The prevalence of homosexual behavior and attraction in the United States,the United Kingdom and France: Results of national population-based samples

Researchers determining the prevalence of homosexuality in nationally representative samples have focused upon determining the prevalence of homosexual behavior, ignoring those individuals whose sexual attraction to the same sex had not resulted in sexual behavior. We examine the use of sexual attraction as well as sexual behavior to estimate the prevalence of homosexuality in the United States, the United Kingdom, and France using the Project HOPE International Survey of AIDS-Risk Behaviors. We find that 8.7, 7.9, and 8.5% of males and 11.1, 8.6, and 11.7% of females in the United States, the United Kingdom, and France, respectively, report some homosexual attraction but no homosexual behavior since age 15. Further, considering homosexual behavior and homosexual attraction as different but overlapping dimensions of homosexuality, we find 20.8, 16.3, and 18.5% of males, and 17.8, 18.6, and 18.5% of females in the United States, the United Kingdom, and France report either homosexual behavior or homosexual attraction since age 15. Examination of homosexual behavior separately finds that 6.2, 4.5, and 10.7% of males and 3.6, 2.1, and 3.3% of females in the United States, the United Kingdom, and France, respectively, report having had sexual contact with someone of the same sex in the previous 5 years. Our findings highlight the importance of using more than just homosexual behavior to examine the prevalence of homosexuality.     

肥胖对中小学生生理机能与常见疾病的影响

目的 使用2009年、2012年、2015年3个年份的样本量来分析重庆地区在2009—2015年间的肥胖检出情况、肥胖对学生的身体机能和常见疾病的影响情况,为改善学生生理机能、降低相关疾病寻找依据和方法。方法 通过分析2009年、2012年、2015年重庆市学生体质健康监测的累加数据,观察肥胖对学生血压、肺活量、肺活量指数、视力等身体机能的影响以及对近视、龋齿等常见疾病的影响。结果 2009年、2012年、2015年学生累计样本数为202 235人,体质量指数为肥胖的学生9 529人,肥胖率为4.71%,其中男生肥胖率为5.79%,女生肥胖率为3.73%,男生肥胖率高于女生,差异有统计学意义(χ2=473.66,P<0.01);城市学生肥胖率为5.88%,乡村学生肥胖率为3.66%,城市学生肥胖率高于乡村学生,差异有统计学意义(χ2=551.30,P<0.01)。在生理功能方面,非肥胖组学生右眼视力、左眼视力、收缩压、舒张压、肺活量、肺活量指数均优于肥胖组学生,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。肥胖组学生龋失补总牙数均值与非肥胖组学生比较,差值为-0.22颗/人,差异有统计学意义(t=-16.31,P<0.01);肥胖组与非肥胖组的龋齿检出率分别为13.43%和20.54%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=113.34,P<0.01);肥胖组近视检出率右眼左眼分别为57.45%、 57.00%,非肥胖组近视检出率右眼左眼分别为51.86%、51.47%,肥胖组近视检出率与非肥胖组近视检出率差异有统计学意义(χ2右眼=113.34,P<0.01;χ2左眼=109.11,P<0.01)。结论 2009年、2012年、2015年重庆市中小学生肥胖检出率均处于一个较低水平,肥胖表现出了显著的性别间、城乡间差异;肥胖易使学生视力降低、血压升高、肺功能储备降低。     

科技期刊视听内容的生产、发掘和传播的发展与实践探索

【目的】 探讨视听内容的生产、发掘和传播中存在的主要问题和解决方案,为提升视听内容的全面性、内涵性、专业性以及影响力的可持续性实践提供参考和借鉴。【方法】 采用文献查询、网络调研等方法,对代表性期刊的视听内容进行整理、归纳。以《中山大学学报(自然科学版)》“天琴计划”专题为例,按照全面性和内涵性输出原则,建立视听内容的知识结构。围绕特色人物、特定问题、特别事件、特质成果,开展视听内容层次化、共享平台立体化、学术圈层化等方面的实践。【结果】 视听内容建设在以科学价值为首要宗旨、具象表达先进的原创内容,以整体和内涵性为基础、合理关联和扩充视听素材,通过关系匹配兴趣耦合、实现精准推送和分众传播方面有待探讨和完善。【结论】 视听内容的发展趋势是知识结构化、内容层次化、共享平台立体化和学术圈层化。知识的结构化、内容的层次化带动了关系认同、专业认同和学术圈层化,使得专刊的视听内容垂直化生产、专业化发展。此外,共享平台的即时更新机制可激发视听内容的活力,产生一定的持续效应。     

ORCID在我国学术期刊中的应用现状及启示

【目的】 寻找我国学术期刊关于ORCID注册和应用中存在的问题并提出有效解决方案,充分发挥ORCID对学术期刊的作用,以及普及ORCID在科研中的应用。【方法】 调查分析我国学术期刊的ORCID注册、标注、解析及采编系统集成情况,总结其应用过程中存在的问题,并提出我国学术期刊应用ORCID的发展方向。【结果】 学术期刊作者登记ORCID的意识较薄弱,分享成果意愿不强烈;作者注册信息不够规范,缺乏专门机构和人员的审查和验证;作者ORCID信息更新不及时,录入不完整;缺乏对所有作者ORCID主页的高效解析追踪;ORCID应用的宣传和推广力度远远不够。【结论】 学术期刊应加大资金投入,积极建立学术科研标准,在采编系统中积极嵌入ORCID服务平台;利用ORCID的优势,努力做好作者和审稿专家ORCID注册和录入信息规范化及解析准确化等方面的工作;与其他研究机构展开广泛合作,加大ORCID的宣传和推广力度,促进学术出版生态的健康有序发展,推进学术期刊网络化、数字化和国际化。     

Cancer and other causes of death among male and female farmers from twenty-three states

Occupation and industry codes on death certificates from 23 states for 1984–1988 were used to evaluate mortality risks among white and nonwhite, male and female farmers. Proportionate mortality and proportionate cancer mortality ratios were calculated using deaths among nonfarmers from the same states to generate expected numbers. Among farmers there were 119,648 deaths among white men, 2,400 among white women, 11,446 among nonwhite men, and 2,066 among nonwhite women. Deficits occurred in all race-sex groups for infective and parasitic diseases, all cancer combined, lung cancer, liver cancer, diseases of the nervous system, multiple sclerosis, hypertension, and emphysema. As reported in other studies, white male farmers had excesses of cancer of the lymphatic and hematopoietic system, lip, eye, brain, and prostate. Excesses of cancers of the pancreas, kidney, bone, and thyroid were new findings. Regional patterns were evident, particularly among white men. Significant excesses for accidents, vascular lesions of the central nervous system (CNS), and cancers of the prostate tended to occur in most geographic regions, while excesses for mechanical suffocation, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and cancers of the lip, brain, and the lymphatic and hematopoietic system were limited to the Central states. Increases among nonwhite men were similar to those in white men for some causes of death (vascular lesions of the CNS and cancers of the pancreas and prostate), but were absent for others (lymphatic and hematopoietic system, lip, eye, kidney, and brain). Women (white and nonwhite) had excesses for vascular lesions of the CNS, disease of the genitourinary system (white women only), and cancers of the stomach and cervix (nonwhite women only). Cancer of the buccal cavity and pharynx was slightly elevated among women, and white women had nonsignificant excesses of multiple myeloma and leukemia. Excesses for leukemia and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma occurred among white men and women, but not among nonwhites. Excesses for several types of accidental deaths were seen among all race-sex groups. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

4种有机磷药物杀灭温带臭虫的实验研究

目的观察4种有机磷药物对臭虫野外种群的杀灭效果。方法果酱瓶法，用4种杀虫药剂各制作3种浓度梯度的广口药膜瓶，并设一个丙酮溶剂对照组，将臭虫放入瓶中持续接触直至死亡。结果臭虫野外种群在各浓度药物中半数致死时间（LT50）分别为敌敌畏15-3、18．4、20．2min，倍硫磷220．5、290．7、231.3min，辛硫磷230．7、335．9、1300．0rain，杀螟硫磷490．5、475．3、460．0min。杀虫效果和起效速度依次为敌敌畏、辛硫磷、倍硫磷、杀螟硫磷。结论4种受试药物中建议首选辛硫磷，敌敌畏在紧急情况下可酌情使用。     

Age-Associated Glia Remodeling and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Neurodegeneration: Antioxidant Supplementation as a Possible Intervention

Aging induces substantial remodeling of glia, including density, morphology, cytokine expression, and phagocytic capacity. Alterations of glial cells, such as hypertrophy of lysosomes, endosomes and peroxisomes, and the progressive accumulation of lipofuscin, lipid droplets, and other debris have also been reported. These abnormalities have been associated with significant declines of microglial processes and reduced ability to survey the surrounding tissue, maintain synapses, and recover from injury. Similarly, aged astrocytes show reduced capacity to support metabolite transportation to neurons. In the setting of reduced glial activity, stressors and/or injury signals can trigger a coordinated action of microglia and astrocytes that may amplify neuroinflammation and contribute to the release of neurotoxic factors. Oxidative stress and proteotoxic aggregates may burst astrocyte-mediated secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, thus activating microglia, favoring microgliosis, and ultimately making the brain more susceptible to injury and/or neurodegeneration. Here, we discuss the contribution of microglia and astrocyte oxidative stress to neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration, highlight the pathways that may help gain insights into their molecular mechanisms, and describe the benefits of antioxidant supplementation-based strategies.     

壬基酚对仔鼠雄性生殖系统的影响

目的探讨宫内及哺乳期暴露壬基酚对雄性仔鼠生殖系统的影响.方法对28只受孕母鼠从受孕第1天开始灌胃染毒壬基酚(分别为0、50、100和200mg/kg体重),直至仔鼠娩出21d断奶后停止染毒,仔鼠于70日龄剖杀,测定与仔鼠生殖功能相关的各项指标.结果随着壬基酚染毒剂量的增加,70日龄雄性仔鼠的睾丸和前列腺的重量降低,睾丸重分别为2.86、2.98、2.59和2.44g;前列腺重分别为0.26、0.23、0.20和0.19g.每克睾丸日产精子数和每克附睾精子计数也随壬基酚剂量的增加而降低,每克睾丸日产精子数分别为22.46×106、18.46×106、17.43×106和17.26×106;附睾尾精子计数分别为46.85×106、39.74×106、35.57×106和31.36×106.雄性仔鼠包皮分离时间在高剂量组(47.83d)大于对照组(46.31d).结论宫内及哺乳期暴露于壬基酚可使雄性仔鼠睾丸生精功能降低,但睾丸无形态学变化.     

云南白族儿童30年青少年体格生长发育指标分析

目的 分析1985 - 2014年30年间中国白族儿童青少年体格生长发育和营养改善情况,评价并提出改善白族儿童青少年目前生长发育和营养现状的建议。方法 采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样的方法,在云南省大理州随机抽取2个县12所中小学7～18岁白族学生作为研究对象。采用WHO - 2006标准,对1985 - 2014年间历次参加全国学生体质健康调研的学生进行生长迟缓和消瘦检出率的变化情况的比较,并分析2000 - 2014年间学生体格生长发育的变化趋势。结果 白族7～18岁学生营养不良率全面下降。1985年、2000年、2010年和2014年7～18岁男生生长迟滞率分别为20.0%、16.2%、7.9%和4.3%,消瘦率分别为12.6%、8.1%、11.7%和8.6%,营养不良率分别为32.6%、24.3%、19.6%和12.9%;7～18岁女生生长迟滞率分别为21.3%、14.7%、8.9%和4.0%,消瘦率分别为8.4%、5.7%、8.9%和6.5%,营养不良率分别为29.8%、20.4%、17.8%和10.5%。2000 - 2014年15年间白族男、女生身高发育的突增期为12～14岁和10～12岁,女生比男生提前2年进入突增高峰年龄。2000年、2005年、2010年和2014年白族18岁身高性差分别为10.04cm、12.27 cm、12.30 cm和12.82 cm男女生身高突增值和突增幅度全距均呈现逐年递减的趋势。学生体重指数(BMI)的变化较为平稳。结论 白族儿童青少年营养状况显著持续改善,体格发育和营养状况处于旺盛的正向生长。     

3种生物因素对常见血清酶活性影响的探讨

目的了解酒精、食物、运动3种生物因素对血清酶活性的影响。方法抽取研究对象在饮酒、饮食、运动前后的血液，分剐检测其谷丙转氨酶(ALT）、谷草转氨酶(ASD、r-谷氨酰转肽酶(GGT）、碱性磷酸酶(AUP)、肌酸激酶(CK）、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH）6种血清酶的活性值，研究其前后变化。结果饮酒后GGT、AST、ALT、CK均有明显上升，上升幅度分别为90．4％、25．0％、24.3％、15．0％；饮食后AST、ALT、ALP有明显上升，上升幅度分别为22．8％、13．5％、14．1％；运动后CK、AST、LDH有明显上升，上升幅度分剐为103．8％、46.3％、29．4％。结论3种生物因素均可引起血清酶活性的改变，不同因素引起改变的酶有所不同．其程度亦有差异。     

重症监护中心患者感染病原菌及耐药谱分析

目的探讨某院重症监护中心(ICU)患者感染病原菌种类、对常用抗菌药物耐药谱等,为临床和医院感染科管理提供第一手资料。方法采用K-B法对28种常用抗菌药物进行耐药率测定、纸片扩散初筛和确证试验检测ESBLs、并进行MRSA、MRCNS和VRE测定。结果在201份阳性标本中共培养出264株菌,其中G-杆菌192株,占72.7%,主要为PAE、ABA、KPN、ECO和SMA;G 菌43株,占16.3%,主要为EC、SAU和CNS;真菌29株,占11.0%,主要为白色念珠菌;病原菌抗药性强,G-杆菌对IPM、AZT、CAZ、FEP、CFS、AMK、CIP不同程度敏感,G 菌对VAN、SXT、RIF、NIF不同程度敏感;KPN、ECO的ESBLs为64.7%和64.3%、MRSA80.0%、MRCNS 66.7%、VRE 22.2%。结论ICU患者感染病原菌以G-杆菌为主,提示临床医生提高标本送检率,控制抗菌药物滥用,降低细菌耐药性,提高治愈率。     

氟硒镉致大鼠睾丸脂质过氧化及微量元素变化

目的 探讨氟硒镉对大鼠睾丸脂质过氧化及微量元素变化的影响。方法 将氟硒镉经饮水染毒大鼠，10周后检测睾丸中脂质过氧化物（LPO）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH—Px）及镉硒锌铁的含量。结果 与对照组比较，氟、镉组LPO含量明显增高，GSH—Px显著降低，硒组没有明显改变。任意二联及三联时LPO含量较氟硒镉单独组明显降低，GSH—Px明显增高。各实验组硒无明显变化，氟组的镉硒锌铁也无明显改变，镉组的镉、铁显著增高，硒组、氟硒组的锌、铁显著增高，镉硒、氟镉以及氯硒镉组的镉、铁里明显升高。结论 氟、镉可引起大鼠睾丸脂质过氧化作用增强。抗氧化酶活性降低，硒的影响甚微。当三者任意二联时可降低脂质过氧化作用，三联时作用更强。硒可降低镉在睾丸中的蓄积，同时提高硒、锌水平，氟硒镉均可引起睾丸中铁水平升高，并有协同作用。     

运动对男性生殖影响的研究进展

运动对男性生殖的作用具有双重性，即合理运动有益于生殖内分泌，超负荷运动却常会损害男性的生育力。合理运动量的体能锻炼，卵泡刺激素（FSH）水平相比锻炼前上升，黄体生成激素（LH）和睾酮（T）水平显著上升；改善睾丸局部微环境，还改变生殖细胞的表观遗传修饰，有利于后代健康。超负荷运动则使睾丸微环境的温度显著上升，热应激可损伤精子的结构和功能并最终导致男性生育力下降；超负荷运动还抑制促性腺激素释放激素（GnRH）神经元和垂体功能，干扰生殖激素分泌。此外，运动还使精子DNA CpG岛相关基因发生明显的去甲基化，影响微小RNA（miRNA）表达水平，影响表观遗传。综述运动对男性生殖的影响及其机制。     

Play and learning—inseparable dimensions in preschool practice

This article is a theoretical discussion on the dimensions of learning in play and the dimensions of play in learning, using the playful interaction between children and teachers as a starting point. From an empirical study observations of two situations were chosen, one from a mealtime and one of children's play, both typical examples of playful interactions between teachers and children. The aim of the analysis was to detect and understand whether play and learning could be involved and how these dimensions might be expressed by children and teachers in the interactions. In research, as well as in the preschool practice, play and learning have been kept apart. Today the difference between these two concepts seems to be less well defined Joy, creativity, creation of meaning and children's possibilities to control and form goals are especially pointed out as dimensions that all seem possible and important in both play and learning. Play is pointed out as an important part of the learning process, and the teacher's responsibility for play and learning has been elucidated in new curricula. Our analysis of the observations shows that although both of the situations were different in character, dimensions of play and learning were found in each of them. In our first example the act of play and learning was to follow the child, while the second one deals more with an act of both words and actions, and focuses on children's interest in order to make them involved. Encouragement, imitation and communication become prominent in both of the situations, as well as joy, creativity, creation of meaning and children's possibilities to control and form goals. The study highlights the importance of the teachers when it comes to the development of a situation of interplay, and how this situation will appear to the children. Play and learning are dimensions that stimulate each other and could be seen as an indivisible entirety, which is a part of children's experiencing, and which helps them create an understanding of their surrounding world in a lifelong process.     

Cholera in Haiti and other Caribbean regions, 19th century

Medical journals and other sources do not show evidence that cholera occurred in Haiti before 2010, despite the devastating effect of this disease in the Caribbean region in the 19th century. Cholera occurred in Cuba in 1833-1834; in Jamaica, Cuba, Puerto Rico, St. Thomas, St. Lucia, St. Kitts, Nevis, Trinidad, the Bahamas, St. Vincent, Granada, Anguilla, St. John, Tortola, the Turks and Caicos, the Grenadines (Carriacou and Petite Martinique), and possibly Antigua in 1850-1856; and in Guadeloupe, Cuba, St. Thomas, the Dominican Republic, Dominica, Martinique, and Marie Galante in 1865-1872. Conditions associated with slavery and colonial military control were absent in independent Haiti. Clustered populations, regular influx of new persons, and close quarters of barracks living contributed to spread of cholera in other Caribbean locations. We provide historical accounts of the presence and spread of cholera epidemics in Caribbean islands.     

加强艾滋病的预防与监控

目的 分析艾滋病和血源性疾病的感染危害,加强人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染的预防与监控.方法 开展对医务人员、HIV筛查实验室及其他实验室工作中的环节进行监控,建立安全管理体系,健全各项规章制度并严格执行各项操作规程,制定实验室各项管理制度,实验室准入制度、危险标志设置、检测人员岗位职责和职业暴露,加强对实验室安全防护、仪器设备使用及维修、卫生清洁、废弃物品处置、样本的采集与保存、样品的运送与接收处理.结果 2010年1-12月共检查HIV标本25 732份(含无偿献血标本),未发生HIV的预防与监控安全管理事故.结论 找出潜在的危害因素,提出可行性的防护措施,健全规章制度,严格培训生物安全防护知识,加强广大医务人员的自我保护及职业暴露意识,最大限度和多方位地控制医源性感染,降低HIV及血源性疾病造成的职业性危害,具有重要的意义.     

中国科技期刊国际化发展“一体三维”评价体系构建

【目的】 在理论研究方面,从期刊社会功能、国际化程度、国际影响力3个单一评价维度思考构建中国科技期刊国际化发展评价体系,为科技期刊国际化发展评价提供新思路。【方法】 应用文献分析法和框架分析法,对社会功能、国际化程度、国际影响力3个评价维度的评价基础、理论、层面、指标、方法的优缺点进行整理和分析。【结果】 针对单一评价维度的缺点,探索性地构建中国科技期刊国际化发展“一体三维”评价体系。“一体三维”评价体系的评价基础关注期刊-社会、出版产业流程、发文-引用和使用量,连接期刊评价的宏-中-微观层面。评价理论既有出版规制、双效、国际化度理论的社科理论指导,又有文献计量学的数理理论指导。评价层面和指标吸取国际影响力评价维度的可操作经验,提高社会功能和国际化程度评价维度的操作性。研究方法将社会功能评价维度的理论探讨、国际化程度评价维度的案例分析、国际影响力评价维度的量化实证有效结合。【结论】 “一体三维”评价体系在理论方面解决了单一评价维度评价框架的不足;在实践方面保持SCI等评价体系优势的同时,秉持中国特色出版制度,覆盖科技期刊国际化发展产生的新特征。     

深圳市一般妇女生殖道感染状况及其影响因素分析

目的:了解深圳市妇女生殖道感染(RTI)流行情况,分析其中全市一般人群(一般人群)与罗湖区受检人群(罗湖区人群)RTI流行情况及其影响因素,寻求普通人群RTI的防治办法。方法:通过问卷调查生物学特征及其他相关情况;妇科检查阴道、宫颈情况,取相应分泌物及抽取静脉血分别进行相关病原体实验室检查;用SPSS10.0软件进行统计描述和判断。结果:①深圳市一般人群RTI感染率(25.5%)与我国其他地区研究结果一致,而罗湖区人群RTI感染率(17.6%)则明显低于全市水平;②宫颈感染的危险因素为年龄≤25岁、未婚、近3个月有新性伴及没有使用避孕套,阴道感染中滴虫感染的危险因素为年龄≤25岁、初次性生活年龄<18岁、未婚,高中以上文化程度者患细菌性阴道病和念珠菌性阴道炎的可能性较小;③罗湖区人群对部分RTI症状的认知程度明显高于一般人群。结论:加强对RTI、AIDS防治的健康教育工作,在各个不同层面开展多种形式的RTI、AIDS防治知识教育是提高一般人群对RTI、AIDS认识,减少疾病发生和传播的重要因素;积极开展生殖健康普查、普治工作,尽早发现无症状RTI病人并进行规范治疗,是阻断疾病发展、传播,减少并发症发生和HIV感染机会的重要环节。     

茶多酚对D-半乳糖诱导致大鼠肾脏损害的保护作用及其机制

目的探讨茶多酚(teapolyphenols,TP)对D-半乳糖诱导致大鼠肾脏损害的保护作用及其作用机制。方法D-半乳糖(150mg/kgbw)连续腹腔注射(ip)8w,诱导大鼠糖基化肾脏损伤,并于第3w开始灌胃给予茶多酚高、中、低(150,75,37.5mg/kgbw)剂量处理6w,阳性对照药物给与维生素E(250mg/kgbw)和氨基胍(150mg/kgbw)。测定大鼠血糖,糖化血红蛋白,血清果糖胺;测定血红细胞醛糖还原酶活性和晚期糖基化终末产物(AGEs)含量;测定肾脏组织中AGEs、MDA含量,SOD和GSH-Px活性;测定尿蛋白含量,血尿素氮和血肌酐含量;流式细胞仪检测肾脏细胞凋亡情况。结果D-半乳糖处理8w后,模型大鼠2h血糖和血红细胞醛糖还原酶活性明显升高,糖化产物形成增多;肾组织中AGEs和MDA含量明显升高,SOD及GSH-Px活性下降,尿蛋白、血尿素氮和血肌酐量明显增加,肾细胞凋亡率明显增加。茶多酚处理6w后,高、中剂量可以明显抑制D-半乳糖引起的全身和肾脏糖基化反应,降低肾组织中AGEs和MDA含量,并提高肾脏组织抗氧化能力,降低尿蛋白、血尿素氮和血肌酐含量及肾细胞的凋亡率。结论茶多酚通过抑制糖基化反应和提高肾脏组织抗氧化能力,对D-半乳糖诱导的肾脏损伤具有保护作用。     

Heavy Metals in Aquatic Macrophytes from Two Small Rivers Polluted by Urban,Agricultural and Textile Industry Sewages SW Poland

This article presents the results from a study of the comparison of 2 lowland rivers: the Olobok and the Pilawa in southwest Poland polluted by urban, agricultural, and textile industry sewages. pH and concentrations of Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn, nitrate, nitrite, ammonia, phosphate, and sulfate were measured in water samples and concentrations of Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, N, Na, Ni, P, Pb, S, and Zn were measured in stream bottom sediments and in the aquatic macrophytes Elodea canadensis, Callitriche verna, Potamogeton crispus, Potamogeton natans, and Ceratophyllum demersum from the river Olobok and Elodea canadensis, Polygonum amphibium, Potamogeton crispus, and Veronica beccabunga from the river Pilawa. The matrix of concentrations of 16 elements in 27 plant samples of 7 species from 15 sampling sites of 2 rivers and concentrations of 15 elements and pH in water samples and 16 elements and pH in bottom sediment samples of these sites was submitted to numerical classification, which revealed that sampling sites from the rivers were differentiated by the value of factor 1 of principal component analysis (PCA), which was related to the pH of water, Ca, Cu, Mg, Mn, and Ni in water and Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Na, Ni, P, and S in bottom sediments. More polluted parts of both rivers were differentiated from less polluted parts by the value of factor 2 of PCA, which was related to Pb, Zn, and sulfates in water and Ca and Zn in bottom sediments. Macrophytes from the Olobok and Pilawa rivers were differentiated by the value of factor 1, which was related to Ca, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Ni, N, Na, Pb, and S. Groups of macrophytes of more and less polluted parts of both rivers differed by the value of factor 2, which was related to P, K, and Mn. Downstream of the sewage outputs in both rivers, a significantly increased level of pollution occurs with elements correlated with factor 1: Among others were Cu and Cr, typical for the textile industry along the river Pilawa, and among others were Mn and Ni, typical for the urban and agricultural activities in the river Olobok.