腹壁皮下脂肪两种测量方法的比较

目的　探讨腹壁皮下脂肪厚度两种测量方法的特点 ,并结合吸脂情况 ,比较其准确性与优、缺点。方法　采用指捏法 (卡尺法 )测量皮褶厚度及彩超法测量皮下脂肪厚度 ,并对其结果进行比较 ,以探讨更有效的测量方法。结果　通过 160例测量结果比较可以看出 ,卡尺法测量皮褶厚度与彩超法测量皮下脂肪厚度比较 ,经统计学检验 ,P <0 .0 1,有显著性差异。结论　卡尺法测量皮褶厚度与彩超法测量皮下脂肪厚度相比 ,前者准确性差 ,但简单易行 ,术前术中可比性高 ,实用性强 ;后者准确性高     

腹壁皮下脂肪两种测量方法的比较

目的：探讨腹壁皮下脂肪厚度两种测量方法的特点，并结合吸脂情况，比较其准确性与优、缺点。方法：采用指程法（卡尺法）测量皮褶厚度及彩超法测量皮下脂肪厚度，并对其结果进行比较，以探讨更有效的测量方法。结果：通过160例测量结果比较可以看出，卡尺法测量皮褶厚度与彩超法测量皮下脂肪厚度比较，经统计学检验，P＜0．01，有显著性差异。结论：卡尺法测量皮褶厚度与彩超法测量皮下脂肪厚度相比，前者准确性差，但简单易行，术前术中可双性高，实用性强，后者准确性高。     

豫南地区150名成年女性腹部皮下脂肪厚度及体积测量研究

目的 为了解成年女性腹部皮下脂肪堆积及分布情况，获得腹部脂肪厚度及体积量学指标。方法 用全身彩超测试腹部皮下脂肪厚度，在５８６计算机ＵＣＤＯＳ环境下，应用Ｆｏｘｂａｓｅ＾＋下的生物医学数据处理程度进行计算分析。结果 脐部、上腹部、下腹部皮下脂肪明显高于其它部位Ｐ〈０．０１，当以上区域皮下脂肪厚度分别超过２５ｍｍ、２４ｍｍ、１２ｍｍ时，应做为脂肪抽吸术的适应证范围。并提出了计算腹部皮下脂肪厚度及体积的方程式。结论 本测量方法，较为准确的测量出成年女性腹部皮下脂肪的厚度、体积及范围，其结果对皮下脂肪的厚度、体积及范围，其结果对皮下脂肪抽吸术适应证的选择，抽吸量的估计，抽吸范围的确定具有一定的指导意义。     

豫南地区150名成年女性腹部皮下脂肪厚度及体积测量研究

目的为了解成年女性腹部皮下脂肪堆积及分布情况,获得腹部脂肪厚度及体积量学指标.方法用全身彩超测试腹部皮下脂肪厚度,在586计算机UCDOS环境下,应用Foxbase+下的生物医学数据处理程度进行计算分析.结果脐部、上腹部、下腹部皮下脂肪明显高于其它部位P＜0.01,当以上区域皮下脂肪厚度分别超过25mm、24mm、12mm时,应做为脂肪抽吸术的适应证范围.并提出了计算腹部皮下脂肪厚度及体积的方程式.结论本测量方法,较为准确的测量出成年女性腹部皮下脂肪的厚度、体积及范围,其结果对皮下脂肪的厚度、体积及范围,其结果对皮下脂肪抽吸术适应证的选择,抽吸量的估计,抽吸范围的确定具有一定的指导意义.     

肿胀吸脂治疗皮下脂肪瘤

目的：介绍一种简单、安全、有效、创伤小、恢复快且瘢痕少的治疗皮下脂肪瘤的手术方法。方法：采用肿胀麻醉,用吸脂针在脂肪瘤中均匀细致抽吸以达到治疗目的。结果：23例患者术后皮肤无或仅轻度瘀青,术后无瘢痕,未发生感染、皮下积血积液、局部凹陷等并发症,随访1～18个月,病灶无复发,效果理想,医患双方均满意。结论：采用肿胀抽吸术治疗皮下脂肪瘤,术后切口瘢痕少,手术操作简单、安全有效、创伤小、恢复快、易掌握、医患双方均易接受,值得临床推广应用。     

肥胖患者腹部切口皮肤及皮下脂肪浅层贯穿缝合法（附162例临床分析）

目的 改进肥胖患者腹部手术切口的缝合技术。方法 以腹壁皮下脂肪厚度〉2．5cm作为肥胖的标准，将241例肥胖者随机分为观察组（162例）和对照组（79例）。观察组腹部手术切口皮肤及皮下脂肪浅层用间断贯穿缝合并放置引流条引流的缝合方法；对照组用传统的皮肤皮下脂肪分层缝合法或贯穿全层缝合法。将两组进行比较，观察其切口脂肪液化、感染、裂开的发生率和手术后切口完全愈合的时间。结果 观察组脂肪液化、感染、皮下脂肪层完全或部分裂开的发生率较对照组明显降低（P〈0．01）；切口愈合时间明显缩短（P〈0．01）。结论 在缝合肥胖者的腹部切口时，贯穿缝合皮肤及浅层皮下脂肪同时加引流条引流的方法是一种有效的预防脂肪液化的缝合方法。此方法操作方便，节省时间。     

聚焦超声破坏离体猪皮下脂肪

目的探讨聚焦超声在相同功率（200W）、不同辐照时间下对猪离体皮下脂肪的破坏作用,为聚焦超声用于减脂塑形提供剂量参考。方法将3cm×3cm×3cm大小的新鲜离体猪皮下脂肪120块分成A、B两组（n=60）。A组辐照时间为5、10、20、30、60、90s,辐照后肉眼观察靶区的形态变化,并计算每个凝固性坏死灶的体积及能效因子;B组辐照时间为30、60、90s,辐照后取靶区脂肪制成切片行光镜观察。结果在A组中,当辐照时间≥10s时,肉眼可见明显凝固性坏死区域。在B组中,施加聚焦超声后光镜下可见靶区脂肪选择性破坏,而靶区外的血管神经无损伤。结论聚焦超声能有效破坏离体猪脂肪组织,且破坏程度与辐照时间呈正相关。     

两种股骨扭转角测量方法的比较

目的通过CT法及裸骨投照测量法(以下简称“裸骨法”)测量股骨扭转角的比较,探讨CT测量扭转角的可靠性。方法分别采用CT法及裸骨法测量80个股骨标本股骨扭转角,对测定值进行统计学分析,并作左右两侧比较。结果采用CT法测量的扭转角为11.04°±8.24°(-6.1°～34.0°);裸骨法测量的扭转角为11.27°±8.01°(-5.5°～34.2°)。两者间的扭转角度相差0.23°±1.64°(-4.4°～3.4°),差异无显著性意义(P>0.05,配对样本t检验)。左右两侧对比,差异无显著性意义(P>0.05,独立样本t检验)。结论CT测量法是临床测定股骨扭转角确实可靠的方法,临床上健侧的扭转角可作为参考依据。     

腹壁纵切口两种缝合方法的比较

我院在2008年1月至2009年12月67例纵切口进腹手术中,31例不缝合脂肪层,切口外用收腹带加压,在缩短手术时间和切口愈合方面都取得良好的临床效果,现报告如下.1资料与方法1.1临床资料:67例下腹正中纵切口进腹手术病人,其中附件手术12例.子宫切除7例,剖宫产术48例.两组病人中31例为观察组,36例为对照组,两组均无腹部手术史,非瘢痕体质,术前血红蛋白纠正在90g/L以上,无出血倾向及低蛋白血症,非感染切口,术后病检除外恶性病变.两组在年龄、体重、手术指征、腹壁皮下脂肪厚度、术中出血方面差异无显著性(P＞0.05).     

Statistical comparison of two methods of clinical measurement

The comparison of two measurement techniques, neither of which can be regarded as being a 'gold standard', is fundamental to much basic research. This apparently simple problem raises many statistical difficulties, which are reviewed in this paper in the context of anorectal manometry. It is concluded that a recently developed approach focusing on the agreement between the two techniques is far superior to the more conventional approach based on correlation. However, until the benefits of the new analysis are more widely recognized (and it is hoped that this paper is a step towards that goal), it is argued that it is useful to present both analyses in such comparisons of measurement techniques.     

A comparison of two methods for continuous cardiac output measurement: PulseCO VS CCO

BACKGROUND: PulseCO (PulseCO) (PulseCO Hemodynamic Monitor, LiDCO Co., London, England) is a low invasive apparatus to measure cardiac output continuously from arterial pulse waveform. CCO (774 HF 75, Edwards Lifescience Co., California, USA) is a continuous cardiac monitor commonly used clinically. The purpose of this study is to compare the accuracy of these two methods for cardiac output measurement with the thermodilution technique (TDCO) as control. METHODS: To compare the accuracy of PulseCO with that of CCO, six patients with pulmonary-artery catheter inserted were recruited. PulseCO and CCO were measured continuously, and these CO values were compared with TDCO measurements every hour. RESULTS: Correlation with TDCO was examined in PulseCO (r=0.82) and CCO (r=0.80). CONCLUSIONS: PulseCO was low invasive, and showed a significantly better correlation with TDCO, compared with CCO.     

High-performance liquid chromatography versus immunoassay for the measurement of sirolimus: comparison of two methods

Sirolimus is an immunosuppressive agent administered as prophylaxis of acute rejection to patients after kidney transplantation. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of whole blood is an important part of immunosuppressive therapy. At present, two methods of measuring drug concentrations are available: the reference method is high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with ultraviolet (UV) or mass spectrometry (MS) detection and a second technique is the IMx sirolimus assay, which is an enzyme immunoassay using microparticles coated with anti-sirolimus antibodies (MEIA). The objective of this study was to compare the two methods. We examined a group of 42 patients receiving sirolimus after kidney transplantation. Blood was taken during routine ambulatory visits. The drug concentration in blood was performed at the same time by the two methods. To compare the methods, a statistical analysis was performed, yielding: r-value = 0.939 (r(2)); slope = 1.04; intercept = +0.38. The mean concentration of sirolimus was higher in the immunoassay than in the HPLC method namely, 9.7 +/- 6.4 ng/mL versus 8.9 +/- 5.8 ng/mL respectively. The HPLC method showed high sensitivity and specificity, but it was time consuming and labor intensive. The MEIA method is burdened with a high risk of methodologic error, due to its lack of specificity caused by cross-reactions with drug metabolites. We concluded that HPLC with its high sensitivity and analytical specificity is still the reference method; however, MEIA may be a fast method for use in clinical practice.     

ICU两种血糖控制方案的比较研究

目的比较基于动脉血糖控制方案与强化胰岛素治疗在ICU患者中的应用效果。方法将545例危重症术后患者分为对照组280例和实验组265例。对照组采用强化胰岛素治疗控制血糖;实验组采用动脉血糖为指导的血糖控制新方案。结果实验组术后入ICU 48h内血糖监测次数、胰岛素用量、血糖值、血糖4 mmol/L发生率与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05,P0.01);两组术后并发症发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论以动脉血糖为指导的血糖控制新方案较强化胰岛素治疗方案,能减少血糖监测次数和低血糖发生次数,降低胰岛素用量,在未增加并发症发生率的同时,能够将血糖控制在比较安全的范围,使患者最大获益,同时也减轻护理工作量。     

Comparison of two new methods for the measurement of lung volumes with two standard methods

BACKGROUND: The two most commonly used methods for the measurement of lung volumes are helium dilution and body plethysmography. Two methods have been developed which are both easier and less time consuming to perform. Mathematical modelling uses complex calculations from the flow-volume loop to derive total lung capacity (TLC), and the nitrogen balance technique uses nitrogen from the atmosphere to calculate lung volume in a similar way to helium dilution. This study was designed to compare the two new methods with the two standard methods. METHODS: Sixty one subjects were studied, 23 with normal lung function, 17 with restrictive airway disease, and 21 with obstructive ventilatory defects. Each subject underwent repeated measurements of TLC by each of the four methods in random order. Reproducible values were obtained for each method according to BTS/ARTP guidelines. Bland-Altman plots were constructed for comparisons between the methods and paired t tests were used to assess differences in means. RESULTS: Bland-Altman plots showed that the differences between body plethysmography and helium dilution fell into clinically acceptable ranges (agreement limits +/-0.9 l). The agreement between mathematical modelling or the nitrogen balance technique and helium dilution or body plethysmography was poor (+/-1.8-3.4 l), especially for subjects with airflow obstruction. CONCLUSIONS: Neither of the new methods agrees sufficiently with standard methods to be useful in a clinical setting.     

Cancellous bone at the knee: a comparison of two methods of strength measurement

The relation of thin-needle axial penetration tests to axial compression tests on machined specimens was examined utilizing distal femoral and proximal tibial epiphyseal cancellous bone. The penetration strength was closely related to the yield strength (r = 0.87), the ultimate strength (r = 0.86), Young's modulus (r = 0.77), the yield energy absorption (r = 0.81), and the ultimate energy absorption (r = 0.84) derived from the compression tests. Generally, femoral specimens were stronger, stiffer, and tougher than tibial specimens. Higher peak penetration strength values were obtained from the medial than from the lateral condyles. The variation of strength within compression test specimens could be expressed in terms of penetration strength; this variation differed slightly between tibial and femoral specimens, but invariably the bone deepest to the joint surface was the weakest. Accordingly, adjustments were introduced in the regression equations connecting the penetration strength to the material properties derived from the compression tests.