期生存,无根部假性瘤.再次手术14例均生存,出院.1例行同种带瓣管道置换术患者术后14个月因根部假性瘤破裂死亡.结论 非特异性主动脉炎合并主动脉瓣病变患者术前明确诊断困难,漏诊率极高.初次手术应采用根部置换术,再次手术十分困难,根部置换术可取得比较好的疗效,非原位AVR术操作简单、术中止血容易,术后疗效可靠,是一种可供选择的有效方法.     

主动脉瓣二瓣畸形所致主动脉瓣狭窄的外科治疗

目的 总结主动脉瓣二瓣畸形所致的单纯主动脉瓣狭窄外科手术治疗经验.方法 1993年5月至2007年12月,共收治主动脉瓣二瓣畸形所致的单纯主动脉瓣狭窄病人103例,其中男66例,女37例.年龄15～75岁,平均(52.9±13.2)岁.心功能Ⅱ级58级,Ⅲ级33例,Ⅳ级12例.所有病人均接受主动脉瓣置换术,同期行左室流出道疏通2例、房颤射频消融2例、升主动脉替换7例,冠状动脉旁路移植11例.结果 手术死亡1例(死亡病0.93%),Ⅲ度房室传导阻滞1例,余者均治愈出院.随访6个月～14年,平均(86.3±26.8)个月.失访14例,随访率84.2%.3例出现脑出血或栓塞并发症,1例猝死,1例非心脏原因死亡.最后随访心功能Ⅰ级67例,Ⅱ级17例,Ⅲ级2例.结论 主动脉瓣置换治疗主动脉瓣二瓣畸形所致的单纯主动脉瓣狭窄有较好的疗效,合并升主动脉扩张应积极处理.     

≥65岁老年人心脏瓣膜病的外科治疗

目的总结老年人瓣膜病的手术效果。方法 1993年至2004年252例≥65岁老年瓣膜病病人接受瓣膜手术,占同期瓣膜手术5．5％(252／4546例),其中男147例,女105例;平均年龄(67．9± 2．9)岁。风湿性瓣膜病201例(79.8％),非风湿性瓣膜病51例(20．2％)。术前心功能Ⅲ-Ⅳ级141例 (56．0％)。主动脉瓣置换63例,二尖瓣置换93例,二尖瓣成形42例,主动脉瓣置换+二尖瓣置换或成形47例,三尖瓣置换或成形7例。同期行冠状动脉旁路移植术34例。结果手术死亡23例(9．1％), 逐年病死率有下降趋势。与同期瓣膜手术16-64岁组相比,术后ICU时间显著延长[(60．1±101．2)h对 (43．0±70．6)h,P=0．00],术后带气管插管时间明显延长[(30．6±42.8)h对(24．1±45．0)h,P=0．02], 术后并发症发生率明显高(10．6％对6．4％,P=0．01),住院时间明显延长[(25．7±41．3)d和(19．6± 14．4)d,P=0．00]。手术死亡病人术前心功能级别明显高于生存者[(2．8±1．0)级对(2.4±1．0)级,P< 0．05];术前射血分数差异无统计学意义(55．8％对59．5％)。结论老年人瓣膜病手术总体手术病死率可以接受,近2年手术病死率已接近5％。多元回归分析显示,并行冠状动脉旁路移植术、主动脉瓣和二尖瓣双瓣手术、术后急性肾衰需要透析、体外循环时间长、主动脉阻断时间长是住院病死率的独立预测因子。     

二尖瓣手术并射频消融迷宫术治疗房颤

目的评价二尖瓣手术并射频消融迷宫手术（Maze Ⅲ）治疗二尖瓣病变合并房颤的安全性和疗效。方法2003年1月至10月行二尖瓣手术及射频消融迷宫手术66例为研究组，同期二尖瓣病变合并房颤仅行二尖瓣手术的66例为对照组。两组术前数据差异无统计学意义，随访并比较分析两组房颤的消除率、手术疗效和术后并发症的差异。结果平均主动脉阻断时间研究组较对照组长（12．61±3．56）min，两组手术死亡率和并发症率差异无统计学意义。术后即刻、出院时及术后1年以上研究组与对照组的房颤消除率分别为100％、63．7％、76．2％与57．6％、18．2％、14．8％（P〈0．001）。研究组窦性心律恢复率明显高、脑梗发生率低、心功能恢复好。结论心内直视手术合并射频消融行迷宫手术可有效消除房颤，不增加心内手术的风险，安全、有效。而单纯二尖瓣手术未处理房颤者，术后房颤多数仍存在。     

二尖瓣成形术临床应用542例及随访

目的回顾性总结542例二尖瓣成形术病人的手术疗效和20年随访结果。方法1985年至2006年，542例二尖瓣病变的病人接受二尖瓣成形术，男306例，女236例。474例随访1-240个月，平均（41．03±40．40）个月，随访率90．8％。结果手术死亡20例（3．7％），出院时病人心功能均为Ⅰ级或Ⅱ级。随访死亡20例，再次手术23例；7年、10年和15年生存率分别为91％、88％和70％；7年和10年二次手术免除率分别为94％和86％。结论二尖瓣成形治疗二尖瓣病变，死亡率低，远期效果好。     

Ross术后中远期主动脉瓣反流的危险因素分析

Objective To analyze the risk factors of the postoperative mid- and long-term aortic valvular regurgitation after ROSS procedure(pulmanary valve homograft transplantation). Methods Between March 1998 and July 2007,47 patients[25male, 22 female, mean age (13.31±5.79) years, ronge 1-34 years] with aortic valvular disease underwent the Ross procedure at our insti tution. There were 6 patients suffering fron rheumatic heart disease and 41 patients suffering from congenital heart disease. The aver age aortic blood flow velocity was (4.67±3.47) m/s, the average pressure gradient across aortic valve (88.26±58.06)mm Hg, LVEDD (45.53 ±10.78) mm, EF 0.69±0.08. All the patients were followed up in out-patient departement by ultrasonic cardio gram. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to find out the risk factors of the postive aortic valvular regurgitation. Results There was no poetoperative death in hospital. The mean follow-up periods was (36.15±22.1) months, rasnge from 12 to 110 months and none long-dated death. Compared with the data recorded in hospital, the diamenters of the aortic sinus and aortic annu lus enlarged significantly, respectively from (26.16±5.10) mm to (32.37±6.84) tam and from (19.41 ～3.98) mm to (23.45± 5.86) mm. The average flow velocity d the homograft (new aortic valve) was(1.39±0.48) m/s, graclient pressure (8.17+6.16) mm Hg. Mild aortic regurgitstion was present in 5 patients (10.6%), moderate aortic tegmgitafion in 2 pmieats (4.3%) and aevere aortic regurgitation in 1 petient (2.1%). The rate of free from regurgitation was 82.9%. Multiple logistic analyses identified the per esence of bicuspid aortic valve, enlargement of aortic annulus and age above 14 years as the risk factors for posterative aortic regurg itation. Conclusion The Ross procedure is a safe and effective procedure with good clinical results in mid-and long-term follow-up. However, the presence of bicuspid aortic valve, enlargement of aortic annulus and age above 14 years preoperatively were identified as the risk factors for postoperative aortic regurgitation.     

Ross术后中远期主动脉瓣反流的危险因素分析

Objective To analyze the risk factors of the postoperative mid- and long-term aortic valvular regurgitation after ROSS procedure(pulmanary valve homograft transplantation). Methods Between March 1998 and July 2007,47 patients[25male, 22 female, mean age (13.31±5.79) years, ronge 1-34 years] with aortic valvular disease underwent the Ross procedure at our insti tution. There were 6 patients suffering fron rheumatic heart disease and 41 patients suffering from congenital heart disease. The aver age aortic blood flow velocity was (4.67±3.47) m/s, the average pressure gradient across aortic valve (88.26±58.06)mm Hg, LVEDD (45.53 ±10.78) mm, EF 0.69±0.08. All the patients were followed up in out-patient departement by ultrasonic cardio gram. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to find out the risk factors of the postive aortic valvular regurgitation. Results There was no poetoperative death in hospital. The mean follow-up periods was (36.15±22.1) months, rasnge from 12 to 110 months and none long-dated death. Compared with the data recorded in hospital, the diamenters of the aortic sinus and aortic annu lus enlarged significantly, respectively from (26.16±5.10) mm to (32.37±6.84) tam and from (19.41 ～3.98) mm to (23.45± 5.86) mm. The average flow velocity d the homograft (new aortic valve) was(1.39±0.48) m/s, graclient pressure (8.17+6.16) mm Hg. Mild aortic regurgitstion was present in 5 patients (10.6%), moderate aortic tegmgitafion in 2 pmieats (4.3%) and aevere aortic regurgitation in 1 petient (2.1%). The rate of free from regurgitation was 82.9%. Multiple logistic analyses identified the per esence of bicuspid aortic valve, enlargement of aortic annulus and age above 14 years as the risk factors for posterative aortic regurg itation. Conclusion The Ross procedure is a safe and effective procedure with good clinical results in mid-and long-term follow-up. However, the presence of bicuspid aortic valve, enlargement of aortic annulus and age above 14 years preoperatively were identified as the risk factors for postoperative aortic regurgitation.