The relationship between solitary pulmonary nodules and bronchi: multi-slice CT-pathological correlation

AIM: To investigate the relationship between solitary pulmonary nodules (SPN) and bronchi and its value in predicting the nature of the SPN. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed volumetric targeted scans of 0.5 mm collimation with multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT), reconstructing multiplanar reconstructions (MPR), curved multiplanar reconstructions (CMPR) and surface-shaded display (SSD) images of bronchi in 78 consecutive patients with SPN (53 malignant and 25 benign) and correlated the findings with those of macroscopic and microscopic specimens. RESULTS: With this CT protocol, the third to seventh-order bronchi were shown continuously and very clearly in all patients. CT findings were consistent with those of specimens. CT demonstrated the relationship between the SPN and bronchi in 46 (86.8%) malignant and 18 (75.0%) benign nodules. Five types of tumour-bronchus relationships were identified with MSCT. Type I: the bronchus was obstructed abruptly by the SPN; type II: the bronchus penetrated into the SPN with tapered narrowing and interruption; type III: the bronchial lumen shown within the SPN was patent and intact; type IV: the bronchus ran around the periphery of the SPN with intact lumen; type V: the bronchus was displaced, compressed and narrowed by the SPN. Malignant nodules were most commonly of type I (58.5%), secondly of type IV (26.4%) and rarely of type V (1.9%). Benign nodules were most often of type V (36.0%), followed by type III (20.0%), type I (16.0%), and there were no type II. Types I, II and IV were more common in malignant nodules, whereas type V was seen more frequently seen in benign nodules (p<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups regarding type III. CONCLUSION: Ultra-thin section with MSCT and MPR, CMPR and SSD reconstruction can improve the demonstration of the patterns of tumour-bronchus relationships, which can reflect the pathological changes of the nodules to some extent and help differentiate malignant from benign tumours.     

良、恶性孤立性肺结节支气管征的相关性研究

目的：分析孤立性肺结节的支气管征的表现形式,研究孤立性肺结节的良恶性与其支气管形态学改变的相关性,探讨其临床应用价值。方法：54例直径≤3cm的SPN患者（其中恶性结节32例,良性结节22例）行全肺层厚为10mm螺旋扫描,并对病灶进行薄层扫描。所有患者平扫的原始数据以2.5mm进行标准算法薄层重建,将数据传入GE-AW4.0工作站进行图像后处理,分别以多平面重组（MPR）、曲面重组（CPR）、最大密度投影（MIP）、最小密度投影（MIP）及表面遮盖显示（SSD）等方法显示SPN与支气管的关系。将结果与手术病理组织对照。结果：①全肺层厚为10mm螺旋扫描,并对病灶进行薄层扫描。全肺扫描行层厚为2.5mm的标准算法薄层重建,结合各种工作站后处理方法,能极好的显示SPN与相关支气管的关系及形态特征;②54例SPN中与支气管有关系的43例（79.6%）,其中恶性结节29例（90.6%）,良性结节14例（63.6%）。其差异有显著性意义（P〈0.05）;③SPN-支气管关系分为5型：Ⅰ型支气管于SPN边缘被截断;Ⅱ型支气管进入SPN内并变尖、变细或锥状中断;Ⅲ支气管穿过SPN,其管腔通畅;Ⅳ型支气管沿SPN边缘走行而不中断,支气管壁增厚、牵拉;Ⅴ型,支气管沿SIN边缘走行而不中断,支气管壁无改变;④SPN与支气管关系大部分表现为单型,亦可表现为多型共存。恶性结节中均以Ⅰ型、Ⅱ型和Ⅲ型最常见,良性结节以Ⅰ型和Ⅲ型最常见。Ⅱ型主要见于恶性结节,不见于良性结节,其差异有显著性意义（P〈0．05）。Ⅲ型表现在良性结节中明显高于恶性结节,其差异有显著性意义（P〈0．05）。结论：多层螺旋CT螺旋扫描及薄层扫描合并薄层重建能清楚显示SPN与支气管关系及类型,两者关系对SPN良恶性性质的诊断和鉴别有重要价值。     

Value of multiplanar reconstruction in MSCT in demonstrating the relationship between solitary pulmonary nodule and bronchus

In this report, we studied the value of the solitary pulmonary nodule (SPN)–bronchus relationship in determining the nature of SPN by multiplanar reconstruction (MPR) in multislice spiral computed tomography (MSCT). One hundred forty-eight SPN cases were enrolled. CT was performed in all cases using MSCT. Images were then transferred to a processing workstation for MPR. The results showed that MPR is a valuable tool for visualizing the SPN–bronchus relationship and that the SPN–bronchus relationship is useful in determining the nature and the degree of differentiation of SPN.     

11C-胆碱与18F-FDG双时相PET/CT显像结合高分辨率CT在孤立性肺结节鉴别诊断中的应用

目的比较11C-胆碱（11C-CHO）PET/CT、18F-FDG双时相PET/CT、常规18F-FDG PET/CT、11C-CHO+18F-FDG双时相PET/CT显像结合高分辨率CT（HRCT）4种方法对鉴别诊断孤立性肺结节（SPN）良恶性的价值。方法对28例SPN患者进行18F-FDG PET/CT显像（注药后l h显像,2 h行延迟显像）和11C-CHO PET/CT显像（于注药10 min后进行）。PET图像判断以SPN最大截面勾画ROI,计算SUV_max作为半定量指标,SUV_max ≥ 2.5为阳性,18F-FDG PET/CT延迟显像SUV_max上升10%为恶性病变（阳性）,下降或升高 < 10%为良性病变（阴性）。HRCT以是否有分叶征、短细毛刺、胸膜尾征、支气管充气征、血管集束征、空泡征为分析良恶性的指征。所有病例进行临床综合分析及随访,以影像诊断是否符合临床随访及病理结果作为判断标准。组间SUV_max的比较采用t检验;计数资料的比较采用χ2检验。结果 28例SPN患者中,病理或临床随访诊断发现肺癌17例,结核7例,结节病4例。常规18F-FDG PET/CT显像确诊21例,18F-FDG双时相PET/CT显像确诊24例,11C-CHO PET/CT显像确诊23例,11C-CHO +18F-FDG双时相PET/CT+HRCT确诊27例。28例患者良恶性结节的18F-FDG及11C-CHO PET/CT的SUV_max比较,差异有统计学意义（t=10.57和13.19,均P < 0.05）。良恶性结节分叶、毛刺、胸膜尾征、血管集束征之间的差异有统计学意义（χ2=9.27、10.36、14.31和17.52,均P < 0.05）。11C-CHO+18F-FDG双时相PET/CT+HRCT联合显像的灵敏度为81.8%,特异度为94.1%,准确率为96.4%,明显高于非联合显像。结论 11C-CHO+18F-FDG双时相PET/CT+HRCT能较好地鉴别SPN的良恶性,三者联合能提高对SPN的诊断率。     

孤立性肺结节的CT征象(附65例分析)

目的分析孤立性肺结节的CT影像学特征,及早诊断恶性结节。方法搜集经临床治疗后观察证实或病理证实的65例孤立性肺结节,其中恶性结节35例(周围型肺癌);良性结节30例(结核球18例,炎性结节10例,错构瘤2例)。所有病例行常规CT扫描,并对部分结节病灶进行HRCT检查。结果典型结节并具有深分叶征,毛刺征,小泡征,含气支气管征,胸膜凹陷征,血管集束征对恶性结节的诊断具有较高价值。结论CT,特别是HRCT对孤立性肺结节的定性诊断具有十分重要的作用。     

无显性胸水的肺癌胸膜播种性转移:影像学检出和诊断

目的提高对无显性胸水的肺癌胸膜播种性转移的影像学检出和诊断水平。方法对12例无明显胸水征象而经手术和病理证实有胸膜播种性转移的肺癌病例的胸部平片、普通CT和高分辨率CT(HRCT)等影像学表现进行回顾性分析;并结合文献比较上述各种影像学手段对此种肺癌胸膜播种性转移的检出和诊断价值。结果本组12例肺癌胸膜播种性转移中,胸部平片、CT和HRCT对其检出率分别为8.3%、58.3%和91.7%。HRCT对肋胸膜和纵隔胸膜转移检出率为54.5%,对叶间胸膜转移的检出率为85.7%。胸壁胸膜播种性转移的HRCT表现有:(1)胸膜面毛糙和棘状小突起;(2)胸膜面凹凸不平;(3)胸膜面散在2~3 mm大小结节;(4)胸膜面5~10 mm左右圆形或半圆形结节;(5)胸膜面正常。叶间胸膜播种性转移的HRCT表现有:(1)叶间胸膜均匀增厚;(2)叶间胸膜不均匀增厚;(3)叶间胸膜上散在2~3 mm结节;(4)2~3 mm结节与增厚的叶间胸膜一起构成串珠状改变;(5)叶间裂附近成堆或散在2~3 mm结节,酷似位于肺实质内。结论HRCT是检出和诊断肺癌胸膜播种性转移的最佳影像学技术。     

Progressing features of atypical mycobacterial infection in the lung on conventional and high resolution CT (HRCT) images.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to clarify the localization of abnormalities within secondary pulmonary lobules and the changes in follow-up studies of pulmonary atypical mycobacterial infection (AMI) by conventional and high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-six patients (16 men and 30 women; 43-84 years) with pulmonary AMI (M. intracellulare 36; M. avium 10) in the lung were examined by conventional and HRCT. RESULTS: In peripheral zones, all patients had the nodule located in the terminal or lobular bronchiole, and most of the patients also had nodules accompanied with a wedge-shaped or linear shadow connected with the pleura. In the follow-up scans, new centrilobular nodules appeared in other segments, and consolidation or ground-glass pattern appeared newly and was preceded by nodules. Bronchiectasis became more severe in five of 38 follow-up patients. CONCLUSION: The common HRCT findings of AMI were centrilobular, peribronchovascular nodules, bronchiectasis, consolidation, and pleural thickening/adhesion. The nodules frequently connected with the pleura. The initial and follow-up studies suggest that the disease may begin in the terminal bronchiole or as preexisting bronchiectasis and spread transbronchially along the draining bronchus or towards the pleura to produce lesions such as new nodules, cavities, consolidation, pleuritis, and bronchiectasis, or more severe bronchiectasis.     

肺泡微石症的影像学诊断

目的　探讨肺泡微石症的影像学诊断依据。方法　回顾分析 5例经活检病理证实或临床综合确诊的肺泡微石症X平片、CT、HRCT征象 ,了解病变部位和病变数量。结果　X平片示 ;两肺有弥漫分布的细沙粒状阴影 ,两下肺野较多 ,且内带较外带多 ,显示肺野密度增浓 ;两上肺分布较少 ,肺野透光度尚可 ,但较正常人密度增高。CT表现 :两肺弥漫性对称性分布细小沙粒状结节 ,中下肺较密集。部分融合成较大结节 ,形成大小不等的薄层致密带 ,CT值约 2 5 0～ 70 0HU ,多合并不同程度的肺气肿和间质纤维化。纵隔窗呈“火焰征”或“白描征”。HRCT表现 :细小结节是沿支气管血管束和胸膜下分布。结论　此病影像表现具有特征性 ,胸部平片仍是发现本病的基本手段 ,CT尤其HRCT对本病的诊断和鉴别诊断起决定性作用     

二维及三维螺旋CT对周围型肺癌的诊断与评价

目的探讨二维(2D)及三维(3D)螺旋CT对周围型肺癌的诊断和临床应用价值。材料与方法34例周围型肺癌行螺旋CT扫描(层厚1～3mm)且行三维重建,三维重建方法包括遮盖表面显像(SSD)和多平面重建(MPR)。结果2DCT能较好显示周围型肺癌内部结构,边缘毛刺及分叶,病灶与肺内血管、胸膜、纵隔结构的关系,但只能以横断面显示,范围较局限。SSD显示肿块整体形态、分叶,肿块侵犯胸膜及与支气管关系方面优于2DCT,图像直观,立体感强,但显示肿块内部结构及边缘毛刺差。MPR可以从多个方面显示肿块与胸膜、纵隔结构的关系,准确显示纵隔及肺门肿大淋巴结位置。结论以2D螺旋CT为基础,结合SSD及MPR3DCT图像是诊断和评价周围型肺癌最有效的方法之一,SSD及MPR3DCT图像直观,对其分期、术前评估及指导支纤镜活检和手术治疗有重要价值。     

螺旋CT三维成像技术对孤立性肺结节的应用价值

目的:探讨三维重建成像对孤立性肺结节(SPN)形态特征的显示及其良恶性的诊断价值。方法:对37例SPN(直径<3cm)进行增强薄层扫描,利用三维成像软件用表面遮盖法(SSD)进行三维重建,调整阈值上、下限,分别观察结节的表面形态及与相邻胸膜、支气管、血管的关系,分析三维形态学改变对鉴别其良恶性的诊断价值。结果:3D CT完整显示了37例SPN立体形态和结节与周围血管的关系及血管类型,直观显示34例SPN相邻胸膜内外侧面形态改变和结节与周围支气管的关系,3D CT形态分型,在良恶性SPN上有差异。结论:三维重建技术不仅能三维显示SPN的异常表现,而且能显示结节与支气管、血管和胸壁是的解剖关系及形态学特征。3D CT结合2D CT有助于提高诊断准确性,是鉴别SPN良恶性的有效的影像学检查方法。     

多层螺旋CT对孤立性肺结节与支气管、血管关系的评价

目的：研究孤立性肺结节（SPN）与支气管、血管的关系及其分型,并探讨其诊断价值。方法：对60例直径≤3cmSPN患者均行MSCT扫描,并进行图像后处理,显示SPN与相关支气管、血管的关系及其类型,并将结果与病理结果相比较。结果：①SPN与相关支气管、血管的关系及形态特征能良好显示。CT显示SPN与支气管有关系者恶性结节28例,良性结节13例;与血管有关系者恶性结节31例,良性结节22例;与支气管和血管均有关系者恶性结节23例,良性结节15例;②SPN与支气管关系分为4型：Ⅰ型,支气管于SPN边缘被截断;Ⅱ型,支气管到达SPN时变尖、变细或锥状中断;Ⅲ型,支气管在SPN内呈长段开放状,并可进一步分叉;Ⅳ型,支气管紧贴SPN边缘走行而不中断。SPN与支气管关系大部分表现为单型,亦可表现为多型共存。本文中Ⅰ型19例,Ⅱ型6例,Ⅲ型8例,Ⅳ型8例。③SPN与血管关系分5型：Ⅰ型肺血管于SPN边缘被截断,一支或多支末端杵状增粗;Ⅱ型肺血管于SPN边缘被截断,末端不呈杵状增粗;Ⅲ型显示为血管切迹征;Ⅳ型肺血管延伸进入或穿过SPN;Ⅴ型血管紧贴SPN边缘走行,或受压呈弧形改变。SPN与血管关系大部分表现为单型,也可表现为混合型。本文中Ⅰ型16例,Ⅱ型10例,Ⅲ型10例,Ⅳ型9例,Ⅴ型8例。结论：采用MSCT薄层扫描,结合MPR、CPR、VR能准确显示SPN与支气管、血管的关系及其分型,将两者结合对SPN良恶性性质的诊断和鉴别有重要价值。     

18F-FDG PET/CT显像联合HRCT对孤立性原发肺浸润性黏液腺癌的诊断价值

目的探讨孤立性原发肺浸润性黏液腺癌18F-FDG PET/CT显像和HRCT征象及两者联合对该病的诊断价值。方法回顾性分析经病理证实为浸润性黏液腺癌、有18F-FDG PET/CT双时相显像及病灶层面同机HRCT扫描资料的9例患者,对PET/CT早期、延迟显像及滞留指数、HRCT征象进行综合分析。结果HRCT图像上表现为2例呈实性结节、病灶周围无类似卫星灶样影,6例实性结节周围伴小点片及磨玻璃样影,1例为单纯磨玻璃样结节;分叶征(6例)、血管集束征(6例)、支气管充气征(4例)、空泡征(2例)、毛刺征(1例);18F-FDG PET/CT融合图像上8例病灶表现为不均匀FDG代谢增高,早期显像平均SUVmax为3.2±2.5,延迟现象SUVmax增高6例、降低2例,平均SUVmax为3.5±2.4,平均滞留指数为(10.4±29.3)%,9例均未见纵隔、双侧肺门淋巴结及其他部位转移征象,其18F-FDG PET/CT融合图像上18F-FDG摄取与HRCT相匹配,18F-FDG摄取相对集中于结节的实性区域,病灶磨玻璃区18F-FDG摄取不明显;综合手术病理结果等临床资料证实,9例均为T1N0M0期,与PET/CT分期一致。结论对于影像学检查发现肺孤立性占位患者,在单一影像学检查难以明确诊断的情况下,18F-FDG PET/CT双时相显像上病灶不均匀18F-FDG摄取相对集中于其实性区域的代谢方式与HRCT相联合,可辅助孤立性原发性肺浸润性黏液腺癌的诊断。     

Small solitary pulmonary nodule and high-resolution CT: a preliminary report

In the attempt to separate primary lung cancers and benign lesions presenting as solitary pulmonary nodules (SPNs) the authors studied prospectively 52 SPNs less than 30 mm in diameter by means of high-resolution (HRCT). Patients with known cancer were excluded. Margins, internal structure, bronchus sign, calcifications, pleural tag and gross morphology of SPN were considered. Spiculation, air inside the nodule and bronchus sign were found in cancer and in one benign lesion (spiculation). All other benign SPNs presented smooth margins without bronchus sign or air inside the mass. Final diagnosis was obtained with surgery, fine-needle-aspiration biopsy or 12-month follow-up. Of 52 nodules, 28 proved malignant, and 24 of 52 proved benign. Sensitivity and specificity of HRCT for diagnosing malignancy of the nodule were 100% and 96%, respectively. In conclusion, we think that HRCT is useful in the differentiation of cancers from benign lesions presenting as SPNs in the majority of patients without known neoplasm. Correspondence to: L. Volterrani     

Solitary pulmonary nodules: optimal slice thickness of high-resolution CT in differentiating malignant from benign

The purpose of this study was to determine an optimal slice thickness that was efficient in differentiating malignant from benign solitary pulmonary nodules (SPNs) on high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) images. For a total of 92 SPNs, four radiologist indicated their confidence level for the malignant or benign SPN on the CT images presented in 1-, 3-, and 5-mm slice thickness. HRCT could be used to differentiate more accurately the malignant nodules from the benign ones using 1-mm-thick sections than 3- or 5-mm-thick sections.     

HRCT上界面影像在肺内孤立性结节鉴别诊断中的意义

目的:探讨高分辨率CT(HRCT)上界面影像在肺内孤立性结节(SPN)鉴别诊断中的意义。方法:回顾性分析98例SPN的界面影像表现,其中经手术病理证实的85例,经抗炎治疗后病变消失的6例,诊断为良性肿瘤随访2年以上病变无变化的7例。所有病例均具常规螺旋CT(SCT)及HRCT资料。结果:良恶性结节界面模糊出现率分别为31%(13/42)和12.5%(7/56)(P<0.05);界面清楚分别为61.9%(26/42)和78.6%(44/56)(P>0.05);光滑锐利分别为26.2%(11/42)和1.8%(1/56)(P<0.001);细短毛刺分别为23.8%(10/42)和57.1%(32/56)(P<0.001);粗长毛刺出现率分别为23.8%(10/42)和8.9%(5/56)(P<0.05);索条征分别为19%(8/42)和3.8%(2/56)(P<0.05);锯齿征9例全部为恶性结节。结论:界面影像在不同性质的SPN中出现率不同,具有重要的鉴别诊断意义,HRCT有助于显示这些征象,应列为SPN的常规检查手段。     

螺旋CT薄层扫描并MPVR重建对孤立性肺结节的诊断价值

目的:探讨螺旋CT肺薄层扫描并多层面重建对孤立性肺结节的诊断价值。方法:对86例SPN患者进行螺旋CT规范化检查,并使用多层面重建(MPVR)技术重建观察。病灶结节直径选在0.8~3.0cm,病历均经临床手术或肺穿刺活检病理证实。其中恶性59例,均为原发性肺癌,包括腺癌25例、鳞癌17例、细支气管肺泡癌10例、小细胞未分化癌7例;良性病变27例,包括结核灶13例、炎性假瘤9例、错构瘤5例。结果:86例SPN的CT征象中,分叶征和棘突或毛刺征多出现于恶性结节,与病理和随访结果对比,螺旋CT薄层扫描并MPVR重建判断肺小结节良恶性的准确率、灵敏度、特异性、阳性预测值和阴性预测值分别为75.6%、76.3%、74.1%、86.5%、58.8%。结论:SCT肺薄层扫描并MPVR重建能显示更多的SPNCT征象,对SPN的良恶性诊断有较高的诊断价值。     

高分辨率CT对肺孤立性结节的诊断价值

目的 评价高分辨率CT(HRCT)与常规螺旋CT(CSCT)为准确诊断肺孤立性结节(SPN)提供信息的能力。方法 18例经手术、痰细胞学或临床证实为SPN的息者均经HRCT与CSCT检查。18例患者中，良性结节(BSPN)13例，其中炎性病变8例，结核球3例，以及错构瘤2例；恶性结节(MSPN)5例，均为原发性肺癌。所有结节的直径介于0．5cm～3．0cm之间，平均为2．2cm。对18例SPN在HRCT与CSCT发现之内部、边缘及周围征象进行了分析。结果 在HRCT像上，分叶征见于4例BSPN(31％)和5例MSPN(100％)，毛刺征见于4例BSPN(31％)和5例MSPN(100％)，胸膜凹陷征见于4例BSPN(31％)和3例MSPN(60％)，棘状突起见于1例BSPN(8％)和2例MSPN(40％)。支气管充气征仅见于2例BSPN(炎性结节)(15％)，结节内脂肪成分仅见于2例BSPN(错构瘤)(15％)。周围型肺气肿仅见于2例BSPN(结核球)(15％)。CT晕征仅见于3例BSPN(23％)。然而，坏死区，锯齿状边缘，卫星病灶，以及限局性胸膜增厚则仅见于MSPN。CSCT虽能证实全部病例的SPN存在，但上述多数HRCT上显示的征象是看不到的。结论 HRCT对SPN内部、边缘及周围征象的评价明显优于CSCT，且能在多数病例中将BSPN同MSPN加以鉴别。     

肺泡微石症的CT诊断

目的探讨肺泡微石症的ＣＴ表现及诊断价值。方法回顾性分析９例经活检病理证实或临床综合确诊的肺泡微石症ＣＴ表现。结果常规ＣＴ表现：肺窗示肺实质内有无数细小散在的粟粒结节，以中下肺的外周部密集，其ＣＴ值为２００～４００ＨＵ，多合并不同程度的肺气肿及间质纤维化；纵隔窗示细结节影最密集区常呈沿胸膜的线带状或散在的点簇状钙化，形成“火焰征”及“白描征”。高分辨率ＣＴ（ＨＲＣＴ）表现：肺野似磨玻璃样，结节大小稍有区别，沿支气管血管束分布偏多及小叶间隔增厚。结论ＣＴ尤其ＨＲＣＴ能更准确地反映本病的综合病理特点及病程，在诊断及鉴别诊断中起决定性作用。     

支气管肺癌的影像诊断

肺癌的主要影像检查方法为X线胸片、CT、MRI等,其中高电压胸片、高分辨CT是早期发现及鉴别诊断的最重要的方法。螺旋CT的影像重建技术和MRI对于肿瘤的分期有重要价值。中央型肺癌的早期X线表现为支气管的阻塞性改变,HRCT显示支气管狭窄、管壁增厚及管腔结节。周围型肺癌的早期X线表现为肺内结节或小斑片阴影,HRCT显示结节有分叶、空泡或细支气管气像、边缘毛糙及胸膜凹陷征。CT或MRI增强扫描显示肿瘤明显强化。经皮肺穿刺活检是诊断肺癌的重要方法。螺旋CT对于病变的多平面重建、三维重建及仿真支气管内镜可从多个角度显示病变的形态,对病变的鉴别诊断起辅助作用。对于肺癌转移的诊断方面,CT及MRI可较准确地判断淋巴结转移,三维CT血管重建（CAT）及MR血管成像（MRA）可准确地诊断肿瘤对血管的侵犯。MRI是确定胸壁转移的可靠方法。中心型肺癌需与肺结核及慢性肺炎鉴别,周围型肺癌应与结核球、慢性炎性结节等肺内孤立结节病变鉴别。在充分发挥X线胸片及HRCT检查的基础上,有目的地选择其他影像方法进行综合影像诊断,可提高肺癌的早期诊断及鉴别诊断水平。     

螺旋CT动态增强扫描对孤立性肺结节定性诊断的价值

目的:分析良恶性孤立性肺结节(SPN)的动态强化特点,探讨动态SCT增强扫描对SPN定性诊断的价值。方法:对50例SPN患者进行螺旋CT同层动态增强扫描,对比剂总量100ml,注射流率3ml/s,延迟15s开始扫描,至180s结束,测量结节中心增强前后的CT值,分析最大强化值及时间-密度曲线(TAC),全部病例经手术病理证实。结果:肺炎性结节及恶性结节均显著强化,肺炎性结节强化峰值的时间较肺癌结节延迟。恶性结节的TAC表现为陡峭的上升支后有一较长的平台期,炎性结节的TAC表现为上升支平缓,部分见降支。结核球等其它良性SPN无明显强化。结论:动态SCT增强扫描对SPN定性诊断有较高价值。SPN的强化峰值及TAC形态有助于良、恶性病变的鉴别诊断。