腹腔镜肝切除术治疗肝血管瘤22例临床分析

Objective To investigate technical features and efficacy of laparoscopic liver resec-tion for hepatic hemangioma. Methods The clinic data of 22 patients with hepatic hemangioma receiv-ing laparoscopic liver resection in our hospital from March 2007 to February 2008 were retrospectively analyzed. Results Twenty patients received successful total laparoseopie liver resection and 2 conver-sion to laparotomy. Anatomical liver resection was performed in 14 patients including 5 with left hemi-hepateetomy, 5 with left lateral segmentectomy (1 combined with radiofrequeney ablation for the tumor in the right liver lobe) and 4 with segment Ⅵ resection. Eight patients underwent nonanatomi-cal hepatectomy. The liver parenchyma of 10 patients were transected under regional hemi-hepatic blood occlusion, 7 under intermittent Pringle's manoeuvre, and 5 without hepatic blood inflow block-age. The mean operative duration was 209 rain (92-375 min) and mean blood loss 360ml (50-1300 ml). No operative death and postoperative complications occurred, and the patients recovered well. The mean postoperative hospital stay was 6 d (4-10 d). All the patients were followed up for 2-14 months and no recurrence was found. Conclusion The advantages of laparoseopie liver resection for hepatic hemangioma are safe operation, less complications, and quick postoperative recovery. The key points are right choice of surgical approach, effective control of hepatic blood inflow, proper man-agement of cutting surface of liver, and liver parenchyma amputation being performed 0. 5-1 cm to tumor margin in the normal parenchyma or anatomical liver resection.     

肝切除术治疗肝血管瘤37例分析

目的 探讨肝血管瘤的诊断、手术指征及外科治疗效果.方法 回顾性分析2005年7月至2008年7月我院肝切除术治疗的37例肝血管瘤患者临床资料.所有病例均通过B超、增强CT和(或)MRI明确诊断.手术指征包括:(1)血管瘤直径>5 cm,位于左外叶或边沿部,伴有较明显临床症状;(2)血管瘤直径>10 cm或短期生长迅速.瘤体位于左叶10例,右叶17例,尾叶3例,肝中叶2例,左右叶多发5例.所有病例术前肝功能Child评级均为A级.结果 右半肝切除5例,左半肝切除2例,左外叶切除10例,尾叶切除3例,肝中央叶段切除5例,肝段切除8例,联合肝段切除4例,预防性胆总管切开、T管外引流2例.术中第一肝门阻断28例,阻断时间8～36 min,平均(22.2±14.3)min;全肝血流阻断7例,阻断时间10～40 rain,平均(21.6±12.1)min.术中输血4例,输血量平均为400 ml.所有手术病例过程顺利,切除标本直径5～20 cm,无手术死亡.术后并发症:胸腔积液4例,膈下积液2例.术后病理:37例均为肝海绵状血管瘤.所有病例随访6个月～4年,无复发.结论 在严格把握手术指征的前提下,应用肝切除术治疗肝血管瘤是安全有效的.

Abstract：

Objective To study the diagnosis,surgical indications, and results of surgical treatment for hepatic hemangioma. Methods The data of 37 patients with hepatic hemangioma treated by hepatectomy in our department from July 2005 to July 2008 were analyzed retrospectively. The diagnoses were made by ultrasound, enhanced CT and MRI. Surgical indications included: (1) diameter >5 cm, located at the left lateral section or the lower edge of the liver with symptoms. (2) diameter >10 cm or recent rapid growth. The hemangioma were located in the left liver in 10 patients, right liver in 17, caudate lobe in 3, middle hepatic lobe in 2, multiple tumors in left and right livers in 5.The preoperative liver function was grade A in all patients. Results Five patients underwent right hepatectomy, 2 underwent left hepatectomy, 10 underwent left lateral sectionectomy, 3 underwent caudate lobectomy, 5 underwent central hepatectomy, 8 underwent right anterior sectionectomy, 4 underwent combined hepatic resections and 2 underwent prophylactic exploration of the common bile duct. Pringle's maneuver was applied in 28 patients, and total hepatic vascular exclusion in 7. The occlusion time ranged from 8-36 and 10-40 minutes (average: 22.2±14.3 min and 21.6±12.1 min),respectively. 400 ml of intraoperative blood transfusion was given to 4 patients each. All operations were successfully carried out. The specimens measured 5-20 cm. There was no peri-operative death.The postoperative complications were: pleural effusion (n=4); subphrenic (n=2). Histologic diagnosis confirmed hepatic cavernous hemangioma in all patients. All patients were regularly followed-up (ranged 6 months-4 years), and no recurrence was detected. Conclusion In carefully selected patients, liver resection for hepatic hemangioma is safe and effective.     

Laparoscopic liver resection for hepatocellular adenoma

AIM:To investigate the role of laparoscopy in the surgical management of hepatocellular adenoma(HA). METHODS:We reviewed a prospectively collected database of consecutive patients undergoing laparoscopic liver resection for HA. RESULTS:Thirteen patients underwent fifteen pure laparoscopic liver resections for HA(male/female:3/10; median age 42 years,range 22-72 years).Two patients with liver adenomatosis required two different laparoscopic operations for ruptured adenomas.Indications for surgery were:symptoms in 12 cases,need to rule out malignancy in 2 cases and preoperative diagnosis of large HA in one case.Symptoms were related to bleeding in 10 cases,sepsis due to liver abscess following embolization of HA in one case and mass effect in one case(shoulder tip pain).Five cases with ruptured bleeding adenoma required emergency admis-sion and treatment with selective arterial embolization. Laparoscopic liver resection was then semi-electively performed.Eight patients(62%)required major hepatectomy[right hepatectomy(n=5),left hepatectomy (n=3)].No conversion to open surgery occurred.The median operative time for pure laparoscopic procedures was 270 min(range 135-360 min).The median size of the excised lesions was 85 mm(range 25-180 mm). One patient with adenomatosis developed postoperative bleeding requiring embolization.Mortality was nil. The median hospital stay was 4 d(range 1-18 d)with a median high dependency unit stay of 1 d(range 0-7 d). CONCLUSION:The laparoscopic approach represents a safe option for the management of HA in a semi-elective setting and when major hepatectomy is required.     

医学图像三维可视化系统在精准肝切除中的应用价值

目的 探讨医学图像三维可视化系统(MI-3DVS)在精准肝切除中的指导作用.方法 2008年6月至2010年9月南方医科大学珠江医院利用自行研发的MI-3DVS在术前对45例肝癌患者肝脏的CT薄层图像数据进行三维重建.根据肝内门静脉和肝静脉走行划分肝段,确定肿瘤所在位置,测算切除的功能性肝脏体积并计算剩余肝脏体积百分比.术前评估可切除性,制订个体化的手术方案,然后进行仿真手术演练,指导临床手术.结果 45例肝癌患者根据肝内肝静脉和门静脉的走行分布分为7种类型:常见型21例,与Couinaud分段相同;未分型6例;肝右叶未分型11例;肝左叶未分型4例;肝右静脉型1例;肝中静脉双支型1例;右后下静脉型1例.39例患者行开腹肝癌切除术,平均剩余肝脏体积百分比为74%±17%,术后病理检查均为肝细胞癌;6例患者行TACE治疗.所有患者术后未发生急性肝功能衰竭、出血、胆汁漏等严重并发症.出院后随访6个月,患者无瘤或带瘤生存.结论 用MI-3DVS进行术前评估和指导临床手术,符合肝脏解剖与生理特点,对精准肝切除有重要的指导作用.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the guiding significance of medical image three-dimensional visualization system (MI-3DVS) in precise hepatectomy. Methods The clinical data of 45 patients with hepatic neoplasms who were admitted to the Zhujiang Hospital from June 2008 to September 2010 were prospectively analyzed. The preoperative image data of the liver were three-dimensionally reconstructed by MI-3DVS. According to the distribution of the intrahepatic portal veins and hepatic veins, the liver was divided into different sections,and then tumors can be located within these hepatic segments. The volume percentage of residual liver and volume of liver resected were detected. Evaluation of surgical resectability and surgery simulation were done before operation. Results According to the distribution of the intrahepatic portal veins and hepatic veins, all patients were divided into seven types: 21 patients were with normal type which was the same as Couinaud type, six with nondivided type, 11 with non-divided right liver type, four with non-divided left liver type, one with right hepatic vein type, one with double middle hepatic vein type and one with right posterior vein type. Thirty-nine patients received open hepatectomy, and the volume percentage of the residual liver was 74% ± 17%. Postoperative pathological examination confirmed that all the 39 patients were with hepatocellular carcinoma. Six patients received transcatheter arterial chemoembolization. No severe complications such as acute hepatic failure, bleeding, bile leakage were detected. All patients were followed up for six months, and they survived with or without tumor. Conclusion MI-3DVS has guiding significance in preoperative assessment and perioperative guidance for precise hepatectomy.     

腹腔镜下扩大性膀胱部分切除联合盆腔淋巴结清扫术治疗脐尿管癌

Objective To discuss the techniques and clinical efficacy of laparoscopic partial cystectomy with bilateral pelvic lymphadenectomy for urachal adenocarcinoma. Methods From July 2006 to April 2008, 4 patients with urachal adenocarcinoma were managed by the laparoscopic procedure. Three patients were male, the other one was female, with a median age of 51 (range 42 to 66)years. The mean size of tumors was 3.4(rang 1.9 to 5.4)cm in diameter. Three of them were diagnosed as mucinous adenocarcinoma, the other one was adenocarcinoma. There was 1 patient at stage Ⅱ , and the other three as stage Ⅲ according to Sheldon Stage. Four patients were performed by transperitoneal approach. The boundaries of resection were similar to the open surgery, including resection of the tumor with normal margins, the peritoneum lateral to the two medial unbilical ligaments,the posterior sheath of the rectus muscle and the muscle fibers of the rectus muscle below it, and bilateral pelvic lymphanodes. Results The procedure was successfully in all 4 patients, with a mean operative time of 220(range 150 to 350)min, a mean estimated blood loss of 180 (range 120 to 290)ml.No significant intraoperative or postoperative complications occurred, except for an inferior epigastric artery injury in 1 case. The mean postoperative in-dwelling urinary catheter time was 6 (range 5 to 7)d, and the mean postoperative hospital stay was 6 (range 5 to 8)d. All 36 resected lymph nodes (range 8 to 11) were negative. At a median follow-up of 25(range 15 to 36) months, there was no evidence of recurrent disease by radiologic or cystoscopic evaluation. Conclusion Laparoscopic partial cystectomy and bilateral extended pelvic lymphadenectomy in selected patients with urachal tumors could be a safe, feasible, minimally invasive procedure.     

挽救性肝移植治疗肝癌切除术后肿瘤复发

目的 分析挽救性肝移植治疗肝癌切除术后肿瘤复发患者的疗效.方法 2004年1月至2008年12月,单中心376例肝癌患者接受了肝移植,其中36例(9.6 %)为行根治性肿瘤切除术后因肿瘤肝内复发而接受挽救性肝移植者(挽救性肝移植组).挽救性肝移植组中男性29例,女性7例;16例接受右半肝切除,10例接受左半肝切除,其余10例接受不规则肝切除或肝段切除.首次肝切除至行挽救性肝移植的时间为(34.9±16.2)个月(1～63个月).以同期符合米兰标准并接受首次肝移植的147例作为对照组,比较两组受者的术中情况及术后生存情况、肿瘤复发情况等.结果 挽救性移植组术中出血量和输血量明显多于对照组(P＜0.05),手术时间也长于对照组(P＜0.05).随访期间,挽救性肝移植组死亡11例,其中围手术期死亡1例;对照组共死亡36例,其中围手术期死亡3例.两组手术后并发症、肿瘤复发率、受者存活率以及无瘤存活率的差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 挽救性肝移植虽然较首次肝移植手术难度增加,但不影响患者预后,是根治性肝癌切除术后肿瘤复发患者的有效治疗手段.

Abstract：

Objective To summarize the experience with salvage liver transplantation for patients with recurrent hetaptocellular carcinoma(HCC)after primary liver resection.Methods From 2004 to 2008,376 patients with HCC received liver transplantation in our single center.Among these patients,36 (9.6 %)underwent salvage liver transplantation after primary liver curative resection due to intrahepatic recurrence.There were 29 males and 7 females with the mean age of 46 years old.Sixteen received right lobectomy,10 received left lobectomy and the others received sectionectomy or segmentectomy.As a control group for comparison,we used clinical data of the 147 patients who underwent primary OLT for HCC within Milan Criteria.Results The mean interval between initial liver resection and salvage transplantation was 34.9±16.2 months(1-63 months).Intraoperative bleeding volume,transfusion volume and operative time in the salvage group were significantly different from those in control group (P<0.05).There were no significant difference in post-operative complications,tumor recurrence rate,survival rate and tumor-free survival between these two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion In comparison with primary OLT,although salvage liver transplantation would increase the operation difficulties,it still remains a good option for patients with HCC recurrence after curative resection.     

腹腔镜下扩大性膀胱部分切除联合盆腔淋巴结清扫术治疗脐尿管癌

Objective To discuss the techniques and clinical efficacy of laparoscopic partial cystectomy with bilateral pelvic lymphadenectomy for urachal adenocarcinoma. Methods From July 2006 to April 2008, 4 patients with urachal adenocarcinoma were managed by the laparoscopic procedure. Three patients were male, the other one was female, with a median age of 51 (range 42 to 66)years. The mean size of tumors was 3.4(rang 1.9 to 5.4)cm in diameter. Three of them were diagnosed as mucinous adenocarcinoma, the other one was adenocarcinoma. There was 1 patient at stage Ⅱ , and the other three as stage Ⅲ according to Sheldon Stage. Four patients were performed by transperitoneal approach. The boundaries of resection were similar to the open surgery, including resection of the tumor with normal margins, the peritoneum lateral to the two medial unbilical ligaments,the posterior sheath of the rectus muscle and the muscle fibers of the rectus muscle below it, and bilateral pelvic lymphanodes. Results The procedure was successfully in all 4 patients, with a mean operative time of 220(range 150 to 350)min, a mean estimated blood loss of 180 (range 120 to 290)ml.No significant intraoperative or postoperative complications occurred, except for an inferior epigastric artery injury in 1 case. The mean postoperative in-dwelling urinary catheter time was 6 (range 5 to 7)d, and the mean postoperative hospital stay was 6 (range 5 to 8)d. All 36 resected lymph nodes (range 8 to 11) were negative. At a median follow-up of 25(range 15 to 36) months, there was no evidence of recurrent disease by radiologic or cystoscopic evaluation. Conclusion Laparoscopic partial cystectomy and bilateral extended pelvic lymphadenectomy in selected patients with urachal tumors could be a safe, feasible, minimally invasive procedure.     

骨盆骨肉瘤的外科治疗策略探讨

Objectives To investigate the clinical outcome of consecutive pelvic osteosarcoma treated with surgery and chemotherapy in a single institution, and to discuss the surgical strategy, resection and reconstruction. Methods Twenty-one consecutive cases with pelvic osteosarcoma underwent surgical procedures between June 2000 and June 2009. There were 12 male and 9 female with a mean age of 32 years. According to Enneking and Dunham pelvic classification system, type I was 3 cases, type I + IV 3 cases,type I + Ⅱ 4 cases,type Ⅱ + Ⅲ 4 cases,type I + Ⅱ + Ⅲ 1 case,type Ⅲ 1 case,and type I + Ⅱ + Ⅳ 5 cases. Among the 21 cases, 19 were diagnosed as classical osteosarcoma and 2 were diagnosed as low-grade pathologically. All the tumors were stage Ⅱ B. All the patients received en-bloc resection with 13 wide resection and 8 marginal resection. Thirteen patients underwent modular hemipelvic endoprosthesis reconstruction, and 5 patients underwent rod-screw system reconstruction combined with autograft. Two patients received hemipelvectomy and one type Ⅲ patients had resection without reconstruction. The mean follow-up period was 30. 3 months (range,6. 0-87. 0). Results Thirteen patients out of 21 survived after treatment The overall survival rate was 61. 9% , and 23. 8% patients were alive without disease. The estimated 5-year survival rate was 44. 2% based on Kaplan-Meier curve. The local recurrence rate was 28.6% , among which 4 cases were type Ⅱ resection, 1 was type I resection, 1 was type I + Ⅳ resection. No local relapse was found on the hemipelvectomy and type Ⅲ resection cases. The local recurrence rate after wide resection was 23. 1% ,and 37. 5% for marginal resection. Nine patients had lung metastases and one patient was found bone and lymph node metastases. The MSTS 93 function score was 20. 6±5. 4 for 13 patients,and 22. 5±2. 1 for rod-screw reconstruction cases. The function score was 17. 7±5. 5 for hemipelvic prosthetic reconstruction. Conclusion Limb salvage procedures could be performed on most pelvic osteosarcoma cases, and satisfying function outcome could be achieved with proper reconstruction,however,the overall survival is still lower compared with those in extremities.     

骨盆骨肉瘤的外科治疗策略探讨

Objectives To investigate the clinical outcome of consecutive pelvic osteosarcoma treated with surgery and chemotherapy in a single institution, and to discuss the surgical strategy, resection and reconstruction. Methods Twenty-one consecutive cases with pelvic osteosarcoma underwent surgical procedures between June 2000 and June 2009. There were 12 male and 9 female with a mean age of 32 years. According to Enneking and Dunham pelvic classification system, type I was 3 cases, type I + IV 3 cases,type I + Ⅱ 4 cases,type Ⅱ + Ⅲ 4 cases,type I + Ⅱ + Ⅲ 1 case,type Ⅲ 1 case,and type I + Ⅱ + Ⅳ 5 cases. Among the 21 cases, 19 were diagnosed as classical osteosarcoma and 2 were diagnosed as low-grade pathologically. All the tumors were stage Ⅱ B. All the patients received en-bloc resection with 13 wide resection and 8 marginal resection. Thirteen patients underwent modular hemipelvic endoprosthesis reconstruction, and 5 patients underwent rod-screw system reconstruction combined with autograft. Two patients received hemipelvectomy and one type Ⅲ patients had resection without reconstruction. The mean follow-up period was 30. 3 months (range,6. 0-87. 0). Results Thirteen patients out of 21 survived after treatment The overall survival rate was 61. 9% , and 23. 8% patients were alive without disease. The estimated 5-year survival rate was 44. 2% based on Kaplan-Meier curve. The local recurrence rate was 28.6% , among which 4 cases were type Ⅱ resection, 1 was type I resection, 1 was type I + Ⅳ resection. No local relapse was found on the hemipelvectomy and type Ⅲ resection cases. The local recurrence rate after wide resection was 23. 1% ,and 37. 5% for marginal resection. Nine patients had lung metastases and one patient was found bone and lymph node metastases. The MSTS 93 function score was 20. 6±5. 4 for 13 patients,and 22. 5±2. 1 for rod-screw reconstruction cases. The function score was 17. 7±5. 5 for hemipelvic prosthetic reconstruction. Conclusion Limb salvage procedures could be performed on most pelvic osteosarcoma cases, and satisfying function outcome could be achieved with proper reconstruction,however,the overall survival is still lower compared with those in extremities.     

解剖性肝切除术在肝内胆管结石再次手术中的应用

Objective To evaluate the applicative value of anatomic hepatectomy in re-operation of intrahepatolithiasis. Methods The clinical data of 45 patients undergoing anatomic hepatectomy in re-operation for residual or recurrent stones of intrahepatolithiasis were analyzed retrospectively. Results Of the 45 patients, 24 underwent anatomic left lateral lobectomy, 10 left hemihepatectomies, 5 anatomic segment Ⅳ resections (left lateral lobes were resected), 2 right hemihepatectomies, 1 seg-ment Ⅴ and Ⅶ resection, 1 segment Ⅵ and Ⅶ resection, 1 left hemihepatectomy combined with seg-ment Ⅴ resection, 1 left lateral lobectomy with segment Ⅵ resection. Eleven patients received hepato-jejunostomies with end-side Roux-Y fashion, 34 underwent T tube drainages of common bile duct. There was no operation death, postoperative complication rate was 22.22% (10/45) and the rate of residual stone was 6.7% (3/45). Forty of 45 patients were followed up for 16-63 months (mean= 43.4±21.5 months). During follow-up, there was no stone recurrence and reoperation after anatomic hepatectomies, and 2 patients who underwent hepatoenterostomies experienced acute cholangitis, which was controlled by antibiotic therapy. Conclusion The application of anatomic hepatectomy in re-operation of intrahepatolithiasis could effectively reduce the rate of residual stone after surgery, and it is safe and feasible.     

Habib 4X双极射频在腹腔镜肝切除术中的应用

目的 本研究应用Habib 4X双极射频辅助腹腔镜切肝,以评价其减少术中出血表现及术后并发症情况.方法 回顾性分析2009年9月至2012年4月期间,我院30例Habib 4X射频辅助切肝病例的临床资料.结果 30例中,1例因术中瘤体破溃中转开腹手术,29例完成腹腔镜下手术.其中左肝外叶切除12例,左半肝切除1例,第Ⅴ段或第Ⅵ段切除8例,ⅤⅥ段联合切除2例,肝缘病灶锲型切除6例.切肝时间10~68 min,中位切肝时间22 min;出血量8~370 mL,平均(145±75) mL;术后住院时间(3~12)d,平均(7.5±2.8)d.无术后出血、胆漏或感染等并发症,肝癌病例术后未见切缘复发.结论 应用Habib4X射频辅助腹腔镜切肝,无需肝门解剖和阻断,可提高切肝速度,减少术中失血,术后恢复快,不增加术后并发症.由于射频本身的治疗作用,肿瘤性病灶切除后可增加切缘的安全性.     

双极射频Habib4X在完全腹腔镜肝切除术中的应用

目的探讨双极射频凝固电极Habib 4X在腹腔镜肝切除术中的临床应用价值。方法 2011年2月～2012年3月,应用Habib 4X完成完全腹腔镜肝切除12例,Habib 4X插入肝实质使肝组织凝固坏死以及脉管封闭后再切肝,采用边凝固边切开的方法,逐步切除病灶。结果 12例手术成功,其中7例行局部不规则肝切除,5例行肝左外叶切除,均未行肝门阻断。手术时间80～210 min,（129±39）min。出血量10～200 ml,（72±55）ml。无死亡病例。1例术后发生脐缘穿刺孔处肝圆韧带出血,急诊开腹探查止血;无肝断面出血、胆漏、腹腔脓肿、肝功能衰竭等术后并发症。术后住院时间5～14 d,平均8.5 d。术后病理病诊断：7例肝细胞癌,3例海绵状血管瘤,1例肝硬化增生结节,1例肝内胆管结石合并胆管慢性炎症。12例随访1～14个月,平均6个月：1例肝内胆管结石未见结石残留或复发;2例肝细胞癌分别术后2、8个月后出现肝内转移复发,均行TACE治疗;余9例无肿瘤复发、转移。结论 Habib 4X应用于选择病例的腹腔镜肝切除是一种安全、可行、有效的切肝方法,值得临床推广。     

258例腹腔镜肝肿瘤切除术的临床疗效

目的探讨腹腔镜肝肿瘤切除术的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2010年3月至2013年1月福建医科大学附属第一医院收治的258例行腹腔镜肝肿瘤切除术患者的临床资料,包括原发性肝癌196例、肝血管瘤45例、肝脏局灶结节性增生13例、肝转移癌2例、胆囊癌1例、肝脏错构瘤1例。所有患者采用电话和门诊随访,随访时间截至2013年3月。结果258例患者中行单个肝段肿瘤切除者142例、跨肝段肿瘤切除者98例、多发肿瘤切除者18例。51例患者行肝肿瘤合并胆囊切除。258例患者均成功在完全腹腔镜下切除肿瘤,无中转开腹。切除肿瘤直径（5±3）cm（1．0—11．5cm）,手术时间为（113±56）min（50～310min）。122例患者术中行肝门阻断,总阻断时间为（15±7）min。患者术中出血量为（211±195）mL（10—650mL）,术中均未输血。切除肿瘤包膜完整,恶性肿瘤的边界距肿瘤切缘均〉1．5cm,术后病理检查证实切缘均为阴性。术后1周患者肝功能恢复至接近正常水平,无肝衰竭发生。术后住院时间为（7．2±1．3）d（5～10d）。1例患者术后出现胆汁漏,6例出现轻度腹腔积液,其余患者均未出现术后并发症。患者随访率为91．47％（236／258）,随访时间为（16±10）个月。199例恶性肿瘤患者均获随访,其中180例无瘤生存;18例术后肿瘤复发;1例于术后6个月出现大网膜种植性转移,行手术切除。获得随访的37例良性肝肿瘤患者均健康生存。结论腹腔镜肝切除术治疗各种肝脏肿瘤安全有效。在腹腔镜下短时间分次行肝门阻断,可提高手术安全性,不会明显延长恢复时间。     

单中心腹腔镜下肝癌肝切除术457例分析

目的探讨腹腔镜肝癌肝切除术的切除方式、血流阻断技术应用及临床疗效。方法回顾性分析自2002年1月至2016年12月457例接受腹腔镜肝癌肝切除术病人的临床资料,并予以评价分析。利用软件SPSS 22.0版本进行分析。手术时间、术中出血量采用均数±标准差表示,t检验;术后并发症及其他指标采用频数及%表示,χ2检验。P0.05差异具有统计学意义。结果 15年间共行腹腔镜肝癌肝切除457例,其中解剖性肝切除术183例,切除范围:单肝段15例(8.2%),两肝段112例(61.2%)和大范围肝切除56例(30.6%)。腹腔镜下肝切除采用悬吊法有15例;单用Pringle手法167例;选择性入肝血流阻断65例,其中不解剖肝门的入肝血流阻断10例;Pringle手法联合肝下下腔静脉阻断80例。该组病例总的手术时间为(270.7±91.4)min,术中出血量为(413.2±257.5)ml,中转开腹手术41例。术后并发症发生率为27.8%,术后3个月内死亡率0.65%,术后平均住院时间(7.2±3.1)d。结论腹腔镜肝癌肝切除术在临床已经广泛开展,各类血流阻断技术安全有效的应用到术中出血的控制,并且对大范围和肝段肝切除亦切实可行。     

区域性肝血流阻断在肝切除术中的应用

目的：总结区域性肝血流阻断行盱切除的经验。方法：回顾分析46例区域性肝血流阻断行肝切除的临床疗效。左半肝切除6例,左肝外侧叶切除17例,右半肝切除4例,右肝多肝段联合切除6例,肝段或不规则肝段切除13例。区域性肝血流阻断的方式包括导尿管束扎法18例,肠钳夹压法22例,经肝后隧道绕肝带束扎提拉法6例。结果：本组病例无死亡。术中输血3例,平均出血量210mL;术后并发膈下感染1例,胆瘘2例．胸腔积液2例,切口感染3例。结论：区域性肝血流阻断下进行肝切除是一种简便、安全且有效的方法,能有效控制术中肝脏出血,减轻术后肝功能损害。     

肝门血流阻断在腹腔镜肝切除术的应用

目的探讨腹腔镜肝切除术中肝门血流阻断技术应用的技术要点及可行性。方法回顾性分析广西医科大学第一附属医院微创外科2005年5月至2011年6月期间95例行肝门血流阻断的腹腔镜肝切除术病例的临床资料。结果腹腔镜肝左外叶切除21例,左半肝切除13例,右半肝切除4例,肝段切除17例,局部性肝切除24例,血管瘤切除5例,中转开腹手术11例。39例应用间断性Pringle法行全入肝血流阻断,阻断时间为(30.84±9.51)min;56例行选择性入肝血流阻断,包括14例经Glisson鞘一并阻断肝蒂,42例打开Glisson鞘,分离并阻断鞘内动脉及门静脉。12例于断肝前阻断肝静脉,包括7例缝扎肝左静脉,4例分离肝左静脉,1例分离肝右静脉;其余病例则在断肝过程中于断面内处理肝静脉。手术时间(236.80±95.97)min,术中出血(551.55±497.41)ml,输浓缩红细胞(2.60±2.23)U,血浆(211.90±179.29)ml。术后并发症包括肝断面出血4例,胸腔积液4例,肺部感染3例,腹水7例,胆瘘2例,死亡1例。术后住院时间(12.47±4.18)d。截止2012年2月29日,72例肝癌获随访,随访时间(24.14±16.62)个月(5～81个月),1年生存率为68.4%(54/79),3年生存率为21.5%(17/79)。结论在腹腔镜肝切除术中应用肝门血流阻断技术是可行的。     

腹腔镜手术治疗肝癌128例的疗效评析

目的 探讨腹腔镜手术治疗肝癌的临床价值.方法 回顾性分析2007年3月至2009年10月第三军医大学西南医院采用腹腔镜手术治疗128例肝癌患者的临床资料.其中原发性肝癌116例,转移性肝癌12例.行腹腔镜肝切除术107例,单纯腹腔镜下RFA治疗15例,腹腔镜下门静脉右支结扎降期治疗6例.结果 107例行腹腔镜肝切除术患者中7例中转开腹手术,5例中转手助式腹腔镜肝切除术.规则性肝切除88例,包括左外叶切除21例、左半肝切除15例、超左半肝切除2例、中肝切除1例、右半肝切除11例、右后叶切除9例、单肝段切除29例;两个以上部位联合切除4例;非规则性肝切除15例.肝切除术的平均手术时间(228±92)min,术中平均出血量(393±213)ml,无手术死亡,16例术后出现并发症,术后平均住院时间(8±4)d.126例患者随访1～42个月,12例行腹腔镜肝切除术者于术后3～16个月死亡,术后平均生存时间(118±7)周,平均无瘤生存时间(105±7)周.行腹腔镜下BFA治疗的2例患者分别于术后9个月及11个月死亡;行腹腔镜下门静脉结扎的2例患者于术后行二期根治性切除.结论 腹腔镜手术治疗肝癌安全可行,具有创伤小、恢复快的优点.     

Surgical resection of hepatic hilar tumors

Hepatic hilar cancer has an extremely poor prognosis and resection for cure is a realistic possibility in only 15-20% of patients. Tumours confined strictly to the biliary confluence can often be excised locally without resorting to hepatic resection (Bismuth's type I, II). Tumours extending beyond the second order bifurcation (Bismuth's type III) require hepatic resection. In the period 1996-1998 ten patients with hilar cancer (adenocarcinoma) underwent curative resection at our Institution. There were 9 men and 1 women with a mean age of 61.7 years (range 49-76 yrs). One neoplastic lesion was Bismuth's type I, five type II, four type III. The mean preoperative bilirubin level was 20 mg% and the mean duration of jaundice was 4 weeks. Four patients had skeletonization resection of the tumour and extrahepatic bile ducts, clearing all lymphocellular and other tissue from the hepatic pedicle and coeliac axis. Bilioenteric continuity was reestablished by a Roux-en-Y jejunal loop with separate biliary duct anastomoses. Six patients required also hepatic resection to adequately remove the tumour (1 right hepatectomy, 2 right lobectomy, 2 left hepatectomy, 1 segmentectomy III). Three patients had liver metastases. One patient had involvement of the left arterial and portal branch. The postoperative staging was 2 stage II, 1 stage III, 7 stage IV. In 5 patients hepatic lymph nodes (N1) were involved. In no patient the tumour was found at the margin of resection. The median estimated blood loss for hepatic resection was 1,000 ml and for skeletonization 500 ml. Intraoperative mortality was 0%. Operative mortality was 20%. Three patients had a complicated postoperative course (1 cerebral TIA, 1 multiorgan failure, 1 ictus cerebri). All patients died. The mean postoperative survival was 7.4 months. Four patients (N1+) died of local tumour recurrence at 8, 11, 6, and 8 months. In our experience resective procedures can achieve a longer survival and a better quality of life. The operative mortality may be kept to a minimum by adequate selection of patients and technical expertise.     

Improved early results of elective hepatic resection for liver tumors. One hundred consecutive hepatectomies in cirrhotic and noncirrhotic patients

Liver resection for a neoplasm was performed in 100 patients between 1979 and 1987. There were 43 hepatocellular carcinomas (70% of them arising in patients with cirrhosis), 28 metastases from colorectal cancers, 20 benign tumors, and 9 miscellaneous tumors. Forty-nine patients had a major liver resection, 36 a segmentectomy, and 15 a nonanatomic liver resection. Great care was taken to avoid intraoperative and postoperative bleeding, including late ligation of the hepatic vein, the use of Kelly fracture and resorbable clips for hemostasis of transection planes in 74 patients, and temporary clamping of the portal pedicle in 22. Drainage of the abdomen was avoided in 21 patients to prevent ascitic leakage to decrease the postoperative hospital stay. Operative mortality was 1%. There were eight major complications, including one bile leak, one subphrenic abscess, and three subphrenic hematomas. The use of resorbable clips significantly reduced operative time and transfusion requirements. In patients with cirrhosis, temporary clamping of the hepatic pedicle significantly decreased blood loss. Avoiding drainage significantly decreased the postoperative hospital stay.     

腹腔镜肝切除术的体会(附6例临床报告)

目的 探讨腹腔镜肝切除术的适应证和可行性.方法 回顾分析5例病灶位于肝脏Ⅱ～Ⅵ段表面及边缘,1例病灶位于Ⅷ段表面的患者的临床资料.其中肝脏海绵状血管瘤4例,肝脏局灶性结节样增生2例,肝脏占位直径5～9.6 cm,平均(6.64±2.60)cm,6例肝功能Child评分均为A级.结果 6例均成功完成腹腔镜肝切除术,无中转...