颅内动脉瘤双源CT血管成像与常规和三维DSA结果的比较

目的 评价双源CT血管成像(DSCTA)在颅内动脉瘤诊断中的价值,并与常规和三维旋转DSA进行对照研究.方法 95例自发性蛛网膜下腔出血患者同时进行了DSCTA和DSA检查,用2种方法分别评价动脉瘤的检出率、形态、长轴及动脉瘤瘤颈/短轴(N/D)比值.动脉瘤N/D值比较采用配对t检验,长轴比较采用两相关样本的非参数检验.结果 95例患者,DSA在63例患者中检出67个动脉瘤,DSCTA在60例患者中检出64个动脉瘤,32例患者未检测到动脉瘤.DSCrA检测动脉瘤总的诊断敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值及阴性预测值分别为94.2%、100.0%、100.0%、91.4%.DSCTA对长径33 nnn动脉瘤的检出率与DSA一致,其诊断敏感性、特异性均为100%;长径＜3 mm动脉瘤的诊断敏感性和特异性分别为80.O%和100.0%.DSA与DSCTA所测动脉瘤N/D比值分别为0.46±0.14、0.51±0.18,差异无统计学意义(t=3.20,P＞0.05);长轴中位数分别为4.9、4.8 mm,差异也无统计学意义(Z=-1.309,P＞0.05).结论 DSCTA在诊断颅内动脉瘤方面与常规和三维旋转DSA相比有很高的敏感性和特异性.提高了小动脉瘤的检出率,可作为一种无创性的常规筛查方法.     

64层螺旋CT数字减影术对颅内动脉瘤诊断价值研究

目的 评价64层螺旋CT数字减影技术对颅内动脉瘤的诊断价值.方法 对36例蛛网膜下腔出血患者行64层螺旋CT平扫及增强扫描,每例患者均行常规CTA及减影CTA(digital subtraction CTA,DSCTA)重建,以DSA检查结果为标准,对比研究2种重建技术的图像质量、诊断准确性.结果 36例患者共计40个动脉瘤,经DSCTA检出动脉瘤40个,灵敏度、特异度分别为100%,经常规CTA检出动脉瘤37个,灵敏度、特异度分别为92.5%和100%.2组后处理图像质量单项有序行乘列表秩和检验有显著性差异(P＜0.01),DSCTA图像质量优于常规CTA.结论 64层螺旋CT DSCTA可作为筛查及诊断动脉瘤的首选方法.     

双能量减影CT血管成像诊断颅内动脉瘤的价值

目的 探讨双源CT双能量减影CT血管成像(DE-CTA)诊断颅内动脉瘤的价值.方法 对60例临床怀疑颅内动脉瘤患者同时进行CT血管成像及3D-DSA检查(2种方法间隔时间均在l周内),CT扫描采用双能量程序,1次扫描采集2个不同能量的数据.所得原始数据的后处理采用80 kV及140 kV 2个不同能量的数据进行直接去骨减影(即双能量减影),并保存减影后数据.所有病例均完成容积显示(VR)和最大密度投影(MIP).并对动脉瘤部位、数目、形态、瘤颈显示程度、瘤颈大小及瘤体长径和短径进行比较研究.全部病变结果均经手术证实.结果 DE-CTA共检出40个动脉瘤,漏诊1个动脉瘤,40个动脉瘤平均长轴、短轴及瘤颈大小分别为(5.54±3.28) mm、(4.67±3.12) mm和(3.22±1.31) mm.以DSA结果为诊断标准,DE-CTA诊断动脉瘤的敏感性、特异性分别为97.5%、100%.3D-DSA检出41个动脉瘤,41个动脉瘤平均长轴、短轴及瘤颈大小分别为(5.47±3.33) mm、(4.60±3.31) mm和(3.17±1.54) mm.2种技术之间有很好的相关性(r=0.954、0.957、0.869;P=0.000).结论 双能量CT血管成像诊断颅内动脉瘤有较高的敏感性及特异性.     

神经系统数字减影CT技术在颅内动脉瘤诊断中的应用

目的:探讨64层CT应用神经系统数字减影CT技术(Neuro DS-CTA)诊断颅内动脉瘤的优势及局限性。方法:经外科手术或DSA证实的53例颅内动脉瘤患者,术前均行颅脑CTA检查,先行模板平扫得到常规CTA图像,再注入对比剂行增强扫描。CTA检查的参数及患者体位均保持一致,扫描结束后将二者图像应用Neuro DS-CTA进行减影,以去除颅骨得到DS-CTA图像,并与常规CTA影像进行比较,分析图像后处理时间及不同部位动脉瘤的检出率,并与手术或DSA结果进行比较。结果:DS-CTA图像能够去除颅底骨伪影的影响,缩短图像后处理时间,与常规CTA比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.01)。DS-CTA发现动脉瘤58个,数量、部位与手术或DSA结果完全相同,敏感性和特异性均为100%;常规CTA发现动脉瘤55个,敏感性和特异性分别为94.8%、100%,漏诊的动脉瘤部位主要集中在颈内动脉,其他部位的动脉瘤检出率二者差异无统计学意义。对瘤壁及邻近血管壁的显示,常规CTA优于DS-CTA。结论:应用Neuro DS-CTA技术,能够很好地去除颅底骨的伪影,缩短图像后处理时间,提高颅内动脉瘤的检出率;常规CTA能观察瘤壁情况,二者应结合应用。     

数字减影CT血管成像对颅内小动脉瘤的诊断价值

目的：评价数字减影 CT 血管成像(DSCTA)在颅内小动脉瘤诊断中的价值。方法回顾性分析92例经数字减影血管造影(DSA)或手术确诊为颅内动脉瘤患者的临床及 CT 影像资料,比较 DSCTA 和常规 CT 血管成像(CTA)2种技术对颅内动脉瘤检测的准确性。结果92例患者经证实共有102个动脉瘤,DSCTA 检出其中100个,常规 CTA 检出其中89个(χ2=8.707,P =0.003)。DSCTA 漏诊海绵窦段和床突下段动脉瘤各1例,而常规 CTA 漏诊13例床突下段及海绵窦段与颅骨紧贴<5.0 mm 的小动脉瘤。进一步将<3.0 mm 和3.0~5.0 mm 的动脉瘤合并计算,DSCTA 对检出5.0 mm 以下动脉瘤的敏感性显著高于常规CTA 技术(χ2=8.393,P =0.004)。结论DSCTA 对颅内动脉瘤诊断优于常规 CTA,尤其对颅底毗邻小动脉瘤的诊断有明显的优势,可作为筛查和诊断颅内动脉瘤的首选检查技术。     

双能量CT头颅血管成像的影像质量、辐射剂量及初步临床应用

目的 探讨双源CT(DSCT)双能量技术头颅血管成像的初步临床应用价值.方法 选择41例临床怀疑有脑血管病变患者行双能量CTA(DECTA),另选择对照组41例患者行常规减影CTA.2名医师共同进行分析协商,评价两种方法颅底及颅内血管影像质量,计算辐射剂量,分析DECTA对41例患者的检查情况,选取经DSA证实的9例12个动脉瘤,测量动脉瘤的大小、瘤颈,并与DSA进行比较.DECTA和常规减影CTA血管影像质量的比较采用独立样本的非参数等级检验,辐射剂量的比较采用两个独立样本的t检验,DECTA和DSA显示动脉瘤的大小、瘤颈的比较采用配对t检验,DECTA和DSA测量动脉瘤颈、瘤长轴及瘤短轴的相关性采用Spearman相关分析.结果 颅内血管DECTA和常规减影CTA影像质量5分的病例分别占70.7%(29/41)、75.6%(31/41),差异无统计学意义(Z=-0.455,P=0.650),而颅底血管常规减影CTA总的影像质量优于DECTA(Z=-4.087,P=0.000),主要是岩段和虹吸段的影像质量较差;DECTA和常规CTA总辐射剂量分别为(396.54±17.43)、(1090.95±114.29)mGy·cm;DECTA所用总辐射剂量较常规减影CTA总辐射剂量降低了64%,差异有统计学意义(t=-38.52,P=0.000).41例临床怀疑有脑血管病变患者,DECTA检出19例患者有动脉瘤,2例动静脉畸形,3例烟雾病,17例阴性患者.9例动脉瘤患者(12个动脉瘤)、2例脑动静脉畸形、3例烟雾病和2例阴性患者行DSA或手术证实,诊断符合率达100%.DECTA检测动脉瘤颈、瘤长轴及瘤短轴分别为(2.90±1.61)、(5.23±1.68)及(3.83±1.69)mm,DSA检测动脉瘤颈、瘤长轴及瘤短轴分别为(2.95±1.71)、(5.10±1.60)及(3.83±1.65)mm.两者在动脉瘤大小、瘤径测量方面的差别无统计学意义(瘤颈、瘤长轴及短轴所对应的t值分别为-0.734、1.936及0.125,P值分别0.482、0.085及0.903);且两者测量之间有很好的相关性(瘤颈、瘤长轴及短轴的r值分别为0.964、0.976、0.973,P值均为0.000).结论 相对于常规减影CTA,颅内血管DECTA的图像质量没有明显下降,而颅底血管,尤其是岩段和虹吸段的影像质量较差.双源CT双能量CTA明显减少患者辐射剂量,有很高的诊断准确性,是一种较好的影像学检查手段.     

Neusoft NeuViz 128 CT诊断颅内动脉瘤的价值

目的:探讨Neusoft Neu Viz 128 CT诊断颅内动脉瘤的价值。方法:对118例蛛网膜下腔出血患者行头颈部CTA扫描,分析有无动脉瘤、动脉瘤个数、大小及形态,并与DSA结果对比。结果:CTA与DSA结果一致115个,其中阳性108个,阴性7个。CTA与DSA测量动脉瘤最大径分别为(8.5±1.6)、(8.7±1.9)cm,2组数据高度一致,Spearman秩相关系数为4.954,P0.01。结论:Neusoft Neu Viz 128 CT诊断颅内动脉瘤与DSA相比,有较高的敏感性及特异性。     

双源CT冠状动脉造影的初步研究

目的 探讨双源CT在冠状动脉造影中的临床应用.方法 51例患者同时行双源CT冠状动脉血管造影(DSCTA)及选择性冠状动脉血管造影(CAG) 检查,分析DSCTA的敏感性、特异性及准确率.结果 51例患者[平均心率(77.7±5.8)次/min]均成功完成了双源CT冠状动脉血管造影,并清晰显示冠状动脉各主干及部分分支,51例患者的166支冠状动脉伴有不同程度的狭窄或闭塞,150支冠状动脉狭窄程度与CAG诊断结果相同,得出DSCTA的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值及准确率分别为100%,90%,90.4%,100%,94.8%.结论 双源CT对冠状动脉疾病的诊断准确率接近选择性冠状动脉造影,是一种准确可靠的检查方法.     

64层螺旋CT2种后处理技术在颅内动脉瘤检查中的应用

目的 探讨64层螺旋CT 2种后处理技术对颅内动脉瘤的诊断价值.方法 对58例临床高度怀疑动脉瘤患者CTA图像进行回顾性分析,由2位资深放射科医师对原始图像进行VR、MIP后处理,以手术或DSA结果为金标准,分别计算VR、MIP、VR+MIP后处理技术诊断颅内动脉瘤的敏感性、特异性、漏诊率.结果 CTA证实10例无动脉瘤,48例有动脉瘤,图像质量4分42例,3分12例,2分4例,1分0例.VR诊断颅内动脉瘤敏感性96.67%,特异度76.92%,漏诊率23.08%,Youden指数0.73;MIP诊断动脉瘤敏感性96.15%,特异度47.67%,漏诊率52.33%,Youden指数0.44.MIP+VR诊断动脉瘤敏感性96.77%,特异度83.33%,漏诊率16.67%,Youden指数0.80.结论 64层螺旋CT各种后处理技术的联合应用,可显著提高动脉瘤的诊断.     

数字减影和常规CTA在颅内动脉瘤诊断中的对照研究

目的:探讨多层螺旋CT(MSCT)数字减影和常规血管造影术在颅内动脉瘤诊断中的临床应用价值。方法:回顾分析本院56例可疑颅内动脉瘤患者,应用MSCT数字减影和常规血管造影术(简称减影和常规CTA)进行颅内动脉成像检查,全部患者均进行了手术确诊或DSA检查,并将两种检查结果进行比较。结果:全部患者中手术及DSA造影共检出动脉瘤65个,采用数字减影CTA共检出61个,敏感性为93.8%。常规CTA检出动脉瘤54个,敏感性为83.1%。结论:MSCT数字减影血管造影术是一种安全、无创的新型检查方法,具有较高的特异性及敏感性,明显优于常规CTA检查。     

Dual-energy direct bone removal CT angiography for evaluation of intracranial aneurysm or stenosis: comparison with conventional digital subtraction angiography

Dual-energy CT can be applied for bone elimination in cerebral CT angiography (CTA). The aim of this study was to compare the results of dual-energy direct bone removal CTA (DE-BR-CTA) with those of digital subtraction angiography (DSA). Twelve patients with intracranial aneurysms and/or ICA stenosis underwent a dual-source CT in dual-energy mode. Post-processing software selectively removed bone structures using the two energy data sets. Three-dimensional images with and without bone removal were reviewed and compared to DSA. Dual-energy bone removal was successful in all patients. For 10 patients, bone removal was good and CTA maximum-intensity projection (MIP) images could be used for vessel evaluation. For two patients, bone removal was moderate with some bone remnants, but this did not inhibit the three-dimensional visualization. Three aneurysms adjacent to the skull base were only partially visible in conventional CTA but were fully visible in DE-BR-CTA. In five patients with ICA stenosis, DE-BR-CTA revealed the stenotic lesions on the MIP images. The correlation between DSA and DE-BR-CTA was good (R ²=0.822), but DE-BR-CTA led to an overestimation of stenosis. DE-BR-CTA was able to eliminate bone structure using only a single CT data acquisition and is useful to evaluate intracranial aneurysms and stenosis.     

16层螺旋CT血管造影诊断颅内动脉瘤

目的:探讨16层螺旋CT血管造影(MSCTA)诊断颅内动脉瘤的准确性。材料和方法:30例临床怀疑颅内动脉瘤的患者分别进行16层螺旋CT脑血管三维成像(3D-MSCTA)和数字减影血管造影(DSA),所有病例均完成多层面重建(MPR)、三维表面遮盖显示(SSD)、容积显示(VR)和薄层块最大密度投影(MIP),并对照手术或介入栓塞结果评估其诊断价值。结果:MSCTA共发现24例28个动脉瘤,其中22例为单个动脉瘤,2例为两个动脉瘤。动脉瘤直径最小2.7mm,最大35mm。MSCTA能清晰显示动脉瘤的瘤体大小、瘤颈、瘤轴指向、载瘤动脉及其动脉瘤与临近血管分支和骨性组织间的空间关系。23例与手术/DSA结果一致。结论:MSCTA诊断颅内动脉瘤有较高准确性,可部分取代DSA造影检查。     

64层螺旋CT与数字减影血管造影对颅内动脉瘤诊断的比较

目的 通过64层螺旋CT的CT血管造影(CTA)及CT数字减影血管造影(CTDSA)技术与数字减影血管造影(DSA)的比较研究,评价64层螺旋CT在颅内动脉瘤诊断中的临床应用价值。方法 26例临床怀疑颅内动脉瘤的患者实施64层CT和DSA检查,对64层CT图像进行了CTA和DSCTA两种方式的后处理。CTA后处理技术包括容积再现(VR),最大密度投影(MIP)和多平面重建(MPR),在CTA图像基础上用增强数据逐层减去平扫数据,自动去除骨与脑组织,获得CTDSA影像。比较3种技术(DSA、CTA和CTDSA)的特征。结果 26例可疑患者中,DSA和CTDSA发现31个动脉瘤,CTA发现29个动脉瘤。CTA漏掉的2个动脉瘤,直径小于3mm。结论 CTDSA是检查颅内动脉瘤的高度敏感的影像学方法,具有与DSA相当的价值。     

Preoperative evaluation of intracranial aneurysms: usefulness of intraarterial 3D CT angiography and conventional angiography with a combined unit--initial experience

PURPOSE: To assess the usefulness of intraarterial computed tomographic (CT) angiography in conjunction with digital subtraction angiography (DSA) by using a combined CT and angiographic unit in the preoperative evaluation of intracranial aneurysms. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Prospectively, 22 patients with or without subarachnoid hemorrhage underwent CT angiography in conjunction with DSA. Two radiologists independently evaluated DSA and CT angiographic images. Referring neurosurgeons were questioned as to how the additional information provided by CT angiography changed patient treatment. RESULTS: Intraarterial CT angiography was superior to DSA for use in aneurysm detection in three (12%) of 26 aneurysms and for delineation of aneurysm shape, neck, and location in more than half. In 14 (64%) of 22 patients, CT angiography demonstrated 18 additional findings: a very small aneurysm (n = 2), aneurysm shape and neck (n = 6), relationship of the aneurysm to adjacent arteries or bone structure (n = 8), and branches deriving from the aneurysm (n = 2). In four (27%) of 15 patients who underwent surgery or embolization, additional information obtained at CT angiography affected the treatment. CT angiography failed to clearly demonstrate an aneurysm adjacent to bone structures and small perforators, which were derived from the parent artery. CONCLUSION: Intraarterial CT angiography is useful for preoperative evaluation of intracranial aneurysms as a supplement to DSA.     

64层螺旋CT脑血管造影在颅内动脉瘤诊断中的应用

目的:与DSA相对照,探讨64层螺旋CT脑血管造影在颅内动脉瘤中的诊断价值。方法:对29例临床怀疑颅内动脉瘤的患者行64层螺旋CT脑血管造影(CTA)和DSA检查,使用GE64层Lightspeed VCT获得原始图像,所有病例均采用多层面重建(multiplanar reconstruction,MPR)、容积再现(volume rendering,VR)、薄层块最大密度投影(thin-slab maximumintensity projectjon,TS MIP)。后处理图像及DSA图像由2位放射科医生共同评估。结果:29例患者中,DSA证实25例共27个动脉瘤,其中2例为2个动脉瘤。与DSA结果相对照,CTA共检出25例26个动脉瘤,漏诊了1个颈出动脉瘤。CTA清晰显示了动脉瘤的形态、大小及载瘤动脉,3例动脉瘤瘤颈DSA未显示,CTA显示了全部动脉瘤的瘤颈。结论:64层CTA在颅内动脉瘤的诊断中具有极高价值,特别在显示动脉瘤瘤颈方面具有独特的优势,对临床治疗具有指导意义。     

Detection of intracranial aneurysms: multi-detector row CT angiography compared with DSA

PURPOSE: To prospectively compare the effectiveness of multi-detector row computed tomographic (CT) angiography with that of conventional intraarterial digital subtraction angiography (DSA) used to detect intracranial aneurysms in patients with nontraumatic acute subarachnoid hemorrhage. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-five consecutive adult patients with acute subarachnoid hemorrhage were recruited into the institutional review board-approved study and gave informed consent. All patients underwent both multi-detector row CT angiography and DSA no more than 12 hours apart. CT angiography was performed with a multi-detector row scanner (four detector rows) by using collimation of 1.25 mm and pitch of 3. Images were interpreted at computer workstations in a blinded fashion. Two radiologists independently reviewed the CT images, and two other radiologists independently reviewed the DSA images. The presence and location of aneurysms were rated on a five-point scale for certainty. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated independently for image interpretation performed by the two CT image readers and the second DSA image reader by using the first DSA reader's interpretation as the reference standard. RESULTS: A total of 26 aneurysms were detected at DSA in 21 patients, and no aneurysms were detected in 14 patients. Sensitivity and specificity for CT angiography were, respectively, 90% and 93% for reader 1 and 81% and 93% for reader 2. The mean diameter of aneurysms detected on CT angiographic images was 4.4 mm, and the smallest aneurysm detected was 2.2 mm in diameter. Aneurysms that were missed at initial interpretation of CT angiographic images were identified at retrospective reading. CONCLUSION: Multi-detector row CT angiography has high sensitivity and specificity for detection of intracranial aneurysms, including small aneurysms, in patients with nontraumatic acute subarachnoid hemorrhage.