Textual and herbal studies on shashen and qini (Adenophora spp.)

This paper reports the origins of the Chinese traditional drugs nanshashen and beishashen, as well as the original plants of shashen, xingyeshashen, xiyeshasen and qini recorded in the bencaological works of the past dynasties. Our study shows that shashen is Adenophora stricta, both xingyeshashen and qini are A. hunanensis and xiyeshashen is A. paniculata.     

Textual study of Chinese drug loulu]

Through a critical study of Loulu in ancient Chinese herbals, it is concluded that the botanical origin of Loulu should be Qizhou Loulu, the dried root of Rhaponticum uniflorum of family Compositae, while the dried root of Echinops latifolius, which is also one of the species specified in Chinese Pharmacopoeia, should not be used as Loulu because of its deficiency of herbal evidences and totally different chemical constituents from those of the former. It is therefore recommended the latter plant be deleted from the Chinese Pharmacopoeia.     

中药复方药代动力学常用研究方法概况

研究中药复方药代动力学(ＰｈａｒｍａｃｏｋｉｎｅｔｉｃｓｏｆＣｈｉｎｅｓｅＨｅｒｂａｌＣｏｍｂｉｎａｔｉｏｎｓ,ＰＣＨＣ)的规律,对于促进中药复方临床药学研究的开展,指导临床合理用药,保证中药复方的内在质量,以及进行新药开发设计,更好发挥中医方剂的疗效,都具有重要意义。而中药复方由多味药组成,每味药又含有一种或一种以上的有效成分,因而非常复杂,为药代动力学(简称药动学)的研究带来了困难。尽管如此,随着临床药学在我国日益得到重视,中药药动学研究逐渐开展,对复方药动学的研究也逐渐被人们所重视。但是采用何种方法来研究…     

中药材贯众原植物的考证

作者通过对古籍文献中记载的中药材贯众的形态特征、分布及生境等描述的考证,认为紫萁是中药材贯众的原植物,同时分析了古籍中对贯众的毒性、花果、附图、毛被和鳞片等不符合紫萁特征的描述的原因,并分析了出现其他几个主要药源植物的原因。建议将紫萁Osmunda japonica列为中药材贯众唯一的药源植物,与其他市场上常见的药源植物加以区分,对药性较好的绵马贯众和狗脊蕨单独开展药效和活性成分的研究。     

阿片成瘾的治疗及戒毒中药的研究进展

毒品滥用是全球最严重的社会问题之一。目前全世界大约有1．85亿吸毒者，其中大麻滥用者1．5亿人，安非他明类物质滥用者3800万人，阿片成瘾者1500万人（其中海洛因成瘾者920万人），可卡因滥用者1300万人。阿片类物质滥用者虽然数量上在所用毒品滥用中不是最大，但在全球的分布却最广，几乎涵盖了整个亚欧大陆以及大洋洲，并在世界其他地方均有分布，因此可以认为是影响面积最广泛的毒品。     

荜茇的本草考证

目的：考究荜茇的用药历史,确定正品,排除伪品。方法：考查古今文献记载,综合分析。结果：古今本草所载荜茇不尽相同。结论：荜茇正品来源于胡椒科植物荜茇Piper longum L.的干燥近成熟或成熟果穗,同属他种植物果穗为混伪品。     

鬼臼类中药及其木脂素类成分的药效学研究

目的：研究小叶莲、桃儿七、秕鳞八角莲提取物及鬼臼类中药主要成分鬼臼毒素、去氧鬼臼毒素的抗肿瘤作用。方法：以移植性肝癌及艾氏腹水癌小鼠为实验动物,ig给予上述样品,分别观察各样品的抗肿瘤作用。结果桃儿七、秕鳞八角莲提取物具有较强的抗肿瘤活性。结论：5种样品均有抗肿瘤活性。     

MEDLINE-based assessment of animal studies on Chinese herbal medicine

Ethno-pharmacological relevance

The scientific proof and clinical validation of Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) require a rigorous approach that includes chemical standardization, biological assays, animal studies and clinical trials.

Aim of the study

To assess the experimental design of animal studies on the activity of CHM by selection and scrutinizing of a series of papers in some major disease areas.

Materials and methods

We have analyzed the English publications reported in MEDLINE (ISI web of knowledge).

Results

Our data showed that (i) research of CHM during the last 10 years had been highly intensified and become more accessible worldwide through increased publications in English, although still most authors had Chinese names; (ii) English journals publishing animal research of CHM were comparable to those publishing animal studies of non-Chinese phytotherapy in terms of impact factor; and (iii) published data on authentication and quality control of CHM, as well as research design of animal studies were far from sufficient to meet the criteria needed to support their reproducibility and reliability.

Conclusions and perspectives

The recent decade witnessed an increase in CHM research activities and CHM English publications. Based on common problems identified in publications on CHM animal studies, we have proposed a checklist that could help in preliminary selection of publications lacking the most common problems and thus would be useful for a quick search of reproducible CHM regimens that are likely to be effective in a given context. The second application of this checklist is to help avoid the most common problems when designing experiments.     

2010年门诊中药饮片处方不合理用药状况分析

目的：调查医院门诊中药饮片处方用药状况,找出处方用药的规律及存在的问题并对其进行分析,针对存在的问题采取相应的干预措施,促进中医11名床合理用药。方法：从2010年门诊中药饮片处方中随机抽取1032张,依据2010版《中国药典》、国家中医药管理局《中药处方格式及书写规范》、《四川省中药饮片处方开具规定》,采用列表分析的方法,找出处方用药的规律及存在的问题并对其进行分析。结果：该院中药饮片处方用药基本合理,但存在中药饮片处方临床诊断不规范、有毒中药饮片使用掌握不严、用药味数偏多、剂量偏大、煎服方法错误等状况。结论：该院门诊中药饮片处方存在一定的不合理用药现象,药师应真正肩负起认真审查核对处方的职责,为促进合理用药发挥应有的作用。     

中药滴丸剂的研究进展

滴丸的研究始于2 0世纪50年代,1 956年有用聚乙二醇(PEG) 4 0 0 0为基质,以植物油为冷凝剂制备苯巴比妥钠滴丸的报道,1 958年国内有人用滴制法制备了地锑钾滴丸[1 ] ,1 968年我国芸香油滴丸的试制成功揭开了中药滴丸的序幕[2 ] 。近年来,随着中药剂型的不断发展,滴丸在中药剂型中的应用也越来越引人注目,成为一种很有发展前途的中药新剂型。中药滴丸剂系中药经过加工提取后,与固体基质加热熔融成溶液、混悬液或乳浊液,再滴入不     

中药复方药效物质基础研究途径与方法

中药复方药效物质基础研究对阐明中药复方配伍药理机制、促进中药现代化具有十分重要的作用。综述了中药复方药效物质基础研究的途径和方法,即利用拆方、血清药理学、血清药物化学、指纹图谱、药物动力学和代谢物组学等方法,对单体有效成分和有效部位进行研究,为探讨中药复方的药效物质基础提供依据。     

中药降脂研究进展

目的：介绍近年来单味中药治疗高脂血症的研究概况及中医对它的认识。方法：以查阅近几年国内文献资料为主,并进行统计、排列和汇总。结果与结论：许多中药有很好降低血脂的作用,而在药效上各有侧重,作用机理和途径也有所不同,多途径起综合疗效的中药往往是较好的降脂药。可见在治疗高脂血症方面,中药有良好的开发前景,并且中医对其病因病机及治则已形成系统的认识。     

中药虎杖的药理研究进展

虎杖为蓼科蓼属多年生草本植物虎杖Polygo numcuspidatumSieb .etZucc .的干燥根和茎,叶亦入药。虎杖性味苦寒,归肝、肺、胆经。主要功效有祛风利湿,祛痰止咳,清热解毒,活血化瘀。中医临床用于治疗湿热黄疸,肺热咳嗽,疮痈肿毒,关节痹痛,经闭经痛,水火烫伤,跌打损伤等。虎杖的主要化学成分有:游离蒽醌和蒽醌苷,主要为大黄素(emodin)、大黄素甲醚(physcion)、大黄酚(chryso phanol)、蒽苷A (anthraglycosideA )、蒽苷B (an thragl....     

苍耳本草考证和药用文献考实

目的 对苍耳的药用情况进行本草考证及文献考实，方法 通过查阅历代本草文献结合植物资源普查及商品药材使用情况调查。结果 苍耳药用品种自古并不混乱，但在名称和原植物形态描述中，与石竹科卷耳某些特征一并描述，造成了一定的混乱；现代文献《中国药典中药彩色图集》中苍耳原植物图片有误应予纠正。结论 苍耳药用基源正品应为苍耳Xanthium sibiricum。     

中草药及其活性成分抗肿瘤的研究进展

查阅国内外相关文献，综述中草药及其活性成分抗肿瘤方面的研究进展。根据中草药及其天然活性成分所诱发的不同生物效应将其抗肿瘤作用分为11类进行了详细介绍，展示了中草药用于防癌、抗癌的巨大潜能和美好前景。     

Recent advances in studies of antihyperlipaemic and antihyperglycaemic compounds from Chinese traditional and herbal medicines

Recent advances concerning the studies of Chinese traditional and herbal medicine with antihyperlipaemic and antihyperglycaemic properties have been reviewed; their medicinal plant sources and the molecular structures of the active compounds therein, as well as the result of their pharmacological and biochemical studies, wherever available, are presented.     

中草药植物细胞工程研究进展

简要介绍了植物细胞工程各主要分支学科在中草药研究中的应用及其进展情况。包括原生质体培养、单倍体育种、植物体细胞的种质保存、中草植物细胞培养生产次生产物、植物快速繁殖技术、体细胞胚胎发生和人工种子等。     

Omics technology: an important tool in mechanism studies of Chinese herbal formulas

Background Identifying the active ingredients from natural herbal medicines and demonstrating their potential mechanisms are key points in the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)field.In recent years,increasing studies have focused on the effects and mechanisms of Chinese herbal formulas.Basic studies on these formulas further coincide with the theory and practical use of TCM according to the clinical experiences for thousands of years.Single compounds have specific molecular structures;therefore,their methodologies in effect and mechanism studies are similar in both Western and Eastern medicines,making them more acceptable by researchers worldwide.     

中药熏洗治疗膝骨关节炎的临床与实验研究进展

对相关文献进行分析认为,中药熏洗治疗膝骨关节炎主要通过改善骨内循环、抑制炎症进展、促进软骨细胞修复等发挥作用.此外,细胞自噬现象与软骨细胞的退变、凋亡有密切关系.本文对以上内容进行归纳,以期对中药熏洗治疗膝骨关节炎提供思路.