Changes of Indocyanine Green and Fluorescein Angiography in Multiple Evanescent White-dot Syndrome： A Case Report

Purpose:To study the clinicopathological change on "Multiple Evanescent White-dot Syndrome (MEWDS)" through fundus angiogrphy analyses.Methods:Examing the case with fluorescein angiography (FFA) and indocyanine green angiography(ICGA), visual field and following up for 15 months.Results:There exist multiple white dots in the fundus photo and angiography. The changes on ICGA maintain longer than fundus photo and FFA. Papille may be edematous and macula could present with special hypofluorescent flecks.Conclusions:MEWDS has specific angiographic features. Its pathological changes involve deep retinal pigment epithelium(RPE) as well as choroidal capillaries. The prognosis of the visual acuity for MEWDS is very good. Eye Science 2003;19:171-173.     

Photodynamic Therapy for Age-related Macular Degeneration

PrefaceAge鄄relatedmaculardegeneration(AMD)isanimportantchallengetoophthalmologistsinthe21stcentury.Worldwide,itisthemostcom鄄moncauseoflegalblindnessamongindividualsolderthan60years[1].ItisknownthatseverevisionlossinmajorityofpatientswithAMDisduotochoroidalneovascularization(CNV).Laserphot鄄ocoagulationistheonlylong鄄termtreatmentoptionforneovascularAMDandisindicatedforextrafovealorjuxtafoveallesion.Inthesecaseslasertreatmentcancauseirreversibledamagetotheretinalpigmentepitheliumandsens…     

老年性黄斑变性的早期诊断

由于老年性黄斑变性在我国的发病率有上升的趋势，该病的早期诊断、早期治疗对其预后起着非常重要的作用，而目前尚无统一且有效的早期诊断方法，常需综合多种检查结果。判断其发展趋势。我们就目前常用的一些有关老年性黄斑变性的早期诊断方法及诊断标准作一综述。     

Indocyanine Green Angiographic and Multifocal Electroretinographic Features in the Diffuse and Regional Form of Bietti‘s Crystalline Retinopathy

Purpose:To observe different features of indocyanine green angiography(ICGA) and multifocal electroretinography(ERG)in the diffuse and regional type of Bieti‘s crystalline retinopathy(BCR).MEthods:ICGA and the multifocal ERG were performed in two cases of the diffuse and regional type of BCR respectively.These data were compared with fluorescein angiography(FA),Standard Ganzfeld ERG,and visual field testing.Results:In the regional case,ICGA revealed reduced perfusion of the choroidal circulation in the early phase and multiple hypofluorescent spots in the posterior pole in the late phase,due to choriocapillaris filling defect;the extent of choroiocapillaris loss was shown in early phase of ICGA and there were multifocal hyperfluorescent dots surrounding hypofluorescent spots in late phase in the diffuse case.The multifocal ERG showed that the central responses were markedly depressed,corresponding to the visual field defects,while the findings of Ganzfeld ERG were normal in the regional BCR;However,both the multifocal ERG and Ganzfeld ERG were severely subnormal in the diffuse case.Conclusions:The features of ICGA and multifocal ERG are different between the diffuse and regional BCR.In the meantime,the two tools are also useful to differentiate the type and assess the extent of evolution in BCR.     

A Macular Hole in a Female Adult with Bilateral Coats Disease

Purpose:To report a case of a macular hole in a female adult with bilateral Coats disease.Methods:The fundus photograph, fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) were performed in two eyes, and observed theirs characters.Results:Fundus photograph showed massive yellowish-white exudation in the temporal midperiphery of both eyes, but the degree was slighter in the right eye. There was 1/3 DD macular hole in left eye. FFA revealed general dilatation of capillaries, multiple aneurysms, and tortuous and closure of vessels in superotemporal midperiphery in both eyes, but the degree was slighter in the right eye. There was a one-third DD round transmitted fluorescence according the macula hole. ICGA revealed that hyperfluorescence of aneurysms in superotemporal midperiphery, the images of aneurysms were more clearly than in FFA. There was a 2/3 DD hypoflurescence of macula in the late phase of angiography.Conclusions: FFA and ICGA have respective advantage in revealing vas     

老年性黄斑盘状变性23例临床分析

报告老年性黄斑盘状变性２３例，男２０例（２５眼），女３例（３眼），双眼５例，单眼１８例，共２８眼。年龄４９－９０岁。１５例作了眼底荧光血管造影，８例未作造影，但眼底有典型改变。１９例（２２眼）为活动期，４例（６眼）为瘢痕期。随访１６例，时间１－２０年，活动期１２例（１３眼），瘢痕期４例（６眼）。对老年性黄斑变性的早期诊断、早期治疗和随访观察非常重要。     

老年性黄斑变性的早期诊断—Octopus自动视野计黄斑阈值临床价值的探讨

目的　用 Octopus- 12 3视野计黄斑阈值程序检测早期 AMD黄斑 10°光敏感度 ,探讨其对 AMD早期诊断的临床价值。方法　对早期 AMD患者 6 8眼 ,正常对照 40眼分别检测了中央 10°范围视网膜光敏度、Amsler表和 FFA检查。结果　早期 AMD病人与正常对照组比较 ML S有明显差异性。早期 AMD病人 ML S降低阳性率为 5 0 .77% ,Am sler表检查阳性率为 2 0 % ,FFA检查异常为 35 %。结论　 Octopus自动视野计黄斑阈值检查优于Amsler表中心视野检查及 FFA检查 ,可为 AMD的早期诊断提供有效的方法     

Studying the Relationship of Dense Matrix Mapping in Macular with the Changes of Ocular Fundus in AMD Patients

目的应用黄斑区密集点矩阵视野（ＤＭＭＭ）研究并结合电子计算机眼底图像分析老年黄斑变性（ＡＭＤ）患者视野光敏感度（ＬＳ）与眼底的改变，以找出眼底病变与ＤＭＭＭ光敏感度改变的规律及评价其应用价值。方法用Ｈｕｍｐｈｒｅｙ－６４０视野计自行设计ＤＭＭＭ检测ＡＭＤ干性组５１人５５眼，湿性组２３人２７眼，用Ｚｅｉｓｓ公司生产的ＫＯＮＴＲＯＮＥＬＥＫ－ＴＲＯＮＩＫＩｍａｇｅＡｎａｌｙｓｉｓＤｉｖｉｓｉｏｎ—计算机图像分析仪对ＡＭＤ患者眼底相片病变面积自动测量。结果ＡＭＤ干性组和湿性组眼底病灶面积与视野ＬＳ的总丢失量显著性检验均有显著差异，湿性组眼底病灶面积与视野ＬＳ的降低更为明显。干性组主要以局限性损害为主，而湿性组则以弥漫性损害为主。结论ＡＭＤ眼底病灶与ＤＭＭＭ的ＬＳ的降低密切相关。     

渗出型老年性黄斑变性的B型超声表现

目的：研究渗出型老年性黄斑变性的B超声像学表现。方法：对19例(20眼)经荧光素眼底血管造影确诊的渗出型老年性黄斑变性，行B型超声检查。结果：19例(20眼)B型超声检查：均表现为不同程度黄斑区球壁局限性增厚、粗糙、隆起，以及增厚球壁形成层间透声裂隙。结论：B型超声检查是诊断渗出型老年性黄斑变性的一种简便和有效的方法，尤其在屈光间质混浊的病人中可作为诊断渗出型老年性黄斑变性的重要辅助依据。     

B型超声检查对渗出型老年性黄斑变性的诊断价值

目的:探讨渗出型老年性黄斑变性(Age-related macular degeneration,AMD)的B型超声影象特征。方法:采用NIDEKUS-3300型超声诊断仪,对31例(54只眼)渗出型AMD进行了观察。结果:视网膜色素上皮脱离时,眼内后极部出现膜状弧形回声,光带与眼球壁之间,可见一个梭形透声区;渗出或出血未完全吸收阶段,呈混合性回声;渗出或出血逐渐吸收并为瘢痕组织所替代时,可见实体性小隆起物,强回声,形状似凸透镜或三角形,凸起端指向球后,玻璃体腔面平坦。结论:B型超声在渗出型AMD的诊断、治疗随访观察中具有实用价值。眼科学报1999;15:233-235。     

不明原因黄斑出血的吲哚青绿脉络膜血管造影

目的:探讨眼底荧光血管造影不能确定出血原因的黄斑出血的原发病灶。方法:对18例(20眼)不明原因黄斑出血作了吲哚青绿脉络脉络膜血管造影检查及分析。结果:本文结果表明导致不明原因黄斑出血的原发病灶有三类:脉络膜新生血管形成、视网膜血管异常和黄斑区偶发性出血。其中脉络膜新生血管导致的不明原因黄斑出血占多数(14眼),而由视网膜血管异常(3眼)和黄斑区偶发性出血(3眼)所致的不明原因黄斑出血比率较少。结论:吲哚青绿脉络膜血管造影对揭示不明原因黄斑出血的原发病灶有非常重要的价值。眼科学报 1997;13:62～66。     

老年黄斑变性的局部视网膜电图研究

目的:观察老年黄斑变性(AMD)对视网膜黄斑部电活动影响特征,并对局部视网膜电图(LERG)的敏感性作出评价。方法:对80例AMD患者99只眼进行了黄斑区三个范围局部视网膜电图(LERG)测定,并与患者的视力及相应检测范围病损面积进行了对比研究。结果:黄斑区2.5°、5°、7.5°范围内,干性AMD组LERG平均振幅降低,但与正常对照组间无显著性差异(P>0.05),湿性AMD组LERG平均振幅显著降低(P<0.01)。湿性AMD LERG b波振幅与病人视力呈正相关性,与相应范围病灶面积呈负相关。干性AMD玻璃膜疣数量对LERG尚无影响。结论:不同类型AMD对于黄斑功能损害程度不同,湿性型损害大于干性型;中心凹功能损害大于旁中心凹。LERG在AMD的黄斑功能测定方面是较敏感的电生理方法。眼科学报 1996;12:93—97。     

渗出型老年黄斑变性的吲哚菁绿血管造影图像特征

目的 探讨渗出型老年黄斑变性(AMD)吲哚菁绿血管造影(ICGA)与荧光素眼底血管造影(FFA)比较的图像特征。方法 对52例65眼渗出型AMD患者进行了眼底彩色照相、FFA和ICGA检查。结果 渗出型AMD的65眼中，ICGA诊断为典型性脉络膜新生血管(CNV)有33跟．占50．8％，FFA诊惭为典型性CNV有8眼，占11．6％；FFA诊断为隐匿性CNV的35眼中，ICGA诊断为边界清楚或久清楚的斑状CNV有22眼；合并黄斑出血39眼中，FFA不能发现的CNV而ICGA能发现共5眼；FFA诊断为痕痕染色的7眼中，有2眼有ICGA中发现CNV；ICGA发现CNV的供养血管(feeding vessel)有3眼。结论 ICGA比FFA发现CNV诊断率高，准确地显示黄斑出血所掩盖的CNV，ICCA有助丁发现CNV的供养血管。     

Imaging in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Imaging plays an essential role in the diagnosis and treatment of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). This review describes the imaging modalities most commonly employed by ophthalmologists caring for patients with neovascular AMD. Imaging modalities discussed include fluorescein angiography, optical coherence tomography, indocyanine green angiography, and fundus autofluorescence.     

老年性黄斑变性的研究进展

综述了老年性黄斑变性（AMD）近几年的研究现状,包括AMD的流行病学,病因学,病理机制和中西医治疗等。其中AMD的发病与年龄,人种,遗传史,吸烟,环境等因素有关;病理机制与视网膜色素上皮的代谢障碍和慢性非特异性炎症性病变有关;治疗方法主要有激光光凝,光动力学,手术,放射,基因,药物等。由于目前对AMD的治疗尚无确切疗法,应用中医药进行治疗是一个值得探索的方向。     

老年黄斑变性线粒体DNA缺失的初步研究

目的:研究与衰老和氧化磷酸化功能缺陷有关的细胞线粒体DNA(mtDNA)突变,从基因水平探讨老年黄斑变性(ARMD)的发病机理。方法:应用聚合酶链反应(PCR)对20例老年黄斑变性(ARMD)病人之血细胞线粒体DNA(mtDNA)缺失进行了初步研究。结果:有6例湿性ARMD扩增出2条异常DNA片段,提示在mtDNA位点7901～13650之间存在有2种mtDNA缺失,其缺失片段大小分别为5.0kb和5.2kb。另有5例湿性ARMD扩增出1条1.2kb的异常片段,提示在mtDNA位点8531～13400之间还存在1种长度为3.67kb的缺失片段,10例对照均未扩增出异常mtDNA片段。结论:提示在湿性ARMD病人血细胞mtDNA存在有包括与年龄相关的长度为5.0kb在内的多重缺失,mtDNA突变与ARMD发病机制的关系还需进一步深入研究。眼科学报 1997;13:52     

An Immunologic Study on Age-related Macular Degeneration

Forty-one patients with age-related macular degeneration(AMD) were detected for serum autoantibodies against normal humanretinal protein by means of Western immunoblot analysis.Twenty-sevenout of the 41 patients showed positive response,with a rate of 66 percent.The positive rate of antiretinal antibody in the AMD patients wassignificantly higher than that in normal controls (18%) and in patients withother retinal diseases (24%) (p<0.0005).These antiretinal antibodies fromthe AMD patients partly reacted with the retinal protein of molecular weightbetween 28 and 32 Kd,partly with Mr of 38 to 42 Kd,48 to 52 Kd,62 to65 Kd or 110 to 130 Kd.Of them,the antiretinal antibody against theprotein with Mr of 28 to 32 Kd in the AMD patients was higher than innormal controls (p<0.05).Two or more antibodies were found in theserum from AMD patients,showing a significant difference between thepatients and the controls (p<0.005).The results indicated that in theoccurrence of AMD and/or during its developing process there wereinflammation and immunological response,involving antibodies againstretinal proteins of various molecular weight.Eye Science 1993;9:113-120.     

Farnsworth-Munsell100色彩试验在老年性黄斑变性早期诊断中的价值

采用FM100-色彩试验仪,测定了中心视力正常(≥1.0)、眼底有drusen 早期AMD 病人60例(87眼)和正常对照组51例(73眼)。结果显示,早期AMD 与正常组相比,色彩分辨力明显异常,且损害程度与drusen 数量及形态有关。此外,对侧眼有晚期AMD 较对侧眼没有晚期AMD 色彩分辩力损害更重。提示FM100-色彩试验可作为AMD 的早期诊断手段。