一年级护生自尊、人际信任、领悟社会支持的调查分析

沟通交流作为融入社会、团结协作的前提,越来越被人们重视,因此,良好的社交技能,对于大学生的生存与发展有着极为重要的意义。进入大学后,交往的范围比以前有所扩大,大学校园生活也日渐丰富多彩,很多大学生在想与别人交往但却交往失败后,可能导致性格孤僻或少言寡语,甚至与人沟通困难,因而不敢或不愿参加校园各种社团活动,而且更多的人走不出自己狭小的空间。     

大学生功能性消化不良与抑郁症关系调查分析

随着社会的不断发展，生物医学模式逐步被生物心理医学模式取代，人们对健康的要求已不单纯满足于身体没有疾病，而是身体、心理和社会适应性三方面的完全良好状态。因此．心身疾病越来越多地受到人们的重视。作为一名高校医务工作者，自1997年以来，通过对大学生功能性消化不良与抑郁症之问的关系进行了摸索和探讨，以便为大学生功能性消化不良的预防和治疗提供参考。     

体育系大学生左心室结构和功能的研究

用CTS-16型超声波诊断仪,对60名体育系大学生和60名普通大学生,进行了M型超声心动图探测。对两组的同性别分别比较了LVD_d、LVD_s、LVPW_d、LVPW_s、IVST_d、LVM和LVMI等7项左心室结构指标,结果体育系大学生组均大于普通大学生组(P<0.01)。在所比较的7项左心室功能指标中,体育系大学生组的SV、CO和CI大于普通大学生组,HR、EF、△D%和UMO则前者小于后者。     

大学生时间管理倾向调查分析及培养策略

目的：调查大学生时间管理倾向现状,提出培养大学生时间管理能力的策略。方法采用青少年时间管理倾向量表,对大学四个年级的186名学生进行问卷测量。结果大学生时间管理倾向处于正常水平,大学生时间管理倾向在性别、年级、籍贯、独生或非独生上没有表现出显著差异。结论大学生时间管理倾向处于正常水平,但没有因为社会的发展和时间的推移而表现出进步。可以通过强化时间观念,制定计划和提高效率以及学校的辅导和训练等方式培养和提高大学生的时间管理能力和行为习惯。     

大学生身体锻炼时间、频度、强度与自尊关系探讨

采用Rosenberg自尊量表SES及自编大学生身体锻炼参与情况调查问卷,对939名本科生进行调查。结果显示:长期锻炼大学生(首选锻炼类型锻炼持续期≥12周,485人)与非长期锻炼大学生(首选锻炼类型锻炼持续期<12周,454人)比较,自尊均分、单次锻炼持续时间显著提高(P<0.01),锻炼频度、强度显著降低(P<0.05,P<0.01);锻炼类型对长期锻炼大学生的自尊主效应不显著(P>0.05),对非长期锻炼大学生的自尊主效应非常显著(P<0.01);长期锻炼大学生的自尊与强度呈显著性负相关(P<0.01),非长期锻炼大学生的自尊与单次锻炼持续时间、锻炼持续期呈显著性正相关(P<0.01);单次锻炼持续时间、锻炼持续期能有效预测非长期锻炼大学生的自尊,二者共解释自尊4.1%的方差;强度能有效预测并解释长期锻炼大学生自尊2.2%的方差。     

家庭结构对大学生心理健康的影响

目的:了解高校中具有特殊家庭结构的大学生的心理健康状况,分析特殊家庭结构对大学生心理健康的影响,为院校心理健康教育提供参考.方法:采用UPI对分校2001～2003年入学的有特殊家庭结构的大学生的心理健康状况进行抽样调查和配对分析.结果:有特殊家庭结构的大学生90.91%可能存在心理问题需要咨询和关注;其心理健康状况远比正常大学生的心理健康状况差.结论:有特殊家庭结构背景的学生,易形成孤僻、自卑、多疑、偏激等灰暗心理,是大学生中心理问题的高危人群,应引起院校心理卫生机构的高度重视.     

不同专业、不同性别大学生心理防御方式比较

目的:研究不同大学生群体心理防御方式的特点及差异,客观评价其精神卫生及心理健康水平。方法:采用防御方式问卷(DSQ),对779名在校本科大学生进行调查。其中体育专业392名,非体育专业387名。结果与结论:体育专业与非体育专业大学生的心理防御方式具有非常显著的差异(P<0.01)。非体育专业大学生表现出整体不成熟度较高的倾向;体育专业大学生使用升华方式的频度显著高于非体育专业大学生(P<0.01),体育专业大学生防御方式更具积极倾向。不同专业女性大学生的掩饰倾向显著高于男性,非体育专业大学生掩饰方式的差异较突出,而体育专业大学生表现不明显。     

运动、锌铜营养与自由基代谢——Ⅳ.运动员体内的自由基水平及其与锌铜营养状态的关系

本实验分析了国家优秀运动员及一般大学生运动员的血浆及红细胞丙二醛(MDA)含量、红细胞超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活力,并对大学生运动员的血清锌、铜水平同时进行了测定。结果提示,优秀运动员的红细胞MDA含量显著低于大学生运动员;红细胞SOD、GSH-Px活力则显著高于大学生运动员。大学生运动员的红细胞SOD活力与其红细胞锌、血浆及红细胞铜水平均呈显著正相关。     

女大学生健美操锻炼1年前后身体成分和心肺功能的变化

对持续进行1年健美操锻炼的65名女大学生锻炼前后身体成分和心肺功能进行测试分析。结果显示,长期健美操锻炼可一定程度降低女大学生体脂百分比,减轻体重,减慢安静心率、呼吸频率,降低血压,提高肺活量。提示健美操锻炼有利于保持女大学生体型健美,改善其心血管、呼吸系统功能。     

综合性大学大学生饮食行为及其影响因素分析

目的：为了研究大学生的饮食行为情况及其影响因素,对在校大学生的饮食行为进行调查并对其影响因素进行分析。方法根据整群抽样原则,抽出中文系、预防专业、护理专业、法律专业学生共11个班级449人,采用自行设计的饮食行为调查问卷,统一发放问卷,当场回收,对回收问卷核对编号,应用SPSS的多重线性回归进行统计分析。结果在所调查的449名学生中,认为吃早餐对身体健康很重要占有97.7％,有吃零食的习惯的占55.7％,喜欢和碳酸饮料的占有35.9％,喜欢吃西式快餐的占34.7％,有8.0％的学生经常吃夜宵,影响大学生饮食行为的因素有食物喜好因素、吸烟因素、食物营养观念知识因素,父母学历和月平均花费与大学生的饮食行为无相关关系。结论有相当一部分大学生饮食习惯不好,因此,应加强大学生饮食营养知识教育,促进他们的饮食健康。     

Glutamine supplementation in vitro and in vivo,in exercise and in immunodepression

In situations of stress, such as clinical trauma, starvation or prolonged, strenuous exercise, the concentration of glutamine in the blood is decreased, often substantially. In endurance athletes this decrease occurs concomitantly with relatively transient immunodepression. Glutamine is used as a fuel by some cells of the immune system. Provision of glutamine or a glutamine precursor, such as branched chain amino acids, has been seen to have a beneficial effect on gut function, on morbidity and mortality, and on some aspects of immune cell function in clinical studies. It has also been seen to decrease the self-reported incidence of illness in endurance athletes. So far, there is no firm evidence as to precisely which aspect of the immune system is affected by glutamine feeding during the transient immunodepression that occurs after prolonged, strenuous exercise. However, there is increasing evidence that neutrophils may be implicated. Other aspects of glutamine and glutamine supplementation are also addressed.     

2018年三亚雪古丽牛羊布鲁氏菌病及口蹄疫监测与风险评估

为持续性确保三亚雪古丽牛羊口蹄疫无疫及处于布鲁氏菌净化状态,雪古丽对自有及引进羊群进行了口蹄疫免疫抗体检测及病原学检测,同时对羊群进行了布鲁氏菌病抗体检测.口蹄疫免疫抗体检测应用液相阻断ELISA方法;口蹄疫病原学检测采用多重RT-PCR;布鲁氏菌病用虎红平板方法检测.检测结果:未检测到布鲁氏菌抗体阳性动物,牛羊中目前不存在口蹄疫病畜或健康带毒畜,牛羊口蹄疫免疫抗体未达到国家规定水平的应及时补免.2018年三亚雪古丽牛羊布鲁氏菌病及口蹄疫监测结果表明,雪古丽的羊场目前不存在布鲁氏菌感染情况;牛羊中仅牛O型口蹄疫群体免疫水平达到国家重大动物疫病规定标准,免疫抗体不合格动物应及时给予补免,病原学检测结果表明目前雪古丽的牛羊及引进羊未被口蹄疫病毒感染.     

糖尿病鼠血清及睾丸中一氧化氮含量和一氧化氮合酶活性的变化

目的研究1型糖尿病大鼠血清和睾丸中一氧化氮(NO)含量和一氧化氮合酶(NOS)活性的动态变化。方法63只Wistar雄性大鼠随机分为对照组(C)和糖尿病组(D)，采用四氧嘧啶腹腔注射复制糖尿病动物模型。糖尿病组分别于观察1、2、3、4、5、6、7和8周后断头处死动物，取血收集血清，取睾丸制备组织匀浆，分别测定NO含量和NOS活性。结果与对照组比较，糖尿病组血清NO含量升高，NOS活性先升后降；睾丸组织在诱模后NO含量下降，而NOS活性变化不明显，随后两者均呈升高趋势。结论糖尿病大鼠血清和睾丸NO含量和NOS和活性均有改变。     

The stability and distribution of Tc-HIDA in vivo and in vitro

Tc-HIDA is a promising new agent for imaging the biliary system. In this study radiochromatography on paper or Sephadex G25 gel has been used to measure the proportions of TcHIDA, hydrolysed Tc and pertechnetate in solutions from a comercial kit (CIS TCK 15) and in body fluids from patients and rat receiving this radiopharmaceutical. The tissue distribution in male and female rats has shown the radiopharmaceutical to be rapidly removed from the blood by the liver and then excreted via the intestines. There appears to be a sex difference in the uptake in the kidneys and in the urinary excretion in both rats and patients.     

The stability and distribution of Tc-HIDA in vivo and in vitro

Tc-HIDA is a promising new agent for imaging the biliary system. In this study radiochromatography on paper or Sephadex G25 gel has been used to measure the proportions of TcHIDA, 'hydrolysed Tc' and pertechnetate in solutions from a commercial kit (CIS TCK 15) and in body fluids from patients and rats receiving this radiopharmaceutical. The tissue distribution in male and female rats has shown the radiopharmaceutical to be rapidly removed from the blood by the liver and then excreted via the intestines. There appears to be a sex difference in the uptake in the kidneys and in the urinary excretion in both rats and patients.     

Fat oxidation in men and women endurance athletes in running and cycling

Recent studies showed that the maximal fat oxidation seems to be different in men and women and that it can be influenced by type and intensity of exercise. Nineteen endurance trained male (V.O (2)peak 61.3 +/- 4.4 ml x kg (-1) x min (-1)) and 17 female (V.O (2)peak 52.8 +/- 4.5 ml x kg (-1) x min (-1)) athletes were studied over 30 min at 55, 65 and 75 % V.O (2)peak on a treadmill and a cycling ergometer in order to find the intensity and kind of exercise with the highest absolute fat oxidation. For women, normalised (per body weight) fat oxidation was higher at 75 % V.O (2)peak than at 55 % V.O (2)peak for both running (p = 0.02) and cycling (p = 0.01). Women also oxidised a significantly higher percentage of fat with regard to total energy expenditure than men in running (p = 0.02) and cycling (p = 0.004). Normalised carbohydrate oxidation was significantly higher for men at each tested intensity (p < 0.05) and compared to kind of exercise in men (p = 0.006) and women (p = 0.002) in cycling than in running. Men and women showed a significantly higher normalised fat oxidation for running compared to cycling (p = 0.01). Cycling produced in men (p = 0.06) and women (p = 0.001) significantly more lactate than running. In summary, we found at 75 % V.O (2)peak a higher fat oxidation rate than at 65 % V.O (2)peak and 55 % V.O (2)peak for men and women in cycling and running. This is coincident with lactate threshold in men and women in cycling but not in running, where lactate threshold is higher than 75 % V.O (2)peak.     

Pneumonia epidemiology and prophylaxis in servicemen in local wars and military conflicts

The high military-and-epidemiological significance of pneumonia in servicemen during the war in Afghanistan (1979-1989) and the armed conflict in Chechnia (1995-1996) is shown and the measures for increasing the pneumonia incidence in the regions of operations are substantiated. It is established that more than 70% of pneumonia are conditioned by pneumococci that rather frequently show the pathogenic features against the background of viral (usually influenzal) respiratory infection or in association with Hemophilic bacillus, Chlamydia or Mycoplasma. The main factor leading to development of pneumonia during the period of local wars is the decreased organism resistance caused by supercooling, stresses and overwork as well as untreated acute respiratory diseases.