Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis

A case of idiopathic granulomatous mastitis mimicking breast carcinoma clinically and radiographically is reported with mammography, sonography and MR images. Received 18 July 1996; Revision received 2 December 1996; Accepted: 2 January 1996     

Magnetic resonance imaging findings of a nonfunctional mediastinal paraganglioma with an unusual presentation

A case of histologically proven mediastinal paraganglioma presenting with metastatic spread to supraclavicular lymph nodes is presented. Mediastinal paragangliomas are extremely rare tumors and their CT and MR imaging features have not been well documented in the radiologic literature. The T 1-weighted and T 2-weighted spin-echo MR findings of a locally invasive mediastinal paraganglioma with metastasis to the supraclavicular lymph nodes are described and the literature is briefly reviewed. Received: 18 March 1996; Revision received: 15 July 1996; Accepted: 26 September 1996     

Nasal dermoid cyst with a sinus tract extending to the frontal dura mater: MRI

We report a child with a nasal dermoid cyst, the intracranial extension of which was shown on contrast-enhanced MRI, facilitating complete surgical removal Received: 10 October 1996 Accepted: 10 December 1996     

Disseminated intracerebral alveolar echinococcosis: CT and MRI

Cerebral alveolar echinococcosis is rare and has a poor prognosis. We report an unusual case presenting with disseminated intracranial lesions secondary to primary hepatic infection. Received: 2 May 1996 Accepted: 23 August 1996     

Isolated inferior sagittal sinus thrombosis: a case report

We present a case of isolated inferior sagittal sinus thrombosis shown on CT, MRI and angiography. This condition has not, to our knowledge, been described previously. Received: 17 June 1996 Accepted: 13 August 1996     

Effects of portal-systemic shunt embolization on the basal ganglia: MRI

We report MRI in a patient with portal-systemic encephalopathy, in which the high signal in the basal ganglia on T1-weighted images showed marked resolution after successful embolization of the intrahepatic portal-systemic venous shunt. Received: 21 June 1996 Accepted: 26 July 1996     

Extradural spinal meningioma: MRI

We report a case of extradural spinal meningioma with pathologically proven features of malignant transformation. The MRI findings of extradural spinal meningioma and differences in the findings from intradural meningiomas are discussed. Received: 16 August 1996 Accepted: 19 August 1996     

Haemangioma of the zygoma: case report

Haemangioma of bone in the zygoma is extremely rare. We report two cases presenting with swelling of the zygomatic region. The literature is reviewed and CT, angiographic and MRI findings are discussed. Received: 5 March 1996 Accepted: 31 May 1996     

Dilatation of deep medullary veins in cortical venous occlusion due to focal tuberculous leptomeningitis

We report a case of surgically proven, focal left parietal tuberculous leptomeningitis. Occlusion of superficial cerebral veins in the affected area led to dilatation of medullary veins to drain the left parietal lobe. Deep medullary veins were clearly demonstrated on MRI and angiography. Received: 7 June 1996 Accepted: 10 December 1996     

Unusual high signal intensity on MR images in a patient with multiple tendinous xanthomas

The MR features of a 57-year-old man with multiple tendinous xanthomas are reported. The lesions of the peroneus longus tendons and the Achilles tendons showed diffuse reticulated pattern, which is the typical MR finding of tendinous xanthomas. However, the lesions of the patellar tendons showed no diffuse pattern and contained focal regions of high signal intensity on T 1-weighted images suggesting the deposition of triglycerides. The regions showed high signal intensity on T 2-weighted images and moderate enhancement on contrast-enhanced T 1-weighted images suggesting the presence of associated inflammation. Received: 13 May 1996; Revision received: 19 August 1996; Accepted: 12 September 1996     

Gadolinium enhancement of the cerebrospinal fluid in a patient with meningeal fibrosis and cryptococcal infection

We describe the case of a 52-year-old man, with cryptococcal meningitis and meningeal fibrosis who had undergone ventricular shunting. Gd-DTPA-enhanced T1-weighted MRI revealed diffuse meningeal enhancement. Remarkably, there was enhancement of the pia mater and posterior fossa subarachnoid space. Received: 27 February 1996 Accepted: 4 July 1996     

Case report. Transient nonketotic hyperglycinaemia: ultrasound, CT and MRI

We report a case of transient nonketotic hyperglycinaemia in which radiography correlated closely with clinical and biochemical findings. Only 5 patients have been previously described with this transient form of nonketotic hyperglycinaemia. Among the radiographic findings, thinning of the corpus callosum is the most characteristic. Received: 26 June 1996 Accepted: 29 November 1996     

MRI in carcinomatous encephalitis

We report a rare case of miliary brain metastases presenting with symptoms similar to encephalitis (“carcinomatous encephalitis”). Contrast-enhanced MRI demonstrated miliary metastases more distinctly than other imaging methods and reproduced the pathological features. Received: 28 March 1996 Accepted: 29 April 1996     

Pontine infarction due to basilar artery stenosis presenting as pathological laughter

A 69-year-old woman presented right hemiparesis accompanied by pathological laughter (“fou rire prodromique”). The right hemiparesis progressed over several days and MRI revealed a left pontine infarct caused by basilar artery stenosis which was demonstrated by MRA. Received: 9 April 1996 Accepted: 1 July 1996     

MRI of atlanto-odontoid osteoarthritis

We present the MRI appearances of advanced degenerative changes at the atlanto-odontoid (AO) joint. Changes including obliteration of the joint space, subchondral sclerosis and osteophytosis were clearly depicted on fast gradient-echo T1-weighted MRI images. Recognition of these changes may be helpful in the diagnosis in patients with suboccipital pain. Received: 11 January 1996 Accepted: 2 July 1996     

Malignant evolution of presumed benign lesions in the brain in neurofibromatosis: case report

We report a patient suffering from neurofibromatosis type 1 in whom neoplasms developed from the areas of altered signal which are generally considered benign and typical of the disease. MRI, despite two previous examinations 3 and 2 years before development of the tumour, gave no clue to an unfavourable outcome. Received: 18 January 1996 Accepted: 24 October 1996     

Imaging of spinal cord compression due to thoracic extramedullary haematopoiesis in myelofibrosis

We describe a case of spinal cord compression secondary to extramedullary haematopoiesis in a patient with primary myelofibrosis. We show that MRI should be the procedure of choice for patients suspected of this condition. Furthermore, it could be of value for assessing the extent of cord compression, planning radiotherapy and for follow-up. Received: 13 May 1996 Accepted: 24 October 1996     

D1S80 (pMCT118) allele frequencies in a Malay population sample from Malaysia

The D1S80 allele frequencies in 124 unrelated Malays from the Malaysian population were determined and 51 genotypes and 19 alleles were encountered. The D1S80 frequency distribution met Hardy-Weinberg expectations. The observed heterozygosity was 0.80 and the power of discrimination was 0.96. Received: 17 June 1996 / Received in revised form: 16 October 1996     

Castleman's disease in the neck: MRI

We describe a case of Castleman's disease in a 8-year-old-boy who presented with a slowly growing mass in the upper neck. MRI showed a well-defined homogeneous mass with nonspecific signal features. Unusual features were a kidney-bean shape and the deep location in the suprahyoid region, the mass originating in the left retropharyngeal space. Received: 7 August 1996 Accepted: 9 October 1996     

Sudden unexpected death due to Fournier’s gangrene

A 43-year-old Japanese male vagrant collapsed suddenly in a police station. The man was resuscitated in hospital but died about 13 h later. An autopsy revealed necrotizing fasciitis in the genitalia and lower abdominal wall. The man was considered to have died from endotoxic shock following on Fournier’s gangrene. Received: 16 July 1996 / Received in revised form: 23 December 1996