非对称区域折射型多焦点人工晶状体与可调节型人工晶状体的临床效果研究

目的　对比植入非对称区域折射型多焦点人工晶状体（ｍｕｌｔｉｆｏｃａｌｉｎｔｒａｏｃｕｌａｒｌｅｎｓ,ＭＩＯＬ;ＳＢＬ-３）与可调节型ＩＯＬ（ａｃ-ｃｏｍｍｏｄａｔｉｎｇＩＯＬ,ＡＩＯＬ;ＴｅｔｒａｆｌｅｘＨＤ）后的视觉质量。方法　前瞻性队列研究。选取在我院诊断为单纯性白内障,并行白内障超声乳化联合ＩＯＬ植入术的患者２６例（３８眼）为研究对象,其中植入ＳＢＬ-３ＭＩＯＬ者１８眼为ＭＩＯＬ组,植入ＴｅｔｒａｆｌｅｘＨＤＡＩＯＬ者２０眼为ＡＩＯＬ组。术后１个月、３个月分别检查患者裸眼远、近视力,最佳矫正远、近视力及远视力矫正下近视力,３个月时使用视觉质量分析系统评估患者斯特列尔比率、调制传递函数截止频率（ＭＴＦｃｕｔｏｆｆ）值及客观调节幅度。采用ＳＰＳＳ１８．０分析数据。结果　术后３个月时两组患者间裸眼远视力及最佳矫正远、近视力差异均无统计学意义（均为Ｐ＞０．０５）;ＭＩＯＬ组裸眼近视力及远视力矫正下近视力分别为（０．２４５±０．０７９）ｌｏｇＭＡＲ、（０．２７９±０．０７４）ｌｏｇＭＡＲ,均优于ＡＩＯＬ组的（０．３０３±０．０９４）ｌｏｇＭＡＲ和（０．３３９±０．０７７）ｌｏｇＭＡＲ,差异均有统计学意义（均为Ｐ＜０．０５）;术后３个月时,视觉质量分析系统测得ＭＩＯＬ组和ＡＩＯＬ组斯特列尔比率值分别为０．１９±０．２９和０．１５±０．０５,客观调节幅度分别为（２．７２±０．４９）Ｄ和（２．１９±０．４９）Ｄ,两组相比差异均有统计学意义（均为Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论　非对称区域折射型ＭＩＯＬ与ＡＩＯＬ在视觉质量方面具有差异性。     

ReSTOR SV25T0与ReSTOR SN6AD1多焦点人工晶状体植入术后临床疗效对比

目的　对比观察ＲｅＳＴＯＲＳＶ２５Ｔ０与ＲｅＳＴＯＲＳＮ６ＡＤ１多焦点人工晶状体（ｍｏｌｔｉｆｏｃａｌｉｎｔｒａｏｃｕｌａｒｌｅｎｓ,ＭＩＯＬ）植入术后的临床视觉效果。方法　行白内障超声乳化吸出联合ＭＩＯＬ植入术的白内障患者４１例（４３眼）,根据植入的ＭＩＯＬ不同分为两组:ＳＮ６ＡＤ１组２０例（２２眼）植入ＲｅＳＴＯＲＳＮ６ＡＤ１ＭＩＯＬ,ＳＶ２５Ｔ０组２１例（２１眼）植入ＲｅＳＴＯＲＳＶ２５Ｔ０ＭＩＯＬ,观察两组患者术前及术后３个月裸眼近视力、裸眼中距离视力（５０ｃｍ、７０ｃｍ）及裸眼远视力,绘制离焦曲线,并进行对比敏感度检查、视觉质量及满意度问卷调查。结果　术后３个月两组患者５ｍ裸眼远视力对比差异无统计学意义（Ｐ＞０．０５）;ＳＶ２５Ｔ０组患者５０ｃｍ及７０ｃｍ的裸眼中距离视力分别为（０．１２±０．０７）ｌｏｇＭＡＲ和（０．１７±０．０８）ｌｏｇＭＡＲ,均明显优于ＳＮ６ＡＤ１组患者的（０．１８±０．０８）ｌｏｇＭＡＲ和（０．２４±０．０９）ｌｏｇＭＡＲ（均为Ｐ＜０．０５）,而ＳＮ６ＡＤ１组患者３３ｃｍ的裸眼近距离视力为（０．１１±０．０８）ｌｏｇＭＡＲ,高于ＳＶ２５Ｔ０组患者的（０．１６±０．０８）ｌｏｇＭＡＲ（Ｐ＜０．０５）;ＳＶ２５Ｔ０组术后暗视下３．０ｃ·ｄ－１及６．０ｃ·ｄ－１空间频率的对比敏感度优于ＳＮ６ＡＤ１组,差异均有统计学意义（均为Ｐ＜０．０５）;术后问卷调查示两组患者均未出现明显视觉干扰,ＳＶ２５Ｔ０组患者在近距离视力的视近满意度较ＳＮ６ＡＤ１组低,在中距离和远距离下满意度稍高,但是两组间差异均无统计学意义（均为Ｐ＞０．０５）。结论　ＲｅＳＴＯＲＳＶ２５Ｔ０与ＳＮ６ＡＤ１ＭＩＯＬ均能改善白内障患者术后视力及对比敏感度,ＲｅＳＴＯＲＳＶ２５Ｔ０在中距离视力的表现优于ＲｅＳＴＯＲＳＮ６ＡＤ１。     

糖尿病患者PC-IOL术后并发症对视力影响的长期追踪

目的探讨糖尿病患者后房型人工晶状体（ＰＣＩＯＬ）植入术后长期并发症及其对视力的影响。方法对５０例（５８只眼）糖尿病患者行ＰＣＩＯＬ植入术后进行至少１年以上的追踪，４０例（４４只眼）非糖尿病老年性白内障患者作对照。结果最终视力两组间无统计学差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）。短期并发症糖尿病组明显高于非糖尿病组（Ｐ＜０．０５）。长期并发症两组差异不明显（Ｐ＞０．０５）。结论糖尿病患者植入ＰＣＩＯＬ，早期并发症的发生率高于非糖尿病患者，晚期并发症及最终视力两组无差异。     

LASIK术后白内障患者应用不同公式计算的人工晶状体植入后效果分析

目的　评估ＬＡＳＩＫ术后白内障患者应用ＳＲＫ-Ｔ公式、ＨＯＦＦＥＲ-Ｑ修正公式和Ｈａｉｇｉｓ-Ｌ修正公式进行白内障超声乳化＋人工晶状体（ｉｎｔｒａｏｃｕｌａｒｌｅｎｓ,ＩＯＬ）植入术后的临床效果。方法　收集从２０１１年１月至２０１５年２月行白内障超声乳化＋ＩＯＬ植入术且既往有ＬＡＳＩＫ术史的患者１３例（２１眼）。根据不同ＩＯＬ计算公式分为３组,分别为ＳＲＫ-Ｔ公式（６眼）、ＨＯＦＦＥＲ-Ｑ修正公式（５眼）和Ｈａｉｇｉｓ-Ｌ修正公式（１０眼）。所有患者在白内障术前术后均进行常规检查,均由同一手术医师进行透明角膜切口超声乳化＋ＩＯＬ植入术。术后随访６个月,使用配对ｔ检验比较手术前后裸眼视力、最佳矫正视力、等效球镜、眼压、角膜内皮细胞密度的变化,对不同公式计算的术后等效球镜和术后等效球镜与目标屈光度之间的差值进行方差分析。结果　术后等效球镜和术后等效球镜与目标屈光度之间的差值,在±０．２５Ｄ内分别为５眼（２３．８１％）和１眼（４．７６％）,在±０．５Ｄ内均为６眼（２８．５７％）,在±１．０Ｄ分别为１０眼（４７．６２％）、１１眼（５２．３８％）。与术前相比,术后６个月时裸眼视力、最佳矫正视力明显提高（均为Ｐ＜０．００１）,等效球镜偏差度数显著减小（Ｐ＜０．００１）。应用ＳＲＫ-Ｔ公式、ＨＯＦＦＥＲ-Ｑ修正公式和Ｈａｉｇｉｓ-Ｌ修正公式后,术后等效球镜误差在±１．０Ｄ内的分别为６７％、８０％、３０％;而术后等效球镜与目标屈光度之间的差值,误差在±１．０Ｄ内的分别为５０％、６０％、５０％。术后等效球镜和术后等效球镜与目标屈光度之间差值采用Ｈａｉｇｉｓ-Ｌ修正公式和ＨＯＦＦＥＲ-Ｑ修正公式组间差异有统计学意义（Ｐ＜０．００１、Ｐ＝０．００１）、Ｈａｉｇｉｓ-Ｌ修正公式和ＳＲＫ-Ｔ公式组间差异有统计学意义（Ｐ＜０．００１、Ｐ＜０．００１）。结论　ＬＡＳＩＫ术后白内障患者在进行白内障超声乳化＋ＩＯＬ植入术后,ＨＯＦＦＥＲ-Ｑ修正公式计算的ＩＯＬ度数误差相对较小。     

糖尿病患者白内障摘出术式探讨

１９９０年６月～１９９１年１２月间糖尿病患者白内障７０例７５只眼随机分三组，白内障冷冻摘出组１５例１５只眼，现代囊外摘出组（ＥＣＣＥ组），１８例２１只眼，囊外摘出联合后房型人工晶体植入组（ＥＣＣＥ＋ＰＣ－ＩＯＬ组）３７例３９只眼，三组术后视力≥０．５分别占为８０％，８５．７％，８７％，Ｐ≥０．０５。现代囊外摘出组和囊外摘出联合人工晶体植入组眼前节炎症反应明显高于冷冻组，Ｐ〈０．０５，冷冻组黄斑囊样     

频域OCT观察两种类型视网膜脱离术后黄斑中心凹结构变化

目的　利用频域光学相干断层扫描（ｏｐｔｉｃａｌｃｏｈｅｒｅｎｃｅｔｏｍｏｇｒａｐｈｙ,ＯＣＴ）观察单纯视网膜脱离（ｒｈｅｇｍａｔｏｇｅｎｏｕｓｒｅｔｉｎａｌｄｅｔａｃｈｍｅｎｔ,ＲＲＤ）和视网膜脱离合并脉络膜脱离（ｒｈｅｇｍａｔｏｇｅｎｏｕｓｒｅｔｉｎａｌｄｅｔａｃｈｍｅｎｔａｓｓｏｃｉａｔｅｄｗｉｔｈｃｈｏｒｏｉｄａｌｄｅｔａｃｈｍｅｎｔ,ＲＲＤＣＤ）术后黄斑中心凹结构的变化,并分析中心凹结构与术后最佳矫正视力的相关性。方法　７７例（７７眼）视网膜脱离患者纳入研究,其中ＲＲＤ组４４例（４４眼）,ＲＲＤＣＤ组３３例（３３眼）,所有患者均接受玻璃体切割联合硅油填充复位视网膜,利用频域ＯＣＴ观察术后黄斑区光感受器内／外节（ｐｈｏｔｏｒｅｃｅｐｔｏｒｉｎｎｅｒａｎｄｏｕｔｅｒｓｅｇｍｅｎｔ,ＩＳ／ＯＳ）连接带及外界膜（ｅｘｔｅｒｎａｌｌｉｍｉｔｉｎｇｍｅｍｂｒａｎｅ,ＥＬＭ）的形态、视网膜中心凹厚度,分析两组间中心凹形态变化差异,并分析ＩＳ／ＯＳ连接带与ＥＬＭ形态以及视网膜中心凹厚度与术后最佳矫正视力的相关性。结果　两组间的ＩＳ／ＯＳ连接带形态差异有统计学意义（χ２＝６．８８８,Ｐ＝０．０３２）,ＲＲＤＣＤ组ＩＳ／ＯＳ连接带的形态消失率明显高于ＲＲＤ组;两组间ＥＬＭ形态差异无统计学意义（χ２＝３．５９７,Ｐ＝０．１６６）,两组的ＩＳ／ＯＳ连接带及ＥＬＭ形态的完整性均与术后最佳矫正视力有相关性（ＲＲＤ组:ｒ＝０．６４９、Ｐ＜０．０５,ｒ＝０．４６６、Ｐ＜０．０５;ＲＲＤＣＤ组ｒ＝０．４８０、Ｐ＜０．０５,ｒ＝０．４４２、Ｐ＝０．０１０）。结论　频域ＯＣＴ是一种评价视网膜脱离复位术后黄斑微结构改变的有效手段。ＲＲＤＣＤ的ＩＳ／ＯＳ连接带消失率明显高于ＲＲＤ,这也是提示术后视力较差的原因之一,ＩＳ／ＯＳ连接带及ＥＬＭ形态的完整性可能是预测视网膜脱离复位术后视力恢复的重要因素。     

三种非球面人工晶状体在高度近视眼囊袋内偏中心和倾斜的比较

目的　高度近视眼患者囊袋内植入３种不同的一片式非球面人工晶状体（ｉｎｔｒａｏｃｕｌａｒｌｅｎｓ,ＩＯＬ）,分析术后ＩＯＬ偏中心和倾斜等位置改变的差异及可能的影响因素。方法　将行白内障超声乳化的高度近视患者分为３组:其中ＩＱ组植入疏水丙烯酸酯ＩＯＬ（ＳＮ６０ＷＦＩＱ,Ａｌｃｏｎ）３６眼;ＨＤ组植入亲水丙烯酸酯ＩＯＬ（ＳｏｆｔｅｃＨＤ,Ｌｅｎｓｔｅｃ）４０眼;ＭＣＸ组植入亲水丙烯酸酯ＩＯＬ（ＭＣＸ１１ＡＳＰ,Ｈｕｍａｎｏｐｔｉｃｓ）３２眼,所有患者无术中、术后并发症。记录术后１个月、３个月的裸眼视力（ｕｎｃｏｒｒｅｃｔｅｄｖｉｓｕａｌａｃｕｉｔｙ,ＵＣＶＡ）与最佳矫正视力（ｂｅｓｔｃｏｒｒｅｃｔｅｄｖｉｓｕａｌａｃｕｉｔｙ,ＢＣＶＡ）,ＩＯＬ倾斜和编中心值。取随访时测量的ＩＯＬ偏中心和倾斜的最大值作为最后结果。用Ｐｅｎｔａｃａｍ三维测量系统采集术后眼前节图像,用Ｉｍａｇｅ-ｐｒｏｐｌｕｓ６．０系统测量分析得出ＩＯＬ的偏中心量和倾斜度,比较各组间差异。结果　各组间术后１个月及３个月时的ＵＣＶＡ和ＢＣＶＡ相比,差异均无统计学意义（均为Ｐ＞０．０５）。术后１个月,ＩＱ组、ＨＤ组与ＭＣＸ组的偏中心值分别为（５９１．４９±１７７．０８）μｍ、（６１９．３６±１８９．７０）μｍ和（４８３．５９±１４１．９１）μｍ,３组比较差异有统计学意义（Ｆ＝１．４２１,Ｐ＝０．０４６）。组间两两比较:ＩＱ组与ＨＤ组间差异无统计学意义（ｔ＝１．０９２,Ｐ＝０．０８９）;ＩＱ组与ＭＣＸ组、ＨＤ组与ＭＣＸ组之间差异有统计学意义（ｔ＝３．０８７、３．２７６,Ｐ＝０．０３７、０．０３１,均为Ｐ＜０．０５）;术后３个月时３组的偏中心值分别为（６０６．３５±１６７．９４）μｍ、（６２１．９４±１９６．３３）μｍ和（４９７．３３±１３４．７１）μｍ,３组比较差异有统计学意义（Ｆ＝１．４９９,Ｐ＝０．０３９）。组间两两比较,ＩＱ组与ＨＤ组间差异无统计学意义（ｔ＝１．１４９,Ｐ＝０．０７４）;ＩＱ组与ＭＣＸ组、ＨＤ组与ＭＣＸ组之间差异有统计学意义（ｔ＝３．００３、３．１１７,Ｐ＝０．０４１、０．０３９）。术后１个月时,３组的倾斜度分别为（２．５１±１．０４）°、（２．７０±１．４１）°、（２．２７±０．９６）°;术后３个月时３组的倾斜度分别为（２．６６±１．３９）°、（２．４６±１．８３）°、（２．３１±１．０６）°,各组内及组间比较差异均无统计学意义（均为Ｐ＞０．０５）。结论　对于高度近视眼,多襻支撑的大光学面ＩＯＬ在囊袋内的居中稳定性优于双襻支撑的ＩＯＬ,但在倾斜度的变化上无明显差异。高度近视眼中ＩＯＬ囊袋内位置的改变受多种因素影响,建议高度近视患者术前测量白对白（ｗｈｉｔｅ-ｔｏ-ｗｈｉｔｅ）,挑选个体化的ＩＯＬ。     

儿童人工晶体植入手术的探讨

报告５３例６０眼２～１２岁儿童白内障摘出，人工晶体（ＩＯＬ）植入的手术结果。先天性白内障２３例２９眼，外伤性白内障３０例３１眼。Ⅰ期植入４２例４７眼，Ⅱ期植入１１例１３眼。术中前房发生纤维素性渗出反应占２１．７％，术后前房发生从絮状到膜性程度不等的纤维素性渗出占５３．３％。外伤性白内障较先天性白内障的反应重（Ｐ＜０．０５）。术后虹膜后粘连占３３．３％，瞳孔发生明显变形占１８．３％，瞳孔上移占１３．６％，瞳孔膜形成占６．７％，后囊膜混浊占３３．９％，人工晶体瞳孔夹持占６．７％，１例发生眼球萎缩。术后矫正视力≥０．５者占２５％，视力在０．１～０．４者占４５％，视力＜０．１者占１８．３％。伴有眼球震颤和斜视的患者术后视力在０．１～０．３以下。影响术后视力恢复的因素有：发生白内障的年龄，视觉刺激阻断持续时间，外伤性视网膜震荡，渗出性视网膜病变和角膜白斑等。我们认为，儿童ＩＯＬ植入尚需慎重。儿童ＩＯＬ植入的安全年龄，如何减轻术中和术后炎症反应和术后远期对眼球发育的影响均有待于今后进一步探讨。     

飞秒激光小切口透镜切除术与飞秒LASIK术后角膜后表面高度变化

目的　应用Ｏｒｂｓｃａｎ-Ⅱ眼前节分析系统探讨飞秒激光辅助的准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术（ｆｅｍｔｏｓｅｃｏｎｄｌａｓｅｒｉｎｓｉｔｕｋｅｒ-ａｔｏｍｉｌｅｕｓｉｓ,Ｆｓ-ＬＡＳＩＫ）和飞秒激光小切口透镜切除术（ｓｍａｌｌｉｎｃｉｓｉｏｎｌｅｎｔｉｃｕｌｅｅｘｔｒａｃｔｉｏｎ,ＳＭＩＬＥ）术后角膜后表面高度的变化。方法　前瞻性随机对照研究。选择２０１４年５月至１１月于我院行激光角膜屈光手术的近视患者（等效球镜度数≤ －６．００Ｄ）６０例（１１９眼）,随机分成Ａ、Ｂ两组,每组３０例（Ａ组５９眼,Ｂ组６０眼）。Ａ组施行ＳＭＩＬＥ,Ｂ组施行Ｆｓ-ＬＡＳＩＫ,观察术后视力、屈光度等的变化。采用Ｏｒｂｓｃａｎ-Ⅱ眼前节分析仪,分别于术前、术后１个月对术眼进行眼前节图像采集,记录角膜后表面Ｄｉｆｆ值变化并进行对比。结果　术后１个月两组患者裸眼视力均比术前提高,但两组间相比差异无统计学意义（Ｐ＞０．０５）。术前最佳矫正视力与术后１个月相比差异均无统计学意义（均为Ｐ＞０．０５）,术后最佳矫正视力两组间相比差异亦无统计学意义（Ｐ＞０．０５）。术前及术后１个月Ａ、Ｂ两组屈光度相比差异均无统计学意义（均为Ｐ＞０．０５）。两组后表面Ｄｉｆｆ值均较术前显著增加,其中Ａ组术前、术后分别为（０．０２７±０．００１）ｍｍ和（０．０５９±０．００１）ｍｍ（Ｐ＜０．０５）;Ｂ组术前、术后分别为（０．０２９±０．００１）ｍｍ和（０．０５４±０．００２）ｍｍ（Ｐ＜０．０５）,但Ａ、Ｂ两组术后角膜后表面Ｄｉｆｆ值增加量相比差异无统计学意义（Ｐ＞０．０５）。结论　ＳＭＩＬＥ和Ｆｓ-ＬＡＳＩＫ矫正近视均安全有效,术后１个月角膜后表面高度均部分前移,其远期变化有待进一步探索。     

IOL MASTER测量低信噪比的高度近视眼人工晶状体度数的精确性分析

目的　比较Ａ超与光学相干生物测量仪（ＩＯＬＭＡＳＴＥＲ）测量低信噪比（ｓｉｇｎａｌｔｏｎｏｉｓｅｒａｔｉｏ,ＳＮＲ）高度近视眼人工晶状体（ｉｎｔｒａｏｃｕｌａｒｌｅｎｓ,ＩＯＬ）度数的精确性。方法　对２０１５年３月至２０１６年２月间在我院行白内障超声乳化联合ＩＯＬ植入手术并且眼轴长度大于２６ｍｍ的高度近视患者５７例（６９眼）进行回顾性研究。ＳＮＲ≤２组１１眼、ＳＮＲ＞２～５组２３眼、ＳＮＲ＞５～１０组２０眼,无法用ＩＯＬＭＡＳＴＥＲ检出的病例设为Ａ超测量组１５眼。分别用ＩＯＬＭＡＳＴＥＲ或接触式Ａ超测算度数,计算公式采用ＨＯＬＬＡＤＡＹ-１公式,并按各自方法植入同一类型ＩＯＬ,术后３个月分别计算各组的平均绝对屈光误差值。结果　ＳＮＲ＞５～１０组、ＳＮＲ＞２～５组、ＳＮＲ≤２组、Ａ超测量组的绝对屈光误差值分别为（０．４４±０．１８）Ｄ、（０．４６±０．２６）Ｄ、（０．６９±０．２２）Ｄ、（０．８１±０．２９）Ｄ,其中ＳＮＲ＞２～５组及ＳＮＲ＞５～１０组分别与其他２组比较,差异均有统计学意义（均为Ｐ＜０．０５）,而ＳＮＲ＞２～５组与ＳＮＲ＞５～１０组以及ＳＮＲ≤２组与Ａ超测量组之间差异均无统计学意义（均为Ｐ＞０．０５）。结论对于低ＳＮＲ的高度近视眼患者,采用ＩＯＬＭＡＳＴＥＲ测算ＩＯＬ度数比传统Ａ超方式具有更高的精确性。     

Heparin-surface-modified intraocular lenses in pediatric cataract surgery: prospective randomized study.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the performance of heparin-surface-modified (HSM) intraocular lenses (IOLs) in pediatric eyes after cataract surgery. SETTING: L.V. Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India. METHODS: This prospective, randomized, double-masked, controlled clinical trial comprised 90 children aged 2 to 14 years with cataract. The patients were consecutively randomized to receive an HSM (Group 1) or an unmodified (Group 2) poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) IOL. Extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) with IOL implantation was performed in children 8 years and older and ECCE with primary posterior capsulotomy, anterior vitrectomy, and IOL implantation in children younger than 8 years. Outcome parameters were inflammatory cell deposits on the IOL surface, posterior synechias, and anterior chamber reaction. RESULTS: Follow-up data were available for 73, 70, 60, and 68 patients at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months, respectively. Significantly fewer cell deposits were noted in Group 1 at 1, 3, and 6 months (P < .001). Synechia formation and anterior chamber reaction were comparable in the 2 groups. CONCLUSION: The lower incidence of inflammatory cell deposit formation in eyes with HSM PMMA IOLs indicates that these IOLs have greater bicompatibility than unmodified IOLs in pediatric cataract surgery.     

葡萄膜炎并发白内障术中植入肝素修饰人工晶状体

目的评价葡萄膜炎并发白内障术中植入肝素表面修饰的PMMA人工晶状体的效果。方法98例（146眼）葡萄膜炎并发白内障行超声乳化吸出术,术中分别植入肝素修饰的PMMA人工晶状体56例（98眼）（肝素组）和未修饰PMMA人工晶状体42例（48眼）（对照组）。对两组术后视力、眼前段反应、后囊浑浊情况进行回顾性对比分析。结果矫正视力≥0．5者,肝素组86眼（87．76％）,对照组27眼（56．25％）,（P〈0．05）。眼前段反应：人工晶状体表面纤维素样渗出、房水细胞,均在术后1周时差异最显著（P〈0．05）,虹膜后粘连在6个月后两组差异最显著（P〈0．05）。后囊浑浊发生率6个月后对照组明显高于肝素组,分别为54．17％和12。24％（P〈0．05）。结论葡萄膜炎并发白内障术中植入肝素修饰人工晶状体能显著减轻术后眼前段的炎症反应,降低后囊浑浊的发生率。     

Inflammation after phacoemulsification in diabetic retinopathy. Foldable acrylic versus heparin-surface-modified poly(methyl methacrylate) intraocular lenses

PURPOSE: To evaluate inflammation after cataract surgery in patients with nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) and compare results with 2 intraocular lenses (IOLs): a foldable hydrophobic acrylic and a heparin-surface-modified (HSM) poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). SETTING: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. METHODS: Patients with NPDR were randomized for implantation of an HSM PMMA IOL (811C, Pharmacia) through a 6.0 mm sclerocorneal incision (30 patients) or a foldable hydrophobic acrylic IOL (AcrySof, Alcon) through a 4.0 mm sclerocorneal incision (32 patients). Both IOLs had 6.0 mm optics. All patients were treated according to a standardized protocol. The degree of flare in the anterior chamber was measured with the Kowa 1000 laser flare-cell meter 1 day preoperatively and 1 day, 1 week, and 1 and 3 months postoperatively. RESULTS: In both IOL groups, flare was highest on the first postoperative day and decreased to preoperative levels by 3 months after surgery. There was no statistically significant difference in relative flare values between the 2 groups. CONCLUSION: There was no difference in postoperative inflammation in eyes with a foldable hydrophobic acrylic IOL implanted through a small incision and those with a rigid HSM PMMA IOL. Postoperative inflammation results indicate that the lenses are equally suitable for the use in patients with diabetic retinopathy.     

非球面人工晶状体术后视功能评估

目的 评估植入人工晶状体前表面非球面修饰的TecnisZ9003(AMO)术后视功能是否优于传统的球面人工晶状体(Acrosof Natural,Alcon).方法 随机选择8例白内障手术患者,1只眼植入Z9003 IOL,另眼植入Acrysof Natural SN6OATIOL.术后1周和1月,行对比敏感度检查、眩光检查和像差仪检查,分别评价术后视功能.结果 两组间平均术前和术后球镜、柱镜度及最佳矫正视力无统计学意义.对比敏感度(明亮光下)术后1周没有明显不同,术后1月植入TecnisZ9003 IOL眼在所有空间分辨率下均优于对侧眼,尤其在3,6cpd下差异有统计学意义.眩光检查两组间没有差别.像差仪检查显示术后1周、1月植入TecnisZ9003IOL眼的球差明显小于对侧眼.结论 临床结果证实白内障术后的球差可以通过植入非球面修饰的人工晶状体所消除.这样可以明显提高对比敏感度和功能视力.     

2.8 mm切口超声乳化白内障吸除术的临床观察

探讨２．８ｍｍ透明角膜切口超声乳化白内障吸附折叠式人工晶状植入手术效果。方法对１０５例（１２６只眼）行上述手术患者的术后视力、屈光状态、角膜状态,前房反应、角膜内皮细胞损失率进行回顾性总结。结果术后１ｄ、３ｄ、１周、２或３个月裸眼视力在０．５以上的眼数分别为１０２只眼（８１．０％）,１０８只眼（８５．７％）、１１２只眼（８８．９％）及１１２只眼（８８．９％）;术后３ｄ、１周、１个月、３个月平均散光     

硅油取出前后联合超声乳化白内障摘除术的临床分析

目的:对硅油填充眼硅油取出前后联合超声乳化白内障摘除手术的临床分析。 方法:玻璃体切割术后硅油填充眼并发白内障患者36例36眼,随机分为两组,一组硅油取出前行超声乳化白内障摘除术, 二组在硅油取出后联合超声乳化白内障摘除术。观察两组患者术中、术后并发症、术后前房反应、眼压、角膜内皮情况等。 结果:两组患者硅油均取出顺利,超声乳化白内障摘除植入人工晶状体,术中术后并发症对症处理。两种联合手术后角膜内皮细胞密度及六角形细胞比例下降,术后1wk六角形细胞比例、术后1mo细胞数量及形态均有显著差异（P<0.05）。 结论:硅油取出前联合超声乳化白内摘除术有相对轻的术后反应,术中并发症及更小的角膜内皮损伤。     

肝素表面修饰的亲水性丙烯酸酯人工晶状体在超声乳化联合小梁切除术中的应用

目的比较肝素表面修饰的亲水性丙烯酸酯人工晶状体和非肝素表面修饰的亲水性丙烯酸酯人工晶状体在晶状体超声乳化及人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除手术后的前房炎症反应。方法29例(29眼)施行晶状体超声乳化及后房型人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除手术者分为A组和B组:A组(15例)植入非肝素表面修饰的亲水性丙烯酸酯人工晶状体,B组(14例)植入肝素表面修饰的亲水性丙烯酸酯人工晶状体。于术后1d、7d、1月及3月随访观察。结果术后1d两组的房水闪光值和细胞计数均显著上升,术后7d下降明显,其后逐渐下降,术后3个月基本恢复至术前水平。两组间房水闪光值和细胞计数在术后1d和第7d差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而术后第1月、3月两组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后3个月,两组间最佳矫正视力及眼压的差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论肝素表面修饰的亲水性丙烯酸酯人工晶状体可改善人工晶状体的生物相容性,较非肝素表面修饰者更能减轻术后炎症反应,尤其有利于白内障联合青光眼术后早期阶段的视力康复。     

Capsular block syndrome after implantation of an accommodating intraocular lens

A patient presented with capsular block syndrome (CBS) 1 month after cataract surgery. An unexpected postoperative myopia linked to shallowing of the anterior chamber was evident. The 1540 microm IOL shift was sufficient to give useful spectacle-free near vision. A neodymium:YAG laser peripheral anterior capsulotomy enabled the intracapsular liquid to flow into the anterior chamber, allowing normal placement of a 1CU IOL (HumanOptics AG) but revealing the limited accommodative ability of the IOL to cover the dioptric range from reading distance to infinity. The visual outcome of the patient is in accord with that in other studies of the effective of IOL shifting.     

Exfoliation syndrome and heparin surface modified intraocular lenses.

Either heparin surface modified (HSM) or regular polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) intraocular lenses (IOLs) were implanted after extracapsular cataract extraction in 40 human eyes with exfoliation syndrome in a double-masked, randomized study. The patients were investigated preoperatively, and then 1 day, 1 week, 3, 6 and 12 months postoperatively. In eyes implanted with the HSM IOL, 26% had a fibrinoid reaction anterior to the IOL, while this complication was found in 50% of eyes implanted with the regular IOL. Pigment and cell deposits were more frequent on the regular IOLs than on the HSM lenses postoperatively. Posterior synechia formation between the iris and the implant or lens capsule was more common in the eyes with regular IOL compared to HSM IOL. No difference in visual acuity between the two groups was found either before or after surgery. The results suggest that in eyes with exfoliation syndrome, a heparin surface modified IOL reduces clinical complications associated with cataract surgery.     

Effect of heparin-surface-modified intraocular lenses on postoperative inflammation after phacoemulsification: a randomized trial in a United States patient population. Heparin-Surface-Modified Lens Study Group

OBJECTIVE: To compare postoperative inflammation occurring with heparin-surface-modified (HSM) versus non-HSM polymethyl methacrylate intraocular lenses (IOLs) after phacoemulsification. DESIGN: Randomized, double-masked, multicenter, parallel trial. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 367 patients, consisting of routine (n = 220), glaucoma (n = 58), and diabetes (n = 89) patients, from eight US medical centers. METHODS: Patients were observed for 1 year after phacoemulsification and lens implantation (week 1, months 1, 3, 6, 12). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Primary measures of postoperative inflammation defined as the presence of giant cells on the lens surface via specular micrography and cellular deposits via slit-lamp examination. RESULTS: The cross-sectional analyses showed that consistently fewer routine patients with HSM lens implants had giant cells on the IOL than those with non-HSM lens implants across all follow-up visits. The statistical significance (P < 0.05) was observed at all visits except month 12 for routine patients. The diabetes patients also demonstrated the same giant cell difference, and the statistical significance was observed at all visits including month 12. A similar trend was also observed in the glaucoma patients, with statistical significance only at the 3-month visit. For cell deposits, significant differences in favor of the HSM lens (P < 0.05) were observed at 3 months among routine and diabetes patients, and at 3 and 6 months among glaucoma patients. A longitudinal data analysis using the generalized estimating equation approach indicated statistically significant treatment effect of HSM lenses in reducing inflammation in all patients except for cellular deposits in diabetes patients. In all patient groups, sight-threatening complications were not reported either more frequently or with more severity than normally expected for patients who have undergone cataract extraction and IOL implantation. CONCLUSIONS: The present study, the only one to have used phacoemulsification in virtually all patients (211/220 [96%] routine, 57/58 [98%] glaucoma, and 84/89 [94%] diabetes) is the largest to evaluate and compare concurrently routine, glaucoma, and diabetes patients. It is also the first US patient population study to document that heparin surface modification reduces postoperative inflammatory responses, as measured by specular micrography and slit-lamp examination, especially in the early postoperative period.